中考英语名词复习教案

中考英语名词复习教案
中考英语名词复习教案

中考英语名词专题复习教案

一、教学目标

1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。

2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。

二、考查重点

1. 可数名词与不可数名词

2. 名词的单数与复数名词所有格

3. 名词用法以及词义辨析

三、两课时

四、教学过程

名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。

普通名词????? 可数名词????? 个体名词:chair ,book 集体名词:people ,family

不可数名词????? 物质名词:rain ,ice ,sunshine 抽象名词:love ,knowledge 专有名词:

1.表示人名 如:Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao

2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing

3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称,如:

Sunday Monday Tuesday January February

4.表示中外节日:

国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s Day Women’s Day

中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day National Day

西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节)Father’s Day Mother’s Day Saint Valen tine’s Day(情人节)

5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称,它们往往缩写,如:

CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN IT

NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP

1.drink---coffee, milk,tea…

2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge, tofu,…

3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…

4.weather---rain,snow,ice,clo ud,wind…

5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass, plastic

名词单数的表达一般可用a ,an ,one 来修饰 注:a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book ,* an English book ,* an hour 。

名词的复数形式

1.规则变化

(1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/

* dog – dogs * book – books

(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/

*box – boxes *watch – watches

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/

* country – countries

* factory – factories

请区别:如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”

* boy – boys holiday-holidays

* monkey – monkeys

(4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/

* half – halves * shelf – shelves

* knife – knives * leaf – leaves

特殊:belief---beliefs

特殊:roof---roofs

(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato,tomato,hero除外

* piano – pianos * zoo – zoos

radio-radios bamboo--bamboos

2.不规则变化

(1)单复数同形

Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep–sheep

(2)变元音字母oo为ee

tooth – teeth foot – feet

(3).变man为men

man – men woman – women

policeman – policemen

Frenchman – Frenchmen

请区别:German(德国人) – Germans

(“中日”不变“英法”变,其余s加后面)

(4).常以复数形式出现的名词

people clothes shoes

trousers glasses

这些名词作主语时,注意它们的谓语用复数

* My clothes are newer than yours.

3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及how many,many,a few,few,any,lots of, a lot of ,some等修饰

*There are a few people in the park.

*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?

1.Several _____ are talking under the tree.And they are talking about______.

A.woman; children B.woman; child

C.women; children

2. There are three in my family.

A. people

B. person

C. child

3. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day.

A. Germans

B. Germen

C. Germany

D. Germanies

4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______.

A. sheeps; knifes

B. sheeps; knife

C. sheep; knives

D. sheep; knife

5. There are four_______and two_______in the group.

A. Japanese,Germen

B. Japaneses,Germen

C. Japanese,German

D. Japanese,Germans

★不可数名词

物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water,rice,fish,meat 等。

work chalk time space music

money weather homework

wood information news medicine

1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数

*Some bread is over there.

*No news is good news.

2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰,常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any,plenty of 等修饰

*They had much money.

*He does little housework at home.

* a rice (X) two bread (X)

巩固练习:

(1)一茶杯茶(2)一块冰

(3)两公斤肉(4)五瓶橘汁

(5)半公斤鸡肉(6)许多瓶牛奶

4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化,同一个词,但意思不同

glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) work(工作) – a work(著作) time(时间) – times(次数)

1. Please give me ______ paper.

A. one

B. a pieces

C. a piece

D. a piece of

2. This table is made of_______.

A. many glass

B. some glasses

C. glasses

D. glass

3. —What can I do for you, sir?

—I'd like two_________.

A.bottle of milk

B.bottles of milks

C.bottles of milk

D.bottle of milks

4. We can do the work better with______money and

________ people.

A. less, fewer

B. fewer, less

C. little, little

D. few, few

1.当people, class, family, team, group, public, police 等集体名词做主语时,如果看

成一个整体,动词就用单数;看成一个个具体成员时,就用复数。

2. e.g The class are waiting for her.

3.Tom’s family _____ rather big. Tom’s family _________ film fans.

4.news, maths, politics 表示单数意义,动词用单数。

e.g The news makes her very happy.

Maths ___ not easy for him.

名词所有格

表示名词间的所有关系“…的”

一.名词所有格的构成方法

1.一般情况下,在有生命的名词后加“’s”

Kangkang’s father Lucy’s book

2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“’”即可

Teachers’ office The Greens’ house

3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s”

* Children’ s Day * men’ s shoes

4.无生命名词的所有关系用of *a picture of the classroom

加名词,构成所属关系的短语

*the color of the wall

双重所有格

1. June 1st is ____Day. All the Children enjoy it very much.

A. Children

B. Childrens’

C. Children’s

D. Child

2. The two bedroom are the ____.

A. twins

B. twin’s C .twins’ D. twin s

5.如果事物为2人或2人以上共同所有,

在最后一个名词后加-’s;

6.如果事物不是2人或2人共同所有,而是分别有的,则在2个名词

后都加-’s

6. Lucy is ____ sister.

A. Mary and Jack

B. Mary’s and Jack’s

C. Mary and Jacks

D. Mary and Jack’s

7. 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生

命的东西,也可以加-‘s 构成所有格

?重难点突破

8. It’s ____from our school to my home.

A. ten minutes’ walk

B. ten minute’s walk

C. ten minute walk

D. ten minutes walk

1 广东的省会the capital of Guangdong

2 教室的门the doors of the classroom

3 我父亲的一个朋友a friend of my father’s

4 他的两个兄弟two brothers of his

5 爱迪生的一些发明some inventions of Edison’s

6 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)a picture of his brother’s

7 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)a picture of his brother

名词的用法

1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数

* There are three banana trees over there.

2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致

*We need a man teacher.

*They are all women workers.

3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式

*a sports star *a clothes shop

小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因

1.Our hospital needs two___doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a

try.

A. women

B. man

C.woman

D. men

小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因

1.Our hospital needs two___doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a

try.

A. women

B. man

C.woman

D. men

名词所有格的几个注意点

可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略

* my aunt’s ( home)(我姑姑家)

* go to the teachers’ ( office)

(去老师办公室)

1 . Could you please get me some ________? I’m hungry.

A. apple

B. water

C. bread

D. egg

2. Something is wrong with my___. I can’t see any thing around me.

A. nose

B. ears

C. eyes

D. mouth

3. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many ______ in it.

A. flowers

B. grass

C. villages

D. water

4. --- How far is your cousin’s home from here?

--- It’s about two ______ drive.

A. hour’s

B. hours

C. hours’

D. hour

5. Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite ______

A. worker

B. teacher

C. dancer

D. player

6.All the ______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th,because it was their own holiday.

A.man B. men C. woman D. women

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