普陀补习班 新王牌 高一英语 暑假班2 宾语从句和其他名词性从句 教师学生版
普陀补习班 新王牌 高一英语 暑假班10 句子成分结构 教师学生版综述
高一新知识：句子成分结构Introduction【高考考点透析】1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。
虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。
2、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。
有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。
一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的发展趋势。
3、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。
如：and, but, or, while，以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。
4、各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时态联系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显，时间从句与条件从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句则用一般式表将来，这一点在高考中经常考查。
Presentation一、句子的成分构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分。
句子成分可分为主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，同位语。
它们可以由单词来担任，也可以由词组，以及句子来担任。
（一）主语：主语是一个句子中所要表达，描述的人或物，是句子的主体。
主语可以由名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词，名词化形容词，分词，从句，短语等来担任。
The book is on the desk.I get an idea.Two and two are four.Smoking is bad to health.(二) 谓语：谓语是用来说明主语做了什么动作或处于什么状态。
谓语可以由动词来担任，一般放在主语的后面。
The child has been brought up by his mother.She speaks English fluently.(三) 表语：表语是用来说明主语的性质，身份，特征和状态。
表语须贺连系动词一形容词作用的词和起构成句子的复合谓语。
表语一般放在系动词之后。
普陀补习班高二英语暑假班4定语从句拓展教师学生版
普陀补习班高二英语暑假班4定语从句拓展教师学生版有关定语从句容易出错的七个错点一、混淆定语从句与并列句请看下面两题：(1) He has two children, and both of _____ are abroad.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who(2) He has two children, both of _____ are abroad.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who【分析】第(1)题选A，第(2)题选C。
由于第(1)题中用了并列连词and，从而使整个句子为并列句，and后应是一个独立的简单句，所以选A不选C；第(2)题没有并列连词and，both of whom are abroad 为非限制性定语从句。
二、混淆定语从句与表语(从句)请看下面的试题：(1) Your coat is still _____ you left it.A. whereB. thereC. there whereD. the place where【分析】答案选A，where引导的是表语从句(=在…的地方)，而不是定语从句。
(2) Is this school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?A. whereB. whatC. thatD. the one【分析】答案选D，this school为句子主语，the one 为表语，your father wo rked in…为定语从句。
不要误认为this是句子主语，否则school前应加冠词t he。
比较：Is this the school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?A. whereB. whatC. thatD. the one (选C)Is this the school _____ your father worked ten years ago?A. whereB. whatC. thatD. the one (选A)三、混淆定语从句与状语从句请看下面的试题：(1) I went upstairs ______I heard some crying.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which【分析】答案是B而不是A，when的意思是“当…的时候”，引导的是时间状语从句。
普陀补习班 新王牌 高一英语 暑假班2 宾语从句和其他名词性从句 教师学生版
高考真题01. ________ is still unknown.A. Whether he can attend the meetingB. Whether can he attend the meetingC. If he can attend the meetingD. If can he attend the meeting02. ________ they were in the reading room that day.A. It happened thatB. It was happened thatC. That happenedD. It happened to03. That is ________ I had to take him home at once.A. reason whyB. howC. whyD. what04. They want to know ________ they can go hiking this Sunday.A. whatB. whenC. whetherD. that05. I have made it clear ________ I will never go back there.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. however06. A: It’s thirty years since we last met.B: But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ________ we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when07. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ________ of course, made theothers jealous.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which08. Finally, the thief handed everything ________ he had stolen to the police.A. whichB. whatC. whateverD. that09. The goals ________ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. for thatC. for whichD. at which10. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ________ is oftenthe case in other countries.A. asB. whatC. soD. that11. ________ you are in Shanghai, can you go and see my uncle?A. IfB. UntilC. WhileD. Because12. We must get up early, ________ we have a long way to go.A. soB. forC. butD. or13. ________ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When14. She repeated the same word many times ________ she might forget.A. in order thatB. so thatC. in caseD. till15. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ________ great it is.A. thatB. howC. howeverD. whatever第一节复合句的概念●复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
普陀补习班 新王牌 高一英语 暑假班9 翻译专题 教师学生版
