数词和主谓一致

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数词作主语时主谓一致的特殊情况

数词作主语时主谓一致的特殊情况

数词作主语时主谓一致的特殊情况主谓语的一致关系通常遵循三个原则,即语法一致的原则,概念一致和就近一致。

关于数词(包括表示数量的其他词)或带有数词的词组作主语时,如何应用上述三原则,各类语法书均有说明,这里只谈谈一些特殊情况。

一.基数词+名词当基数词加名词表示时间,距离,价值或其他度量时,通常把它作为整体。

谓语动词遵循概念一致原则用单数。

但是,有时也可看作多个个体,谓语动词根据语法一致原则用复数。

例如:1)The past four weeks have been the driest in the country’s history.2)There were three quarts of mild in the refrigerator.二.One and a half+名词复数英语“一个半”可以写成“one and a half+名词复数”或“a+名词单数+and a half”. 两种形式中名词的数虽然不同,但谓语动词通常都是用单数。

例如:1)One and a half months has escaped.2)A month and a half has elapsed since our last meeting.三.One in, one out of , one of 等引导的词组英语“若干分之一”常可写成“One in+数词”,“one out of+数词”或“one of+数词”,作主语时谓语动词一般用单数。

例如:1)The survey report says that one out of twenty machines is in need of repair.2)Only one out of five is in operation.但是,在非正式文体中,也有用复数的,因为说话人所指实际上是不止one.例如:3)It is estimated that every one in eleven men over sixty suffer from heart failure.四.数字式子用文字表达数字式子时,谓语动词通常用单数。

中考英语语法专题训练—数词和主谓一致含答案与解析

中考英语语法专题训练—数词和主谓一致含答案与解析

专题训练五数词和主谓一致1. We gave away ____tons of vegetables to the people in HuBei last month.A. three hundreds and fiftyB. three hundred and fiftyC. three hundreds of and fiftyD. three hundreds of fifty2. _____ doctors and nurses went to HuBei to try their best to help them.A. Thousand ofB. 7 ThousandsC. Thousands ofD. 7 thousands of3.---It’s 2.29 today, and it’s my _____ birthday, but I am ___ years old.---Wow, happy birthday to you!A. five, sixteenthB. the fifth, sixteenC. fifth, sixteenD. fifth, sixteenth4.---XiaoMing, you didn’t pass the exam yesterday.--- I’m sorry, Mr Zhang, can you give me chance?A. oneB. a secondC. the thirdD. the one5. Unit____ is easy but___ unit is difficult.A. Four; fifthB. Four; the fifthC. Fourth; the fifthD. Fourth; the fifth6. The size of our school is (two) bigger than theirs.A. twoB. secondC. twiceD. the second7. ______ of the children _____ a cold because of the bad weather.A. Two fifth; haveB. Two fifths; haveC. Second fifth; hasD. Second fifths; have8. He visits his grandparents ______.A. every two weekB. every the second weekC. every two weeksD. every other weeks9. _____, when he was already_____ , he began to learn English.A. In 2010s; in his thirtiesB. In 2010s; in thirtiesC. In the 2010s; in his thirtiesD. In the 2010s; in thirties10. It takes me ______ to get to my hometown.A. two and half hoursB. two and half hourC. two and a half hourD. two hours and a half11. 9:45 can be read as ____.A. nine forty fifthB. 3 quarters past nineC. a quarter to nineD. a quarter to ten12. --- Jim,when is your birthday?--- It’s on ______.A.2007, April 13B. 2007, April 13thC. 2007, 13, AprilD. April 13, 200713. Each of us listening to the teacher carefully.A. isB. areC. amD. be14. Each boy and each girl listening to the teacher carefully.A. isB. areC. amD. be15. Both Tom and Mary to be a volunteer to help people in need.A. wantsB. wantC. wantingD. are wanted16. ---What do you think of yesterday's activity in your community?---Wonderful. A lot of useful information on self protection .A. is offeredB. are offeredC. was offeredD. were offered17. ---Good news! The number of patients of coronavirus ____controlled.---Yes, a number of doctors ____lost their lives.A. is; areB. are; isC. is; haveD. are; has18. Ninety percent of the students in this school three to five times a week.A. exercisesB. exerciseC. exercisingD. exercised19. Forty days ___ a long time to stay at home.A. isB. areC. amD. be20. The sick____ sent to the hospital.A. hasB. haveC. has beenD. have been21. Jane together with Tom and Mary to the library every week.A. goB. goesC. wentD. going22. In our school library, there____ a number of books on science, and the number of them____ growinglarger and larger.A. are; isB. is; areC. have; areD. has; is23. Meat and fish (be) the little boy's favorite food.A. isB. areC. haveD. has24. Look! The Smiths dinner in the kitchen.A. is eatingB. are eatingC. eatD. eats25. One hundred boxes of water to the villagers yesterday.A. is givenB. are givenC. was givenD. were given26. Two thirds of the money (belong) to Jack.A. is belongedB. are belongedC. belongsD. belong27. 20% of the students in my class the lessons online.A. likeB. likesC. are likingD. liking28. There ____ 2 girls as well as a boy cleaning the classroom.A. isB. areC. haveD. has29. Physics ______ an important part in our daily life.A. playsB. playC. to playD. are playing30. Maths ______ a difficult subject for me.A. amB. isC. areD. be31. Not only I but also my parents _____ music.A. to likeB. are likingC. likesD. like32. The man with his pets _____taking a walk in the park.A. amB. isC. areD. be33. No news ___ good news.A. amB. isC. areD. be34. Reading books ____ good for you to improve your study.A. beB. amC. isD. are35. Neither he nor I ____ good at speaking English.A. beB. amC. isD. are专题训练五数词和主谓一致答案解析1. B 本题考查基数词在语境中的运用。

