2015年5月catti笔译三实务英译汉及答案
5月三级笔译实务试题及答案
2016年5月三级笔译实务试题及答案(总4页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--2016年5月三级笔译真题及答案英译汉部分Old people in Widou Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now, miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere, but hardly any dried grass is.Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region.“The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,” Mr. Boetsch said in an interview. “The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”Since 2008, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great Green proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a 15 kilometer-wide, 7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert. While many countries have still to start on their sections of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead, with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,” Col. Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in an interview here. Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology, medicine and anthropology. “In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,” the colonel said. Each year since 2008, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting. In August, 1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants, allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry season sets in.After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2008 are up to three meters, or 10 feet, tall. So far, 30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000 hectares this summer.There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France, who has placed 30 sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,” Professor Peiry said in aninterview. “The transpiration of the trees creates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.” “The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, reducing the dust, and acting like a large rough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,” he added. Wildlife is responding to the changes. “Migratory birds are reappearing,” Mr. Boetsch said.The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achieved its independence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals, tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.【参考译文】在蒂昂戈利(Thiengoly)，老人们常说起过去树木繁多、遮天蔽日的景象。
2015上半年CATTI三级笔译真题及参考答案
2015上半年CATTI三级笔译真题及参考答案——英译汉Section1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Forgenerations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch ofeastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiledunderground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that windstoward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with theslogan “Coal =Jobs.”犹他州东部有一个矿产丰富的小镇，那里的人们祖祖辈辈都以采煤为生。
一提起在地下辛苦采煤时的情景，每个家庭总是倍感骄傲。
街道两旁的煤炭供应公司一个挨着一个。
在通往矿井的蜿蜒小路上方的广告牌上，一个满脸炭灰的矿工凝视着远方，旁边的标语写着“煤炭=工作”。
Butrecently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant,tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricterfederal pollution regulations.但是最近，小镇的人们心里充满了恐惧。
联邦政府新颁布了一套更为严格的污染管理条例，这使得小镇附近峡谷之中的一家美国最古老的燃煤电厂频临倒闭。
As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.由于能源公司纷纷弃用煤炭，转而使用更清洁、更廉价的天然气，小镇的人们越来越害怕，他们的家园可能很快就会人去楼空。
英语笔译三级参考答案
英语笔译三级参考答案一、翻译理论基础1. 翻译的定义：翻译是将一种语言的文本转换成另一种语言的过程，同时保持原文的意义和风格。
2. 翻译的标准：忠实性、通顺性和可读性是翻译的三个基本标准。
3. 翻译的类型：直译和意译是两种基本的翻译方法，直译注重字面意义的转换，意译注重整体意义的传达。
4. 翻译的过程：翻译通常包括理解、转换和表达三个阶段。
二、翻译技巧1. 词汇层面的翻译技巧：包括同义词替换、反义词使用、词汇的增减等。
2. 句子结构的翻译技巧：包括调整语序、合并或拆分句子等。
3. 语篇层面的翻译技巧：包括保持原文的连贯性、逻辑性和文体特征。
4. 文化差异的处理：注意文化背景的差异，适当进行文化适应性调整。
三、实际翻译练习练习一：英译汉原文：The novel, with its intricate plot and well-drawn characters, has captivated readers for generations.参考译文：这部小说以其错综复杂的情节和栩栩如生的人物，吸引了几代读者。
