山东省微山县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编练(二)

山东微山县2017高考英语阅读理解（一轮）编练（二）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2016高考训练】Wild weather, unexpected coral reefs and dangerous sea creatures… these are the nightmares (噩梦) you can imagine a teenager on a solo voyage (独自旅行) around the world might suffer from. But for Laura Dekker, sailing around the globe seems less a price to be paid than a prize to be treasured.As the 19-year-old Dutch sailor said in Maidentrip, a documentary（纪录影片） released last year about her experience of becoming the youngest person to sail around the world alone in 2012, “I was born on a boat. I lived my first five years at sea. And ever since, all I have wanted is to return to that life.”With her yacht(游艇) Guppy, Dekker began her journey at 14 and sailed 50,004 kilometers in 519 days.The flying fish keeping her company, the dolphins following in her wake and the warm days spent on deck playing the flute (长笛) as she watched another unforgettable sunset were enough to make others jealous.But these di dn’t always go well. There were terr ible moments in which Dekker feared death. On one occasion, a whale almost turned Guppy over. Another time, she battled extreme winds and Guppy surfed down 8-meter-high waves.Out on the open sea alone, she also got used to living without a fridge, a flushing（用水冲洗）toilet, and a hot shower.“As a human bein g you don’t need much,” she told . “ They might make life more comfortable, but you really don’t need them to be happy.”In fact, her outlo ok on life was shaped by the trip. “I wanted the storm s. I wanted the calms.I wanted to feel loneliness,” she told The New York Times. “And now I know all these things. It’s the end of the dream I had as a child, and it’s the beginning of my life as a sailor.”1. According to the text, in which year did Dekker begin her journey of 50,004 kilometers at sea?A. In 2012B. In 2010C. In 2009D. In 20112. The method the author uses to develop Paragraph 5 is ________.A. offering analysesB. providing explanationsC. giving examplesD. making comparisons3. Which of the following can best describe the girl Laura Dekker? _________.A. Modest and optimisticB. Patient and hospitableC. Brave and generousD. Brave and determined4. How did Laura Dekker think of her life on the sea?A. It was so dangerous and almost ruined her.B. It brought her great happiness and much comfort.C. It is the sailing on the sea that made her well known.D. Full of danger and challenge, it made her experience happiness and better understand lifeas well.参考答案1—4、 CCDD2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail.Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother de scribes her child’s hasty-made table as “Perfect!” even though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time--- and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when we don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation, prize or say, “It doesn’t matter.” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment—and be helped to master it.Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?”Don’t blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If someoneelse can help, don’t be shy about inquiring. Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a bad party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems definitive can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. After 12 years of studying ballet, a friend of mine auditioned for a professional company. She was turned down. “ Would further training help?” she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “ You will never be a dancer”, he said, “You haven’t the body for it.”In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock(估量) of the situation bravely asking, “What have I left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her shoes and moved into dance treatment center, a field where she’s both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy—a way to find new possibilities.【小题1】The second paragraph tells us ___________A．how a mother praised her childrenB．parents should blame their children at the proper time.C．how to shift blameD．two ways of failure prevention most parents use when their children fail【小题2】According to the author, what should a child know in the real world?A．No one can be best all the time at everything.B．He should be equipped for life.C．No parents should offer quick consolations.D．He can get pleasure from failure as well as success.【小题3】The underlined word “prompt” in the fifth paragraph can be best replaced by“_________.”A．prevent B．cause C．continue D．exchange【小题4】From the passage we know that ______________.A．success lies in hard workB．never be disappointed to lifeC．failure can affect one’s life greatly once he learns to use it.D．everyone had his own valueDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.【2014高考英语一模试题】It is generally believed that we are getting cleaned when we step under a shower. We are, but we’re also giving a home to lots of tiny little creatures we didn’t even know about. A showerhead carries thousands of bacteria called Mycobacterium．These can cause problems like coughs and tiredness, and a general feeling of poorliness (身体不舒服). When you turn on the water, the bacteria go from the showerhead onto and into your body.This is a finding of Norman R. Pace and his team at the University of Colorado, in the US. The scientists investigated bacteria in all kinds of human environment, including showers．