翻译专题英语高考中的翻译（中译英）题要求考生能应用所学过的语法和词汇来准确地表达思想，是一种要求相当高的考查形式。
翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容准确、完整地再现出来。
中译英这一题型要求考生把中文的句子译成通顺的、语法结构正确的、符合英语表达习惯的英语句子，并能准确地传达中文句子中的每一个信息。
该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力，它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力，还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。
高考评分标准:1．每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分；2．语法错误（包括时态错误）每处扣一分；3．译文没用所给的单词扣一分。
翻译技巧：一）看括号一、看括号内所给的单词或词组的意思以及它们的常用搭配；1．越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规则的重要性。
（ aware）二、看括号内所给的单词或词组对应的是汉语中的哪个部分；2．你一旦养成了坏习惯，改掉它是很难的。
（once ）三、看括号内所给的单词或词组对整个句子结构的提示。
3．保护环境是每个公民的职责。
（It…）4．我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大。
（Never …）二）定时态5. 在过去的几年里,这家工厂用塑料代替木头来降低成本. (substitute )6. 毫无疑问,政府会采取措施来阻止疾病的蔓延. (doubt )7. 充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书. ( keep)5. In the past few years, the factory has substituted plastic for wood to reduce the costs.6.There is no doubt that the government will take measures/action to prevent the spread of the disease.7. Making full use of time doesn‟t mean keeping reading books from morning till night.三）抓主干8. 这种从煤里提炼出的物质可以制成各种有用的东西.(take out of )9. 虽然空气污染被公认为是这一地区最严重的问题, 然而当地政府采取的措施却不尽如人意。
高一暑期闸北补习班资料新王牌英语五：定语从句
高一暑期闸北补习班资料新王牌英语五：定语从句高一英语暑期班定语从句练习Ⅰ. Complete the sentences according to the Chinese meanings.1. (众所周知), China is a developing country.2. Is this the factory (你上个月参观的)?3. He is a man of great experience, (从他那儿可以学到很多东西).4. He has two sons, (两个儿子都当老师)?5. The days (我们使用洋油的) have forever gone.6. I can’t find the house (我们过去常住的).7. He wrote about 20 novels, (这是其中最成功的一部).8. Is this the pen (你用来写信)?9. This is the watch (你正在寻找的).10. Do you know the man (布莱克先生刚才与之谈话的)?Ⅲ. Choose the best answer.( )1. Susan is not the brilliant writer she used to be.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom( )2. They stayed with me for three weeks, they drank all the wine I had.A. whichB. which timeC. during whichD. during which time( )3. It is the one of the best films .A. which have been made in ChinaB. that has ever been made in ChinaC. that have ever been made in ChinaD. which has been made in China( )4. The old ma finally got a chance to visit the school, he used to study, he had been dreaming of for years.A. that…whichB. where…thatC. in which…wh atD. where…which( )5. all that to be done been done?A. Have…haveB. Have…hasC. Has…hasD. Has…have专项练习Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with the most p robable conjunctions.1. The book was lying on the table has disappeared.2. I’m afraid that’s all I can tell you.3. The man house was broken into has gone to the police.4. The river Thames, flows through London, is more than 200 miles long.5. My sister, you spoke to at the meeting, wants to study history.6. He did very well in the exam, surprised all of us.7. Margaret and Jack, in house we held the party, are a very friendly couple.8. My glasses, without I’m like a blind man, fell onto the ground and broke.9. She will go back to the village she grew up.10. Mr. Green told us about the places and people he had visited in Guilin.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.( )1. We should learn from those are always ready to help others.A. whoB. whomC. theyD. that( )2. I, your good friend, will try my best to help you achieve the goal.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. which am( )3. The old man has two sons, are lawyers.A. both of themB. both of whoC. both of whomD. both of they( )4. Do you know the man just now?A. to who I noddedB. I nodded toC. whom I noddedD. whom I nodded to him( )5. The man has gone to Japan.A. whom I told youB. that I told youC. whom I told you about himD. I told you about( )6. The radio set last week has been out of order.A. that I boughtB. I bought itC. which I bought itD. what I bought( )7. All the apples fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.A. whichB. /C. thatD. they( )8. I can tell you he told me last week.A. all whichB. all whatC. that allD. all that( )9. This is the biggest lab we have ever built in our university.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where( )10. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. thatB. /C. whichD. what( )11. Air, we breathe every day, is around us all the time.A. thatB. /C. whichD. it( )12. This is the very place I’m wishing to live in.