赖世雄语法笔记
赖世雄初级美语入门篇
cmczbms2004-12-06 12:09 Lesson 01greetingsADon't forget to say greetings to uncle Wang.#见到王伯伯的时候不要忘了向他问好。
I hope you have a good morning.Who are you? #你是谁?Where are you? #你在哪儿？How are you? #你好吗？回答用，I'm fine.I'm a boy. You are a boy. He is a boy.This bed is bad. #这个床很坏。
注意bed和bad的发音区别。
I see you there. #我看见你在那里。
See you. = Good bye. = Bye. = See you later.Bhi和hey的区别。
How's it going?Great. = Wonderful. = Cool.How are you doing? =How're you doing? = How are you?#回答用not bad。
take care#保重。
take care of yourself.You tooHave a good time. #过你愉快。
Thanks. You too.#谢谢，你也一样。
DialogAA: Good morning, May. How are you? B: Hi, Tom. I’m fine. And you?A: Not bad. Thanks.B: Good. See you.A: Bye.BA: Hi, May. How’s it going?B: Great. And how are you doing? A: Not bad.B: Ok. See you later.A: Take care.B: You too.A甲：早啊，小梅。
(完整word版)赖世雄语法重点难点笔记整理
美式英语中的连读和略读同化同化是两个音相互作用，导致最后产生另外一个音的现象，这样可以使句子显得更流畅。
1./s/+/j/→/ʃ/ 如：this year等(1)I guess you’re right. 我想你是对的。
(2)I miss you。
我想念你。
2./z/+/j/→/ʒ/(1)What brings you here？什么风把你刮到这儿来了？(2)I’m not gonna lose you again.3./t/+/j/→/ʧ/ 如:congratulation、last year等（1）Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你.（第二次见面就说Nice to see you.)（2）What you doing? 你在做什么？4./d/+/j/→/ʤ/ 如：education等（1）Pinned ya. 压在你身上了。
（《狮子王》中的一句台词，听起来是/ˈpinʤə/。
这两个单词包含的发音规则有弱读+同化。
）（2）How did you like it？你觉得怎样？连读1.词尾辅音+词首元音这种连读最常见也最简单，把相邻的两个单词想象成一个单词即可。
（1）I’m so fed up with him。
他让我烦透了.（2）I’ve already made up my mind. 我意已决。
（3）That is so gross ［ɡrəus].太俗了。
（4）Turn on the juice. 合上开关，恢复通电。
（juice也有电的意思）2.词尾元音+词首元音A：以/u/、/ʊ/、/au/、/o/结尾的单词与跟在后面的元音连读时，两个元音之间加上一个较轻的/w/，这样过渡就会很自然。
（1）Just do it. 尽管去做吧！（2）It’s snowing. 下雪了。
（3）Don't blow it。
别搞砸了。
（4）So easy. 太简单了。
B：如果单词结尾是/i/、/ai/、/e/结尾并与其后的元音连读,则两个元音见带上一个较弱的/j/。
赖世雄美语从头学初级篇Lesson 36学习笔记
Borrow 与lend 的使用介绍Borrow 向某人借: borrow + 物+ from + 人I need to borrow some money from John.Lend 借...给某人Lend +人+ 物= lend+ 物+ to +人Lend me some money, please.Lend some money to me, pleas.重点复习不定代词的使用(some, many, much, little…)===================================================================== Lesson 36 A lot of bills===============================Article==================================== Do you have any money with you?Not much. Why?I need to borrow some.What's the matter?I have a lot of bills to pay this month.===============================Words==================================== ==============================Grammar=================================== Need vt.需要Need to +动词原形需要…You need to be more Patient.Borrow vt.借Borrow + 物+from +人向某人借某物Can I borrow a pen from you?Matter n.事情What's the matter( with you)?= what's wrong ( with you)?================================讲解===================================== Lesson thirty-six a lot of bills.Hello this is Peter Lai again. Very happy to be on the air. Now let's open this book to page one hundred fifty-seven. Page one hundred fifty-seven on this page we can see lesson thirty-six "A lot of bills."A lot of 后可以放复数名词或不可数名词.He has a lot of money. I have a lot of time.He has a lot of friends.而否定要用much.He doesn't have much money. = he doesn't have a lot of money.而肯定句尽量用a lot of.否定句用a lot of, much都可以He doesn't have much time. 他没有许多的时间.