Pace's team looked at 45 showerheads in nine American cities. They discovered that 30 percent of them had large amounts of flying Mycobacterium.But Pace said that they pose few threats to the health．Only those with a weak immune system might need to worry．He told the New York Times that the bacteria are not as unpleasant as might be thought．He said that having a shower is no more dangerous than anything else we do in the morning．But for those who feel sick about the idea of all those microorganisms (微生物), he had some advice. Let the water run for 30 seconds before getting into the shower. Why? The number of bacteria is smaller than that when the water is just turned on. If that seems like a waste of water, he added that you could also change your showerhead every few months.However, Pace had good news too. He has also been testing the air in US subways. Apart from iron particles (粒子), which are ground off the track by the wheels of trains, subway air is fresh. The reason is that a train’s movement pumps fresh outdoor air into the tunnels.Pace explained that he wanted to understand the natural microbial environments of public places. This kind of knowledge might help discover the microbes to be used in a bioterrorist (生物恐怖分子) attack.【小题1】 From the finding of Norman R. Pace, after taking a shower, we might cough or feel tired because .A. it’s easy to get a cold when taking a bathB. the showerhead carries many bacteria causing illnessC. we don’t get cleaned while showeringD. we don’t get a weak immune system【小题2】According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Hot water could kill most of bacteria in showerheads.B. Of 45 showerheads surveyed in nine cities, 30 carried large amounts of Mycobacterium.C. Changing showerheads is the only way to avoid microorganisms.D. Shower water contains much less bacteria after being left to run for 30 seconds.【小题3】We can learn from the third paragraph that .A. having a shower in the morning is more dangerous than at other timeB. the bacteria always threat people’s healthC. there is no reason to fear microorganisms for people with strong immune systemD. it is better to do some exercise in the morning than have a shower【小题4】The underlin ed word “pose” in the third paragraph probably means “______”．A. causeB. avoidC. describeD. promise【小题5】What contributes to fresh air in US subways?A. The train’s movement.B. Iron particles．C. Train wheels.D. Air conditioners on the trains．【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】A【小题5】 A【解析】试题分析：文章介绍Norman R. Pace和他的团队发现的结果，大多数淋浴头含有致病的细菌，但是这不会2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类The Loss of InnocenceInnocence is such a precious gift．It’s explained as freedom from guilt or wrong doing．Just imagine never having to worry about anything and having a guilt free mind．Some people wish to save this kind of innocence from being lost from childhood to adulthood．What would the world be like if innocence were never lost？One way it would benefit humanity is the lack of hatred （仇恨）among the world．During youth，there may be an occasional argument，even a little physical fight，but nothing like firing a handgun at a fellow human being．And children are blind towards the racial differences of others．A kid will hang out with any other kid．It is the lack of innocence and the ignorance we learn from adults that influence children otherwise．Another benefit is the constant desire for fun and adventure．With very little if any time at all for fun，the adventurous mind is lost in time with the responsibilities placed uponadults．If innocence were kept alive，these ambitions would never depart from our lives．However，other people actually hate the idea of innocence lasting forever．They feel that the lack of organization and mental power of those with innocence would cause extremely destructive consequences to society in general．A large number of individuals would never have the urge to learn，work，and act upon the necessary needs for humanity to survive．Without a proper education which is usually provided by those who no longer live in a world of innocence，people would not have the desire to succeed，get a good job in life，or provide income for their families，which would hurt the lives of children．The lack of a good education and career would also harm the economy．As long as innocence is kept alive，no one would be terribly angered at the lack of effort people put out in the workplace，resulting in a strong decline in production and quality of needed goods．Maybe it is wrong in wanting to save innocence．It sure is a nice thought，though．Perhaps innocence was meant to be lost．It was god’s will to make things the way they are，and there is a good purpose for everything．All that remains to be said about innocence is to enjoy it while it lasts．【小题1】The author believes that the loss of innocence in adulthood should be _______．A．avoidedB．condemnedC．acceptedD．inspired【小题2】Lifelong innocence would be beneficial to society in that _______．A．proper education would be providedB．there would be no racial discriminationC．more happy families would be guaranteedD．people would realize their childhood dreams【小题3】According to the author，people with innocence can hurt the economy with their lack of _____．A．motivational willB．mental abilityC．adventurous ambitionsD．needed goods【小题4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？A．B．C．D．。