第12讲中的分译法练习&合译法

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英语翻译之分译法

英语翻译之分译法

五、分译法分译法(山vi sion)就是将原文的。

个简单句译成汉语的两个或两个以L的句子。

为了使译文表意清楚,符合语言表达逻辑,汉译时有必要对原文的某些词汇、短语重新加以调整、泽成一个单句。

例如:·He wiBhedtlc we比d home? oRUnori生,he WuN have been the比LkRe houn ago.他真愿意那时候已在家里。

要是在通常的H子里,他平已到家三个小时了o这个句子是虚拟语气。

根据原文所表达的愿望,将odi—nanly一同单独译成一个句子,显得译文通顺自然,农意清楚。

Mr MYleB九U 5miled b皿N3voice had a1山1G bit ofikltatlonin it,LlJ型金L2么些麦尔斯先生仍然而带微笑,叮是他的口了,这种情况罗布很少见到。

为了叙述清楚,现分述如下:(一)主语分泽The toW boasb a1)e删t6u11ake.镇巫有个美丽的湖,人人引以自豪cHi s wcalth cnaNcs htm to do eve吁thing.他有钱,什么事都能干。

川is compKhensive work covers the entire hi劝)g nL(这部著作内容丰富多彩,包括了巾国整个历史c(::)宾语分译B山k5s aMiGs had DutNn their 5up吵eL但是他的军队进展很快,给养供应木上。

1aLWays avoid the kmPt山on b cxak the Pe刚nnH叮myse贬[o ahsew;nS hEm.我总是兑制白d不之吹捧这个人,而只限于对他进行观察。

I 5hoUd L1e sorV to knMNG you.如果订扰您的话,实在对不起。

A1bc6nn5teiH hal Leen Proved[o比[hc greate5t Physiciu ofthe 20th centu可事实已经证明,爱阅斯坦是20世纪最伟大的物理学家c(二)定语分译翻译公司H;announ(:cmG毗got a mtxed reachon对他的声明啊反府,不过有好有坏。

分译法与合译法

分译法与合译法
在非洲,我遇到一个小孩子,他哭 得很伤心,我问他为什么,他说他 饿了,因为两天没有吃东西了。
顺序法是指有些英语长句的叙事层次
与汉语相仿,基本上可按原文顺序译
出,为了使前后语气衔接,可增加必 要的词语。例如:
I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile.
汉语长句呈现出一种竹式结构。在表 达一些较复杂的思想时,往往借助动 词,按动作发生的顺序,或逻辑顺序, 逐步交待,层层展开,有如一根竹子, 一节节连下去。
英语多前重心,汉语多后重心。
在表达复杂思想时,英语往往是判断或结 论等在前,事实或描写等在后,即重心在 前;汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、 由事实到结论,即重心在后。例如:
And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.
在表达阶段,先将每个划开的单 句逐一翻译,然后将译出的句子 进行调整和组合,最后对译文进 行加工润色。
长句翻译的处理方法有两种:一是 大致按原文句子结构顺序进行翻译 (简称顺序法),二是按照汉语的 逻辑顺序进行翻译(简称变序法)。

12 省译法

12 省译法

By OMISSION we mean we properly omit some words or expressions in order to make the translated version brief, concise, and clear.
省略法就是减词法,省略是指原文中有些 词在译文中不译出来,因为其在译文中是不言 而喻的。换言之,省略是删去一些可有可无的, 或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。 但省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。
• 通过上述的讨论,我们不难看出:把 原句每一部分加在一起,并不等于原 句的全部意义。
• 所以,有时省略原句中一些次要的部 分,使所译文字简洁明了,文笔流畅 自然,从而更加突出原句的主要部分, 这正是省略法的精髓所在。
Appreciation
Poison to a snake is merely a luxury; it enables it to get its food with very little effort, no more effort than one bite. 毒液对于毒蛇来讲,只不过是如虎添翼;有了 毒液,蛇就能够毫不费力地咬上一口,猎到食 物。 • 该例中,no more effort than one bite 中的effort是 为呼应强调前面的with very little effort。effort显 然是one bite的上义词,译出下译词one bite的含 义可表示effort的含义,故可将effort省略,这样 既忠实原文,又可保持行文的简洁。
因此,英译汉时,在很多情况下不必把连 接词译出来。 并列连接词, 主从连接词……