不要用在肯定句:He has much time. He has much money. 错错错.Much 多与not 并用在否定句中Bill 是可数名词" 账单"A bill. Two bills. Many bills.Part on reading.I feel sorry for Al. 我对al表示难过.This is a dialog between a boy by the name of Al and a girl by the name of Sue. Al 和Sue的对话.Al doesn't have much money. I feel sorry for him.他钱不多,我为他感觉难过.I feel sorry for you, John. 我为你感到难过.Do you have any money with you?any用在否定句或疑问句中后放可数不可数名词. 同时放单数,复数都可Do you have any friend/ friends?No, I have no friend/ friends. No后也是可以放单数或复数名词Yes, I do. Have ten dollars with me. 我有10块钱(在身上)With 在be动词后也有用法.She is with Peter now. 他现在跟皮特在一起. (这表示他以前和别人一起的). Now she is with Peter.I don't like to be with him. 我不喜欢和他一起.He doesn't study, he is not a good student. I don't like to be withhim. 他不是五道杠学生,我不喜欢和他一起.How much money do you have with you? 你有多少钱在身上?much用于不可数,many用于可数.How many friends do you have? (没有with you)你有多少朋友?I have twenty dollars with me. 我身上有20块钱.Not much. Why?Yes, I do. But I don't have much money with me. 这简化出来的.Do you have any friends? 你有没有朋友啊?Yes, I do, but I do not have many friends. 我有但不多.Why do you ask me such a question? 你为什么问这狗屁问题?Why 也等于what for.I need to borrow some.Need 的用法之前有介绍过,与want 差不多.我们来复习一下Need to +动词原形. You need to be more careful.你需要更小心.Need +人/物: I need you.我需要你. I need some food.Need + 人+ to +动词原形:I need you to go away.我要你滚蛋.还有need与want的分别记得吗?Need 翻译: 需要(更强烈). Want 翻译: 想要(无可无不可). 在一些情况下可相互代用.I need to 在这等于I want toI want to borrow some.I need to write a letter. I want to write a letter.Borrow 借Borrow +物+ from +人I need to borrow twenty dollars from him.我要跟他借20块.Don't borrow money from him. 不要向他借钱.Lend. 把……借给…Lend + 人+ 物(这有点像授予动词吧)= Lend +物+ to +人不要借钱给他(他从来不还的)Don't lend him any money.Don't lend any money to him.原句写的borrow some 是省略,原句应该是:I need to borrow some money from you.What's the matter?matter在这虽然是名词,但当成形容词用.= wrong.You are wrong. You give me the wrong answer.你错了,你给了我错误的回答.Two and two are four.You are right. 你太聪明了.What's the matter? = what's wrong?What's wrong? Lady.There is nothing wrong/ (the matter).nothing大家还记得: 他的形容词要放后面修饰.这里一样可以放the matter.证明看起来是个名词,实际当形容词用.There's nothing wrong with me.我没问题.他出什么问题了: there is something wrong with him.There is something the matter with him.I have a lot of bills to pay this month.时间副词:To pay this month.看起来好像是: 付这个月. 其实不是This month虽然也是个名词样,但当成时间副词用的. 也可以放在句首This month I have a lot of bills to pay.This +时间名词前面都不需要加介词 .I'll be very busy this week. 这个星期我会很忙.This year I'll be very busy. 今年我会很忙.(这下完了)Pay 支付You should pay the money.你要付这笔钱.You should pay the bill. 你要付这个账单 .轮到你付账了It is your turn. 轮到你啦.It's your turn to pay the bill.练习:Marry is crying.What's the matter with her?What's wrong with her?She doesn't have money.She doesn't have much money.Can you lend me ten dollars?Can you lend ten dollars to me?Don't borrow any money from him.===============================Practice=================================== 这里主要复习不定代词There are ____ pencils on the table.A few, much, little, a little.这里很明显,pencils是复数,所以一下就排队了3个Much 很多. 修饰不可数. 而且用于否定句.Little 没有多少.修饰不可数A little, 有一些. 同样修饰不可数There is little time left. 没剩下多少时间了.There is still a little time. 还有点时间.Few,修饰可数, 没多少A few 有一些, 修饰可数我有一些朋友: I have a few friends.