专八预测02试题及答案

合集下载

英语专八考试试题及参考答案

英语专八考试试题及参考答案

英语专八考试试题及参考答案英语专八考试试题及参考答案试卷是接受考试者学习情况而设定的并规定在一定时间内必须完成的试题。

一般是有老师集体讨论决定出的试卷,下面店铺为大家收集有关英语专八考试试题及参考答案,供大家参考。

英语专八考试试题及参考答案篇1第一部分听力测试(共25分)一、听句子选择图片。

共5小题,计5分。

A B CD E F 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,二、听对话回答问题。

共10小题,计10分。

请听第一段对话,回答第6小题。

6,How does the man keep in touch with(保持联系)his old friends?A. By sending e-mailsB. By meeting each other.C. By talking on the Internet. 请听第二段对话,回答第7小题。

7,What’s the man going to do this weekend?A.Chat online.B. Buy a computer.C. T ake classes.请听第三段对话,回答第8小题。

8,When did the boy use to play soccer?A. In the morning.B.At noon.C.After school.请听第四段对话,回答第9和10小题。

9,What’s Tom’s problem?A. His parents fought last night.B. He fought with his father last night.C. He fought with his brother last night.10,What’s Linda’s advice for Tom?A.Talking with his teacher.B.Talking with his friend.C.Talking with his parents. 请听第五段对话,回答第11和12小题。

专业英语八级模拟试卷902(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级模拟试卷902(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级模拟试卷902(题后含答案及解析)题型有: 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE USAGE 4. TRANSLATION 5. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文:Multicultural Education: Piecing Together the Puzzle Good morning, everyone. Today, I will focus on a specific field of education, namely, multicultural education. First of all, I would like to ask you a question. Are you familiar with the term multicultural education? What does it mean? First, multicultural education is a field of study and an emerging discipline whose major aim is to create equal educational opportunities for students from diverse racial, ethnic, social-class, and cultural groups. One of its important goals is to help all students acquire the knowledge and communicate with peoples from diverse groups in order to create a civic and moral community that works for the common good. So, we may define multicultural education as a field of study that is designed to increase educational equity for all students. After we have explained the definition of multicultural education, then we need to figure out the way to teach students multiculturalism. But how? When a child opens his (or her) first puzzle and the pieces fall to the ground, it may seem very confusing. What are they to do with this pile of shapes in front of them? It often takes a parent to explain to them that all the different pieces fit together into one whole picture. Although every piece is different and unique, when they are all put into their place they form one whole picture. In the same way, teachers can teach multiculturalism in the classroom. By adding a multicultural component to their curricula, teachers can help students see how each individual fits into the big picture. Although every member of our society is unique, with different cultural backgrounds, we all fit together to form one unit. Actually, understanding our own identity and the culture of our community requires knowledge and recognition of our cultures and communities and how they have shaped us. I hold the firm belief that multicultural education should be part of the curriculum that all students should experience. There are, however, arguments against multicultural education. For example, some critics believe that multicultural education is directed toward only minority groups, thus discriminating against middle class, white, heterosexual males. Others believe that multiculturalism is against Western and democratic ideals. A final argument is the claim that multiculturalism will divide our presumably united nation.Although critics of multicultural education may feel they have valid arguments against the issue, I feel that the goals of multicultural education make it an important part of the curriculum that will benefit every student. Furthermore, as is well acknowledged, awareness is a key component to multiculturalism. Students must become aware of their own culture and how they are similar and different from others. Awareness also involves an understanding of issues involving differences in culture and a knowledge of which of these issues are present in their community. After becoming aware of these issues, students often react emotionally. With an awareness of the richness and variety of cultures in their community and a personal emotional reaction, students can take social action aimed at positive multicultural change. I feel that these goals are proof that the arguments against multicultural education are invalid. Multiculturalism promotes positive change for persons of all cultures. It involves not only teaching majority groups about minorities, but also teaching minority groups about the majority groups. It has its base in democratic ideals such as equality, freedom, and justice. Multiculturalism will unite our divided nation into one unit which will have no mainstream culture, but many diverse subcultures which will cooperate for the good of everyone, not just the majority or the minority. So, I’d like to emphasize that multiculturalism should be included in all curricula. My school experience (until college) didn’t include multicultural perspectives and I feel as if I missed out on some important things. I often feel a little clueless when confronted with situations involving people different from me. Without some knowledge of our surroundings, how can we be expected to survive in society? This question reveals one of the purposes of education, survival. Learning about the other people who share our community is an essential part of this survival in modern society. Multiculturalism becomes increasingly important as our society becomes more diverse. In the past, efforts to provide multicultural content to students have, as critics feared, created more diversity and tension among groups. However, more recent methods are aimed at creating relations based on commonalities. Lynch suggests providing basis of common knowledge, skills, and insights about the things that all human societies should hold in common. Stressing similarities will unify groups with differences. We can define the goals of multicultural education as: educational equity; empowerment of students and their parents; cultural pluralism in society; understanding and harmony in the classroom, school, and community; an expanded knowledge of various cultural and ethnic groups; and the development of students, parents, and practitioners guided by an informed and inquisitive multicultural perspective. Just as the goals stated by other crusaders for multiculturalism, the afore-listed goals follow a specific order and stress knowledge, understanding, and equality. Finally, I believe that it is very necessary and completely conceivable for our education systems to move toward a multicultural curriculum. By following the goals I have mentioned, we can finally understand how the many pieces of our society fit together into one big picture.Multicultural Education: Piecing Together the Puzzle Today, we’ll discuss a new field of education—multicultural education. I 【T1】______of multicultural education: a field of study that is designed 【T1】______ to increase educationalequity for all students. Major aim is to: a. Create 【T2】______for students from diverse groups; 【T2】______ b. Help all students 【T3】______and communicate with peoples 【T3】______ from diverse groups. II How to teach multiculturalism. a. Add 【T4】______to the curricula; 【T4】______ b. Let students learn we can fit members of different 【T5】______ 【T5】______ together to form one unit. III Arguments against multicultural education. a. Multicultural education is directed toward 【T6】______; 【T6】______ b. Multicultural education discriminates against middle class; c. Multicultural education is against Western and democratic ideals; d. Multiculturalism will 【T7】______. 【T7】______ IV The key component to multiculturalism—【T8】______. 【T8】______ a. Students know how they are similar and different from others; b. Students can take social action aimed at 【T9】______. 【T9】______ V Foundation and purpose of multicultural education. a. Foundation: 【T10】______ideals of equality, freedom, and justice 【T10】______ b. Purpose: 【T11】______in modern society 【T11】______ VI Methods of multicultural education a. Old methods: created more 【T12】______among groups 【T12】______ b. New methods: creating relations based on commonalities VII Goals of multicultural education. a. Educational equity b. 【T13】______of students and their parents 【T13】______ c. 【T14】______in society 【T14】______ d. Understanding and harmony in the classroom e. An expanded knowledge of various cultural and ethnic groups f. The development of students, parents, and practitioners guided by an 【T15】______multicultural perspective 【T15】______1.【T1】正确答案:Definition解析:归总题。

