四川省成都市2016届高三英语下册第二次诊断考试题讲解

成都市高2013级高中毕业班第二次诊断性测试英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

第工卷（选择题）1至8页，第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）9至10页，共10页；满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第I卷（100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a restaurant.B. In a driving school.C. At a car rental agency.2. Why does the woman took tired?A. Because she fell ill.B. Because she stayed up.C.f3ecause she slept badly.3. What does the woman want to do?A. To change a sweater.B. To buy another sweater.C. To sell a sweater.4. When will the man probably call the woman?A. On Wednesday.B. On Friday.C. On Sunday.5. What are the two speakers about to do?A. To move the trunk.B. To find something red.C. To wave the man's T-shirt第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6．Where is the meeting?A. In the man's office.B. In Henry's office.C. In Tom's office.7. What will the man do first?A. Sign the letters.B. Have lunch.C. Attend the meeting.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Cleaning.B. Removing.C. Traveling.9. What do we know about their baby?A. It-s a boy called Tom.B. It's a girl called NatalieC. It's due quite soon.听第8段材料，回答第10至l2题。

10. How old was the schoolboy?A. 14. B．17. C．18.11. Why did the schoolboy break into the US military computers?A. To get their secrets.B. To sell his software program.C. To download films and music faster.12. What does the woman think of the schoolboy?A. Interesting.B. Troublesome.C. Gifted.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is Harry?A.A musician.B.A writer.C.A pilot.14. Who is the woman-s oldest friend?A. Mandy.B.Fiona.C.Rose.15. What is George doing?A. Smoking.B. Drinking.C. Dancing.16. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In the man-s home.B. In the woman-s home.C. At a hotel.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is a modern English breakfast like?A. Simple and quick.B. Big and rich.C. Simple and horrible.18. What is unacceptable for many visitors to Britain?A. Sandwiches with salad and meat.B. Coffee made with hot water.C．Tea with cold milk.19. How do most school-children deal with their lunch?A. Eat in sandwich bars.B. Take a snack from home.C. Have a hot meal at school.20. What makes the dinner on Sundays different?A. People all have it just at 6 p.m.B. The whole family have it together.C. People have meat and vegetables for it.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ANASA-s New Horizons probe（宇宙探测器）flew by Pluto（冥王星）this morning,sending back history's first up-close looks at the vast freezing-cold world. Closestapproach came at 7:49 a.m. EDT. To celebrate, NASA gave out the latest photo ofPluto. It showed a reddish world with an amazing heart-shaped feature on its surface.After today's close encounter, all the nine solar system's traditionally recognizedplanets have now been visited by a spaceship-a huge project begun in 1962 when NASA'sMariner 2 probe flew past Venus, a planet in the solar system. More than l,200scientists, NASA guests and important persons, including 200 reporters, watched theflyby live at New Horizons' mission control center.That close encounter has been a long time coming. The$723 million New Horizonsmission launched in January 2006 but began taking shape in 1989. "New Horizons is'acapstone mission'," Glen Fountain, mission project manager told Space, com. "It is thefirst completion of the observations of our solar system. It-s giving us a new idea abouthow we human beings fit into the universe."New Horizons "faced a crazy number of challenges," Stern, a driving force behindNew Horizons said, "So many people stuck with this for so long. They got knockeddown; they stood up. They got knocked down again; they stood up again.”In a coincidence, today's close approach falls on the 50th anniversary of the first flybyof Mars, another planet, which was completed by NASA-s Mariner 4 spaceship.There are no longer nine officially recognized planets, of course. The InternationalAstronomical Union regarded Pluto as “a dwarf planet" in 2006 in a decision that remainscontroversial（有争议的）today.21. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. Ideas still vary in the identity of Pluto.B. Only scientists could watch the flyby live.C. Mars is the first planet visited by a spaceship.D. New Horizons mission aimed to observe the solar system.22. Glen Fountain may probably agree that _____________________．A. it is the most difficult to land on Pluto in the solar systemB. New Horizons mission is a long and troublesome projectC. their strong determination leads to the successful flybyD. people are likely to find new ways to fit into space23. Which is the best title for the passage?A.A New Horizons ProbeB. NASA's Huge ProjectC. Pluto,a Controversial PlanetD. A Close Approach to PlutoBHaving spring around makes you feel different after such a long winter journey. Thepower of sunshine brings us a lot of comfort, optimism, self-confidence and of course asmile. Imagine how great it will be if we are so positive all year round！Living like this is possible if you really think about it. In order to exist in such a stateo~ happiness, we must have sunshine radiating from within ourselves, shining from ourhearts, minds and souls. Actually, that-s your choice, and if you thinkthat way then yourown life will reflect that attitude of yours!In order to make "sunshine" or rather, "light" part of our being, it is so importantthat you watch your thoughts, your words and your actions so that you will accept whatyou really feel you'd like to create in your own life. Watch your thoughts and reallybecome aware of how many negative thoughts pass through your mind about yourself andother people around you. Watch to see how often you gossip (说闲话) about other people,which is actually often attached with feelings of jealousy (妒忌) and insecurity aboutyourself.You are also supposed to take a close look at your "intention". How many of you (Iosomething for another person without expecting to receive something in return? It mightnot even have to be a material or physical thing you expect; expecting to be recognized forwhat you have done is enough to create conditions on your intention.Think about it!Putting all of these together, it seems that most of us are creating monsters inside usjust by simply talking, thinking and not putting our heart out with the right intentiontowards helping someone else. If you take all your negative attitudes in one hand andmeasure your need to feel "sunshine" in the other, you will see how both these elementsreally contradict each other.Be brave and break your patterns and your habits this spring, and by doing so. youwill allow the true sunshine to take place by radiating out from your heart and into yourlife and the lives of the people around you！