Market Brief 1117
入门级金融知识点比喻讲解
1、一级市场与二级市场(Primary & Secondary Markets）爱马仕专门店直接销售是一级市场(Primary Market)；你把自己的爱马仕卖给二手店铺再销售是二级市场(Secondary Market)。
2、期货Futures你预定一款Givenchy手包，销售通知你到货了，你去购买再销售叫做实物交割(physical settlement)，你发现店里面现货比你预定价格涨了不少，你决定把你预定的货卖给同行你只赚个差价，这叫做现金交割(Cash settlement)。
一个包本来你需要花100买下然后卖掉才赚10元，结果你只花10元预定后直接卖给同行赚差价10元，这就是杠杆交易(leverage)。
你购买手表，销售叫你先交500元定金看能不能定到，这个在金融中间可以叫margin(保证金)，结果Sales定到了，叫你按照30%交全部定金，交易中叫做Margin-Call(增补按金)。
3、空头交易(Short Sale)你客人需要一款Chanel2.55, 你没有去买，直接从同行那里调货一个卖给客人，说好过几天还一个一样滴，当时汇率是*9，过了几天汇率降到*8，你结果以更便宜的价格买了一个2.55还给同行。
4、止损(Stop Losses)你去年发现Celine很好卖，买个几个屯着，结果今年卖不掉，只有降价处理。
5、定向增发(Private Placement)你很喜欢YSL手包，结果发现每次去都没有货，但是来了个代购一次就都拿了20个。
YSL发现手包卖得很好，于是推出其它品种，并且调高价格，结果其品牌影响力一般，造成大量滞销，结果只有调低破发，这是Subprime的雏形。
6、衍生品（Derivatives）你去买Lady Dior,结果要你配个晚宴包才卖给你，这就是衍生品(Derivatives)。
你的Lady Dior 包的价格是Intrinsic value(内在价值)，你的晚宴包卖出挣了钱叫做(In-the-money)，平价卖出( At-the-money)，亏了钱叫做(Out-of-the-money)。
创富国际备有技术指标文章与名词解释
创富国际备有技术指标文章与名词解释下载温馨提示：该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by the editor. I hope that after you download them, they can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types of practical materials, suchas educational essays, diary appreciation, sentence excerpts, ancient poems, classic articles, topic composition, work summary, word parsing, copy excerpts, other materials and so on, want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!创富国际备有技术指标文章与名词解释是现代金融领域中非常重要的概念。
Market Research Brief.doc
Market Research BriefObjective:We are looking for a marketing research partner which will assist us in strategic development and provide sophisticated, sensitive, consumer focused quantitative research and insightful analysis. Our partner company should have a track record of helping their clients’ businesses grow; experience with women’s and baby products is extremely helpful.Specifically, we are seeking a proposal for consumer segmentation and comparative product in home use test.Background:HengAn is a public company, listed on the Hong Kong Exchange. Its annual revenues are over 1 billion RMB with aggressive growth plans.The majority of its current business is in paper-based products: sanitary napkins, adult and baby diapers. Additionally the company is branching out into feminine hygiene products, including intimate sanitary washes, douches, etc.We face significant foreign competition and expect this to increase. Over the next few years we expect to broaden our sales into new categories of products, to introduce new products in our existing lines and to make our brands the most sought after by Chinese consumers.Our Goal:Our goal is to build the most sought after brands in the categories we serve.The ChallengeThe challenge to our company is to develop a strong consumer driven focus to the conduct of our business. To do that, we have hired Thomas Group to help install processes and procedures. In addition we recognize the need to understand the consumer market, their emotional and rationale needs, how well we and our competition meet those needs – both attitudinally and physical product performance.Our initial exploration will focus on the sanitary napkin category; we will very shortly explore diaper opportunity and seek other category opportunities.Consumer Segmentation Study GoalsIssues: Our business is fractionalized into many subsidiaries operating in many regions. Consumers