专八预测02试题与答案

专八预测02试题与答案

1. According to Ellen, the increasing demand for hiring is due to[A] good economic environment.[B] good majors in colleges.[C] the new policy on economy.[D] expansion of some large corporations.2. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?[A] Accounting, and finance graduates are easier to find a job.[B] Starting salary for engineering students are higher now.[C] Competition among employers remains as fierce as before.[D] Employers plan to hire more grads this year than last year.3. Why does Ellen suggest that students Should not rely on the Internet?[A] Because it will reduce the chance of getting a job.[B] Because it is full of fraud.[C] Because it will become the graduates' only strategy.[D] Because it is a waste of time.4. Which of the following is NOT Ellen's advice to graduates?[A] Asking general questions about companies and requirements.[B] Being confident to take charge.[C] Getting familiar with the company before you go in there.[D] Being aware of your interviewing skills.5. In Ellen's opinion, electronic footprint can[A] help develop the graduates' confidence.[B] bring a positive effect to job hunters.[C] get the graduates off the coach.[D] be tracked by prospective employers.6. Leading stock markets have been weighed down in the past few weeks, because of[A] the high unemployment rate.[B] the weak housing market.[C] weakening economic recovery.[D] the fear of weakening recovery.7. The violence erupted in the southern Calabrian town of Rosarno, because __________.[A] two immigrants were shot by white local youths.[B] two immigrants fought with white local youths.[C] African farm workers clashed with two polices.[D] local security forces shot two African immigrants.8. __________ migrants have been treated in hospital after the clashes.[A] 750[B] 300[C] 21[D] 89. President Obama is now focusing on __________.[A] stabilizing the national economy.[B] creating money woes for many families.[C] addressing daily issues that create money woes.[D] preventing the collapse of big financial firms.10. The White House advisory panel is set up to __________.[A] show cares to the middle class.[B] create more jobs for the middle class.[C] help the middle class go through the difficult decades.[D] study and solve the problems the middle class faced.11. The sentence in the first paragraph “The world isn't flat … it's paved.”implies that[A] the world is a round settled planet.[B] citys are built by human beings.[C] urban life is better than suburban life.[D] people prefer to dwell in the countryside.12. Which of the following does NOT show the results of urbanization?[A] It enables citizens to think and work creatively.[B] Manufacturing productivity has been improved.[C] It encourages more environment friendly living style.[D] It attracts people and enables them to collaborate.13. According to Mr Glaeser's theory, which of the following is NOT tree?[A] People should notice something positive about urban poverty.[B] Low-rise neighbourhoods are advisable in developing countries.[C] The mortgage interest policy promotes sprawl in America.[D] The story of Matin County is a good demonstration of flawed policies.14. Which of the following adjectives best describes the author's treatment of Glaeser's argumentation?[A] Indifferent[B] Neutral[C] Affirmative[D] Critical15. According to the first paragraph, the experiment is designed by Ellen Langer to show[A] how men could rewind the body clock.[B] how the old men traveled back to the past.[C] how the old hotel influences people's mind.[D] how the state of mind influences health.16. Which of the following is NOT true about the old men in the experimental group during Langer's experiment?[A] They look younger than they are.[B] They look much happier than before.[C] Their joints tend to be more flexible.[D] They have fewer diseases than before.17. The word woo-wooey in the third paragraph probably means[A] marvelous[B] incredible[C] impractical[D] mysterious18. What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the topic?[A] T o show how to use an eye chart in an unordinary way.[B] To show that the regular eye chart is not properly designed.[C] T o offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraphs.[D] T o provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.19. The sentence in the sixth paragraph "Similar signals also... for disease" implies that __________.[A] We tend to accept that becoming old is inevitable.[B] We usually have no doubts about doctor's diagnosis.[C] Illness often leaves us in a difficult situation.[D] Fixed ideas about illnesses can women the situation.20. We can infer from the passage that __________.[A] Rich people tend to be more conscious of getting old.[B] It is beneficial for human beings to travel back to the past.[C] An upside-down eye chart is good for people's eyesight.[D] Men's mindset can wipe out illness like hand arthritis.21. According to the reports, the U.S. retailers won the popularity among British consumers because[A] The Englishmen are fond of eating American snacks.[B] Their products can attract the consumers with novelty.[C] The American culture has penetrated in the media of Britain.[D] The Englishmen have their own brand awareness.22. The phrase "kicked off the latest rush into the British market" is closest in meaning to[A] commenced their business in Britain quickly.[B] tried very hard to enter into the British market.[C] dominated the British market at a rapid speed.[D] attacked the British market immediately.23. To show the success of American retailers, the passage cites the following examples EXCEPT[A] Best Buy has gained most of the market share in Britain.[B] Forever 21 extended its branches in many cities of Britain.[C] The sales volume of Hollister in Britain is five times more than in America.[D] Banana Republic is well-known in Britain from its website, blogs and forums.24. Which of the following statements about the passage is NOT true?