考点03 数词和主谓一致-备战2020年中考英语考点

考点03 数词和主谓一致-备战2020年中考英语考点

一、数词命题趋势: 数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。

从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。

所占分值通常为 2~4 分。

从命题意图看,侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。

中考考查重点:1. 基数词; 2. 序数词; 3. 分数。

数词的分类:数词分为基数词和序数词。

基数词表示数目的多少。

序数词表示事物的先后顺序,往往与 定冠词 the 连用。

考向一:基数词的构成 (1)0—12 单独记。

如: zero, one, two, three 等。

(2)13—19 的词尾都是 teen。

如:fourteen, seventeen 等,但 13—thirteen,15—fifteen,18—eighteen 需要特 殊记。

(3)20 以上的整十的基数词均以 ty 结尾。

20—twenty,30—thirty,40—forty,50—fifty,80—eighty 等。

(4)"几十几"要加连字符号"-"。

48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven 等。

(5)"几百几十"或者"几百几十几"在"百"后加 and。

156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。

(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律:用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号读作 thousand(千),第二个逗号读作 million(百万),第三个逗号读作 billion(十亿),hundred 后莫忘"and"。

3,610=three thousand six hundred and ten;94,295=ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five; 考向二:序数词的构成first1st eleventh11th twenty-first21stsecond2nd twelfth12th twenty-second22ndthird3rd thirteenth13th thirtieth30thfourth4th fourteenth14th fortieth40thfifth5th fifteenth15th fiftieth50thsixth6th sixteenth16th sixtieth60thseventh7th seventeenth17th seventieth70theighth8th eighteenth18th eightieth80thninth9th nineteenth19th ninetieth90thtenth10th twentieth20th hundredth100thone hundred and first101st(1)"第一"、"第二"、"第三"分别是 first, second, third。

具有数量意义的词组作主语时,主谓的一致关系

具有数量意义的词组作主语时,主谓的一致关系

具有数量意义的词组作主语时,主谓的一致关系摘要:主谓语的一致关系问题是俄语句法中的一个重要范畴,通常情况下,俄语句中的主语和谓语在人称、性、数等形式上协调一致,但当具有数量意义的词组作主语时,主谓一致关系的情况就比较复杂,影响谓语使用的因素也很多,本文着重谈谈当具有数量意义的词组作主语时,谓语使用的一般规律。

关键词:谓语词组一致关系数量意义主谓语的一致关系问题是俄语句法中的一个重要范畴,通常情况下,俄语句中的主语和谓语在人称、性、数等形式上协调一致,但当具有数量意义的词组作主语时,主谓一致关系的情况就比较复杂,此时谓语可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式。

那么谓语究竟在何种情况下用单数形式,在何种情况下用复数形式呢?本文将针对这个问题作一详细的探讨。

一、具有数量意义的集合名词-普通名词词组做主语有数量意义的集合名词主要指的是большинство, меньшинство, часть, ряд等词,当这些词与其他普通名词构成词组作主语时,谓语有两种情况。

例如:1) Большинство студентов уже защитило дипломные проекты.2) Большинство студентов уже защитили дипломные проекты.大部分学生已经完成了毕业设计的答辩。

