2013年度河南省翻译竞赛试题(英语专业类)_20131115
2013年河南专升本专业英语真题
2013 年专业英语考试试题及参考答案Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure (1×30 points)Directions：There are 30 incomplete statements in this part. You are required to complete each one by choosing the most appropriate word or expression from the four choices marked A, B, C and D, then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.1.Virtue and vice are before you；leads youtohappiness, tomisery.A.former;latterB. the former; thelatterC. a former; a latterD. the former; latter2.The earth is about as themoon.A. as fiftytimebigB. as big fiftytimeC. fifty times as bigD. fifty as times big3.My sister is going to visit Xi’an with friends.A. other hertwolittleB. her other littletwoC. her two other littleD. her two little other4.The little girl was left alone, with to look after her.A.anyoneB. someoneC. not oneD. noone5.It was at thecoffeebar she met her husband for the firsttime.A.whereB./C. thatD.which6.“You realize that you were driving at 100 mph, don’t you?”“No,officer.I . This car can’t do more than80.”A. couldn’thavebeenB. may not havebeenC. didn’t need to beD. needn’t have been7.Don’t let him catchyou.A. dothatagainB. doing thatagainC. to do that againD. done that again8.He was thoroughly ashamed so much money on such an uglypicture.A.forspendingB. with spendingC. to have spentD. of having spent9.I never dreamed I here discussing state affairs with the otherdeputies.A. wouldbesittingB. would had beensittingC. will have been sittingD. will be sitting10.All these dictionaries are a great help to you,?A. are theyB. are all these dictionariesC. aren’t theyD. aren’t all these dictionaries11.Not until I shouted at the top of my voicehishead.A. hehadturnedB. that heturnedC. he didn’t turnD. did he turn12.Every meanstried but without muchresult.A.areB.isC. has beenD. have been13.It’s high timeyou.A. startedtoworkB. had started toworkC. will start to workD. would start to work14.We required that the machine partscastiron.A. ismadeofB. be madefromC. is made byD. be made of15., we could not have finished the work ontime.A.But for theirhelpB.Was it not for theirhelpC.If they do not helpusD.Should they offer to helpus16.No sooner had he finished his speechstormy applause brokeout.A. asB.thanC. thenD. when17.That’s the doctoron the seriously woundedman.A. thathe operatedB. that operatedhimC. who he operatedD. who operated18., she knows Germanywell.A. The child assheisB. As she is achildC. Child as she isD. A child as she is19.There is something wrong with Steven’s car, he must haveit.A.checkingB.checkedC. to checkD. check20.Her answer is not acceptable, and.A. neitheramIB. mine isneitherC. either is mineD. neither is mine21.No one can function properly if they are ofsleep.A. ridB. declinedC. refusedD.deprived22.This kind of analysis the problem to its simplestform.A.reducesB.decreasesC. breaksD. displaces23.Inthecurrenteconomicclimateitisfairlythatunemploymentwillcontinueto rise.A.reliableB. predictableC. desirableD. indifferent24.This mapcarriesa of one centimeter to tenkilometers.A.dimensionB.scaleC. diagramD. reference25.Thenewcomersfounditimpossibletothemselvestotheclimatesufficientlyto make permanent homes in the newcountry.A.coordinateB.regulateC. adaptD. suit26.The traitor was sent into to a remoteisland.A.expelB. extolC. excelD.exile27.Extensive reporting on television hashelpedto interest in a wide varietyofsports andactivities.A.generateB.gatherC. assembleD. yield28.Duringthe process,greatcarehastobetakentoprotectthesilkfromdamage.A.sensibleB.delicateC. tenderD. sensitive29.Thestrongstormdidalotofdamagetothecoastalvillages：severalfishing boatswere and many housescollapsed.A.wreckedB.tornC. spoiledD. injured30.Havingdecidedtorentaflat,wecontactingalltheaccommodationagenciesin thecity.A. set outB. setaboutC. setupD. setdownPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(2×20 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.“Loving a child is a circular business. The more you give, the more you get, the more you want to give, ”Penelope Leachwon said. What she said proves to be true to my blended family. I was born in 1931. As the youngest of six children, I learned to share my parents’ love.Raising six children during the difficult times of the Great Depression took its toll onmyparents’relationshipandresultedintheirdivorcewhenIwas18yearsold. Daddy never had very close relationship with his children and drifted even farther away from us after the divorce. Several years later,a wonderful woman came up into his life and theyweremarried. She had two sons, one of them still at home. Under her influence, we became a blended family and a good relationship developed between the two families. She always treated us as if we were her own children.Itwasbecauseofourothermother,Daddy’ssecondwife,that he became closer to his ownchildren.They shared over 25 years together before our father passed away. At the time ofhis death,thequestioncameupofmy mother,Daddy’sfirstwife,attendinghis funeral. I will never forget the unconditional love shown by my step mother. When I asked her if she would object to mother attending Daddy’s funeral, without giving it a second thought, she immediately replied, “Of course not, honey. She is the mother of mychildren.”31.According to the passage, what contributed to her parents’divorce?A.Familyviolence.B.The GreatDepression.C.Bad relationship between parents and their sixchildren.D.Her father’sdisloyalty.32.