我没几个朋友: I have few friends.We need ____ food for the party.Many, several, a lot, lots of.Many 很多, 修饰可数Several 一些,修饰可数记得课文吗: there are several foreign students in my classA lot of, 很多, 修饰可数不可数Lots of, 就等于a lot of. 但注意看,这里面的选择,没有of.He has a lot of friends. == he has lots of friends.He has a lot of money. == he has lots of money.How ____ students are in the room?Much, few, many, a few.这里how开头表示多少的的疑问句,只有how much/ how many而much问不可数,many 用在可数,所以...There is ____ juice in the refrigerator.Lots, a little, a lots of, many.上面现在都解释过了,所以接下来的应该会了There are many students in the classroom.There are ____children playing in the yard.A little, much, several, severals.There is something ____ with Fred.Matter, the matter, the wrong, what's wrong.这里复习the matter, wrong的使用. wrong是形容词不加冠词================================others===================================。
赖世雄中级美语听课笔记Lesson 7
Lesson 7 Doctor DeathWhether very sick people should be helped to end their own lives is a question many people cannot answer. However, Dr.Kevorkian is an exception. That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone. Some say what he is doing is immoral. They call him Doctor Death. Others say what he is doing is merciful. They call it mercy killing.Whether Dr.Kevorkian should be allowed to continue doing this is a real problem for the government. There seem to be two sides to the argument. Which side are you on?spooky 幽灵般的Halloween 万圣节to end one's own life = to put an end to one's own lifeWhen the movie came to an end, many people were crying. 结束I helped Mother wash(do) the dishes last night.Every rule has its exception. = There is an exception to every rule.With an exception ....inconvenient 不方便不说：Are you convenient? 而说：Are you free?That he doesn't study makes me angry. 名词从句that 不能省mercy killing 安乐死One is known by company he keeps. 观其友，知其人讲解：P: Are we talking here or do we have any purposes on the air?B: Well, yes, we do. We are trying to teach our students how to read and understand by listening these English lessons.P: So we are not simply chatting. In fact, we do have a plan over here. That is we want to acquaint our students with more of English.B: Our plan is to teach English.P: Doctor deathIt sounds spooky.B: It certainly does.Well, in the United Stated, Halloween is a spooky night.P: Following is an article, and has a title here "Doctor death". This article sounds a little spooky, but we will find out about this. So we'd like have Bruce read this article for us first.Whether very sick people should be helped to end their own lives is a question many people cannot answer.Whether we should help very sick people end their own lives.B: I help Mother to wash the dishes last night.I help Mother wash the dishes last night.P: do the disheswash the dishesdo the laundryB: "laundry" means your dirty clothing. So if you wash your dirty clothes, we can say "you will do your laundry."P: To end their own lives.To put an end to their own lives.Come to an end.B: When the movie came to an end, many people were crying.P: When the movie ended, many people were crying.However, Dr. Kevorkian is an exception.B: It is not English. It is, I think, from Eastern Europe.Every rule has its exception.P: There is an exception to every