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which( )13. All is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which( )14. Matter is anything .A. that takes up space and have weightB. which take up space and have weightC. that takes up space and has weightD. those take up space and have weight( )15. Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen to the police.A. whichB. whatC. whateverD. that( )16. The person talking to the shop assistant is an engineer.A. who isB. what isC. whom isD. who you are( )17. The washing machine last Wednesday works well.A. that I boughtB. I bought itC. which I buyD. that I bought it( )18. There are several students in our class are still not sure about the use of attributive clauses.A. whoB. thatC. whenD. which( )19. The Science Building is very beautiful, behind there is an orchard.A. whichB. whatC. thisD. these( )20. Joan is one of the best writers who published a lot of books.A. hasB. will beC. haveD. are( )21. Do you know that girl wearing a red dress?A. whoseB. whoC. whomD. who’s( )22. Do you remember the day I came to you to borrow a dictionary?A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where( )23. She still remembers the days she spent in the countryside.A. during whichB. whichC. whenD. while( )24. The magazine Betty paid one dollar was very good.A. thatB. whichC. for whichD. to which( )25. Is this museum they visited last month?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one( )26. Is this the museum they visited last month?A. whenB. whereC. whichD. the one( )27. On the bus I saw a student I thought was your brother.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. he( )28. Has all can be done ?A. what, doneB. that, be doneC. what, to be doneD. that, been done( )29. When people talk about the cities of the U.S., the first comes into mind is New York.A. cityB. of themC. onesD. that( )30. Mr. Lopes was much disappointed to find the bike he had had went wrong again.A. it repairedB. repairedC. repaired itD. to be repaired( )31. Is he the teacher taught you English in 2000?A. whoeverB. whoseC. whichD. who( )32. Where is the girl you spoke to five minutes ago?A. whomB. whichC. whoseD. what( )33. I like to read the book writer is still a student.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. that( )34. I like the boy sister is a famous actress.A. whoseB. whomC. whichD. who( )35. The man made some candles could give light.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which高考零距离( )1. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (BJ-2010)A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that( )2. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.—That’s I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. (JS-2010)A. whereB. howC. whenD. what( )3. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. (HN-2010)A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which( )4. Mozart’s birthplace and the house he composed “The Magic Flute”are both museums now. (SH-2009)A. whereB. whenC. thereD. which( )5. We went through a period communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (SH-2008)A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which( )6. His movie won several awards at the film festival, was beyond his wildest dream. (SH-2007)A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it( )7. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living. (TJ-2011)A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which( )8. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it somewhat differently. (ZJ-2011)A. whichB. whatC. themD. there( )9. A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. (ZJ-2011)A. whenB. thatC. whereD. there。
普陀补习班新王牌高一英语暑假班3动名词教师学生版资料
非谓语动词概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式；动名词；现在分词；过去分词。
非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。
Introduction动名词作宾语（只能＋doing的词）A：appreciate(感谢；欣赏) avoid(避免) admit(承认)C：consider(考虑) can’t help(情不自禁) can’t stand(不能忍受)D：deny(否认) delay(耽搁) dislike(不喜欢)E：enjoy escape(逃脱) excuse(原谅) 若构成复合结构+for sb doingF：finish feel like(=want to do / would like to do) forgive(原谅)G：give up(放弃)I：imagine(想象) involve(包括，涉及)K：keepM：miss（错过）mind(介意) mention(提及)P：practise (练习，实践) put off(推迟＝postpone)R：risk(冒险) resist(抵制)S：suggest(建议)U：understand（理解）上面28个的词，当解释为括号里的中文含义时，后面只能＋doing，高中阶段这些词必须掌握好，这是学非谓语的基础，剩下的没背到过的词，高中阶段绝大部分都是＋to do五个特殊用法的词：advise（建议）/allow(允许)/permit（允许）/forbid(禁止)/recommend(推荐)＋doing/sb. to do五个特殊用法的词。