1.省略并列连接词 在并列连接词中,比较常见的是and, or,but 和for的省略。

12分译法(教师版)

12分译法(教师版)

分译法Nov. 22nd—Nov. 25th 英语中长句较多, 句中修饰语多且长,使句子结构复杂,所以英译汉时,不能照样克隆复制,而是得根据汉语语法的特点,灵活处理。

切分就是一种常用的方法,是指把英语中的长句分解成两个或两个以上的句子。

它常包括单词分译、短语分译和句子分译等三种情况。

(一)单词分译单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词拆译成一个小句或者句子。

采用单词分译主要有两个目的:一是为了句法上的需要。

由于一些单词在搭配、词义等方面的特点,直译会使句子生硬晦涩,翻译腔十足,而把某个单词分译却能使句子通顺,且不损伤原意。

二是为了修饰上的需要,如加强语气,突出重点等。

英语中的名词、动词、形容词和副词等都可分译。

例如:(1)We recognize that China's long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth.我们认识到,中国的长期现代化计划以发展经济为重点,这是可以理解的,也是必要的。

(2) Then and there he named the startled General lying wounded on his cot the new Commander in Chief of the Airforce…他就在当时当地任命这位躺在榻上治伤的将军为空军总司令,使这位将军吃了一惊。

(3) A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle.我离开那个猫儿洞的速度之快,要是拍成电影的话,会象出膛的子弹一样。

(4) Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as law-breakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society.显然,数百万美国人从来没有想过自己会违法,更不用说犯罪了,而就是他们正在越来越肆意歪曲旨在保护和培育这个社会的法律条文,这真令人痛心。

13.分译法

13.分译法

(一) 分句法
2. 把原文中的一个短语译成句子,使原文的一个句子分译成两 个或两个以上的句子。 1)分词短语 They were at home in the home of the people, moving confidently without fear. 他们在群众家里感到自在,行动时心里踏实,无忧无虑。 She sat with her hands cupping her chin, staring at a corner of the little kitchen. 她坐在那儿双手托着下巴,眼睛凝视着厨房的一角。 Sunrays filtered in wherever they could, driving out darkness and choking the shadows. 阳光射入了它所能透过的所有地方,赶走了黑暗,驱散了幽 影。
(一) 分句法
3. 把原文中的一个句子拆开,译成两个或两个以上的句子。 She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success. 她已试了好几次,要帮他们另找一所出租的房子,结果并未 成功。 But another round of war in the region clearly would put strains on international relations. 但是,如果该地区再次发生战争,显然会使国际关系处于紧 张状态。 His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery. 因为他没有遵守安全规则,机器出了故障。

新英汉翻译教程-第十二章表达转换译法答案

新英汉翻译教程-第十二章表达转换译法答案
善的象征的,也不乏其例。
29 返回章重点 退出
课堂互动2: 翻译句子, 注意肯定译否定(参考译文)
5.We may safely say so. 【译文】我们这样说万无一失。 6.He laughed till his side split. 【译文】他把肚子都要笑破了。
30 返回章重点 退出
课堂互动2: 翻译句子, 注意肯定译否定(参考译文)
12.1.1 反话正说,否定译肯定
英语中有一些否定句,可根据词句的涵义、 逻辑关系,按汉语表达习惯,把否定译肯定,才 符合汉语思维和行文习惯。
10 返回章重点 退出
例1:An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself.
【译文】机会难得。
例2:Such things are of no rare occurrence.
其他用于表达否定意义否定形式: ● 大量使用否定词缀; ● 形式肯定意义否定的动词等; ● 介词和副词等; ● 形容词等; ● 相关的名词等; ● 短语等以及其他结构等。
7 返回章重点 退出
汉语的否定词比英语少得多,在表达否定意 义时,汉语没有严格意义上的形态变化,表达形 式比较简单,易于辨认,几乎所有表达否定意义 的词语中都含有明显的标志性否定词,以副词居 多,个别形容词或少数动词。
12.3 按词汇意义译
12.3.1含有否定意义的动词,译为否定句 12.3.2含有否定意义的名词,译为否定句 12.3.3含有否定意义的代词,译为否定句 12.3.4含有否定意义的形容词,译为否定句 12.3.5含有否定意义的连词,译为否定句 12.3.6含有否定意义的副词,译为否定句 12.3.7含有否定意义的介词(短语),译为否定句 12.3.8 含有否定意义的句子结构,译为否定句

