英语新闻报道的结构
Structure of English News__ Reporting
Structure of English News Reporting (英语新闻报道的结构)1 What makes news?（新闻的构成特点）---- proximity 接近性，地域性----- prominence 重要性，显著性-----timeliness 及时性，实效性-----impact 影响，效果-----conflict and controversy 冲突和争议性-----uniqueness 独特性---human interest 人情味（报纸杂志新闻中）2 the components of news英语新闻报道在写作形式上和中文新闻报道可以说完全不一样，通常采用“倒金字塔”结构，即新闻写作按照新闻事件的重要性依次排列。
A news story may include:（1）Headline 标题（4）Dateline 电头(可省略)（2）Lead 导语（3）The body 主体（5）The closing paragraph （可省略）Most news stories have a very clear style. They give the main points at the top in the headline and the lead paragraph. The body of the story then adds details, statements and comments from people involved in the story, plus any background the writer feels in necessary.3 Headline (大写标题) （Phrase headline；Sentence headline）揭示新闻内容的简明醒目的文字,是新闻内容的概括U.S. ATTACKED (from New York Times)A Day of Terror (Washington Post)Day of Terror (The Dallas Morning News)Terror Strikes Heart of US (From China Daily)A headline is a sentence, phrase, word, or group of words set in large, bold type on a newspaper front page or above a body of text on any page of a newspaper or magazine. The purpose of a headline is to attract attention and usually to encourage the reading of the following copy. Headlines may be written in bold, and are written in a much larger size than the article text. Headline conventions include normally using present tense, omitting forms of the verb “to be” in certain contexts, and removing short articles like “a” and “the”.Headlines pack a great deal of information into a limited space, so a good headline is usually simple and direct.France boosting U.N. troops--- France will send a total of 2,000 soldiers for the UN peacekeeping force in Lebanon.Air marshals to casual------- Air marshal will be allowed to dress the way they want.(1) Sentence headlines and phrase headlinesThere are two types of headlines. Some news stories use sentence headlines while others are shortened by omitting certain words.Sentence headlines:Apple Recalls Laptop BatteriesFrance Will Send Troops To Southern LebanonPluto’s demotion rocks our worldFire damages a famous landmark in Russia9 Die in Hostage CrisisChina revises criminal law1/2 disagree inheritance taxPhrase headlines:New Call For Ban On Junk Food AdsExtinction of 31 Bird Species PreventedArmy Reviewing Casualty ReportsA Thaw between India and ChinaPlastic Surgeries Urged 整容手术受鼓励(2) The function of news headlines: hint, lead attract, beautify提示（hint）、导向（lead）、吸引（attract）、美化（beautify）（3）Grammatical and lexical characteristics of news headlinesEllipsis; tense; voice; abbreviations and acronyms; extensive use of nouns and midget words; punctuation; rhetoric devicesA Ellipsis(省略)A headline may------ omit articles (a, an, the) as much as possible------ omit the verb “to be” wherever possible----- omit the auxiliary verbs-----omit the possessive pronouns------ omit the conjunctions, e.g. andPlane Crash Kills 18 on board (A plane crash kills 18 on board)Forecast of Turkey earthquake accurate(The forecast of Turkey earthquake is accurate)China, France set up partnership(China and France set up partnership)China: an Engine for RecoveryEgypt to turn desert into parks (Egypt is to turn desert into parks)Global environmental protection to be discussed in London (Global environmental protection is to be discussed in London)Lushan (is) listed on World HeritageSuccessful launching (is) applaudedJapan’s run for UN (is) criticized人称代词和语法引导词的省略Teenager kills (his) father(Is there) cure for cancer?B Tense (时态)Most headlines use the present tense despite the fact that they generally describe past events. The present tense gives the subject a sense of freshness and immediacy, making it more interesting to read. It can give prominence to the happened event, shortening the distance between the readers and the reading object. The present tense used in press i s called “journalistic present tense ”（1）Killer bees injure 60 at burialMexico city-killer bees disrupted the burial of a man in the western Mexican state of Nayarit on Tuesday and stung 60 people, official news agency Notimex reported…….