例1)中的谓语用单数,与主语取得语法上的一致性,是对一事情做出客观叙述。

例2)中的谓语用复数,与主语取得意义上的一致性,它表示对行为的强调和描述。

谓语使用单数时,常包括以下几种情况:1.当集合名词后无从属名词或后有单数二格形式的从属名词时,谓语常用单数。

例如:1)Большинство голосовало за предложенную резолюцию, меньшинство было против.多数人赞成提出的决议,少数人反对。

2)Большинство аудитории поддержало докладчика.教室里多数人支持报告人。

中学初中英语语法——数词与主谓一致

中学初中英语语法——数词与主谓一致

数词与主谓一致一、数词分为基数词、序数词、分数、小数和概数。

复习时要注意下面问题:1.基数词的意义:表示事物数量的多少,特别是hundred,thousand,million等,前面若有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时,它们只能用单数;2.序数词的意义:表示事物的顺序,前面一般要加定冠词;3.分数的形式:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当基数词大于“1”时,序数词后要用复数形式;4.小数的组成和读法:小数点读作point,小数点前面的数按基数词的方法读,小数点后面的数按数字读;5.概数(1)概数的表示:tens of/hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/dozens of/scores of/a number of/a quantity of/a few/a little/a great deal of/a great(good)many(2)概数的注意事项:概数前面不能有确切的数字,但tens of/hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/dozens of/scores of前面可有many,several,some等修饰词:tens of/hundreds of/thousands of /millions of/dozens of/sc0Iles of/a number of/a few/a great(good)many一般只修饰可数名词复数;a little/a great deal of只修饰不可数名词;a quantity of/a lot of/lots of/plenty of既可修饰可数名词复数,又可修饰不可数名词;few/little形式上是肯定,而意义上是否定;a few/a little才表示肯定的意义。

6.倍数的表示:(1)倍数(twice,…times)+as+形容词原级+as...(2)倍数+形容词的比较级+than...(3)倍数+the+ n.(size/length/height/width/weight)+of二.主谓一致、1.主谓一致的原则:形式一致;内容一致;就近一致。

人教版新高考英语一轮复习数词和主谓一致

人教版新高考英语一轮复习数词和主谓一致
The population of Canada is about 36 million. 加拿大的人口数大约是3 600万。 Eighty percent of the population in that country are farmers. 那个国家80%的人口是农民。
高考链接 考点归纳
考点四 “名词(或代词)+介词短语” 做主语时的主谓一致 1.有时主语与谓语动词之间插入一个介词短语, 该短语对谓语动词不产 生影响。
高考链接 考点归纳
考点四 dozen与score的用法 1.dozen(一打, 十二), score(二十)与具体数词或与many, several 等连用时, 后不加-s, 所修饰的名词前介词of有无均可。但是习惯上score多与of连用, 而dozen很少与of连用。如: two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋, many dozen pencils 好多打铅笔; two score of eggs 40个鸡蛋; three score of people 60个人。 dozen, score的复数形式后接of时, 表示 “许多”。如: dozens of eggs几十个 鸡蛋, scores of pencils几十支铅笔。 2.当所修饰的名词之前有限定词these, those, my, your等或是修饰人称代 词宾格them, us, you时, 这时需要加of。如: two dozen of these pens, three score of them。
高考链接 考点归纳
主谓一致 谓语动词的数应和主语的人称和数保持一致, 这叫主谓一致。在判定一 个句子主谓是否一致时, 要遵循下列三个原则: 语法一致、意义一致和就 近一致。“语法一致” 就是从语法形式上取得一致, 即主语为单数形式, 谓 语动词也采用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词亦为复数形式。“意义 一致” 就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致的问题。主语形式为单数, 但意 义为复数, 谓语动词依意义而定, 也采用复数形式。“就近一致” 是指谓语 动词的人称和数往往和与其最近的主语保持一致。

数词和主谓一致

数词和主谓一致

数词和主谓一致一、数词考点透析1.hundred,thousand,million,billion表示确切的数目时,不能加-s ,如:two hundred students。

如果表示不确切的数目,则在后加-s ,并与of连用,如:hundreds of teachers,thousands of farmers,millions of stars。

2.scores of与dozens of都表示概数,意为“数十,许多”,a score eggs(二十个鸡蛋)、a dozen eggs(十二个/一打鸡蛋)都是成立的,但可以说a score of eggs,不能说a dozen of eggs。

