外贸常用词汇中英文对照-外贸英语词汇,外贸英语,外贸基础词汇--_
外贸常用词汇中英文对照-外贸英语词汇,外
贸英语,外贸基础词汇
外贸常用词汇中英文对照
出口信贷 export credit
出口津贴 export subsidy
商品倾销 dumping
外汇倾销 exchange dumping
优惠关税 special preferences
保税仓库 bonded warehouse
贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade
贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade
进口配额制 import quotas
自由贸易区 free trade zone
对外贸易值 value of foreign trade
国际贸易值 value of international trade
普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP
最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT trade term / price term 价格术语
world / international market price 国际市场价格
FOB (free on board) 离岸价
C F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价
CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价
freight 运费
wharfage 码头费
landing charges 卸货费
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外贸常用词汇中英文对照-外贸英语词汇,外
贸英语,外贸基础词汇
外贸常用词汇中英文对照
customs duty 关税
port dues 港口税
import surcharge 进口附加税
import variable duties 进口差价税 commission 佣金
return commission 回佣，回扣
price including commission 含佣价 net price 净价
wholesale price 批发价
discount / allowance 折扣
retail price 零售价
spot price 现货价格
current price 现行价格 / 时价 indicative price 参考价格
customs valuation 海关估价 price list 价目表
total value 总值
贸易保险术语
All Risks 一切险
F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险
W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险 War Risk 战争险
F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
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外贸常用词汇中英文对照-外贸英语词汇,外
贸英语,外贸基础词汇
外贸常用词汇中英文对照
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
Risk of Odor 串味险
Risk of Rust 锈蚀险
Shortage Risk 短缺险
T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Strikes Risk 罢工险
贸易机构词汇
WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织
IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织
CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会
EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟 AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区
JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定
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外贸英语函电试卷B标准答案(1)
XXXXXXX卷面考核 XXXXXXX学年第 2 学期期末 《外贸英语函电》（ B ）标准答案 专业_班级经济命题教师 一、Fill in the blanks with the right word or words (2% for each, 20%) 1～5 C D B B B 6～10 B D C B B 二、Choose the appropriate word or words in the parentheses. (2% for each, 20%) 1～5 B A A B A 6～10 B A B A A 三、Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(3% for each, 15%) 1.从中国国际贸易促进委员会获悉，你们有意购买电器用品。 2.我们还想了解各类商品的每种颜色和花样的最低出口起售量。 3.所有报价以我方最后确认为准。除非另有规定或经双方同意，所有价格都是不含佣 金的净价。 4.另行寄上我方目录若干份，以便你方作出适当选择。 5.我方所报价格是经过紧密计算的。然而，为促进业务我们准备给你方5%的折扣。 四、Translate the following sentences into English.(3% for each, 15%) 1.We are one of the leading importers dealing in electronic products in the area, and take this opportunity to approach you in the hope of establishing business relations.
外贸英语函电课后习题参考答案
外贸英语函电课后习题参考答案 （For Reference Only） Chapter 1 Business Letter I. Answer the following questions. 1. How many principal parts is a business letter composed of? What are they? Generally speaking, there are seven principal parts of a standard business letter. They are the letter head; the date; inside name and address; saluation; the body of a letter(message); the complimentary close and signature. 2. What are the three main formats of a business letter used today? Which format do you like best? There are three main formats of a business letter in use at present: the conventional indented style; the modern block style and the modified block style. I like the modern block style, since it is simple and we can save much time. 3. What is P.S.? It is postscript, refers to one or more remarks the writer may add to the core or body of the letter,usually hand-written side by side with or below the signature and enclosure parts, where
外贸英语中英互译：索赔