(2) Iran arrests 98 policemenTeheran-Iranian security forces have arrested 98 policemen for their role in a brutal raid on a student dormitory which led to riots in the capital last month, Iran’s police chief said in remarks published yesterday……(3) PLA speeds technical innovationThe Chinese army is developing new technology for its battle tanks to allow them to go through water to improve their use as assault vehicles.(4) Charity party raises RMB 130mBut when the time of the action or event is given, or when the writer wants to convey a special affection, the past tense is sometimes used.Oil Price Soared 20% in OctoberChang Hsueh-liang passed away in USIn phrase headlines, infinitives are sometimes used to indicate a future action or event and present participles used to indicate an action or event that is under wayMore rural Chinese to benefit(will benefit) from basic living allowance systemEurope to send(will send) thousands of troops to Lebanon（1）Efforts to promote standard ChineseChina has launched a survey on the utilization of the Chinese language and characters across the country in an effort to promote the use of standard Chinese, or Putonghua.Arafat to meet opposition leaderRamallah. West Bank-Palestinian President Yasser Arafat will hold reconciliation talks this month with a leader of the Damascus-based radical group, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), a DFLP official said.Success of Tokyo will benefit HKHONG KONG (Xinhua)---- Hong Kong will benefit from the emergence of Tokyo as a financial centre in Asia, said a senior vice president of the Bank of America.(2) Promoting high-techBeijing customs is taking active steps to promote Zhongguancun High-tech development area. East Asia’s tourism recovering from crisisMANILA (Xinhua)---- After being severe ly hit by a financial crisis, East Asia’s tourism industry is beginning to pick up, and the pace is expected to quicken in the months ahead with the regional economy continuously turning around.C Voice (语态)一般来说，英文报纸标题偏于采用主动语态，。
新闻报道英语作文
新闻报道英语作文格式1.新闻通讯的第一句往往为全文的中心句(topic sentence),因此这个句子中主要讲清what (事件), when (时间), where (地点) 和who (人物),而在下文则要补充事件的过程和细节,往往包括why(目的或原因)和how(具体过程)等。
2.注意新闻类型题材的一些常用语,如It is reported that..., As is reported..., According to the report...; It is estimated that...等。
3.新闻通讯亦为记叙文，时态一般要用过去时，注意句子结构；主句，从句结构要清晰，语言要客观平时，不必追求过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。
新闻报道英语作文题目与范文一、假设你是一名新闻记者，请根据以下表格信息给英语报社写一篇新闻报道。
【写作内容】A possible version：The H1N1 flu broke out in Mexico in April this year and it has spread quickly to many countries in the world. To our disappointment, by the afternoon on August 30 , 80 confirmed cases of H1N1 flu had been reported in a school in He’nan province,resulting in the fact that all the middle schools there had to delay the new term. Fortun ately, it is estimated by the experts that the death rate of the H1N1 flu virus is lower than 1%, still lower when compared with that of SARS and bird flu. The best way they give the public to prevent it is to wash hands more often,drink more water and have enough sleep.With the help of our government, we believe that we are able to win the battle against the disease.二、大河中学(Dahe High School)近期举行了一次登山活动。
英语新闻倒金字塔结构
英语新闻倒金字塔结构
新闻报道的倒金字塔结构（Inverted Pyramid Structure）是一种常见的新闻写作方式，它将最重要的信息放在文章开头，然后逐渐向下展开，呈现逐渐细节化的内容。
下面是英语新闻倒金字塔结构的基本要点：
1. 标题（Headline）：标题应简明扼要地概括新闻内容，吸引读者的注意力。
2. 引导段（Lead Paragraph）：引导段是新闻报道的开头部分，也是最重要的部分。
它通常回答了谁、什么、在哪里、何时和为什么这些基本问题，并提供了关键信息。
引导段的目的是吸引读者继续阅读。
3. 主体段落（Body Paragraphs）：接下来的几个段落会逐渐展开并提供更多细节。
这些段落按照重要性递减的顺序组织，每个段落都包含一个独立的主题或事件，并提供相关的细节和背景信息。
4. 支撑性细节（Supporting Details）：在主体段落中，逐步提供支撑性细节，如事件的过程、涉及的人物、相关背景信息等。
这些细节有助于读者更好地理解新闻报道的背景和全貌。
5. 结尾段（Conclusion）：新闻报道的结尾段通常是较少重要的细节和背景信息，可以提供一些额外的信息或观点，或总结整个新闻报道。
倒金字塔结构的好处在于它能够迅速传递新闻的核心信息，读者可以通过阅读开头的引导段了解到最重要的内容，即使读者只阅读了开头部分，也能够获取到关键信息。
这种结构也适合于新闻报道的编辑和截取，方便在有限的版面上进行调整。
需要注意的是，倒金字塔结构并非适用于所有类型的新闻报道。
对于某些特定的报道，如故事性报道或调查性报道，可能会采用其他结构和写作方式。
英语新闻报道的结构
lead英语新闻报道的结构
• 硬新闻关系到国计民生以及人们切身利益 的新闻。包括党和国家的重大方针、政策的 制定和改变，时局变化，市场行情，股市涨 落，银根松紧，疾病流行，天气变化，重大 灾难事故等等。这类新闻为人们的政治、经 济、工作、日常生活的决策提供依据。
• Soft news is a term for all the news that isn’t time-sensitive（时效性）, including profiles of
• This upside down triangle serves as a guide for how you include information in the story.