[A] The British retailing market is so competitive that it is not easy to be penetrated.[B] There may be no perfect time for American retailers to enter into the British market.[C] The American retailers are definitely achieving big success in the Britain market.[D] The after-sale service provided by American retailers satisfied British consumers.25. Which category of writing does the review belong to?[A] Narration[B] Description[C] Exposition[D] Argumentation26. The word "hegemony" in the first paragraph means[A] ascendancy[B] ownership[C] influence[D] reputation27. According to the passage, most Black South Africans view English as something of[A] commercial value[B] great value for livelihood[C] power and success[D] civilization and reputation28. The decline of African languages is due to all the following EXCEPT[A] African languages are seldom used officially.[B] The leaders use English rather than African languages.[C] The dominance of English among the public.[D] Most of the Africans are good at English.29. Which of the following efforts has been taken to halt the extinction of African languages?[A] African language has been regarded as a sign of modernity and sophistication.[B] All pupils should be taught in their mother tongue in primary school.[C] The number of official languages has recently been reduced to three.[D] The best-selling weekend newspaper has issued an African-language version.30. What is the author's feeling towards the disappearance of African languages?[A] disappointed[B] optimistic[C] neutral[D] critical31. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in[A] Britain.[B] Britain and U.S.A..[C] The United States.[D] all the English-speaking countries.32. The largest lake in Britain is[A] Loch Lomond.[B] the Lough Neagh.[C] Windermere.[D] Ullswater.33. __________ has been called the "cradle of American liberty".[A] Philadelphia[B] Boston[C] Plymouth[D] Chicago34. __________ is the second largest city of Canada.[A] Corner Brook[B] Toronto[C] Montreal[D] Vancouver35. It is generally regarded that Keats' most important and mature poems are in the form of[A] elegy.[B] ode.[C] epic.[D] sonnet.36. The cradle of the Renaissance is[A] Germany.[B] England.[C] America.[D] Italy.37. The book that gives a fairly accurate picture of southern plantation life is[A] An American Tragedy.[B] The Call of the Wild.[C] Uncle Tom's Cabin.[D] A Hazard of New Fortunes.38. The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of[A] reference.[B] sense.[C] concept.[D] meaning.39. The word camcorder is formed by[A] coinage.[B] blending.[C] borrowing.[D] back-formation.40. The language produced by second language learners is technically called[A] interlanguage.[B] foreign language.[C] first language.[D] second language.它不像汉白玉那样的细腻,可以刻字雕花,也不像大青石那样的光滑,可以浣纱捶布。

专业英语八级(社会热点类写作)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级(社会热点类写作)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级(社会热点类写作)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有: 6. WRITINGPART VI WRITING (45 MIN)Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic.1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Electronic communication will replace traditional means of communication. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your opinion, and in the second part you should support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案:Will Electronic Communication Replace Traditional Means of Communication? With the arrival of information age, the communication between people has become much more convenient than ever. Electronic communication media has provided us with high-speed and economical ways of communicating. However, in many respects it cannot replace the traditional means of communication. It is true that electronic communication media has its own advantages; the most conspicuous one is their high speed. By the means of electronic mail, the time spent in transit is greatly reduced. In addition, it has saved a large quantity of money. For instance, we no longer have to buy a ticket to see an opera. Furthermore, electronic communication has also brought us convenience: with the aid of a telephone, people thousands of miles away from each other can have a talk without meeting face-to-face. There are still many other advantages of electronic communication media, but despite all these advantages, it does prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication and therefore, is inferior to traditional ways of communication in some respects. First of all, the screen is emotionless: the words are emotionless: the sentences are emotionless: the mail is emotionless: no one sees the mood behind the letters. People are getting used to the lack of truthfulness on the Internet; who knows what kind of person you are chatting with? On the contrary, in traditional face-to-face communications each person gets a vivid impression of the other, and understands and thoroughly appreciates the other’s opinion and mode of expression. We see each other, hear each other, and can acknowledge what the other is really thinking about with only the hint of gesture. Secondly, it is rather hard to find real friends by chatting online. Many netizens simply regard chatting as a pastime, so they talk nonsense more than they talk sense. As a result, when you want to pour out your troubles, few are willing to lend a sympathetic ear. What’s worse, if it is a social networking site you are using for making friends, then adding the person as afriend means he will have access to all your details. The person if not good can misuse your personal details for malicious motives. To sum up, high-speed electronic communication media has its advantages, while the merits of the traditional ones can’t be overlooked. The traditional ways of communication outweigh the electronic ones without any doubt. The former should not replace the latter, but learn from them.解析:本文结构合理,论证有力。