外贸英语中英互译：索赔 We've given your claim our careful consideration. 我们已经就你们提出的索赔做了仔细研究。 We filed a claim with (against) you for the shortweight. 关于短重问题，我们已经向你方提出索赔。 The Chinese representative and Mr. Bake discussed the claim. 中方代表与贝克先生商谈了索赔问题。 We have received your remittance in settlement of our claim. 我们已经收到你方解决我们索赔问题的汇款。 Claims for incorrect material must be made within 60 days after arrival of the goods. 有关不合格材料的索赔问题必须在货到后60天内予以解决。 We have already made a careful investigation of the case. 我们已经对这个索赔案件做了详细的调查研究。 I want to settle our claim on you for the 100 tons of bleached cotton waste, as per Sales Confirmation No. 1254E. 我们想处理一下关于销售确认书第1254E号100吨漂白废棉的索赔问题。 We are not in a position to entertain your claim. 我们不能接受你们提出的索赔要求。 But we regret our inability to accommodate your claim. 很抱歉我们不能接受你方索赔。 I'll write to our home office to waive our claim immediately. 我立即写信给我们的总公司提出放弃索赔。 I'm afraid you should compensate us by 5% of the total amount of the contract. 贵公司要赔偿我方合同全部金额的百分之五。 We regret for the loss you have suffered and agree to compensate you by $500. 我们对你方遭受的损失深表歉意，同意向你们赔偿500美元。 I propose we compensate you by 3% of the total value plus inspection fee. 我想我们赔偿贵方百分之三的损失，另外加上商检费。 There are some different types of claims. 索赔有几种不同的类型。 This is a claim on quality. 这是质量索赔。 This is a claim on shortweight. 这是短重索赔。 This is a claim on delayed shipment. 这是延期装运索赔。
外贸常用英语词汇
外贸常用英语 一、常用名词 舱位申请单/托运单（Booking Note/Form/Sheet） 装货单(Shipping Order, S/O,也称作配载通知，订舱确认单Booking Confirmation) 提货单（Delivery Order, D/O） 一般原产地证明（Certificate of Origin, C/O） 普惠制原产地证明(Generalized System of Preferences Certificate of Origin Form A,又称G.S.P证书，Form A证书） 报关(Customs clearance) 报关单(Customs declaration)、 外贸合同、销售确认书（Sales Confirmation）、采购确认书（Purchased Confirmation） 形式发票(Proforma Invoice)、商业发票(Commercial Invoice )、海关发票(Customs invoice)、 装箱单(Packing List)、重量单（Weight List） 提单（Bill Of Lading）、空运提单(Air Way Bill, AWB）、海运提单（Ocean Bill of Lading） 信用证（Letter Of Credit） 银行保函（Letter of Guarantee, L/G） 汇票（Draft）、本票（Promissory Note）、支票（Cheque, Check） 受益人证明（Beneficiary,s Certificate） 船公司证明（Shipping company’s certificate ） 保险单((Insurance)Policy)、保险凭证(Insurance Certificate) 海运险：平安险（FPA）、水渍险(WPA)、一切险(All Risks) 陆运险：陆运险(Overland Transportation Risks)、陆云一切险(Overland Transportation All Risks) 航空险：空运险(Air Transportation Risks)、空运一切险(Air Transportation All Risks) 邮包险：邮包险(Parcel Post Risks)、邮包一切险(Parcel Post All Risks) 纸箱（Carton, CTN,CTNS）、托盘(Pallet)、木箱(Wooden case)、铁箱（Iron Case）、布包(Bale)、裸装(nude (packed))、木质包装(WOOD PACKING MATERIAL)、无木质包装（NO WOOD PACKING MATERIAL） 唛头（Marks and Nos.） 截补料时间，截文件时间（SI CUT OFF TIME） 进口关税 (import tariff) 增值税(value added tax, VAT) 消费税(consumer tax; consumption tax) 集装箱（Container）、船东柜（Container of Carrier）、货主柜（Shipper Own Container） 整箱（Full Container Load, FCL）、拼箱（Less Than Container Load, LCL） 20英尺货柜（Twenty Equivalent Unit, TEU）、40英尺货柜（Forty Equivalent Unit, FEU） 集装箱货运站（Container Freight Station, CFS） 基本港（Base Port）、非基本港（Non-Base Port） 电汇（T/T, Telegraphic Transfer） 托收（Collection）；付款交单（D/P, Document of Payment）；承兑交单（D/A, Document against Acceptance）二、各类单证中常用词汇 （一）商业发票（commercial invoice ） 出票人（drawer） 受票人（drawee） 运输说明（transport details） 发票号（invoice NO.） 发票日期（invoice date） 合同号（S/C NO.） 信用证号码和日期（L/C NO. and Date） 支付条款（Terms of Payment）
第五版外贸英语函电课后答案
第五版外贸英语函电课后答案 外贸英语函电答案 外贸函电答案 Keys to the exercises Unit 2 3. (1) We are one of the leading importers dealing in electronic products in the area, and take this opportunity to approach you in the hope of establishing business relations. (2) We have been engaged in handling importing and exporting of machinery and equipment for many years, and our products have enjoyed great popularity in many countries. (3) We owe your name and address to the Commercial Counselor’s office of our Embassy in Beijing. (4) We are given to understand that you are a manufacturer of daily chemicals. One of our clients intends to buy cosmetics from your country. We will appreciate it highly if you can airmail the catalogue and the price list of your products available at present. (5) For our credit standing, please refer to the Bank of China, Shanghai Branch. Unit 3 2.