动名词的复合结构一定要注意，若后面＋所有格，则＋doing 不变，若后面＋宾格，则用sb. to do 的用法。
2019-2020学年高一英语人教版暑假作业(2)宾语从句和表语从句
2019-2020学年高一英语人教版暑假作业（2）宾语从句和表语从句1、Police have found ________appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.whichB.whereC.howD.what2、The spokesman noted ________ some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage and conscience to admit the truth.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. what3、In the opening four sentences, Du described _______ the cycles of nature happen — the leaves come back to the trees, the flowers bloom, and the grass grows tall.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why4、In her first class, her professor asked her and her classmates _________ impresses them most when it comes to Arica.A. howB. whatC. whichD. that5、—Have you finished the book?—No,I’ve read up to the children discover the secret cave.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where6、The manager decided to give the job to _________ he believed had a strong sense of duty.A.whoeverB. whomeverC. whoD. those7、The combination of economic and career opportunities and sponsorship for studying abroad is ________ lies behind the reversal of China's brain drain.A. thatB. whatC. whereD. why8、He did not see the film last night. That is ________ he had to help his little sister with her homework.A. whyB. howC. thatD. Because9、The infrastructure of a country is ________ makes everything run well, including things like transport, irrigation, electricity and schools.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.what10、The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _______ one can be entirely free from dust.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.why11、Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A.howB.whenC.whereD.why12、Passengers are permitted (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.13、My recent trip to Sichuan is perfect. I’ve never had a ___________(pleasant) one before.14、Bill’s heavily _____________ debt at the moment, but hopes to pay it off when he gets paid.15、It is impossible for the thief to get away ____________ stea ling people’s money.16、Would you mind _____________(wait) for me at the gate of the cinema?17、I wish you every success from ____________ bottom of my heart.18、Large amounts of money _______________(be) needed for the building, which makes us worried.19、The doctor told Bill he was in poor health and advised he cut ___________ on alcohol and smoking.20、Their ship sank into the bottom of the sea. Fortunately, they ____________ (spot) by a ship and rescued.21、You didn't bother me. ____________ the contrar y, I’d like to listen to your stories.22、What he said made me recognize how silly mistakes I had made.23、Two days later, they finally arrived at which was once an old temple.24、One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see that he was getting a pound and he found that he was not.25、After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.26、Now more and more people have come to realize why serious air pollution is.27、What is just beyond my imagination is fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream.28、What made the doctor upset was that he should tell the patient the truth or not.29、The reason why Tom was absent was because he had an accident on the way.30、用适当的连接词填空The most unbelievable thing was ①__________ happened in my restaurant today. This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew ②__________ hewas. We wondered ③__________ he was so hungry. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted ④__________ the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked ⑤__________ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see ⑥__________ he took out of an envelope- a million pound bank note.I asked Mr. Clements ⑦__________ it was genuine. Mr. Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. The fact was ⑧__________ the note couldn't be a fake.What puzzled us was ⑨__________ a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant. I really couldn’t describe⑩__________ excited I was.答案以及解析解析：选D。