2002年英语专八真题及答案解析

2002年英语专八真题及答案解析
SECTION B INTERVIEW Questions 6 to 10 are based on an interview .At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 6. According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is ___. A. English language proficiency B. different cultural practices C. different negotiation tasks D. the international Americanized style 7. Janet’s attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for business negotiations is ___. A. supportive B. negative C. ambiguous D. cautious
2002 年专业英语八级考试真题试卷及答案详解
●试卷一 (95 min)
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (40 min) In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your Coloured Answer Sheet.

英语专八阅读理解模拟试题附带翻译及解析

英语专八阅读理解模拟试题附带翻译及解析

英语专八阅读理解模拟试题(附带翻译及解析)考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析一The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise;and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha!experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just ofimplementing the solution.1. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to[A] Speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.[B] Identify a problem.[C] Bring together disparate facts.[D] Stipulate clear goals.2. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2?[A] They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.[B] They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.[C] They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.[D] They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.3. It can be inferred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis?[A] Manager X analyzes first and then acts;Manager Y does not.[B] Manager X checks possible solutions to a problem by systematic analysis;Manager Y does not.[C] Manager X takes action in order to arrive at the solution to a problem;Manager Y does not.[D] Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to a problem;Manager X does not.4. The text provides support for which of the following statements?[A] Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.[B] Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.[C] Managers'' intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.[D] Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.5. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text?[A] An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is given.[B] A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.[C] The results of recent research are introduced and summarized.[D] Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.答案与考点解析1. 「答案」D「考点解析」这是一道归纳推导题。