• Using the inverted pyramid means starting with the most important information, then giving the next most important information and so on.
• DENVER, Colorado (AP) A lightning strike at a golf course driving range Saturday killed a man and injured his 16-year-old son, a fire department spokeswoman said
A. Identify news categories
• the nature of the reported events 1. hard news 2. soft news
• Hard news is how journalists refer to news of the day. It is a chronicle of current events / incidents and is the most common type of news printed on the front page of a typical newspaper.
新闻英语写作结构
新闻英语写作结构
1.标题（Headline）：标题是新闻的第一眼吸引读者的部分，要简洁
明了，能够概括新闻要点并引发读者的兴趣。
2.导语（Lead）：导语是新闻开篇的几句话，用来引导读者进入新闻
的主题和内容。
导语通常包括新闻的最关键、最重要的信息，要简洁明了，展示新闻的独特价值。
3.正文（Body）：正文是新闻报道的主要内容，包括了事件经过、相
关细节、见解和观点等。
正文需要遵循倒三角原则，即先交代最重要的信息，然后逐步展开，最后补充次要细节。
4.引用（Quote）：引用是新闻中的直接引述，用来展示新闻事件的
各方观点和陈述。
引用要准确、客观，不对原意进行扭曲或歪曲。
5.背景（Background）：背景部分是对新闻事件的背景信息进行阐述，包括相关历史、政治、经济、文化等方面的背景知识。
背景信息有助于读
者对新闻事件有更全面的了解和认知。
7.注脚（Footnote）：注脚部分是对新闻中的一些专有名词、术语、
数据等进行解释和注解的地方，帮助读者更好地理解新闻内容。
除了以上基本结构，新闻英语写作还需要遵循以下一些原则：
2.客观性（Objectivity）：新闻报道应该客观中立，不带个人偏见
和立场，尽量以客观的角度呈现事件，让读者自行判断。
3.简洁性（Conciseness）：新闻报道要简洁明了，避免冗长的叙述
和重复的表达。
语言要简练、清晰，让读者能够迅速理解新闻内容。
4.新闻价值（News Value）：新闻报道应该具有一定的新闻价值，即能够引发读者的兴趣和关注。
新闻价值包括时效性、接近性、冲突性、人情味等方面。
英语新闻报道的结构PPT课件
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• 软新闻：人情味较浓的社会新闻（社会花 边新闻、娱乐新闻、体育新闻、服务性新闻 等），形式上通俗，注重趣味性。它没有明 确的时间界定，多属于延缓性新闻，无时间 的紧迫性。它和人们的切身利益无多大关 系，向受众提供娱乐、开阔眼界、增长知 识、陶冶情操。
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• the content of the reported events
2. News is anything timely that interests a number of persons, and the best news is that which has the greatest interest of the greatest number. 凡是及时的、能引起一部分人兴趣的东西, 便是新 闻。而最好的新闻则是那种能够激起最大多数人最 大兴趣的东西。
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• the issuing medium of the reported events
e.g. print news, broadcast news, TV news, online news, etc.
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B. Identify news styles
There are mainly four news styles which are (1) news reporting (消息报道 ) (2) feature (特写) (3)editorial (社论) (4)advertisement (广告)
英语新闻倒三角结构范文
英语新闻倒三角结构范文英语新闻通常采用倒三角结构，也称为倒金字塔结构，其特点是将最重要的信息首先呈现，然后按照重要性递减的顺序逐步展开。
以下是一篇符合倒三角结构的英语新闻范文：Major Earthquake Hits California, Causing Widespread DamageA powerful earthquake rocked California early morning today, causing significant damage and leaving residents in shock. The tremor, measured at a magnitude of 7.4 on the Richter scale, struck at approximately 3:45 a.m. local time.The epicenter of the earthquake was located near the town of San Juan, where several buildings collapsed and roads were severely damaged. Initial reports indicate that several injuries have been reported, but no fatalities have been confirmed at this time.Emergency services are on the scene, working to rescue trapped residents and provide medical assistance to the injured. The Red Cross has also set up shelters for those displaced by the disaster.The earthquake has disrupted power supplies in several areas, and phone lines are also down in some parts of the region. Officials are urging residents to stay indoors and avoid damaged areas until further notice.The National Earthquake Information Center is monitoring the situation and expects aftershocks to continue in the coming hours. Residents are advised to remain vigilant and prepared for further tremors.This earthquake is the latest in a series of seismic events that have occurred in California in recent years, highlighting the need for continued vigilance and preparation for such disasters.这篇新闻首先以标题突出了最重要的信息——加利福尼亚州发生大地震。
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5. If a dog bites a man, it is not news; if a man bites a dog, it's (big) news. 狗咬人并非新闻，人咬狗才是（大）新闻。 ……
News is an account of what is happening around us. It may involve current events, new initiative or ongoing projects or issues. But news is not only about what’s taking place of the day, it also concerns background analysis, opinions, human interest stories, etc.