3.年代的表示法有两种,如:20世纪80年代可写成in the 1980s 或in the 1980's。

4.年、月、日的表示法常按月、日、年的顺序,如:2015年6月7日写成July 7,2015。

5.“基数词+名词”构成的定语,其中的名词用单数。

如:a three-month baby,an 800­word composition。

6.序数词前如有the,表顺序,如:the Second World War,the first question; 如果序数词前有不定冠词a,则表示“再,又”。

如:I've failed six times,but I decided to have a seventh try.我已经失败了六次了,但是我决定再尝试第七次。

7.常见的含数词的短语:in twos and threes 三三两两one or two days没几天;一两天first of all首先second to none 首屈一指,不亚于任何人one by one 一个一个地ten to one十之八九one in ten十分之一fifty fifty对半强化训练一根据中文完成句子。

2020年高考英语语法必考考点 9 数词及主谓一致

2020年高考英语语法必考考点 9 数词及主谓一致

2020年高考英语语法必考考点(9)数词及主谓一致【考点解读】一、数词1. 基数词(1)注意几个不规则的基数词的写法。

如eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty等。

(2)注意英语中的数量以三位为一个单位,一般对应阿拉伯数字的写法每三位加一个逗号,分别是thousand, million和billion。

如:ten thousand=10,000; one hundred million=100,000,000。

(3)数词hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score表示确切数目时不加-s,但若表示不确切数目时,要用复数形式,与of构成短语。