很全的外贸单证中英文互译汇总
很全的外贸单证中英文互译 〔.Commercial invoice 商业发票 2.Proforma invoice 形式发票 3.Received invoice 收讫发票 △.Certificate invoice 证实发票 5.Detailed invoice 详细发票 6.Neutral invoice 中性发票 7.Manufacture invoice 厂家发票 8.Bank ' s invoic M行发票 9.P reliminary /pr ovisional invoice 临时发票 10.Customs invoice 海关发票 ".Consular invoice 领事发票 12.Packing list 装箱单 13.Weight list 重量单 14.Measurement list 尺码单 15.Insurance p oliy 保险单 16.Insurance Certificate 保险凭证 https://www.360docs.net/doc/2717319554.html,bined Insurance Certificate 联合保险凭证 18.Open policy预约保险单 19.Cover note 暂保单 20.Endorsement 批单 21.Certificate oforigin of the Pepo les 'Re中华人民共和国原产地证
22.Generalized system of pr eferences certificate of orgin from A 普惠制产地证
23.1s pection certificate 商检证书 24.Qulity certificate 品质检验证书 25.Quanty certificate 数量检验证书 26.Weight certificate 重量检验证书 27.P hytosanitary certificate 植物检疫证书 28.Veterinary certificate 兽医检验证书 29.Sanitary/Health certificate 卫生/ 健康检验证 书 3O.Disinfection certificate 消毒检验证书 31.Fumigation certificate 熏蒸证书 32.Certificate of analysis 分析证 34.Ex port /import license 进出口许可证 35.S pecial customs invoice 美国海关发票 36.Canada customs invoice 加拿大海关发票 https://www.360docs.net/doc/2717319554.html,bined certificate of value and origin 澳大利亚海关发票 38.From59A certificate of origin for exp ort to Newzealand 新西兰海关发票 39.FromC西非海关发票 40.L/C=letter of credit 信用证 41.Bill of exchange / draft 汇票 42.Beneficiary ' s certificate/statem受i益人证明/寄单证明 43.Booking note托运单/下货纸 44.B/L提单 45.Direct B/L直达提单 46.Transhipment B/L 转运提单 https://www.360docs.net/doc/2717319554.html,bined trans port B/L 联合提单
外贸常用英语词汇
外贸常用英语词汇 1.商品品质数量包装价格 品质条件 品质quality 规格specifications 等级grade 标准standard 样品sample 色彩样品colour sample 款式样品pattern sample 原样original sample 复样duplicate sample 对等样品countersample 参考样品reference sample 封样sealed sample 代表性样品representative sample 商品目录catalogue 宣传小册pamphlet 说明书description 公差tolerance 货号article No. 花色（搭配）assortment 增减5% plus or minus 大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality 数量条件 个数pcs 长度length 面积area 体积volume 容积capacity 净重net weight 毛重gross weight 皮重tare 毛作净gross for net 溢短装条款more or less clause 重量weight 装运重量shipping weight 卸货重量landed weight 理论重量theoretical weight 公吨metric ton 长吨long ton 短吨short ton 公斤kilogram, kilo, kg 磅pound, lb 盎司ounce, oz 件piece 双pair 打dozen 令ream 套set l 立方米cubic meter 升litre 加仑gallon 蒲式耳bushel 公制metric system 英制british system 美制 包装方法 起泡包装blister packing 中性包装neutral packing 吸塑包装skin packing 挂式包装hanging packing 引某人注目catch sb's eye 唛头mark 无牌的包装unlabelled packing 散装in bulk 散装in loose packing 裸装nude packing 整批包装bulk pack 零售包装consumer pack 大包装large packing 小包装inner packing, external packing, end packing ,压缩包装shrunk packaging 喷泡沫包装foam-spary packaging 礼品包装gift-wrap 袋bag, sack 麻袋jute bag 塑料袋polythelene bag, plastic bag 尼龙绳网袋polythelene net 拉链袋zippered bag 箱case, chest 盒box 木箱wooden case 纸箱carton 集装箱container 板条箱rate 纤维板箱fibre board case 小包packet 包bale 捆bundle 罐头tin , can 篮，篓，筐basket 竹篓bamboo basket 瓶bottle 小木桶wooden keg 大桶hogshead 铁桶iron drum 铁桶cylinder
外贸英语函电试卷A(1)
XXXXXXX卷面考核 XXXXXXX 学年第 2 学期期末 《外贸英语函电》（ A ）卷 专业__班级命题教师_ 10分。） 1. We would ______ very much if you send us some samples immediately. a. thank you b. appreciate it c. appreciate d. appreciate you 2. Our products enjoy _______ in the world market. a. most popular b. great popularity c. good seller d. selling fast 3. We are _______ a copy of our catalog for your reference. a. send b. covering c. closed d. enclosing 4. The letter we sent last week is an enquiry ________ color TV sets. a. about b. for c. of d. as 5. This chemical is made ________ a special formula. a. from b. according to c. of d. in 6. We ______ your terms satisfactory and now send you our order for 2 sets of 《（国际经贸函电）》试题（A卷）第1页共7页