Who is involved? Who made a scientific discovery? Who’s speaking at a forum? Who made the donation? Who organized the new staff group? (Not just names, but titles and brief backgrounds if necessary.)
• 硬新闻关系到国计民生以及人们切身利益 的新闻。包括党和国家的重大方针、政策的 制定和改变，时局变化，市场行情，股市涨 落，银根松紧，疾病流行，天气变化，重大 灾难事故等等。这类新闻为人们的政治、经 济、工作、日常生活的决策提供依据。
Байду номын сангаас
• Soft news is a term for all the news that isn’t time-sensitive, including profiles of people, programs or organizations, etc.
Why is the story newsworthy? Tell readers why they should care. Who will be affected by this news and how? In other words, what distinguishes the story or event from others? How usually describes the manner in which the action occurs.
e.g. economic news, political news. Sports news, entertainment news, technology news, obituary, etc. • the region of the reported events e.g. international news, domestic news, local news, etc.
• By EMMA ROSS, AP Medical Writer BANGKOK, Thailand-Asia’s bird flu death toll rose to 12 with the announcement Monday of two additional deaths, while China said it suspected the virus has reached poultry in one of its most remote corners • When Monday, • Where Thailand • What Bird flu death toll rose to 12 • Who Thailand and China
• NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Teenagers who spend 3 hours a day or more in front of the television are at risk of developing sleeping problem later in life, new research reports. • Who Teenagers • What Teenagers may develop sleep problems • When Later in their life • How • Spending three hours or more in front of TV
A. Identify news categories
• the nature of the reported events 1. hard news 2. soft news
• Hard news is how journalists refer to news of the day. It is a chronicle of current events / incidents and is the most common type of news printed on the front page of a typical newspaper.
B. The 5 “W’s” and the H News articles, especially a hard news story, always include the essentials—who, what, where, when, why and how. Good news writing attempts to answer all the basic questions about any particular event in the first two or three paragraphs.
3. News is any event, idea or opinion that is timely, that interests or affects a large number of people in a community and that is capable of being understood by them. 新闻是指人们能及时获悉的事件、观点或见解， 它能吸引或影响社会上的许多人，并能为他们所 理解。 4. News is the reporting of anything timely which has importance, use, or interest to a considerable number of persons in a publication audience. 新闻是对任何事物的及时报道，对于读者群体中 的许多人来说，这类报道具有重要性、实用性或 趣味性。
• DENVER, Colorado (AP) A lightning strike at a golf course driving range Saturday killed a man and injured his 16-year-old son, a fire department spokeswoman said • When Saturday • Where At a golf course • Who A man and his son • What Lightning killed the man and injured his son
新闻导语是新闻报道开头的第一段文字，也是最重 要的部分，通常是标题的展开形式，记者必须把新 闻时间的主要情节用一两句化概括在新闻导语的第 一段里。这是新闻报道的精华所在。按照新闻报道 的要求，导语尽可能回答５个Ｗ和一个Ｈ即Ｗhat （何事）、Ｗho（何人）、Ｗhere（何地）、Ｗhy （为何）和Ｈow（如何）。这个观点曾被西方新闻 界视为金科玉律，但是由于新闻导语趋于愈来愈 短，因此，新闻导语现在一般未必包含所有的新闻 要素，而是突出其中最重要的新闻要素，其他要素 可放在以下的段落。
• the issuing medium of the reported events e.g. print news, broadcast news, TV news, online news, etc.
B. Identify news styles
There are mainly four news styles which are
• 软新闻：人情味较浓的社会新闻（社会花 边新闻、娱乐新闻、体育新闻、服务性新闻 等），形式上通俗，注重趣味性。它没有明 确的时间界定，多属于延缓性新闻，无时间 的紧迫性。它和人们的切身利益无多大关 系，向受众提供娱乐、开阔眼界、增长知 识、陶冶情操。
• the content of the reported events
• In a soft news story , however , the lead should present the subject of the story by allusion (暗示; 引喻 ) . This type of opening is somewhat literary (文学的 ). Like a novelist (小说家) , the role of the writer is to grab the attention of the reader.
What is the nature of the news story or event? Is it about a scientific discovery, an economic conference, a delivered speech, a heavy flood or casualty in the Middle East? Where is the news or event taking place? When will (or did) the event take place? What time and date is the event, or when will someone be available for an interview if needed?