2023年英语专八新题型阅读模拟训练附详细答案解析

2023年英语专八新题型阅读模拟训练附详细答案解析

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM OF CISISUMODEL TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (1)-GRADE EIGHT-PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are four passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEFrom the Chrysler Corporation to the Central Intelligence Agency, cultural diversity programs are flourishing in American organizations today. Firms can no longer safely assume that every employee walking in the door has similar beliefs or expectations. Whereas North American white males may believe in challenging authority, Asians tend to respect and defer to it. In Hispanic cultures, people often bring music, food, and family members to work, a custom that U.S. businesses have traditionally not allowed. A job applicant who won't make eye contact during an interview may be rejected for being unapproachable, when according to her culture, she was just being polite.As a larger number of women, minorities, and immigrants enter the U.S. work force, the workplace is growing more diverse. It is estimated that by 2023 women will make up about 48 percent of the U.S. work force, and African Americans and Hispanics will each account for about 11 percent; by the year 2050, minorities will make up over 50 percent of the American population.Cultural diversity refers to the differences among people in a work force due to race, ethnicity, and gender. Increasing cultural diversity is forcing managers to learn to supervise and motivate people with a broader range of values systems. According to a recent survey by the American Management Association, half of all U.S. employers have established some kind of formal initiative to promote and manage cultural diversity. Although demographics isn't the only reason for the growth of these programs, it is a compelling one. An increasing number of organizationshave come to believe that diversity, like quality and customer service, is a competitive edge. A more diverse work force provides a wider range of ideas and perspectives and fosters creativity and innovation. Avenues for encouraging diversity include recruiting at historically black colleges and universities, training and development, mentoring, and revamped promotion review policies. To get out the message about their commitment to diversity, many organizations establish diversity councils made up of employees, managers and executives.Although many Fortune 500 companies are making diversity part of their strategic planning process, some programs stand out from the crowd.At Texas Instruments, strategies for enhancing diversity include an aggressive recruiting plan, diversity training, mentoring, and an incentive compensation program that rewards managers for fostering diversity. Each business unit has a diversity manager who implements these strategies and works closely with the company's Diversity Network. The network provides a forum of employees to share ideas, solicit support, and build coalitions.Convinced that strengthening diversity is a business imperative, Du Pont has established several programs to achieve that goal. In addition to training workshops and mentoring, Du Pont has established over 100 multicultural networks through which employees share work and life experiences and strive to help women and minorities reach higher levels of leadership and responsibility within the organization. Over half of Du Pont's new hires for professional and managerial positions are minorities and women.Disney World's director of diversity wants theme park guests to see themselves reflected in the diversity of Disney's employees. Working to attract diverse employees, Disney hopes to convince them that the organization understands, respects, and values who they are. By holding a variety of diversity celebrations every year—including Dr. Martin Luther King's Birthday, Asian-Pacific Heritage Month, Hispanic Heritage Month, Disability Awareness Month, and Native American Heritage Month—Disney opens the door to this kind of understanding.What do we learn from strong, successful diversity program such as these, as well as similar programs at Microsoft, Xerox, Procter & Gamble and Digital Equipment Corporation? First, they can go a long way toward eliminating prejudice in the workplace and removing barriers to advancement. Second, to be more than just the latest corporate buzzword, diversity programs require commitment from the top and a culture that supports an inclusive environment.1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as cultural diversity in the passage?A. Asian people tend to show submissiveness to their seniors.B. Spanish-speaking people enjoy gathering with their family members.C. African people try to avoid eye contact to show their respect.D. Americans might be innovators defying the experts in some fields.2.For a company to be successful in business, it should do all of the following EXCEPT to_________A. set up a division to supervise its employees.B. provide its clients with good services.C. guarantee the products it has produced.D. take in employees with different cultural background.3.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that diversity programs____________A. have been put into practice by dozens of big corporations.B. may provide the minorities with more chances.C. make no demand of managers.D. have an effect on employees' motivation.PASSAGE TWOMany thoughtful parents want to shield their children from feelings of guilt or shame in much the same way that they want to spare them from fear. Guilt and shame as methods of discipline are to be eschewed along with raised hands and leather straps. Fear, guilt and shame as methods of moral instruction are seen as failures in decent parenting. Parents want their children to be happy and how can you feel happy when you are feeling guilty, fearful or ashamed? If we were really convinced that using fear, guilt or shame as methods of discipline worked, though, we might be more ready to use them as techniques. But we aren't convinced that this is the case. We won't have more socially responsible people if fear, guilt and shame are part of their disciplinary diet as children. Instead, we will simply have unhappy people. Responsible behavior has nothing to do with the traditional methods of raising moral children.This doesn't mean that guilt isn't an important feeling. It is. Guilt helps keep people on the right moral track. But guilt is a derivative emotion, one that follows from having violated an internalized moral standard. This is far differentthan making someone feel guilty in order to create the standard in the first instance.My wife once edited a magazine about hunger. A view held by many associated with the sponsoring organization claimed: You can't get people to give money to starving children by making them feel guilty. So the magazine didn't show pictures of starving children, children with doleful eyes. Instead, there were photos of women in the fields, portraits of peasant farmers and pictures of political organizers. But the publishers weren't