普陀补习班 高二英语 暑假班6 分词 教师学生版
Introduction –非谓语动词Ⅱ、独立主格高考真题01. It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness ________.A. to makeB. to be madeC. makingD. being made02. Don’t respond to any e-mails ________ personal information, no matter how official they look.A. searchingB. askingC. requestingD. questioning03. There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A. addB. to addC. addingD. added04. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure (中国绿色环保人物)” award, a title ________ to ordinarypeople for their contributions to environmental protection.A. being givenB. is givenC. givenD. was given05. The trees ________ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down06. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ________.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed07. When ________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing themany similarities.A. comparedB. being comparedC. comparingD. having compared08. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________ the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to cover09. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.A. doB. to doC. doingD. and doing10. My cousin came to see me from the country, ________ me a full basket of fresh fruits.A. broughtB. bringingC. to bringD. had brought11. ________ for the breakdown o the school computer network, Alice was in low spirit.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed12. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest ________ in a year.A. followsB. followedC. to followD. being followed13. ________, I had to try my luck in another city.A. As there was no chances for meB. There be no chances for meC. There being no chances for meD. There were no chances for mePresentation (1) -- 非谓语动词Ⅱ、独立主格动词现在分词一、现在分词作定语●现在分词作定语，可用来表示被修饰者的用途。
普陀补习班高二英语暑假班2名词性从句复习教师学生版.docx
专项：名词性从句名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句1.主语从句：a.主语从句在句中充当主语的成分。
放在谓语动词前面，但多数情况下是由it 形式主语比较多，而把主语从句放到了主句的后面。
b.引导词：that（不充当任何成分，但不能省略）whether （if不可用）who vvhat（很灵活，要充当成分）which when where how whyEg： That she was able to come made us happy.Who will go makes no difference.What we need is more time.That the earth turns around the earth is known to us.c.主语从句中常用it作形式主语，要注意以下句型：It is +n/adj/P.P+主语从句Eg： It is still a question whether she will come or not.It is strange that you should like him.It is still unknown which team will win the match.另外：It is said / reported/ believed that...等句型也比较常用It happened /occurred that...2.表语从句a.表语从句位于系动词（be动词就是其中的一种）后面。
b.引导词：that（不作成分，最好不要去省略）whether（if不能用）as if（似乎、好彖）who what which when where how why…Eg： The fact is that she never liked him.The question is who can complete the difficult task.This/That/It is because …I think it9s because you are doing too much.It may be because I am not good at English.The reason + 定语从句••• is that...The reason why he can be successful is that he worked hard.3.宾语从句a.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
新高一暑假英语衔接课程——第9讲 名词性从句 无答案
新高一暑假英语衔接课程——第9讲名词性从句名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
这个语法项目在英语中相当重要。
❖初高中衔接相关知识在初中阶段要求学生掌握各种从句的基本结构和用法；而在高中的学习中，则要求学生在此基础上能够在具体语境中判断主句与从句的逻辑关系，准确理解句意，加以灵活运用。
考查方式多以选择题为主。
（一）概述名词性从句主要包括宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词（that, whether, if）；连接代词（what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which）；连接副词（when, where, how, why）（二）主语从句1. 主语从句在复合句中充当主语。
引导主语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, what, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever等。
➢注意：（1）这些引导词都不可以省略。
（2）只能用whether不能用if。
（3）从句用陈述句语序。
That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
Who cooked the meal is not known yet. 谁煮的饭还不知道。
How he did it is still a mystery. 他怎么做的还是个迷。
Whether we can land on the moon is not known. 我们是否能登陆月球还不知道。
2.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
例如：It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。