in all these regions are perceived to have different needs and wants. This is further complicated by significant economic differences between regions; cities, towns and villages; and shifting consumer attitudes.We would like to create an actionable market structure which would allow us to assess the opportunities and build plans to access those opportunities.To begin, we would like to understand the deep seated emotional attitudes and needs of women 18 to 45 (primary target audience); their attitudes to and usage of various brands; and how they segment on these bases. We are searching for the fundamental drivers in the category that eclipse geographic and income differences.We would like to understand consumers’ perceptions of our and key competitive brands, their buying habits, etc.Additionally, we would like to understand the more rational component of purchasing, that is, who has tried, repeated or rejected our and competitive products and why.We need a sufficient consumer sample to be able to develop the attitudinal segments and determine their buying habits, regular brand, trial rates of our and competitive brands, and demographics.Comparative Product In Home Use Test GoalsWe need a better understanding of how well our products perform versus competition and whether our and competitive products fulfill consumers’ expectations. We w ould like to have consumers use our products and tell us how they well they perform versus their regular brand and whether our product met expectations. We are open to consider other information as you recommend.Next StepWe would like to meet with you to review your credentials and more carefully identify our information needs. From this meeting, we would expect to receive a proposal from you on the most cost effective methodology to meet these needs.TimingSince the information we seek will provide the foundation for all marketing activity, we are extremely eager to move this process along as quickly as possible.美文欣赏1、走过春的田野，趟过夏的激流，来到秋天就是安静祥和的世界。
市场营销术语英汉对照词典
市场营销术语英汉对照词典引言市场营销术语在日常工作中扮演着重要的角色，它帮助我们准确地描述和交流市场营销策略、计划和执行。
对于从事市场营销工作的人士来说，熟悉各种市场营销术语的中英文对照是非常重要的。
本文将为您提供市场营销术语的英语和中文对照词典，以便您在工作中更加方便地理解和使用这些术语。
A•Above the line advertising (ATL广告)：传统广告形式，包括电视、广播和报纸等媒体。
•Account-based marketing (ABM，账户营销)：通过针对具体目标客户进行个性化的市场营销活动。
•Advertising (广告)：通过媒体传播产品、服务或品牌的信息，以促进销售和品牌认知。
•Advertorial (产品说明)：既有广告特点又有说明性质的文章或内容。
•Affinity marketing (关联营销)：基于共同的兴趣或特征，将产品与特定目标市场联系起来的营销策略。
B•B2B (business-to-business，企业对企业)：指企业之间的商业交易和合作。
•B2C (business-to-consumer，企业对消费者)：指企业与消费者之间的商业交易和合作。
•Brand (品牌)：代表公司、产品或服务的标识和声誉。
•Brand ambassador (品牌大使)：代表品牌的公众人物或明星，为品牌推广提供支持。
•Brand identity (品牌识别)：品牌在市场中的形象、风格和特征。
C•Call to action (行动号召)：通过各种方式鼓励潜在客户采取行动，例如购买产品或注册。
•Click Through Rate (CTR，点击率)：广告或链接被点击的次数与展示次数之比。
•Competitive analysis (竞争分析)：评估竞争对手的市场地位、策略和产品，以指导自己的市场营销活动。
•Conversion rate (转化率)：将潜在客户转化为实际销售的比率。
市场营销第十一章中英双语知识点总结
制造商付给零售商的促销费，以换取以某种方式为制造商的产品提供特色的协议。
Segmented pricing
差别定价策略
Selling a product or service at two or more prices, where the difference in prices is not based on differences in costs.
Promotional pricing
促销定价
Temporarily pricing products below the list price, and sometimes even below cost. to increase short-run sales.
暂时将产品定价低于列表价格，有时甚至低于成本。增加短期销售。
定价考虑的是价格心理，而不仅仅是经济学；价格是用来形容产品的。
Reference prices
参考价格
Prices that buyers carry in their minds and refer to when they look at a given product.