completely right about believing that guilt-inducing pictures don't lead to moral action. In fact, it was the graphic pictures of starving children in Somalia that called the world's attention to the dire situation there. The power of television is that it does bring images of others' tragedies directly into our home. No rational analysis can do the same. When we are moved to pity, we should also be moved to action.If we don't do anything, then we feel guilty. We become part of the problem we see and feel guilty for letting bad things happen to people. How can I, good person that I am, let this continue? What have pricked the conscience here are guilty feelings.Guilty feelings arise when we have violated a moral norm that we accept as valid. A person who feels guilty, notes philosopher Herbert Morris, is one who has internalized norms and, as such, is committed to avoiding wrong. The mere fact that the wrong is believed to have occurred, regardless of who bears responsibility for it, naturally causes distress. When we are attached to a person, injury to that person causes us pain regardless of who or what has occasioned the injury. We needn't believe that we had control over hurting (or not helping) another person in order to feel guilty.Psychologists Nico Frijda and Batja Mesquita of the University of Amsterdam find that people feel guilty about having harmed someone even when it was accidental. Nearly half the people they interviewed felt guilty for having caused unintended harm, such as hurting one's mother when leaving home to marry.Unintentional harm may lead to as strong guilty feelings as intentional harm. In other words, being careless is as much a source of guilt as intentional harm. We say, If only I had been more careful, If only I had paid more attention, If only I were a better driver. The fact that a court may not even bring charges against you in the first place may help to assuage some of the pain but it doesn't remove all the feelings of guilt.The feeling is useful in so far as it makes us more cautious, makes us better drivers or moves us to sociallyresponsible action. The sociopath never experiences such feelings and therefore poses a danger to society; the neurotic experiences so much of it that he can't function normally in society.Feeling guilty for harm you have caused when you aren't responsible is possible because there is a more generalized readiness to accept responsibility for your actions. Guilt arises when we think we have had choices and then have made the wrong moral choice. Guilt and responsibility appear to go together. If we do harm and feel no guilty, then we don't believe we are responsible for what we've done. This means that we see ourselves as victims—of circumstances, of coercion, of ignorance and so forth.Remember that people who think of themselves as victims do so because they believe they have no control over events in their lives. They don't feel responsible and therefore don't feel guilty either. Several tactics can be used in disavowing responsibility: following the crowd, it is someone else's problem, it was done under coercion.None of us is perfect and that we live in an imperfect world. This means that we can't avoid hurting others. If we accept this, then we have to accept guilty feelings as a consequence of being moral people.4. Which of the following statements about guilt might the writer agree with?A. Guilt is used as a method to discipline children.B. To set up a moral standard, you should feel guilty.C. Guilt is a feeling that comes with breaking some moral standard.D. The feeling of guilt often goes together with shame and fear.5. The publishers of the magazine mentioned in the third paragraph thinkA. guilt-inducing photos can bring on moral action.B. it's not sure whether guilt-inducing photos bring on moral action.C. guilt-inducing photos partially help bring on moral action.D. moral action has nothing to do with guilt-inducing photos.6. People will feel painful when a person_____ is hurt no matter what causes the injury.A. they knowB. they loveC. they hateD. they value7. The writer mentions_____ as a pair to indicate that people should have moderate feelings of guilt.A. eccentric people and fashionable peopleB. overanxious people and less sociable peopleC. sociable people and healthy peopleD. reserved people and radical people8. Which of the following is NOT an excuse some people make for denying their responsibility?A. They went with the stream.B. They were misled by others.C. They were forced to do it.D. Other people should bear the blame.PASSAGE THREEHigh, high above the North Pole, on the first day of 1969, two professors of English literature approached each other at a combined velocity of 1,200 miles’ hour. They were protected from the thin, cold air by the pressurized cabins of two Boeing 707s, and from the risk of collision by the prudent arrangement of the international air corridors. Although they had never met, the two men were known to each other by name. They were, in fact, in process of exchanging posts for the next six months, and in an age of more leisurely transportation the intersection of their respective routes might have been marked by some interesting human gesture: had they waved, for example, from the decks of two ocean liners crossing in mid-Atlantic, each man simultaneously focusing a telescope, by chance, on the other, with his free hand; or, more plausibly, a little mime of mutual appraisal might have been played out through the windows of two railway compartments halted side by side at the same station somewhere in Hampshire or the Mid-West, the more self-conscious party relieved to feel himself, at last, moving off, only to discover that it is the other man's train that is moving first...However, it was not to be. Since the two men were in airplanes, and one was bored and the other frightened of looking out of the window; since, in any ease, the planes were too distant from each other to be mutually visible with the naked eye, the crossing of their paths at the still point of the turning world passed unremarked by anyone other than the narrator of this duplex chronicle.