rule.with the exception of= exceptB: With the exception of New York, Americans own cars in American cities.Well, New York is such a big and crowded city. That having a car is very inconvenient. So most Now Yorkers do not own a car, but in another American cities, almost all Americans own their own car.Are you free now?Are you available?P: Is it convenient for you to do it now?That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone.That he doesn't study makes me angry.Some say what he is doing is immoral. So they call him Doctor Death. Others say what he is doing is merciful. They call it mercy killing. Whether Dr. Kevorkian should be allowed to continue doing this is a real problem for the government. There seem to be two sides to the argument.Which side are you on?I will side with you.P: He is known to all of us.One is known by the company he keeps.Substitution:1. Whether very sick people should be helped to end own lives is a question many people cannot answer.Whether the company should hire him is something the boss has to decide.Whether the man kill his wife is something we will never know.2. That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone.That he divorced his nagging wife is not surprising.That the prisoner had escaped was an embarrassment to the guards.。
赖世雄英语学习笔记
赖世雄美语笔记——魏仕超抄的学渣出版社STUDY-GARBAGE PRESS目录美语入门LESSON 1 greetings词汇：greetings n.问候招呼致意idiom n.短语句子：A:see you later B:alligaterhow are youhow are you doinghow are you getting alonehow have you beenhow's it goingwhat's upwhat's happeningLESSON 2 courtesy词汇：courtesy n.礼貌LESSON 3 what's your name词汇：nationality n.国籍句子：may I have your name please?=what's your name LESSON 4 family name词汇：family name 姓this that these those这个那个这些那些以上为指示代词，也可以有指示形容词的功能，例如this book is goodLESSON 5 how do you do相当于你好，不可以回答I'm fine词汇：occupation n.职业secretary n.秘书pilot n.飞行员句子：how do you do相当于你好，不可以回答I'm fine要说how do you do来回应what do you do你是做什么的LESSON 6 it's five past three词汇：ma'am n.夫人句子：it's five past three=it's three o five三点过五分，十分之后不用加"o"it's twenty to five=it's four fortyLESSON 7月份词汇：January February March April May June July August September October November December句子：June 2 1998这个2不是基数词，是序数词what's today's date今天几月几号LESSON 8 there be句型句子：how's the weather in Beijing=what's the weather like inBeijing表示“有”句首是人或动物应该使用haveI have a book句首是场所或时间，应该用there is/are在there is/are起首的句型中，应该将there视为固定用语，译成“有”而不要译成“那里是”，若要表示“那里/这里有...”应该说there is.....therethere is a man有个人there has a man 无此用法there is a man there 那里有个人LESSON 9 he's not in句子：he's not in他不在“留话”leave/take messageLESSON 10 can I be of any help for you词汇：clinic n.诊所句子：can I be of any help for you?我能帮您什么？LESSON 11 准备好点单了吗词汇：starve v.饥饿，饿死section n.区域，部门句子：are you ready to ordermay I take your order nowLESSON 13 牛排几分熟词汇：dessert n.甜点steak n.牛排book v.登记well done全熟 medium六七分熟 medium rare四五分熟rare3分熟LESSON 14 没重点词汇：brand n.品牌on sale 特价pants n.裤子，短裤pair 一条LESSON 15 量尺寸词汇：词汇：gift-wrap包装句子：take one's measurements量一下尺寸give sb. a hand=do sb. a favor帮忙go over there =go thereover用来加强语气表示就在那LESSON 16 one做代词词汇：high heeled n.高跟鞋clerk n.店员句子：one做代词时代替前面出现过的单数名词，ones代替复数名词LESSON 17 查字典词汇：tale n.故事consult v.查询sold out of n.