外贸英语函电第五版答案
Unit 2 1.C D B B B B D C B B 2.(1) regards, say (2) specialized, with (3) with, by (4) If, interesting, enquiry (5)available (6)popularity (7) finances,to (8) compliance 3. (1) 我公司是该地区电子产品的主要进口商之一，我们借此机会与贵方接洽，希望与贵方建立贸易关系。 We are one of the leading importers dealing in electronic products in the area, and take this opport unity to approach you in the hope of establishing business relations. (2) 我公司经营机械设备的进出口业务已多年，我们的产品在许多国家享有盛誉。 We have been engaged in handling importing and exporting of machinery and equipment for many years, and our products have enjoyed great popularity in many countries. (3) 承我国驻北京大使馆商务参赞处介绍，得知你公司的姓名、地址。 We owe your name and address to the Commercial Counselor’s office of our Embassy in Beijing. (4) 我们了解到你们是日用化学品制造商。我们有一客户想要购买贵国化妆品，如能立即航寄目前所能供之货的目录及价格表，我们将不胜感激。 We are given to understand that you are a manufacturer of daily chemicals. One of our clients inte nds to buy cosmetics from your country. We will appreciate it highly if you can airmail the catalog ue and the price list of your products available at present. (5) 有关我们的资信情况，请向中国银行上海分行查询。 For our credit standing, please refer to the Bank of China, Shanghai Branch. Unit 3 1.B B B B A D D C B A 2. 1. 请报你方最优惠的上海到岸价，包括我方3%佣金。 Pease quote us your best price CIF Shanghai, inclusive of our 3% commission. 2. 如果你方价格有竞争力的话，我们打算订购30万码棉布。 Should your price be found competitive, we intend to place with you an order for 300,000 yards of Cotton Cloth. 3. 我方有一家客户对贵国琴岛海尔电冰箱感兴趣，请电开400台伦敦到岸价4月船期的报盘。 One of our customers is now interested in the Qingdao Haier Refrigerator made in your country. P lease offer CIF London for 400 sets to be delivered in April. 4. 为了方便你方了解我方的产品，我们立即航寄样品数量分。 To enable you to have a better understanding of our products, we are sending you by air 5 copies o f our catalogue and 2 sample books. 5. 为答复你方4月28日询价，随函寄去我方最新价目单以供参考。 In reply to your enquiry dated April 28, we are now sending you our latest price list for your refere nce. 3．Dear Sirs, We learn from a friend in Shenzhen that you are exporting light industrial products, especially elec tric appliances. There is a steady demand here for the above-mentioned commodities of high qualit y at moderate prices. Will you please send us a copy of your catalogue, with details of your prices and terms of payment . We should find it most helpful if you could also supply samples of these goods. Yours faithfully, 4. Dear Sirs, RE: Haier Refrigerator We are in the market for refrigerators. Please send us your latest catalogue and details of your spec ifications, informing us of your price CIF Guangzhou, please also state your earliest possible deliv ery date, your terms of payment, and discount for regular purchase. If your prices prove reasonabl e and satisfactory, we shall soon place a large order with you. Yours faithfully, 5. Dear Sirs,
外贸英语中英互译总汇：询盘
外贸英语中英互译总汇：询盘 Heavy enquiries witness the quality of our products. 大量询盘证明我们产品质量过硬。 As soon as the price picks up, enquiries will revive. 一旦价格回升，询盘将恢复活跃。 Enquiries for carpets are getting more numerous. 对地毯的询盘日益增加。 Enquiries are so large that we can only than allot you 200 cases. 询盘如此之多，我们只能分给你们200箱货。 Enquiries are dwindling. 询盘正在减少。 Generally speaking, inquiries are made by the buyers. 询盘一般由买方发出。 Mr. Baker is sent to Beijing to make an inquiry at China National Textiles Corporation. 贝克先生来北京向中国纺织公司进行询价。 We regret that the goods you inquire about are not available. 很遗憾，你们所询的货物现在无货。 To make an inquiry about our oranges, a representative of the Japanese company paid us a visit. 为了对我们的橙子询价，那家日本公司的一名代表访问了我们。 We cannot take care of your enquiry at present. 我们现在无力顾及你方的询盘。 Your enquiry is too vague to enable us to reply you.