翻硕复习第十二讲转态译法资料

翻硕复习第十二讲转态译法资料

被动语态翻译方法
1. 顺译法 Translation in Original Order
1.1 顺译成被动句 1.译成“被”字句 They are deprived of their rights. 他们被剥夺了权利。
He was beaten black and blue. 他被打得青一块紫一块。
一部分光或全部的光可能给挡住其去路的东西或 物体说反射、吸收或投射。
Our roof was damaged in last night's storm. 在昨夜的暴风雨中,我家的屋顶遭到了破坏。
Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world.
2. 译成“挨”字句 This time he was tipped over by his
buddies. 这次他挨了哥儿们一顿揍。
The little boy was criticized three times last week.
这个小男孩上周挨了三次批评。
3. 译成“给,叫,让,由,受,遭到,受到,予 以,加以,为...所“等
反动派的军队到处挨打。
1.2 顺译成主动句 1. 顺译成形式上是主动,意义上是被动的句子 He was assassinated in a theater last night. 他昨晚在一家剧院遇刺身亡。 His leg was broken in an accident. 他的腿在一次事故中折断了。
This new theory has now been adopted by many scientists who are searching life in outer space.

自考英语笔译教材lesson 12

自考英语笔译教材lesson 12

Lesson 12
3
1004 汉英段落 中国将努力促进国内粮食增产,在正常情况下, 中国将努力促进国内粮食增产, 在正常情况下,粮食自 给率不低于 不低于95%,净进口量不超过国内消费量的5%。 不超过国内消费量 给率不低于 ,净进口量不超过国内消费量的 。
• China endeavors to increase its grain production so that its self-sufficiency rate of grain under normal conditions will be above 95% and the net import rate 5%, or even less, of the total [domestic] consumption quantity. 翻译技法: 翻译技法:反说正译
Lesson 12
12
翻译技法: 翻译技法: 分译 目前,中国的粮食单产水平与世界粮食高产国家 世界粮食高产国家相比也 目前 ,中国的粮食单产水平与世界粮食高产国家相比也 是比较低的,中国要在短时间内达到粮食高产 粮食高产国家的水 是比较低的 , 中国要在短时间内达到粮食高产国家的水 平难度较大,但经过努力是完全可以缩小差距的 可以缩小差距的。 平难度较大,但经过努力是完全可以缩小差距的。
Lesson 12
11
2006/4 选择题,是根据课文的句子变化来的 选择题, 原文: 年相比, 倍多, 原文:1995与1949年相比,粮食总产量增长了 倍多,年均 与 年相比 粮食总产量增长了3倍多 递增3.1%。 递增 。
A. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled the 1949 figure, or an average increase of 3.1 a year. B. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled, comparing the 1949 figure, or an average increase of 3.1 a year. C. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled 1949, compared with its output figure, or an average increase of 3.1 a year. D. 1995 and 1949 were in comparison that the former quadrupled the latter in terms of the total grain output figure, or an average increase of 3.1 a year.
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. For all its great size, the machine moves noiselessly. 尽管这台机器体积很大,运转起来却没有噪声。 Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law. 能量既不能创造,也不能毁灭,这是一条公认的 规律。 This was to be the beginning of London's "Great Fear". 伦敦陷入了“大恐慌”,现在,仅是个开始。 .Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle. 黎明时分,大雾弥漫,细雨蒙蒙。
有人要零件,乔治找慢了,人家就不耐烦; 找得快了,又忙中出错。 If we do a thing, we should do it well.
我们要干就干好。
2.把原文中的主从复合句译成一个单句/复 句。 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people,we are not merely being polite. 我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅 是出于礼貌。
When one is awake, he cannot fix his eyes or his attention constantly on a single object. He must blink, if nothing else. 一个人在清醒时不肯能老是盯着或注视某 一物体,他至少会眨巴眨巴眼晴。
• This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that lay in the house that Jack built. • 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃 了放在屋里的蛋糕。房子是杰克盖的。
Practice:
Not surprisingly, he was constanly receiving complaints from all of them about his not giving valure for money. He stalked away, but with a gnawing uncertainty in his breast. He had ong been held in cordial contempt by his peers. Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 hundred years old. For all its great size, the machine moves noiselessly. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law. This was to be the beginning of London's "Great Fear" .Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle.