卖完了句子：consult dictionary 查字典look up the word in dictionary 在字典里查词LESSON 18 here we are词汇：domestic n.国内的speed up 加速句子：here we are我们到了here you are/go 在这，拿去there you again 你又来这一套了LESSON 19 how come词汇：twin adj.成双的，双胞胎的rate n.价格费用lobby n.大厅reservation n.预定句子：how come单独用做“怎么回事”句子里how come I didn't know 是说我怎么不知道rate做“价格”时一般用复数what are your rates...LESSON 20 have a reservation强调预定这件事的事实词汇：suite n.套房charge n.记账bellboy n.男服务生句子：have a reservation强调预定事实make a reservation强调预定动作LESSON 21 兑换外币银行说的话词汇：change v.交换n.零钱cash n.现金v.兑换现金currency n.货币change money换钱change A for B把A换成B句子：how do you want your money?兑换外币时银行对顾客说的话，你要兑换多少面值will my passport do? do原意“做”也可以表示“行”“可以”that'll doseven hundreds eight tens and the rest in change此处的rest是代词，代指“其余的”LESSON 22 问生日和介词用法词汇：reconfirm v.再确认confirmation n.确定depart for动身前往某地intend v.打算book in 登记入住句子：date of birth包含年月日，birthday不包含年份表示确切时间介词用at，表示年月季节上午下午晚上时介词用in，表示日期和星期几介词用onLESSON 23 集合名词和arrive in词汇：lounge n.休息室arrival lounge 入境大厅tax n.税aisle n.通道take off 起飞，升空smoking section 吸烟区句子：arrive at后接小地点如邮局车站等arrive in后接大地点如城市国家英文中两个动词在同一个句子时，必须有连词连接，否则为错，但是go和come 以动词原形出现时则可以省略连词and，直接加另一个动词。
赖世雄中级美语听课笔记Lesson 2
Lesson Two How To Improve Your English生词摘录funny farmmental asylumimprove课文第二课How to Improve Your EnglishDialogue 实用会话Mack is talking to his friend Don.M: Hi, Don! How are you doing (Howdy )in your English class?D: Not so well, I'm afraid.M: What's the problem?D: I'm not improving. Tell me, how come your English is so good?(goof around )M: Well, uh... I have an American girlfriend.D: Aha! That's it. Now I know what to do. (He runs off.)M: Hey, come back! I was just kidding!梅克正在和他的朋友唐聊天。
梅克：嗨，唐！你英文课上得怎么样？唐：恐怕不怎么理想。
梅克：出了什么问题？唐：我一直没进步。
告诉我，为什么你的英文那么棒？梅克：呃，这个吗…我交了个美国女朋友。
唐：啊哈！就是这样。
现在我知道该怎么做了！（他跑走了。
）梅克：嘿，回来啊！我只是在开玩笑！讲解Mack is talking to his friend Don. Mack and Don are both boys. (or men)Mack says, "Hi, Don. How are you doing is your English class?"Don answers, "Not so well, I am afraid."Mack asks, " What is the problem?"and Don tells him, "I am not improving. Tell me, how come your English is so good?" and Mack says, "Well, uh...I have an American girlfriend."Don says, "Aha, That is it. Now I know what to do."He runs off. And Mack says, "Hey, come back. I was just kidding."P: Now I probably would like to hear you speak English only, so introduce yourselfin English againB: Hi, everybody. This is Bruce.P: However, this is basically an English teaching program, so every now and then, of course you will step in and speak Chinese. But most of the time, you will explain the key points, if there is any, in English. So lesson two we will have a short dialogue. Now, by the way, what is meaning of this word "dialogue"?B: A dialogue is a conversation between two people.P: 也就是两个人之间的对话P: And that is spelled?B: conversation or dialogue?P: Dialogue.B: OK. Well, you can see it on page 9 here, "d-i-a-l-o-g-u-e", but it is also spelled "d-i-a-l-o-g". So there are two spellings for this word.哦，有两种拼法 dialogue 这是我们现在看到的拼法，但也有人说dialogP: "dialog", the pronunciation is exactly the same. 发音是完全相同的。
听赖世雄讲座-笔记
第一讲：如何学习英文
3个态度：
1、善用每一分一秒，利用零星时间，超越别人。
2、少就是多，每天学少，但是要巩固，滚动雪球式前进。
3、持之以恒，不断暗示自己。
第一阶段：3个月学习音标。
（每天两三个元音，反复练习，刻意模仿）
第二阶段：学习会话，三个月。
（弄懂每个对话意思，刻意模仿，自己演练对话双方）