“Duplex” as well as having the general meaning of two-fold applies in the jargon of electrical telegraphy to systems in which messages are sent simultaneously in opposite directions. Imagine, if you will, that each of these two professors of English Literature is connected to his native land, place of employment and domestic hearth by an infinitely elastic cord of emotions, attitudes and values: a cord which stretches and stretches almost to the point of invisibility, but never quite to breaking-point, as he hurtles through the air at 600 miles per hour. Imagine that when the two men alight in each other’s' territory, and go about their business and pleasure, whatever vibrations are passed back by one to his native habitat will be felt by the other, and vice versa, and thus return to the transmitter subtlymodified by the response of the other party; may, indeed, return to him along the other party's cord of communication, which is, after all anchored in the place where he has just arrived.One of these differences we can take in at a glance from our privileged narrative altitude (higher than that of any jet).It is obvious, from his stiff, upright posture, and fulsome gratitude to the stewardess serving him a glass of orange juice, that Philip Swallow, flying westward, is unaccustomed to air travel; while to Morris Zapp, slouched in the seat of his eastbound aircraft, chewing a dead cigar (a hostess has made him extinguish it) and glowering at the meager portion of ice dissolving in his plastic tumbler of bourbon, the experience of long-distance air travel is tediously familiar. Philip Swallow has, in fact, flown before; but so seldom, and at such long intervals9that on each occasion he suffers the same trauma, an alternating current of fear and re-assurance that charges and relaxes his system in a persistent and exhausting rhythm.While he is on the ground, preparing for his journey, he thinks of flying with exhilaration: soaring up, up and away into the blue sky, cradled in aircraft that seem, from a distance, effortlessly at home in that element, as though sculpted from the sky itself. This confidence begins to fade a little when he arrives at the airport and winces at the shrill screaming of jet engines. In the sky the planes look very small. On the runways they look very big. Therefore, close up they should look even bigger but in fact they don't. His own plane, for instance, just outside the window of the assembly lounge, doesn't look quite big enough for all the people who are going to get into it. This impression is confirmed when he passes through the tunnel into the cabin of the aircraft, a cramped tube full of writhing limbs. But when he, and the other passengers, are seated, well-being returns. The seats are 80 remarkably comfortable that one feels quite content to stay put, but it is reassuring that the aisle is free should one wish to walk up it. There is soothing music playing. The lighting is restful. A stewardess offers him the morning paper. His baggage is safely stowed away in the plane somewhere, or if it is not, that isn't his fault, which is the main thing. Flying is, after all, the only way to travel.9. When the writer talks about two ships and two trains, in fact he is_________A. recalling his past experience.B. expressing his regret over his past time.C. imagining what might have happened in the past.D. reminding the reader that we owe our convenience to them.10. According to the passage, _____connects the two professors with their motherlands.A. a springy ropeB.an invisible feelingC. a series of eventsD. telecommunication11. The word “fulsome” in the third paragraph probably means_________A. polite.B. superfluous.C. insincere.D. euphemistic.PASSAGE FOUROur next task is to consider the policies and principles a ruler ought to follow in dealing with his subjects or with his friends. Since I know many people have written on this subject, I am concerned it may be thought presumptuous for me to write on it as well, especially since what I have to say, as regards this question in particular, will differ greatly from the recommendations of others. But my hope is to write a book that will be useful, at least to those who read it intelligently, and so I thought it sensible to go straight to a discussion of how things are in real life and not waste time with a discussion of an imaginary world. For many authors have constructed imaginary republics and principalities that have never existed in practice and never could; for the gap between how people actually behave and how they ought to behave is so great that anyone who ignores everyday reality in order to live up to an ideal will soon discover he has been taught how to destroy himself, not how to preserve himself. For anyone who wants to act the part of a good man in all circumstances will bring about his own ruin, for those he has to deal with will not all be good. So it is necessary for a ruler, if he wants to hold on to Power, to learn how not to be good, and to know when it is and when it is not necessary to use this knowledge.Let us leave to one side, then all discussion of imaginary rulers and talk about practical realities. I maintain that all men, when people talk about them, and especially rulers, because they hold positions of authority, are described in terms of qualities that are inextricably linked to censure or to praise. So one man is described as generous, another as a miser; one is called open-handed, another tight-fisted; one man is cruel, another gentle; one untrustworthy9another reliable; one effeminate and cowardly, another bold and violent; one sympathetic, another self-important; one promiscuous, another monogamous; one straightforward, another duplicitous; one tough, another easy-going; one serious, another cheerful; one religious, another atheistically; and so on.Now I know everyone will agree that if a ruler could have all the good qualities I have listed and none of the bad ones, then this would be an excellent state of affairs. But one cannot have all the good qualities, nor always act in a praiseworthy fashion, for we do not live in an ideal world. You have to be canny enough to avoid being thoughtto have those evil qualities that would make it impossible for you to retain power; as for those that are compatible with holding on to power, you should avoid them if you can; but if you cannot, then you should not worry too much if people say you have them. Above all, do not be upset if you are supposed to have those vices a ruler needs if he is going to stay securely in power, for, if you think about it, you will realize there are some ways of behaving that are supposed to be virtuous, but would lead to your downfall, and others that are supposed to be wicked,but will lead to your welfare and peace of mind.12. The word “presumptuous” in the first paragraph probably means__________A. showing dishonesty.B. showing rebellion.C. showing submission.D. showing disrespect.13. If a ruler follows other authors' suggestion, he mightA. try his best to be a good egg all the time.B. understand the importance of an authoritative statement.C. try to gain great fame and high prestige.D. know when to be kind and when to be cruel.14.In the book, the author's discussion most likely focuses onA. presenting a real world to his readers.B. describing an ideal society to his readers.C. explaining how to construct a perfect system.D. illustrating what a wise ruler should do. SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE15. Why does the author mention Du Pont’s diversity programs in the sixth paragraph?PASSAGE TWO16. What does the word “assuage” in the seventh paragraph mean?PASSAGE THREE17. Why did the two professors of English literature take their flights?18. What does “the same trauma” refer to in the third paragraph?19. When does Philip Swallow feel comfortable?PASSAGE FOUR20. What is the generally accepted state of highest perfection for a ruler?21. What does a ruler need if he wants to secure the power in his own hands?22. What would be a suitable title for the passage?参考答案及解析1参考答案:C细节题。