She went back home to take care of her husband. He was seriously ill. 她回家去照料病重的丈夫。 The four men huddled there and said nothing. They dared not smoke. They would not move. 这四个人聚在那儿不说话,不敢抽烟,也不 愿走开。
Because the young man frequently came to the lady''s house, he was regarded as the mistress''s lover. 这个小伙子经常来到夫人的家。因此,别 人都以为他是这女主人的情人。
It is certain that man will eventually solve the riddle of UFO. 人类最后必将解开不明飞行物之谜。这一 点是可以肯定的。
In 1844 Engels met Marx, and they became
Hale Waihona Puke friends. 1844年恩格斯与马克思相遇并成为了好朋 友。
July and August are the months when the weather is hot. 七八月份是天气很热的月份。
Some people got impatient when he was slow in finding a part they needed. When George hurried, he made mistakes.
12.4.2 合句法
Overwork may cause physical decline. Then insomnia may result. 工作过度会导致体力下降。然后会出现失眠的 结果。 工作过度会导致体力下降和失眠 The river is very wide. One cannot see the opposite bank. 那条河很宽。一个人看不到对岸。 河宽的看不到对岸。
Not surprisingly, he was constanly receiving complaints from all of them about his not giving valure for money. 他们常常议论他的不是,说他光拿钱不干活, 这一点毫不奇怪。 He stalked away, but with a gnawing uncertainty in his breast. 他昂首阔步地走开,心里半信半疑,感到十 分苦恼。
Practice:
Her father became the mayor of the city. He was a murderer in the Second World War. She wasn't really thinking. She was thinking about something else. In 1844 Engels met Marx, and they became friends. July and August are the months when the weather is hot. Some people got impatient when he was slow in finding a part they needed. When George hurried, he made mistakes. If we do a thing, we should do it well.
It (the People’s Republic of China) must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future; who believe in man and his glorious man-made destiny. 伟大的中华人民共和国必须用我们大家的 鲜血和工作来缔造。我们这些人相信未 来,相信人们,相信人们能够掌握自己 的命运—---- 光辉灿烂的命运。
1.把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单 句。 He was very clean.His mind was open. 他为人单纯而坦率。 There are men here from all over the country.Many of them are from the South. 这里有从全国各地来的人,其中有许多是南方人。
3.把原文中的并列复合句译成一个句子。 It was in mid-August,and the repair section operated under the blazing sun. 八月中旬,修理组人员在骄阳下工作。 Stir and you are a dead man. 你动一下就别想活命。 The time was 10:30, and traffic on the street was light. 十点三十分的时候街上来往的车辆稀少了。
Practice:
Her father became the mayor of the city. He was a murderer in the Second World War. 她的父亲,二次世界大战的元凶,竟当上 了这个市的市长。 She wasn't really thinking. She was thinking about something else. 她没有认真听,脑里想着别的事情。
第二天,我又接到一个电报。这个电报有34 个字,比前一个电报说得更详细。 The following day I received another telegram consisting of 34 ciphers, giving more details. 对我来说,我的水族馆就像我自己的一个小 王国。我就是里面的国王 To me my aquarium is like my own little kingdom where I am king.
主从复合句的分译 A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the cmpany he keeps, for there is a companionship of books as well as of men. 我们通常可以从一个人所阅读的书籍以及 所交的朋友来了解他的为人。这是因为 书有伴侣,人有伙伴。
Friday night, in my New Jersey family, was "bowling night", and I still recall once asking my mom if we could go out for pizza one Friday. 在我们新泽西州的家里,每周星期五晚上 是“保龄球之夜”。我仍记得有一次, 我问妈妈我们能不能那个周五出去吃比 萨饼。
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