第三阶段：大量的阅和读，终身学习。
（英文报纸…一切可阅读的材料，扩展词汇量，语法，写作等）
计划：半年时间里（3月-9月）尽量每天都去学音标、会话（参照美语教程），还要保持听写和泛听。
第二讲：如何练习口语
1、充分利用会话书：正确的声源、搞懂意思、刻意模仿，合上书本一人分演两个角色。
2、描述法，描述周围的环境。
3、翻译法。
第三讲：如何记忆单词
1、凭声音记单词
2、凭句子记单词，会使用单词
3、随时查单词
4、反复练习，克服遗忘
第四讲：如何加强阅读
1、选择适合自己难度的材料。
2、准备笔记本，随时摘抄
3、不查字典草念一遍——精查字典——反复念，不需背——复述故事
第五讲：如何融汇语法
具体看赖氏语法
语法与口语没有冲突，英语的全面能力是建立在语法的基础上
第六讲：如何加强听力
1、发音要纠正，尽量接近母语人士的腔调
2、泛听与精听相结合
第七讲：如何练习写作
1、精确的语法
2、准确使用词汇
3、TDC模式写作。
赖世雄英语语法1-30
第一课：主语（名词、代词）She is my mother.They are beautiful.1、动名词(作主语)：做过的、有经验、已经事实动词ingStuding english it is fine.2、未作的事情、目的、梦想、计划、理想用不定式（作主语）To 动词原形To buy sth is one of plans.To see him is my purpose.To study abroad is my dream.3、（不定式）主语太长，用it代替，不定式短语放在后面（动名词改成to不定式）It is my plan to study abroad with my friend jone.4、句子作主语要变成名词从句----前面用thatThat she studys hard is true.T hat he doesn't agree with me makes me angry.5、句子长时（作主语）用it代替It makes me angry that he doesn’t agree with me.名词从句有三种：戴慧怡：that引导；whether（yes、no回答的，问句变成的句子做主语）引导；疑问词开头（不能用yes、no回答的疑问句---特殊问句）That she studys hard is true.Is she beautiful ?Whether she is(不能倒装) beautiful remains to be seen.Where will he go?Where he will go(不能倒装) is still a question.To bo a teacher is my dream.Mingic daici budingshi juzi wenju zuoshuyi第三课1、及物动词两种语态：主动或被动我。
他I love her. 主动他被我。
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2012-2-11、 cling on to:紧紧抱住，死抱不放；cling to:坚持，依恋，依靠2、 convince的用法convince sb. to do something/convince sb. of something(参见赖世雄语法5-授予动词)/convince sb. that/convince oneself ofbe convinced (of)/be convinced that3、 tip (C): 小费 a tip/a large tip/a big tip/a generous tip/ a $5 tip忠告 =a piece of advice, a few of tips/handy tips/gardening tips4、compare, contrast/compare and contrast(比较与对照写法)compare 指把人与人或物与物之间的相同点或异同点进行“比较”、“对照”或“相比”，常与介词with连用，也可指将人与人或物与物之间的相似处进行“比拟”；还可指将某人或某事“比作”另一人或另一事物。
指后面两种情况时，它常被用作不及物动词，与介词to连用.contrast指为了明确其相异之处，将一物与另一物加以“比较”或“对照”，用法和compare一样，常接介词with。
虽然很多人将compare 看作是contrast的同义词，但compare常用来比较同类事物；而contrast则常被用来比较非同类事物。
2012-2-21、英语倍数表示法（1）X times+as…as…：是... …的X倍/more than + X times+as…as…：是... …的X倍不止；（2）（more than+）X times +the（或所有格）+名词+（of）：是... …的X倍(不止)；（3）X times +比较级+than：是... …的X倍。
2、英语倍数增减表示法（1）increase (speed up, step up, raise, rise, go up, grow) / increase (speed up, step up, raise, rise, go up, grow) +by+X times：是... …的X倍/增加了X-1倍；（2）increase (exceed, speed up, step up, raise, rise, go up, grow)+by a factor of +X: 是... …的X倍/增加了X-1倍；（3）decrease (drop, fall, weaken, shorten, reduce, step down, speed down, go down) +(by): 是... …的/减少了；（4）decrease (drop, fall, weaken, shorten, reduce, step down, speed down, go down) by a factor of +X: 是... …的/减少了。
2012-2-3 赖世雄经典英语语法1、(p3)不定式与动名词作主语时，往往会因为形式主语太长，用it作形式主语。
但动名词移至句尾时，通常改为不定式短语。
例：To study abroad is my greatest desire.=It is my greatest desire to study abroad.Listening music makes me happy.=It makes me happy to listen to music.例外：It is no use +动名词短语=It is useless +不定式短语=It is of no use+动名词短语=There is no use/sence/point+in+动名词短语2、(p9)名词性从句作介词的宾语a. 慧（whether），怡（疑问词）可以，但代（that）不可以。