2023年专八英语阅读考试模拟题带答案解析

2023年专八英语阅读考试模拟题带答案解析

2023年专八英语阅读考试模拟题带答案解析2023年专八英语阅读考试模拟题带答案解析1.The black and white stripes of the zebra are most useful form ___________[A]hunters.[B]nocturnal predators[C]lions and tigers.[C]insectivorous Vertrbrata2.Aggressive resemblance occurs when ___________[A]a predaceous attitude is assumed.[B]special resemblance is utilized.[C]an animal relies on speed.3.Special resemblance differs from general resemblance in that the animal relies on ___________[A]its ability to frighten its adversary.[B]speed.[C]its ability to assume an attitude.[D]mistaken identify4.The title below that best expresses the ides of this passage is ___________[A]Cryptic coloration for Protection.[B]How Animals Survive.[C]The uses of Mimicry in Nature.[D]Resemblances of Animals.5.Of the following which is the least mon?[A]protective resemblance.[B]General resemblance.[C]Aggressive resemblance.[D]Special resemblance.Vocabulary1. cryptic 隐藏的,保护的cryptic coloring 保护色,隐藏色2. predaceous 食肉的,捕食其他动物的。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

1. According to Ellen, the increasing demand for hiring is due to[A] good economic environment.[B] good majors in colleges.[C] the new policy on economy.[D] expansion of some large corporations.2. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?[A] Accounting, and finance graduates are easier to find a job.[B] Starting salary for engineering students are higher now.[C] Competition among employers remains as fierce as before.[D] Employers plan to hire more grads this year than last year.3. Why does Ellen suggest that students Should not rely on the Internet?[A] Because it will reduce the chance of getting a job.[B] Because it is full of fraud.[C] Because it will become the graduates' only strategy.[D] Because it is a waste of time.4. Which of the following is NOT Ellen's advice to graduates?[A] Asking general questions about companies and requirements.[B] Being confident to take charge.[C] Getting familiar with the company before you go in there.[D] Being aware of your interviewing skills.5. In Ellen's opinion, electronic footprint can[A] help develop the graduates' confidence.[B] bring a positive effect to job hunters.[C] get the graduates off the coach.[D] be tracked by prospective employers.6. Leading stock markets have been weighed down in the past few weeks, because of[A] the high unemployment rate.[B] the weak housing market.[C] weakening economic recovery.[D] the fear of weakening recovery.7. The violence erupted in the southern Calabrian town of Rosarno, because __________.[A] two immigrants were shot by white local youths.[B] two immigrants fought with white local youths.[C] African farm workers clashed with two polices.[D] local security forces shot two African immigrants.8. __________ migrants have been treated in hospital after the clashes.[A] 750[B] 300[C] 21[D] 89. President Obama is now focusing on __________.[A] stabilizing the national economy.[B] creating money woes for many families.[C] addressing daily issues that create money woes.[D] preventing the collapse of big financial firms.10. The White House advisory panel is set up to __________.[A] show cares to the middle class.[B] create more jobs for the middle class.[C] help the middle class go through the difficult decades.[D] study and solve the problems the middle class faced.11. The sentence in the first paragraph “The world isn't flat…it's paved.”implies that[A] the world is a round settled planet.[B] citys are built by human beings.[C] urban life is better than suburban life.[D] people prefer to dwell in the countryside.12. Which of the following does NOT show the results of urbanization?[A] It enables citizens to think and work creatively.[B] Manufacturing productivity has been improved.[C] It encourages more environment friendly living style.[D] It attracts people and enables them to collaborate.13. According to Mr Glaeser's theory, which of the following is NOT tree?[A] People should notice something positive about urban poverty.[B] Low-rise neighbourhoods are advisable in developing countries.[C] The mortgage interest policy promotes sprawl in America.[D] The story of Matin County is a good demonstration of flawed policies.14. Which of the following adjectives best describes the author's treatment of Glaeser's argumentation?[A] Indifferent[B] Neutral[C] Affirmative[D] Critical15. According to the first paragraph, the experiment is designed by Ellen Langer to show[A] how men could rewind the body clock.[B] how the old men traveled back to the past.[C] how the old hotel influences people's mind.[D] how the state of mind influences health.16. Which of the following is NOT true about the old men in the experimental group during Langer's experiment?[A] They look younger than they are.[B] They look much happier than before.[C] Their joints tend to be more flexible.[D] They have fewer diseases than before.17. The word woo-wooey in the third paragraph probably means[A] marvelous[B] incredible[C] impractical[D] mysterious18. What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the topic?[A] To show how to use an eye chart in an unordinary way.[B] To show that the regular eye chart is not properly designed.[C] To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraphs.[D] To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.19. The sentence in the sixth paragraph "Similar signals also... for disease" implies that __________.[A] We tend to accept that becoming old is inevitable.[B] We usually have no doubts about doctor's diagnosis.[C] Illness often leaves us in a difficult situation.[D] Fixed ideas about illnesses can women the situation.20. We can infer from the passage that __________.[A] Rich people tend to be more conscious of getting old.[B] It is beneficial for human beings to travel back to the past.[C] An upside-down eye chart is good for people's eyesight.[D] Men's mindset can wipe out illness like hand arthritis.21. According to the reports, the U.S. retailers won the popularity among British consumers because[A] The Englishmen are fond of eating American snacks.[B] Their products can attract the consumers with novelty.[C] The American culture has penetrated in the media of Britain.[D] The Englishmen have their own brand awareness.22. The phrase "kicked off the latest rush into the British market" is closest in meaning to[A] commenced their business in Britain quickly.[B] tried very hard to enter into the British market.[C] dominated the British market at a rapid speed.[D] attacked the British market immediately.23. To show the success of American retailers, the passage cites the following examples EXCEPT[A] Best Buy has gained most of the market share in Britain.[B] Forever 21 extended its branches in many cities of Britain.[C] The sales volume of Hollister in Britain is five times more than in America.[D] Banana Republic is well-known in Britain from its website, blogs and forums.24. Which of the following statements about the passage is NOT true?[A] The British retailing market is so competitive that it is not easy to be penetrated.[B] There may be no perfect time for American retailers to enter into the British market.[C] The American retailers are definitely achieving big success in the Britain market.[D] The after-sale service provided by American retailers satisfied British consumers.25. Which category of writing does the review belong to?[A] Narration[B] Description[C] Exposition[D] Argumentation26. The word "hegemony" in the first paragraph means[A] ascendancy[C] influence[D] reputation27. According to the passage, most Black South Africans view English as something of[A] commercial value[B] great value for livelihood[C] power and success[D] civilization and reputation28. The decline of African languages is due to all the following EXCEPT[A] African languages are seldom used officially.[B] The leaders use English rather than African languages.[C] The dominance of English among the public.[D] Most of the Africans are good at English.29. Which of the following efforts has been taken to halt the extinction of African languages?[A] African language has been regarded as a sign of modernity and sophistication.[B] All pupils should be taught in their mother tongue in primary school.[C] The number of official languages has recently been reduced to three.[D] The best-selling weekend newspaper has issued an African-language version.30. What is the author's feeling towards the disappearance of African languages?[A] disappointed[B] optimistic[C] neutral[D] critical31. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in[A] Britain.[B] Britain and U.S.A..[C] The United States.[D] all the English-speaking countries.32. The largest lake in Britain is[A] Loch Lomond.[B] the Lough Neagh.[C] Windermere.[D] Ullswater.33. __________ has been called the "cradle of American liberty".[A] Philadelphia[B] Boston[C] Plymouth[D] Chicago34. __________ is the second largest city of Canada.[A] Corner Brook[B] Toronto[D] Vancouver35. It is generally regarded that Keats' most important and mature poems are in the form of[A] elegy.[B] ode.[C] epic.[D] sonnet.36. The cradle of the Renaissance is[A] Germany.[B] England.[C] America.[D] Italy.37. The book that gives a fairly accurate picture of southern plantation life is[A] An American Tragedy.[B] The Call of the Wild.[C] Uncle Tom's Cabin.[D] A Hazard of New Fortunes.38. The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of[A] reference.[B] sense.[C] concept.[D] meaning.39. The word camcorder is formed by[A] coinage.[B] blending.[C] borrowing.[D] back-formation.40. The language produced by second language learners is technically called[A] interlanguage.[B] foreign language.[C] first language.[D] second language.它不像汉白玉那样的细腻,可以刻字雕花,也不像大青石那样的光滑,可以浣纱捶布。

相关文档
最新文档