八年级英语宾语从句讲解-练习

八年级英语宾语从句讲解-练习

宾语从句讲解

一、概念

宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。

二、可接宾语从句的动词

say 、tell 、think、know、see、hear、hope、guess、find、feel 等，或由形容词构成的系表结构，如：afraid、sure、glad、sorry等

三、宾语从句的标点符号。

宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句，如果主句是陈述句，句尾用句号；如果主句是疑问句，句尾用问号。

四、引导词。

1、that （从句是陈述句时，引导词用that ，它本身无词义，不充当成分，在口语中可省略，但在正式场合不可省。）

2、if或whether （从句是一般疑问句时用if 或w hether ，含义是“是否”。）

if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whet her…or not 句式只用whether

3、连接代词、连接副词（从句是特殊疑问句时用）

连接代词（what、which、who、whose ）

连接副词（when、where、how 、why ）

五、宾语从句的同义句转换。

在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。

Can you tell me how I can get to the station？

Can you tell me how to get to the station？

六、宾语从句的语序。

宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序（即正常的主谓语序）

He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .

He asked whether we should hold a sports mee ting .

Do you know what the population of Dalian is ？

七、宾语从句的时态。

1、主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。

He says that he is good at English

He says that he has been ill for two days

I don’t know if he will come tomorrow

2、主句是一般过去时，从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。（即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）

He asked me where I lived

He said that she had been ill for two days

She said that she would return soon

3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句的影响，都用一般现在时。

The teacher said “light travels faster than soun d”

He said that the earth is round

特例：Could you tell me …委婉的语气，常按照一般现在时处理。

Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ？

八、语从句的从句中不再有助动词。即一般现在时的助动词do ，does ，一般过去时的助动词did.

Do you like speaking English ？He wants to kn ow .（改为宾语从句）

He wants to know if you like speaking English

九、如果简单句变成了宾语从句，那么其谓语动词要相应的变化。常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式；一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的，动词要用单三形式，如果主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形；其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可。

十、宾语从句变否定句。

如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。

I think chicken can swim （变否定句）

I don’t think chicken can swim

He said that he would go shopping（变否定句）……

He said that he would not go shopping

一、单想选择

1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer

holiday?

A. what will Tom do

B. what did Tom do

C. what Tom will do

D. what Tom did

2. I want to know_________.

A. what is his name

B. what’s his name

C. that his name is

D. what his name is

4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.

A. which is the way to the museum

B. why

his wife always goes shopping

C. what is the way to the museum

D. why

does she always go shopping

6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.

A. when does his son come home

B. when his

son comes home

C. when did his son come home

D. when his

son came home

9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?

---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a

hospital.

A. how we can get to the post office

B. how

can we get to the post office

C. how get to the post office

D. how

could we get to the post office

10. ---Can I help you?