I am worried about whether he can do it.√I am curious about how he will cope with this problem. √I am sure of that the team has won the game.×b. 遇有介词，但非要使用that从句时，其补救方法如下(1) 介词+the fact+that从句I am sure of the fact that the team has won the game.I am worried about the fact that he does not study.(2) be+adj+that从句I am sure that the team has won the game.I am worried that he does not study.3、(p199)所有格与动名词的关系a. that从句作主语时，可改为动名词That he teaches well is something that pleases me.His teaching well is something that pleaes me.b. 在介词及某些动词后不可以用that从句，此时可改为：所有格+动名词(1) 遇介词的情况I am worried about that he does not study. ×I am worried about his not studing. √In spite of that the sun shone, the air was very cold. ×In spite of the sun’s shining, the air was very cold. √I insist on that he should go there. ×I insist on his going there. √备注：that 从句主语是物而非人时，一般不用所有格，直接将主语作宾语即可。
In spite of the sun’s shining, the air was very cold.In spite of the sun shining, the air was very cold. √口语中，that从句的主语即使是人，宜采用本结构。
I insist on his going there. (正式)I insist on him going there. (非正式)(2) 遇某些及物动词的情况that引导的名词性从句可作表认知的及物动词( think, feel, find, believe…) 以及表意愿的及物动词(hope, wish, expect, desire…)的宾语。
I believe that he works hard.I hope that he may joint us.但表喜欢、厌恶之类的及物动词，如like, dislike, enjoy, mind等就不可接that引导的从句作宾语，应改为所有格+动名词。
I don’t like that he smokes here. ×I don’t like his smoking here. √I don’t enjoy that John joins us. ×I don’t enjoy John’s joining us. √备注：mind 可接if引导的从句Would you mind that I open the window? ×W ould you mind my opening the window? √Would you mind that if I opened the window? √(虚拟语气表客气)4. (p42)不完全及物动词a. 认定动词(1) We regard/look upon/think of/see/view him as a genius.(2) We mistook the long-haired boy for a girl.(3) We consider/deem/think him to be a genius.备注1：to be可省略。
备注2：(1), (2) 里面的as与for后面亦可接形容词作宾语I regard his behavior as inappropriate.John works hard, so I take it for granted that he’ll be successful someday.(4) think, believe, find, deem, consider等五个动词作不完全及物动词时，不得直接用不定式与that引导的名词性从句作宾语，一定要用形式宾语it取代。
I think to climb mountains fun. ×I think it fun to climb mountains. √I find that he sings so well wonderful. ×I find it wonderful that he sings so well. √b. 使役动词之make, have, getmake/have+宾语+原形动词(过去分词表被动)(作补语)get+宾语+不定式(作补语)make可用于被动语态，have、get则不可以。
He was got to wash the car. ×He was had to wash the car. ×He was made to wash the car. √c. make的用法(对应于宾语补语的倒装，见刘毅语法宝典p666)如果宾语是不定式，动名词，或由that和whether所引导的名词性从句，又有宾语补语时，应用it代替这类长宾语。
He made to get up early a rule. ×He made it a rule to get up early. √I had made whether I am to go or not clear. ×I had made it clear whether I am to go or not. √备注：长宾语时亦要倒装He made his meaning clear. √He made his strong objection to the proposals clear. ×He made clear his s trong objection to the proposals. √5. (p46) (刘毅P323)授予动词, 间接宾语与直接宾语颠倒时，就需要另加介词to, for或ofa. to 表示给予(give, lend, bring, show, tell, write, send, hand, teach, offer, sell, promise, pass等)He gave me a watch.= He gave a watch to me.b. for 表示代劳(buy, make, leave, do, choose, order, sing 等)One must do someone a good deed every day.= One must do a good deed or someone every day.c. of 表示从… … 之中的概念(ask, expect, require, demand等)He asks me a question.= He asks a question of me. (of = from)d. 有些需要介词at, against, on(throw, bear, play等)The naughty boy threw a stone at the bird.The thief bears a grudge against the policeman.备注(1)有些双宾语动词只适用于无介词情形，如answer, envy, forgive 等。