外贸常用英语词汇大全(进出口贸易)
出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping 外汇倾销exchange dumping 优惠关税special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse 贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone 对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade 普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT
价格条件 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment
折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight 交货条件
外贸英语函电试卷及标准答案
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纺织品专业词汇翻译中英文对照表纺织品braided fabric编织物 deformation变形；走样 fast colours不褪色；色泽牢固 punch work抽绣 embroidery刺绣品 acetate fibre醋酯纤维 hemp大麻 damp proof防潮 sanforizing, pre-shrunk防缩 textiles纺织品 crochet钩编编织物 gloss, lustre光泽 synthetic fibre合成纤维 chemical fibre化学纤维 jutexx gunny cloth (bag)黄麻布（袋） mixture fabric, blend fabric混纺织物 woven fabric机织织物 spun silk绢丝 linenxx织物
woolen fabrics毛织物（品）cotton textiles棉纺织品cotton velvet棉绒 cotton fabrics棉织物（品）non-crushable耐绉的viscose acetal fibre黏胶纤维rayon fabrics人造丝织物artificial fibre人造纤维crewel work绒线刺绣mulberry silk桑蚕丝,家蚕丝silk fabrics丝织物 silk spinning丝纺 linen cambric手帕亚麻纱plain素色 figured silk提花丝织物jacquard提花织物 applique embroidery贴花刺绣discolourization褪色 mesh fabric网眼织物bondedfibre fabric无纺织物embroidered fabric绣花织物
(完整)外贸常用英语词汇大全,推荐文档
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标点符号 外贸包装英语 中英住址对照
标点符号的读法．period 句号 ，comma 逗号 ：colon 冒号 ；semicolon 分号 ！exclamation 惊叹号 ？question mark 问号 ￣hyphen 连字符 'apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号 —dash 破折号 … ?single quotation marks 单引号 “ ”double quotation marks 双引号 ( )parentheses 圆括号 [ ]square brackets 方括号 《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号 ...ellipsis 省略号 ¨tandem colon 双点号 "ditto 同上 ‖parallel 双线号 ／virgule 斜线号 ＆ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 §section; division 分节号 →arrow 箭号；参见号 ＋plus 加号；正号 －minus 减号；负号 ±plus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by 乘号 ÷is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠is not equ al to 不等于号 ≡is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than 大于号 ≮is not less than 不小于号 ≯is not more than 不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 ％per cent 百分之… ‰per mill 千分之… ∞infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例
外贸常用英语词汇.
外贸常用英语词汇 商品品质数量包装价格 品质条件 品质quality 规格specifications 等级grade 标准standard 样品sample 色彩样品colour sample 款式样品pattern sample 原样original sample 复样duplicate sample 对等样品countersample 参考样品reference sample 封样sealed sample 代表性样品representative sample 商品目录catalogue 宣传小册pamphlet 说明书description 公差tolerance 货号article No. 花色(搭配assortment 增减5% plus or minus 大路货(良好平均品质fair average quality 数量条件 个数number 长度length 面积area 体积volume 容积capacity 净重net weight 毛重gross weight 皮重tare 毛作净gross for net 溢短装条款more or less clause 重量weight 装运重量shipping weight 卸货重量landed weight 理论重量theoretical weight 公吨metric ton 长吨long ton 短吨short ton 公斤kilogram, kilo, kg 磅pound, lb 盎司ounce, oz
件piece 双pair 打dozen 令ream 套set l 立方米cubic meter 升litre 加仑gallon 蒲式耳bushel 公制metric system 英制british system 美制U.S.System 包装方法 起泡包装blister packing 中性包装neutral packing 吸塑包装skin packing 挂式包装hanging packing 引某人注目catch sb's eye 唛头mark 无牌的包装unlabelled packing 散装in bulk 散装in loose packing 裸装nude packing 整批包装bulk pack 零售包装consumer pack 大包装large packing 小包装inner packing, external packing, end packing ,压缩包装shrunk packaging 喷泡沫包装foam-spary packaging 礼品包装gift-wrap 袋bag, sack 麻袋jute bag 塑料袋polythelene bag, plastic bag 尼龙绳网袋polythelene net 拉链袋zippered bag 箱case, chest 盒box 木箱wooden case 纸箱carton 集装箱container 板条箱rate 纤维板箱fibre board case 小包packet 包bale 捆bundle 罐头tin , can 篮,篓,筐basket 竹篓bamboo basket 瓶bottle 小木桶wooden keg 大桶hogshead 铁桶iron drum 铁桶cylinder 琵琶桶barrel 圆桶drum