购买者在考虑某一产品时所考虑的价格。
pays the freight from the factory to the destination.
1.The market
• Uncertainty events are completely beyond the control eg new competitor customer tastes change a new policy
Markets and marketing
• Markets were places where buyers and sellers would meet to exchange goods.
• Today it is possible to trade goods and services without buyers and sellers meeting up. (telephone, mail order, Internet)
Market size
• The size of a market can be estimated by the total sales of all business
Ways to estimate market size • Value • Volume
Market share
Market share: the proportion of a particular that is held by a business • Calculation: Sales of a business/Total sales in the market x
from home • easier to gather personal information • selling cost can be avoided and charge lower price (sales staff) • marketing costs will be lower • reach more customers • open 24/7 • greater flexibility
dealer market例子
一、dealer market的定义在金融领域，dealer market是指由经销商和市场制造商组成的市场，他们为买方和卖方提供流动性，同时也为证券和衍生品提供报价。
在这个市场上，经销商通常会同时扮演交易者和市场制造商的角色，以此来确保市场的流动性和有效性。
二、dealer market的例子1. 股票交易市场股票交易市场是一个典型的dealer market的例子。
在这个市场上，经销商（通常是证券公司）通过买卖股票来提供流动性，同时也为投资者提供报价。
他们在买卖双方之间扮演着市场制造商的角色，使得交易更加便捷和有效。
2. 外汇市场外汇市场也是一个典型的dealer market的例子。
在这个市场上，外汇经纪商通过买卖货币来提供流动性，同时也为交易者提供报价。
他们扮演着市场制造商的角色，使得外汇交易更加顺畅和高效。
3. 期货市场期货市场同样也是一个典型的dealer market的例子。
在这个市场上，期货经纪商通过为买卖双方提供报价和流动性来确保市场的运转。
他们的介入使得期货交易更加灵活和便利。
三、dealer market的意义和作用1. 提供流动性dealer market通过买卖证券、货币或期货来提供市场流动性，使得市场的运转更加顺畅。
2. 降低交易成本经销商的介入可以降低交易成本，同时也减少了交易者的交易风险。
3. 确保交易的及时性和有效性经销商的报价和流动性提高了市场交易的及时性和有效性，使得交易更加便捷和高效。
四、个人观点和理解经销商市场在金融领域扮演着至关重要的角色，它们不仅为市场提供流动性，降低交易成本，还确保了交易的及时性和有效性。
在这个过程中，经销商的市场制造者角色至关重要，他们的介入使得整个市场更加顺畅和高效。
对于投资者来说，也能够享受到更好的交易体验，从而在金融市场中获得更多的机会。
总结dealer market作为金融市场不可或缺的一部分，其作用和意义不言而喻。
通过提供流动性、降低交易成本、确保交易的及时性和有效性，经销商为整个市场的运转贡献了重要的力量。
股市行情英文术语汉译
点数图
点数图
即将每日价格涨跌的变化情况以符号加以记录而形成的一连串价格走势分析图。常以X表示价格的上涨，O表 示价格下跌。
移动平面图
移动平面图
它是记录市场价格在一段期间的平均水平的分析图。
分析术语
目录
01 型态分析术语
03 点数图
02 垂直条形图 04 移动平面图
基本信息
随着我国股市市场的不断发展，以及参与股市热情的不断升温，股市知识的普及也迫在眉睫。如今，当你翻 开一份国外财经报刊或收听广播、收看电视的时候，你也许会为那些“财经报道”、“股市走势”、“今日股市 行情”节目所吸引，而又不得其解。因为股市起源于英国，其中几乎所有术语都是英语。下面就对一些常见的股 市行情英文术语作简要的介绍。
1 Trend趋势M ajor Trends 主要趋势(指同一价位走势达6个月以上者) Secondary Trends 次要趋势(同一价位持续1至3个月者) M inor Trends 微趋势(同一价位持续仅数个星期或以下者) Trend Line 趋向线(两个低点上升或两个高点下降的连线) Curving Trend Line 弧形趋向线 Trend Channel 趋向轨道 Continuation Pattern 整理型态(指买卖双方势均力敌，价格形成横向，且呈特定区间波动态势) Sideway Movement 人行道式区间波动(整理趋势) Counter-Reversal 逆势(即价格回档，恢复到原有趋势前)