24. You can have sunshine shining from your inside .A. by measuring what you needB. by helping someone elseC. by watching what you think, say and doD. by changing your intention25. According to the writer, you don t feel secure about yourself when you .A. gossip about other peopleB. take a close look at your intentionC. expect to be recognized for what you’ve doneD. become aware of your negative thoughts26. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Expecting something in return for our help isn’t the right intention.B. Breaking our patterns is the most important to get true sunshine.C. If we don-t intend to help others, we create monsters inside us.D. Negative attitudes have little to do with happiness.27. The passage is written mainly to _ .A. stress the importance of the positive life styleB. analyze the intentions and thoughts in our mindC. offer advice on having sunshine from our insideD. warn us about the bad effects of negative attitudesCFace-book chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg and Anna Maria Chavez, chief ofAmerican Girl Scouts, are leading a campaign to discourage the use of the word "bossy".Does the term destroy the confidence of young girls?The campaign claims that terms like "bossy" are improperly appliedto females,preventing schoolgirls from seeing themselves as future "leaders". From its firstapplication, the word has been definitely connected more with women than with men Itfirst appeared in 1882, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, mentioning "a ladymanager who was extremely bossy . As late as 2008, the word appeared in reference tofemales four times more often than males, claim the Ban Bossy campaigners. "To me, thereference is always in association with women," says Helen Trim, director of FreshMinds. "I have three brothers and my family still call me 'bossy' today. " Her father isthe only other family member who could be considered in that way, says Trim, butnobody would ever call him so.Some educators recommend that the word should be reclaimed, rather than banned."But the thing with 'bossy' is that there-s an infantile(幼稚的) element to it, says SaraMills, professor at Sheffield University. "You think of ' bossy 'as being like a little kidwho's claiming more than he has the right to claim. "It's not just "bossy" under fire. "Pushy" is another target. The implication is thatwomen shouldn't present themselves as powerful and confident, Mills suggests, whichsome women are willing to listen to and accept. Trim points out that many modern femalebusiness role models are able to be bosses without being labeled 'bossy'. And she rarely,if ever, hears the word used within her company. But she says that the damage may bedone much earlier in a woman's life. "It does come about from those early teenage years. "she says. "I think it’s impossible to ban a word, but if people are replacing it with wordslike 'confidence' or 6assertiveness', we would all be in a much better place. "28. More evidence is provided to show "bossy" is more applied to females by _ .A. the Oxford English DictionaryB. the Ban BossycampaignersC. Helen Trim at Fresh MindsD. some experts in education29. Trim's family still consider her bossy because .A. she is expected to lead in her familyB. she is the boss of her companyC. she is a powerful and confident femaleD. her father considers her that way30. The underlined part "under fire most probably means .A. definitely replacedB. strongly criticizedC. improperly appliedD. eagerly expected31. How does the author sound when referring to the campaign against "bossy"?A. Objective.B. Angry.C. DoubtfulD. Optimistic.DProfessional footballers have worryingly poor teeth that could be affecting theirperformance on the football ground, say dentists. Their study on players at eight clubs inEngland and Wales, in the British Journal o f Sports Medicine, showed nearly 4 0ut of 10had cavities （蛀牙) and that athletes often had worse teeth than the general population.Regularly taking sugary foods is one possible explanation.The dentists, from the International Centre for Evidence-Based Oral Health atUniversity College London, examined 187 players' sets of teeth. They found 53% haddental erosion (腐蚀), 45% were bothered by the state of their teeth and 7% said itaffected their ability to train or play. Around 40% had cavities, compared with 30% ofpeople of a similar age in the general population.Prof Ian Needleman, one of the researchers, said: "These are individuals whootherwise invest so much in themselves so it’s a surprising finding."There are two main groups - some have a catastrophic effect, they have veryserious disease that stops them in their tracks and they cannot play or train."There Il be others experiencing pain affecting sleep orsensitivity every time they takea drink. "At this level of athlete, even small differences can be quite telling.Nutrition is one of the primary suspects with having too many sugary or acidic foodsduring training potentially accounting for cavities and erosion. A lot of air in the mouthduring exercise can also dry it out so there is less protection.While these findings are worrying, clubs are attaching greater importance to dentalhealth and educating their players. According to Stijin Vandenbroucke, head of medicineand sports science at West Ham United, oral health is an area where many athletes havegreater problems than the general population and there are clear benefits of oral diseaseprevention for athletes and clubs.32. What does the passage tell us about professional footballers teeth?A. Nearly 4 out of 10 players in the UK suffer from toothaches.B. They have been invested a great deal by individual players.C. Many players' poor teeth bother their career and daily life.D. British footballers teeth are examined regularly.33. What mainly results in professional footballers' poor teeth?A. Experiencing too much training.B. Eating food with too much sugar.C. Breathing in lots of air during exercise.D. Having little education of oral disease prevention.34. These findings are worrying clubs because____.A. footballers aren’t willing to give up sugary or acidic foodB. they've spent much on their players' oral disease preventionC. footballers have more serious tooth problems than the publicD. players' oral disease may lead to bad performance in games35. This passage is most probably taken from____.A. a dentist's diaryB. a sports newspaperC. a medicine magazineD. a science report第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。