练习二：汉译英原文：随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。
参考译文：With the advancement of technology, people's lifestyles have undergone earth-shattering changes.四、翻译实践段落翻译原文：In the heart of the city, there stands an ancienttemple that has witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties. Its walls are adorned with intricate carvings that tell storiesof the past.参考译文：在城市的中心，矗立着一座古老的寺庙，它见证了朝代的兴衰。
CATTI三级口译实务真题汇总（2015-2018年）
CATTI三级口译实务真题汇总（2015-2018年）CATTI三级口译实务真题汇总2018年5月CATTI三级口译实务真题回忆版Part 1 Dialogue Interpreting我看到一所学校门口聚集了很多的人，还有警察在维持秩序，很多焦急的家长在等待，发生了什么事？这是中国的高考，就是每年六月份在全国范围内举行的大型考试。
我听说过这个考试。
在美国，我们也有类似的考试，不过我们可以至少考两次，而且可以用最好的成绩去申请大学。
但是，中国的高考好像很有竞争性。
是的，高考竞争性非常大。
对有高中生的家庭来说，高考是一件非常重要的事，全家都会为此准备。
他们甚至在考试前一天就到考场附近租旅馆住。
我听说中国南方有一所非常有名的高中叫毛坦厂中学，有中国高考工厂之称，里面有很多去年落榜的复习生。
虽然高考非常具有竞争性，但在中国，无论你身份、地位如何，是否有钱，高考都非常重要。
对中国千百万人的年轻人来说，高考是进入大学最公平的途径。
Part 2 English to Chinese Interpreting（以下为中文回忆版内容）爱尔兰因位置得天独厚，位于欧洲大陆边缘，距离欧洲大陆较远，爱尔兰的风没有受到工业化的欧洲大陆的影响，因此拥有清洁的水源和空气。
爱尔兰牧场的理念是动物与自然和谐相处，奶农们都严格遵守生产流程和品质规定，非常看重爱尔兰奶制品已经取得的好名声。
最近，中国官方派遣代表团视察爱尔兰的乳制品工厂，给了很高的评价。
中国国内立刻掀起了对爱尔兰乳制品的追求狂潮，尤其是中国新生父母，他们对婴儿奶粉需求很大。
爱尔兰乳制品品质高，安全性好，中国成爱尔兰第二大乳制品出口市场。
近些年来，很多中国公司对爱尔兰进行了投资，投资数额有很大变化（具体的数字没记太清楚）。
他们主要投资两个领域：一是信息通信技术(ICT)领域，全球前10的信息和通信技术公司有9家在爱尔兰投资，因此吸引了大量的中国投资者。
另一方面是金融业，中国希望能与爱尔兰方面在金融领域深化合作。
2015汉译英catti3英译汉翻译实务真题和答案.
天柱县位于贵州省东部,是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户,素有“黔东第一关”、“中国重晶石之乡”、“贵州高原黄金城”之称。
”.天柱县总面积2201平方公里,辖16个乡镇,326个行政村,总人口41万余人,以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%, 是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。
天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。
气候温和,土壤肥沃,是贵州重要粮食生产基地,享有“黔东粮仓”的美誉。
当地年产烟叶2.6万担(一担=50公斤,是中国烟叶主产区。
这里林业资源丰富,森林面积达185万亩(一亩=1/15公顷,覆盖率达56%,是贵州十大林业基地县之一。
重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。
天柱乘西部大开发的东风,迅速崛起。
全县国民经济稳步发展,综合实力日益增长,人民生活水平在不断提高,产业结构调整日趋优化,基础设施建设得以加强,城镇面貌日新月异。
“生态环境优美,文化教育优越,综合服务优化,人居条件优良,经济充满活力”的新天柱呈现在世人面前。
此次的汉译英语段命题与以往有些不同,以前都是时政语段或企业介绍,如今的命题有所变化。
该文是一篇说明文,介绍了贵州天柱县丰富的自然资源。
但不论怎么变化,万变不离其宗,我们在翻译课上所讲的内容完全可以应用到该语篇的翻译中去。
下面我们来看看此篇文章是怎样运用我们所学的知识和技巧的吧。
文章的第一段正是我们在翻译课上反复强调的7大成分不做主句处理的一个典型实例。
我们着重讲授了如下7个成分一般情况下不在英语句子中充当主要句子成分,而是处理为附带或次要成分,这样才能够将英语的语句处理得错落有致,层次分明。
7大成分包括:历史,文化,人口,地理位置,创建时间,占地面积以及对主语的基本界定。
第一段中涉及“地理位置”,“对主语的基本界定”。
按照我们所讲的方法,把地理位置放在句首作为独立结构,然后出现主语,再连接对主语的基本界定,即同位语短语,最后是主句。
Located in eastern Guizhou Province, Tianzhu County, an important gateway to Provinces of Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang from Sichuan Province, Chongqing and Guizhou Province, is known to the world as “the First Pass in Ea stern Guizhou”, “the Land of Barite in China” and “the Gold Town on the Guizhou Plateau.”文章的第二段出现了7大成分中的“占地面积”和“人口”,因此,我们把该段的语序适当调整一下,先译“占地面积”,然后出现主语,后面紧跟同位语,即对主语的基本界定,最后是主句。
CATTI英语笔译实务(2级)2015年5月考试翻译实务真题及参考答案
第一部分英译汉Part 1 English to Chinese TranslationPassage 1Early Maori adapted the tropically based east Polynesian culture in line with the challenges associated with a larger and more diverse environment, eventually developing their own distinctive culture. The British and Irish immigrants brought aspects of their own culture to New Zealand and also influenced Maori culture. More recently American, Australian, Asian and other European cultures have exerted influence on New Zealand.New Zealand music has been influenced by blues, jazz, country, rock and roll and hip hop, with many of these genres given a unique New Zealand interpretation. Maori developed traditional chants and songs from their ancient South-East Asian origins, and after centuries of isolation created a unique "monotonous" and "doleful" sound.The number of New Zealand