型态分析术语
型态分析术语
股市分析者通常借助图形来进行分析，其主要目的是研究目前价位走势以作成价格预测，据以决定市场介入 时机。最常见的图形分析法，一般会用到以下三种图形：
垂直条形图
垂直条形图
美股交易常用英语
变现能力（LIQUIDITY） 某种股票或其他证券很快转换成现金，以避免损失的能力。转换成现金越容易，该股票的变现能力就越大，如果转换很困难，则说明该股票流通性不足，通常只要股市有大量的股票买卖者，就能获得流动性变现能力
上市股票（LISTED STOCKS） 在证券交易所{如纽约证券交易所（NYSE）、美国证券交易所（AMEX）}交易的股票，与“场外交易股票”相对。
当日最低价（LOW OF THE DAY） 某个交易日内，某一种股票成交的最低价格。
保证金（MARGIN） 以账户里的证券借贷的能力。用保证金买进股票的指，用你账户里的股票作为抵押，借钱买进更多的股票。
追缴保证金（MARGIN CALL） 经纪人向账户持有人下发的通知，通知后者抛售证券或存入现金来达到保证金的要求。如果持有人不采取任何行动的话，该经纪人可将所持股变现。
做市商（MM，MARKET MAKER） 一种授权在证券交易所以公开卖出价和买入价买卖证券的公司。
市价订单（MARKET ORDER） 一种以市价，也就是卖出时按最好的买入价和买进时按最好的卖出价来成交的订单。
走势（MOMENTUM或MOMO） 指造成某种股票价格波动的、由交易量产生的购买和出售的力量。如果价格波动是由走势造成的，则波动更有可能朝着同一个方向持续下去，至少在短期内是这样的。
下扬（DOWNTICK） 下跌的买入价。不能在下扬时卖空。
电子通信网络（ECN，ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK） 一个计算机化的交换系统，它可以使执行交易的第三方获得做市商和其他各方的订单。
除权日（EX-DATE） 股本分割的当日，即某种股票随着股本分割而发生了每股账面价值的变化，变化后的股票数量被记入持股人账户。
市场营销专业术语中英文对照标准翻译
市场营销专业术语中英文对照标准翻译
在市场营销专业中，有许多术语需要进行中英文对照翻译。
以下是一些常见的术语及其对照翻译：
1. 市场营销 - Marketing
2. 市场细分 - Market segmentation
3. 目标市场 - Target market
4. 市场调研 - Market research
5. 品牌定位 - Brand positioning
6. 市场营销策略 - Marketing strategy
7. 市场份额 - Market share
8. 市场渗透 - Market penetration
9. 市场营销组合 - Marketing mix
10. 产品生命周期 - Product life cycle
11. 市场定位 - Market positioning
12. 目标市场调研 - Target market research
13. 产品定价 - Product pricing
14. 市场推广 - Market promotion
15. 产品包装 - Product packaging
16. 市场营销计划 - Marketing plan
17. 市场趋势 - Market trend
18. 市场营销传播 - Marketing communication
19. 渠道管理 - Channel management
20. 市场份额占有率 - Market share percentage
这只是一小部分常见的市场营销术语，如果您需要翻译其他术语或有其他疑问，请告诉我。
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Brazil
What’s Clean Coal?
Key players
Coal Gasification: GE, Lurgi, Siemens, CB&I, KBR, PWR, SES, Shell, ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions, Greatpoint, Mitsubishi-Hitachi Coal liquefaction: Axens, H-tec, Headwaters, Synfuels China ASU: Air Products, Air Liquide, Praxair, Linde
Cross cutting issues
IGCC Polygeneration
Coal briquette
Pulverised coal combustion
Desulfuration
Coal gasification
Coal slurry
Coal liquefaction
Coal bed methane
2014
20
Why Turkey/Eurasia?