如:一万:ten thousand;成千上万的:tens of thousands of;两打鸡蛋:two dozen eggs。

(4)年代表达方式有两种写法。

如:20世纪90年代:in the 1990s或in the 1990’s。

2. 序数词(1)序数词前面一般加the,多数序数词由基数词加-th构成。

如:the fifteenth; 以y结尾的基数词变化时,先把y改成i,再加-eth。

如:twentieth。

注意几个不规则的序数词的写法。

如:first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth等。

 (2)序数词常可缩写,其形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。

如:1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th。

3. 小数小数点用point表示,小数点后的数用个位基数词表示。

如:0.567-zero point five six seven。

4. 分数分子用基数词,分母用序数词,如果分子大于1,分母须加-s。

如:1/5-one fifth/one-fifth; 3/4-three fourths/three-fourths。

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2.谓语用复数时的情况 (1)主语是形单意复的词 ①people,police 等集合名词做主语时。例如: The police have caught the thieves. ②“the/these/those+形容词/分词形容词”可以表示一类人, 这一结构做主语时。例如:
Those wounded were taken good care of. “the+形容词”还可表示抽象事物,这时应视做单数。例如: The beautiful gives pleasure to people. ③“the+表示国籍、民族的形容词”可以表示该国全体人民,
Each of the boys has a pencil box. Here every student is good at drawing.
特别提醒:单数的并列主语被 every,each,no,many a 修饰时,谓语也用单数。例如: Every desk and chair is new. Each teacher and each student has been told to attend
(3)family,class,group,team,crowd,crew, enemy,committee,population 等集合名词做 主语时,若强调整个集体,谓语用单数。例如: The population of China is large.中国人口众多。 若强调集体中的各个成员,谓语用复数。例如: Nearly 80% of the population of China are farmers. 中国将近百分之八十的人口是农民。
percent 不能用复数形式。
特别提醒:①1/2一般用 a/one half 表示。 ②1/4一般用 a/one quarter 表示。
4.表达倍数关系的句式 (1)主语A+谓语+倍数程度+as+形容词或副词原级 +as+比较对象B。 (2)主语A+谓语+倍数程度+the+度量名词+of+ 比较对象B。 (3)主语A+谓语+倍数程度+what从句。
3.分数、小数、百分数的读法和写法 (1)分数的分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,分 子大于一时,分母用复数;但要注意整数和分数之 间必须用 and 连接。25,6 表示为 two and five sixths。 (2)在读小数时,小数点后面的数字要单独读出。小数 点读成 point。 (3)百分数用“基数词+percent”表示,要注意
He does well in maths.
2.意义一致的原则。根据主语的意义,而不是形式,决定
谓语的数。例如:
The teacher and writer is going to give us a lecture on writing. 那位老师兼作者准备给我们讲讲如何写作。 3.就近一致的原则。即谓语与靠近的那个主语一致。例如:
(2)不定式短语、动名词短语和从句做主语时。例如:
That she will come here tomorrow is certain.
特别提醒:①what 从句做主语时,谓语动词的形式主要取 决于后面的表语是单数还是复数。试比较: What they want is nothing but a rest. What he wants are two books.
There are two pairs of glasses needing to be repaired.
3.谓语用单数或复数均有可能 (1)表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词被看做整体时, 谓语用单数。例如: Ten dollars is what he needs.
Twenty kilometres isn't a short distance.
Every means has been tried.
(8)在四则运算中,加法、乘法后面的谓语动词用单、复数均 可,减法、除法后面的谓语动词只能用单数。例如: Three plus three makes/make six.
Thirtyfive divided by five is seven.
(四)谓语与相邻的那个主语一致 (1)either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also, not...but,or 等连接两个并列的主语时,谓语须与 靠近的那一个主语一致。例如: Either you or I am wrong. Are neither you nor he for the plan? (2)在 here is,there is 或其他状语提前的倒装句中, 谓语动词的形式也适用邻近原则。例如:
This kind of wheat isn't grown in our country.
(4)主语是形复意单的词 ①以 s 结尾的国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时。例如:
The United Nations(联合国) was founded in 1945.
②以 s 结尾的学科名词做主语时。例如: Physics is taught in all middle schools. ③“One and a half+复数名词”做主语时。例如: One and a half days is all I can spare.
特别提醒:①三个原则虽然不同,但在具体运用中,它们往 往是协调的,并不矛盾。例如: More than ten students have passed the driving test.(形 式和意义都是复数) ②当语法一致的原则与意义一致的原则发生冲突时,一般坚 持语法一致的原则。例如:
More than one student has passed the driving test.(形
of 短语时,要用复数形式。
2.序数词的结构特点: (1)序数词第1~19除了 first,second 和 third 外, 其余的大部分都是由基数词后加“­th”构成。 (2)十位数序数词如果含有1~9的个位数时,十位数用 基数词,个位数用序数词,并且中间用连字符连接。 (3)百、千、万等的序数词由 hundred,thousand, million 等后加th 构成。 (4)序数词前一般要加 the 表示顺序。
数词和主谓一致
一、数词 1.基数词的结构特点: (1)在表达上十位和个位之间要加连字符“-”。 (2)在百位和十位之间要用 and 连接。
(3)千位以上的数从后向前数,每三位加一个逗号。
(4)hundred,thousand,million 等前面有具体数字或 some,several 等修饰时,后面不加“­s”;但当其后跟
Hale Waihona Puke (4)主语A+谓语+倍数程度+形容词或副词的比较级
+than+比较对象B。 (5)主语A+谓语+形容词或副词的比较级+than+比 较对象B+by+倍数。
特别提醒:表达倍数时,一倍用 once,两倍用 twice/double,三倍或三倍以上才用“基数词+times”表 示。
二、主谓一致 (一)主谓一致三原则 1.语法一致的原则。即主语是单数,谓语为单数;主语若 为复数,谓语亦为复数。例如:
The teacher as well as his students is playing football.
In some parts of the world,tea is served with milk or sugar.
②主语是 each 或单数主语被 each,every 修饰时。例如:
Neither answer proves to be correct.
④every/some/any/no+body/one/thing 构成的复 合不定代词做主语时。例如: Nobody is absent.
⑤主语是a kind/sort/type of+单数或复数名词时,因为kind/sort/type 是短语中的中心词,也是信息的焦点,所以,谓语应与其一致。例:
(4)what,which,who,some,any,more, most,all 等词做主语时,谓语动词的数根据实际 意义确定。例如: All is silent.万籁俱寂。(all 指代整个情况、事件时是 单数) All are silent.所有的人都不做声。(all 指代人或物时, 是复数) (5)none 做主语时,若指代可数名词,谓语用单数和
若侧重于一个个的个体,则用复数。例如:
Five years have passed since I joined the League.
(2)and 连接并列的名词做主语时,谓语一般用复数。例如: Reading and writing are both very important. Hard work and plain living (艰苦和朴素) are the fine qualities of a person.
这一结构做主语时。例如:
The Chinese are a brave and hardworking people.
(2)主语是形复意复的词 ①某些具有抽象意义的复数名词做主语时。例如: Things are getting worse and worse. The surroundings are usually quiet here. ②“one or two+复数名词”做主语时。例如: There are one or two tickets left.
③glasses,compasses,trousers 等由两部分连成一体 的名词做主语时。例如: My trousers are worn out. 若前面有 pair 等物量词,则谓语由该物量词的形式决定。 例如: There is a pair of compasses on the desk.
②当 what 从句表示所说的话或所做的事时,谓语动词应用
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