films significantly increased during the 1970s. In 1978 the New Zealand Film Commission started assisting local film-makers and many films attained a world audience, some receiving international acknowledgment. New Zealand television primarily broadcasts American and British programming, along with a large number of Australian and local shows. The country's diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives, have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand. The Ministry for Culture and Heritage is government‟s leading adviser on cultural matters. The Ministry funds, monitors and supports a range of cultural agencies and delivers a range of high-quality cultural products and services. The Ministry provides advice to government on where to focus its interventions in the cultural sector. It seeks to ensure that Vote funding is invested as effectively and efficiently as possible, and that government priorities are met. The Ministry has a strong track record of delivering high-quality publications, managing significant heritage and commemorations, and acting as guardian of New Zealand‟s culture. The Ministry‟s work prioritizes cultural outcomes and also supports educational, economic and social outcomes, linking with the work of a range of other government agencies.Awakening the …Dutch Gene‟ of Water Survival By CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZEJUNE 29, 2014Along a rugged, wide North Sea beach here on a recent day, children formed teams of eight to 10, taking their places beside mounds of sand carefully cordoned by candy-cane striped tape. They had one hour for their sand castle competition. Some built fishlike structures, complete with scales. Others spent their time on elaborate ditch and dike labyrinths. Each castle was adorned on top with a white flag. Then they watched the sea invade and devour their work, seeing whose castle could withstand the tide longest. The last standing flag won.Theirs was no ordinary day at the beach, but a newly minted, state-sanctioned competition for schoolchildren to raise awareness of the dangers of rising sea levels in a country of precarious geography that has provided lessons for the world about water management, but that fears that its next generation will grow complacent.Fifty-five percent of the Netherlands is either below sea level or heavily flood-prone. Yet thanks to its renowned expertise and large water management budget (about 1.25 percent of gross domestic product), the Netherlands has averted catastrophe since a flooding disaster in 1953.Experts here say that they now worry that the famed Dutch water management system actually works too well and that citizens will begin to take for granted the nation‟s success in staying dry. As global climate change threatens to raise sea levels by as much as four feet by the end of the century, the authorities here are working to make real to children the forecasts that may seem far-off, but that will shape their lives in adulthood and old age.“Everything works so smoothly that people don‟ t realize anymore that they are taking a risk in developing urban areas in low-lying areas,” said Hafkenscheid, the lead organizer of the competition and a water expert with the Foreign Ministry.Before the competition, the children, ages 6 to 11, were coached by experts in dike building and water management. V olunteers stood by, many of them freshly graduated civil engineers, giving last-minute advice on how best to battle the rising water.A recently released report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development on water management in the Netherlands pointed to an “awareness gap” among Dutch citizens.汉译英Part 2 Chinese to English TranslationPassage 1 （选自2013 年政府白皮书《西藏的发展与进步》，原文链接：/show-35-1007-1.html）改革开放30 多年来，西藏通过深化改革和扩大开放积极推动全区商业、对外贸易和旅游产业加快发展，不仅增强了与内地的交流，同时也加强了与世界的联系和合作。
