发电厂第二期工程电气部分初步设计成品

摘要本毕业设计论文是4 300MW发电厂第二期工程电气部分初步设计。

全论文除了摘要、毕业设计书之外，还详细的说明了各种设备选择的最基本的要求和原则依据。

变压器的选择包括：发电厂主变压器、高压备用变压器及高压厂用变压器的台数、容量、型号等主要技术数据的确定。

电气主接线主要介绍了电气主接线的重要性、设计依据、基本要求、各种接线形式的优缺点以及主接线的比较选择，并制定了适合本厂要求的主接线。

厂用电接线包括：厂用电接线的总要求以及厂用母线接线。

短路电流计算是最重要的环节，本论文详细的介绍了短路电流计算的目的、假定条件、一般规定、元件参数的计算、网络变换、以及各短路点的计算等知识。

高压电气设备的选择包括母线、高压断路器、隔离开关、电流互感器、电压互感器、高压开关柜的选择原则和要求，并对这些设备进行校验和产品相关介绍。

而根据本论文所介绍的高压配电装置的设计原则、要求和500KV的配电装置，决定此次设计对本厂采用分相中型布置。

继电保护和自动装置的规划，包括总则、自动装置、一般规定和发电机、变压器、母线等设备的保护，而发电厂和变电所的防雷保护则主要针对避雷针和避雷器的设计。

此外，在论文适当的位置还附加了图纸（主接线、平面图、防雷保护等）及表格以方便阅读、理解和应用。

关键词：火力发电厂电气设计短路计算设备选择配电装置AbstractThis graduate design thesis is a 4×300 MW：A power plant the second period engineering electricity parts of first steps design. Whole thesis besides summary graduate to design the book outside, returned the expatiation every kind of most basic request that equipments choose with principle according to. The choice of the transformer includes: Main transformer, high pressure in power plant back transformer and high pressure factories use the main technique in number, capacity, model number...etc. in set data of the transformer to really settle. The electricity lord connected the line to introduce primarily the electricity lord connects the linear importance, design according to, the basic request, every kind of merit and shortcoming and lords that connect the line form connects the linear choosing more, the lord that combine to establish the in keeping with my plant the request connects the line; The factory connects with the electricity the line includes: The factory connect the linear total request and factory to connect the line design with the mother line with the electricity. The short-circuit galvanometer is regarded as the most important link, this thesis introduced the calculating purpose in short-circuit electric current, assumption term, general provision, the calculation, network transformation of a parameter detailedly, and each calculation etc. knowledge that short circuit order; The choice of the high pressure electricity equipments includes the mother line, high pressure breaks the road machine and insulate the switch, electric current to feels with each other the machine, electric voltage feels with each other the choice principle of the machine, high pressure switch cabinet with request, and proceed to these equipments the school check with the related introduction in product .But go together with the design principle of the electricity device, request to go together with the electricity device with 500KV according to this thesis a high pressure for introducing, decide this time design to adopt the cent the mutually medium-sized arranging to the my plant. After electricity protection with the programming of the automatic device, include total, automatic device, generalprovision with the protection of generator, transformer, mother line etc. equipments, but power plant with change to give or get an electric shock a design for defending thunder protecting then primarily aiming at lightning rod with lightning arrester. In addition, return in the appropriate position in thesis additional diagram paper (the lord connects the line, plane chart and defend thunder protection etc.) and forms read, comprehend with the convenience with applied.Key word: Thermal power plant Electricity design Short circuit calculation Equipments choice Electricity equips目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)目录 (III)第一部分说明书......................................................................................... - 1 -第1章发电机和主变压器的选择 .................................................................... - 1 -1.1发电机的选择. (1)1.2主变压器的选择 (1)1.2.1主变压器与发电机的连接形式........................................................... - 1 -1.2.2发电厂主变压器容量和台数的确定 .................................................... - 1 -1.2.3变压器型式的选择 .......................................................................... - 2 -第2章电气主接线的设计.............................................................................. - 4 -2.1总则 (4)2.2大型电厂的电气主接线 (5)第3章厂用电接线....................................................................................... - 7 -3.1厂用电接线设计原则 (7)3.2厂用电供电电压等级的确定 (8)3.3厂用电源的引接 (8)3.3.1高压厂用工作电源的引接................................................................. - 8 -3.3.2低压厂用工作电源引接.................................................................... - 9 -3.3.3备用电源引接方式 .......................................................................... - 9 -第4章短路电流的计算............................................................................... - 10 -4.1短路电流计算的主要目的. (10)4.2短路电流计算一般规定 (10)4.2.1计算的基本情况 ........................................................................... - 10 -4.2.2接线方式..................................................................................... - 