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高考真题01. ________ is still unknown.A. Whether he can attend the meetingB. Whether can he attend the meetingC. If he can attend the meetingD. If can he attend the meeting02. ________ they were in the reading room that day.A. It happened thatB. It was happened thatC. That happenedD. It happened to03. That is ________ I had to take him home at once.A. reason whyB. howC. whyD. what04. They want to know ________ they can go hiking this Sunday.A. whatB. whenC. whetherD. that05. I have made it clear ________ I will never go back there.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. however06. A: It’s thirty years since we last met.B: But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ________ we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when07. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ________ of course, made theothers jealous.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which08. Finally, the thief handed everything ________ he had stolen to the police.A. whichB. whatC. whateverD. that09. The goals ________ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. for thatC. for whichD. at which10. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ________ is oftenthe case in other countries.A. asB. whatC. soD. that11. ________ you are in Shanghai, can you go and see my uncle?A. IfB. UntilC. WhileD. Because12. We must get up early, ________ we have a long way to go.A. soB. forC. butD. or13. ________ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When14. She repeated the same word many times ________ she might forget.A. in order thatB. so thatC. in caseD. till15. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ________ great it is.A. thatB. howC. howeverD. whatever第一节复合句的概念●复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
主句为句子的主体，从句不能独立，只用作全句的一个句子成分，需要通过从属连词、关系代词、关系副词、连接代词、连接副词等与主句连接起来。
第二节主语从句●概述：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句●成分：在复合句中作主句的主语，它可以由从属连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略●位置：可以放在主句谓语动词之前，也可以用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句之后（一）由从属连词（that, weather）引导：That light travels faster than sound is known to all.光速比声速快这一点是众所周知的。
Whether he has signed the contract or not doesn’t matter at all.他是否签过合同并不重要。
（二）由连接代词（what, who, which, whoever, whatever, whichever）引导： What he said at the meeting is important.他在会上所说的事情是重要的。
Who let out the news remained unknown.谁泄露了这个消息仍旧无人知晓。
Whatever he said here must be kept secret.她在此所说的一切必须保密。
（三）由连接副词（how, when, where, why）引导：How this happened is still a question.这事情是怎么发生的仍然是个疑问。
When he did it is still a mystery.他什么时候干了这件事仍旧是个谜。
（四）主语从句后置●主语从句位与句首时，句子常显得笨重，因此常把它移至句子后部，句首用引导词it 作形式主语，代表主语从句●常用形式：◎It is＋名词＋that …It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.真遗憾，她犯下这样愚蠢的错误。
◎It is＋形容词＋that …It is quite obvious that he didn’t do it himself.很明显他没有亲自做。
◎It is＋过去分词＋从句It is reported that 20 people were killed in the traffic accident.据报道，那次交通事故中有二十人丧命。
◎It＋动词＋从句It seems that our basketball team will win the match.看来我们的篮球队将赢得那场比赛。
第三节表语从句●概述：在句子中担当主句的表语，和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化（一）由从属连词（that, whether）引导：The problem is whether we should ask them for help.问题是我们是否请他们帮忙。
The trouble is that he has never done the work before.麻烦在于他以前从未干过这个工作。
（二）由连接代词（what, which）引导：She is not what she used to be.她不再是过去的那个她了。
What I mean is which song you like best.我的意思是说你最喜欢哪首歌。
（三）由连接副词（when, how, why）引导：This is when I really got to know the United States.这时我才真正认识了美国。
The question was how the bird got out of the cage.问题是鸟儿怎么从笼子里出去的。
That’s why he didn’t pass the exam.那就是他考试不及格的原因。
（四）由as if, as though, because引导：It looks as if it were going to rain.天看上去好像要下雨。
That’s because two thirds of the earth’s surface is made up of vast oceans.那是因为地球表面的三分之二是由广阔的海洋组成的。
第四节宾语从句●概述：宾语从句在复合句中可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词和某些形容词的宾语一、宾语从句的形式（一）及物动词后的宾语从句◎由从属连词that, if, whether引导：Mike said that he was feeling ill.迈克说他觉得不舒服。
I don’t know if / whether Hardin will come.我不知道哈丁是否会来。
◎由连接代词what, which, who, whose及wh-ever引导：They want to know what they can do to help us.他们想知道他们能做些什么来帮助我们。
◎由连接副词why, where, when, how引导：Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?你能确定艾丽丝把金戒指放在什么地方了吗？（二）介词后的宾语从句She always thinks of how she can improve her spoken English.她经常考虑如何提高她的英语口语水平。
Alisa is sorry for what she said.阿莉莎对她所说的话表示歉意。
（三）某些形容词后的宾语从句◎anxious, sure, glad, happy, certain, afraid等形容词后可接宾语从句I’m anxious whether he will be able to pass the test.我希望他能通过这个测试。
We are glad that our team has won the match.我们很高兴我们队赢了这场比赛。
（四）非谓语动词之后的宾语从句On being asked whether he had had any good food in America, he answered “Terrible”.一问到他在美国是否吃过什么好菜，他就回答说“糟得很”。