CATTI三笔译真题及答案英译汉汉译英
英译汉：NARSAQ, Greenland — As icebergs in the Kayak Harbor pop and hiss while melting away,this remote Arctic town and its culture are also disappearing in a changing climate.格陵兰岛纳萨克——随着皮艇港(Kayak Harbor)的冰山在融化过程中发出嘶嘶的响声，这座偏远的北极小镇和它的文化，也正在随着气候变化而消失。
Narsaq’s largest employer, a shrimp factory, closed a few years ago after the crustaceans fled north to cooler water. Where once there were eight commercial fishing vessels, there is now one.纳萨克最大的用工企业，一家虾厂，几年前倒闭了，原因是虾蟹都逃往了北方更寒冷的水域。
这里曾一度有八艘商业捕鱼船，现在只剩一艘了。
As a result, the population here, one of southern Greenland’s major towns, has been halved to 1,500 in just a decade. Suicides are up.因此，作为格陵兰岛南部主要城镇之一，纳萨克的人口在短短十年中降至1500人，减少了一半。
自杀率也出现上升。
Andrew Testa for The New York Times格陵兰岛的一个渔民驾船驶过正在融化的冰山。
“Fishing is the heart of this town,” said Hans Kaspersen, 63, a fisherman. “Lots of people have lost their livelihoods.”“捕鱼是这个小镇的核心。
2015年下半年口译三级实务真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年下半年口译三级实务真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Dialogue 2. English-Chinese Translation 3. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 Dialogue (20 points, 10 minutes)Listen to the following dialogue and interpret it as required. After you hear a sentence or a short passage in Chinese, interpret it into English by speaking to the microphone. And after you hear an English sentence or a short passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the dialogue only ONCE. Now let’s begin.听力原文：A：从上世纪50年代开始，熊猫被作为国礼赠送给友好国家。
到了1982年，考虑到熊猫数量不断减少，中国政府停止了赠送，改为“出租”大熊猫。
这次习主席访欧，中国就租给比利时一对大熊猫。
多姆先生，作为接受熊猫的比利时国家动物园馆长，您是什么心情?B: I’m very excited and feel honored to have the two pandas as our residents’. When we asked whether we could lease giant pandas from China, the Chinese side reacted very positively, and in a very quick manner2. You know, there is perfect infrastructure here; and there is also the quality of the bilateral relationship between Belgium and China. A：习主席和夫人参观动物园时还出席了熊猫园的开园典礼。
2015catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题和答案及解析(一]
catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserablesOranges are a ________source of vitamin C.A wellB betterC goodD very第5题All students have free________to the library.A passagewayB entranceC permissionD access第6题I''m so tired that I can''t take ________what you''re saying.A upB outC inD on第7题Rice is the ________food of most Southeast Asians.A commonB generalC stapleD popularWhat they never take into account is the frazzled woman who is leading a________life — trying to be a good mother while having to pretend at work that she doesn''t have kids at all.A doubleB hardC two-wayD miserable第9题Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ________paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A by damagingB so that they damageC to damageD damaging第10题We were working________time to get everything ready for the exhibition.A againstB inC onD ahead第11题Our flight to Guangzhou was ________by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A delayedB adjournedC cancelledD preserved第12题________pollution control measures are expensive, many industries hesitate to adopt them.A AlthoughB HoweverC BecauseD On account of第13题Leading stress management experts say that life with stress would be dull and________.A disorderlyB time-consumingC fruitlessD unexciting第14题This book is full of practical ________on home repair.A helpsB tipsC aidsD clues第15题The speaker ________have criticized the paraprofessionals, knowing full well that they were seated in the audience.A should not toB must notC ought not toD may not二、Vocabulary Replacement（本大题13小题．每题1.0分，共13.0分。