10 -4.2.3计算容量..................................................................................... - 11 -4.2.4短路种类..................................................................................... - 11 -4.2.5短路计算点.................................................................................. - 11 -4.2.6短路计算方法 .............................................................................. - 11 -4.3计算步骤.. (14)第5章电气设备选择.................................................................................. - 14 -5.1电气设备选择总则 . (15)5.2高压断路器的选择 (16)5.3隔离开关的选择 (18)5.4电流互感器的选择 (18)5.4.1一次回路额定电压和电流的选择 ..................................................... - 18 -5.4.2二次额定电流的选择..................................................................... - 18 -5.4.3电流互感器种类和型式的选择......................................................... - 19 -5.4.4电流互感器准确级和额定容量的选择 ............................................... - 19 -5.4.5热稳定和动稳定校验..................................................................... - 19 -5.5电压互感器的选择 . (19)5.5.1一次回路电压的选择..................................................................... - 20 -5.5.2二次回路电压的选择..................................................................... - 20 -5.5.3种类和型式的选择 ........................................................................ - 20 -5.5.4容量和准确级选择 ........................................................................ - 20 -5.5.5电压互感器的配置 ........................................................................ - 20 -5.6裸导体的选择.. (21)5.6.1导体材料、类型和敷设方式............................................................ - 21 -5.6.2导体截面选择 .............................................................................. - 22 -5.6.3电晕电压校验 .............................................................................. - 22 -5.6.4热稳定校验.................................................................................. - 22 -5.6.5硬导体的动稳定校验..................................................................... - 23 -第6章高压配电装置.................................................................................. - 25 -6.1设计原则 (25)6.2设计要求 (26)6.3配电装置型式选择 (26)6.4500KV配电装置布置及结构特点 (26)第7章继电保护和安全自动装置 .................................................................. - 27 -7.1总则.. (27)7.2保护和安全自动装置系统设计 (28)7.3发电机保护 (29)7.4电力变压器的保护 (31)7.5母线保护 (32)7.6线路保护 (32)7.7安全自动装置 (32)第8章防雷保护 ........................................................................................ - 34 -8.1雷害来源.. (34)8.2直击雷防护的基本原则 (34)8.3避雷针的设计 (35)8.4避雷线的保护范围 (35)8.5避雷器保护及配置 (36)8.5.1避雷器的参数 .............................................................................. - 36 -8.5.2避雷器的配置 .............................................................................. - 37 -第二部分计算书....................................................................................... - 39 -第9章发电机和变压器的选择计算 ............................................................... - 39 -9.1300MW发电机的选择计算. (39)9.2变压器的选择计算 (39)9.2.1 500KV主变压器的选择................................................................ - 40 -9.2.2高压厂用/备用变压器的选择计算.................................................... - 40 -第10章短路电流的计算............................................................................. - 42 -10.1确定短路点 (42)10.2计算短路电流 (43)10.2.1参数计算................................................................................... - 43 -10.2.2 500KV母线上点发生d1点短路时的短路电流................................. - 43 -10.2.3发电机线路上发生短路................................................................ - 45 -10.2.4厂用母线上点发生短路时的短路电流 ............................................. - 47 -第11章高压电器设备的选择计算 ................................................................ - 50 -11.1500KV侧高压电气设备选择计算 (50)11.1.1断路器的选择计算 ...................................................................... - 50 -11.1.2隔离开关的选择计算 ................................................................... - 52 -11.1.3 500KV电压互感器 .................................................................... - 53 -11.1.4 500KV电流互感器 .................................................................... - 53 -11.26KV侧高压电气设备选择计算. (54)11.3母线的选择计算 (54)第12章防雷保护计算................................................................................ - 56 -设计总结.................................................................................................... - 57 -致谢.......................................................................................................... - 58 -参考文献.................................................................................................... - 58 -附录.......................................................................................................... - 61 -第一部分说明书第1章发电机和主变压器的选择1.1发电机的选择发电机的选择原则：根据发的容量和出口电压来选择发电机的型号，并据此确定发电机的额定容量、额定电流、功率因数、超瞬变电抗等参数.本厂计划安装四台300MW凝汽式火力发电机组，共分两期工程，共装设四台机组。