2014
21
Energy dependency in target countries
UA
energy security
import
geographical position + demand + low rank coals
22
2014
Why Turkey/Eurasia?
Synthesis gas (Syngas) Industry (Chemicals)
Power, heating
Carbon capture and storage
2014
What’s Clean Coal?
Clean-coal flow sheet
2014
13
What’s Clean Coal?
growing economy and growing consumption of coal
a cheap energy resource but dirty and inefficient when use it
2014
4
Challenges of Using Coal
“The future of coal is dependent on the development and exploitation of technologies to extract it more efficiently, to reduce emissions and capture carbon. Within ten years clean coal technology will be able to reduce emissions to near zero. Coal will be ‘clean’ not ‘dirty’.” “It is foreseen that coal will have a greater share in future global markets thanks to new ‘Clean Coal Technologies’. As coal is the most important indigenous fossil fuel therefore it should be widely utilized countrywide for cheap and more electricity generation with best applicable use of advanced technologies.”
Market Brief
Turkey & Eurasia
2014 1
Contents
1 Clean Coal 2 Turkey & Eurasia • Why Turkey & Eurasia (Potentials) Problems Opportunities Challenges • Summary
Facts of Coal:
the most abundant of fossil fuels in the world available from a wide variety of mines distributed globally the backbone of power production
• ~80% of coal used for power (total of 2,300 GW: 1,100 GW China, 270 GW US, 120 GW Western Europe, 260 GW India), and remainder others • ~5-10% steel • ~5-10% Coal-to-Chemicals and others
Africa South Africa Asia China Ukraine Poland Czech Republic Uzbekistan Russia Pakistan Kazakhstan
8
Eurasia
Europe Turkey
South America
Mozambique Mongolia Vietnam India Indonesia Botswana Zimbabwe
one of the fastest growing economies in the world
(Energy consumption is increasing in parallel with growing economy today. )
abundant coal reserves
2014
2014 2
Coal in the World
Classification of coal resources:
(Based on carbonization degree)
lignite, or brown coal sub-bituminous coal
Global Coal Recoverable Reserves
-World Coal Association; IEA; 2013 2014 6
Coal in the World
发展状况
-World Coal Association; IEA; 2013 2014 7
Clean Coal Industry
More promising developing countries for coal-to-x development
which mean the country urgently needs to find fresh energy sources
19
Coal in Turkey
Abundant coal reserves (unit: billion tons)
~1.5
~14
~15.1
Coal reserves are abundant and ~90% of coal is lignite
Almost 90 % of Turkey’s total lignite production is from opencast mines across the country (in 2012) Low calorific value, high ash, volatile matter, moisture and sulphur are general characteristics of Turkish lignite
2014
9
Clean Coal Industry
Clean coal outlook
Environment • Improve efficiency • Eliminate secondary combustion • Improve waste water quality Reliability • Improve reliability • Maintain time-to-maturity Feed & Requirements • Expand coal envelope-higher moisture and ash • Transition from NH3, MeOH to SNG, CTL, etc.
Gas cleanup Char recovery unit Air
Combustor
Gas turbine
Steam turbine
Waste heat recovery boiler
Stack
Nitrogen
Oxygen Air separator
Gasifier Heat exchanger
2014
-World Energy Council 2014
bituminous coal anthracite
23%
29%
48%
Bituminous Sub-bituminous Lignite
hard coal contains bituminous and anthracite
2014
3
Coal in the World
15
What’s Clean Coal?
Gasifier
2014
16
What’s Clean Coal?
ASU
2014
17
Why Turkey/Eurasia?
Target countries
2014
18
Coal in Turkey
Turkish advantages
bridges Asia and Europe
2014
10