笔译三级考试题库及答案
笔译三级考试题库及答案一、单选题1. 下列哪个选项是“笔译”的英文表达？A. TranslationB. InterpretationC. TranscriptionD. Transliteration答案：A2. 笔译三级考试主要考察的是哪种语言能力？A. 听说能力B. 读写能力C. 口译能力D. 写作能力答案：B二、填空题3. 笔译三级考试要求考生具备________年以上的笔译工作经验。
答案：三4. 笔译三级考试的合格标准是总分达到________分以上。
答案：60三、阅读理解题5. 阅读以下段落，并回答问题：随着全球化的发展，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
笔译作为一种语言服务，不仅能够帮助人们跨越语言障碍，还能促进不同文化之间的理解和沟通。
在笔译工作中，译者需要具备扎实的语言功底、广博的知识面和敏锐的文化感知能力。
问题：笔译在跨文化交流中的作用是什么？答案：笔译能够帮助人们跨越语言障碍，促进不同文化之间的理解和沟通。
四、翻译题6. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文：“随着互联网技术的发展，远程笔译工作变得越来越普遍。
”答案："With the development of internet technology, remote translation work is becoming more and more common."7. 将下列句子从英文翻译成中文："The role of a translator is to bridge the gap betweendifferent languages and cultures."答案：“翻译者的角色是架起不同语言和文化之间的桥梁。
”五、简答题8. 简述笔译三级考试的评分标准。
答案：笔译三级考试的评分标准主要包括译文的准确性、流畅性、完整性和专业性。
准确性要求译文忠实原文，无误译漏译；流畅性要求译文通顺自然，符合目标语言的表达习惯；完整性要求译文涵盖原文所有信息，无遗漏；专业性要求译文符合专业领域的特点和要求。
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英译汉For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”世世代代，煤炭始终是东犹他州这片矿产丰富地区的命脉。
采煤的家庭自豪地回忆起他们在地下艰苦劳作的岁月。
小镇的街道上煤炭供应公司鳞次栉比。
在那蜿蜒曲折通往煤矿的山路上方，从广告牌的一侧露出一张矿工布满煤灰的脸，旁边写着这样的一句口号“煤碳=饭碗。
”But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.但最近，恐惧之感渐渐袭来。
由于新颁布的联邦排放法规更严格，该州位于镇附近峡谷中的最古老的燃煤电厂已确定关闭。
As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.随着能源企业脱离煤炭，转向更清洁，更廉价的天然气，这里的人们也越来越担心他们的社区会很快悄然消失。
在这里的工厂----卡本发电厂(碳发电厂)里的几十个工人已经得知，他们必须提前退休或寻求其他工作。
当地的运输和设备装置企业正准备到其它地方寻找业务。
“There are a lot of people worried,”said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.凯尔·戴维斯自18岁就一直在这家工厂做工，他说：“这里有很多人在担心”。
Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954.戴维斯先生现年56岁，他一路努力工作，从扫地工升任为工厂的业务主管，该厂的火炉自1954年以来一直在燃烧。
“I would have liked to be here for another five years,”he said. “I’m too young to retire.”“我原本打算在这里再干五年，”他说。
“我还太年轻，退休早了点。
”But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.但管理这家工厂的洛基山电力公司认为，要改造老化的工厂来满足对汞排放的新的联邦标准这一做法实在成本太高。
该工厂预计将于2015年四月关闭。
“We had been working for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,” said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”该电厂的发言人大卫·艾斯克森说：“在过去的三年中，我们的时间主要用于检测电厂的各种合规策略。
我们的检测发现，任何一种合规策略都无法达到新法规的要求。
”For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas. This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country’s largest public power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than 150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.近几年来，由于环保法规更加严格、电力需求不断下降、而公用事业公司又转向天然气供应，全国各地的燃煤电厂纷纷关闭。
本月，全国最大的公共电力公司--田纳西流域管理局董事会投票决定，关闭位于阿拉巴马州和肯塔基州的八家燃煤电厂并将其中一些电厂升级为燃气电厂。
自2010年以来，有150多家燃煤电厂已经关闭或即将退役。
The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality. In recent weeks, the agency held 11 “listening sessions” around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.环保局预计，更加严格的排放法规将能节省数十亿美元的医疗开支并将对空气质量产生全面的影响/能明显改善空气质量。
最近几周，环保局在提议出台二氧化碳排放补充条例之前，在全国范围内举行了11次“听证会”。
“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.塞拉俱乐部发起的“超越煤炭”运动希望关闭全国所有的燃煤电厂。
该运动的负责人布鲁斯·奈尔斯说：“在美国，燃煤电厂是危险的碳排放的最大恶源。
我们已有现成的方法比如用风能和太阳能取代燃煤电厂。
”For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside. But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change —if not now, soon.对于这里的很多人而言，他们所知道的·只有煤炭开采工作。
煤炭行业在艰难时期也能将该地区团结起来，尤其是在2007年矿难事件后的黑暗时期。
那次矿难发生在沿高速公路向南大约35英里的地方，造成九名矿工遇难。
普赖斯附近的所有人几乎都认识遇难者，其中有六名遇难者至今仍埋葬在山腰处。
但是现在每个人的心里都清楚，卡本县将会发生变化，即便不是现在发生，也会很快就发生。
Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.皮特·帕拉斯奥斯已经86岁高龄了，曾在矿山工作43年，见证了煤炭行业的兴衰。