“Lovingachildis acircularbusiness.Themoreyougive,the moreyouget, the more you want to give.”How do you understand thissentence?A. Loveisblind.B. Love is abusiness.C. Love breeds love.D. Love can tame the wildest.33.What brought the father closer to his ownchildren?A.His children’sefforts.B.His improved financialcondition.C.His advancedage.D.His second wife’s positiveinfluence.34.Which one is NOT true about the writer’s stepmother?A.A wonderfulwoman.B.Unconditional love shown to her stepchildren.C.Positive influence on the blendedfamily.D.Caring for her own childrenonly.35.What message does the writer want to convey in thispassage?A.Divorce often has disastrousconsequences.B.Happiness is hard to find in blendedfamilies.C.The piety of the family relation should be respected in the highestdegree.D.Love is the base of family relationship especially in blendedfamilies. Likemanyofmygeneration,Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.Atsomepoint, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is ahero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves.Likehigh voltage transformers,heroestaketheenergyofhigherpowersandstepitdownsothatit can be used by ordinarypeople.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts( 催化剂)for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create newpossibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without RosaParksand MartinLutherKing,Jr.,wemightstillhavesegregated(隔离的)buses,restaurants,and parks. It may be possibleforlarge scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow,the vision uncertain, and the committee meetingsendless.36.Although heroes may come from different cultures, they.A.probably share some weaknesses of ordinarypeopleB.generally possess certain inspiringcharacteristicsC.are often influenced by previousgenerationsD.all unknowingly attract a large number offans37.According to the passage, heroes are comparedtohigh voltagetransformers inthat.A.they have a vision from themountaintopB.they can serve as concrete examples of nobleprinciplesC.they have warm feelings andemotionsD.they can make people feel stronger and moreconfident38.Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroesbecause.A.they are popular only among certain groups ofpeopleB.their primary concern is their own financialinterestsC.their performances do not improve their fansmorallyD.they are not clear about the principles they shouldfollow39.GandhiandMartinLuther Kingaretypicalexamplesofoutstandingleaderswho.A.are good at demonstrating their charmingcharactersB.can provide an answer to the problems of theirpeopleC.are capable of meeting all challenges andhardshipsD.can move the masses with their forcefulspeeches40.The author concludes that historical changes would.A.take place if there were heroes to lead thepeopleB.not happen without heroes making the necessarysacrificesC.be delayed without leaders with inspiring personalqualitiesD.produce leaders with attractivepersonalitiesKaren and Ken Mullin, a young professional couple in Cleveland, own fifty cookbooks and two fully equipped kitchens in their house. Yet they rarely cook their own meals；instead, on their way home from work they usually stop at a supermarket and choose twoportionsof meat loaf and a containerofready to serve potatoes. “My job,”says Karen, “is to pour the salad from thebag.”Ahalf century after the first TV dinner was born；the food industry is approachingits long sought dream of relieving people like the Mullins of unpaid labor in the final, and arguably most profitable, step by which a cow gets turned intomeatloaf.Increasingly,tablesinAmerica’skitchensareusednotforcuttingor peeling but for putting takeoutfoodonto plates, for those who even bother with plates. According to Harry Balzer,aninfluentialfood industry researcher,American dinners that came from a takeout counter increased by 24 percent in the past decade. “We thought the microwave would be a cooking device.”says Harry Balzer, “but we find it reheating takeoutpizza.”Across the United States, entire business models are being transformed. Supermarket takeout counters, formerly a place where unsold chickens were coated with sauce, increasinglyresemblehigh end corporate cafeterias,withsushi barsandstir fly stations.One psychologist thinks the trend toward healthier eating is responsible：Americans have finally gotten the message that it’s bad to eat flied chicken, so they’re doing it at home where no one can see them.Of course, there are people you wouldn’t expect to cook at home, like Steve Traxler,an unmarried Chicago theater producer,whose refrigerator contains littlemore than orange juice, wine and leftovers.Well, somebody must be using those cookbooks, right? “People don’t havetime to cook；I think they’re reading them in bed,”says Rozanne Gold, author ofa cookbook.It’snotentirelyaquestionoftime.Thetakeoutfashionis fueled,in part,bythe popularity of foods like sushi, which even adventuresome American cooks are unlikely to try to make at home. And takeout fills another need as well, for the atmosphere ofthehome cookeddinner.41.From the text we can learn that the Mullins.A.are experienced incookingB.are expert at foodshoppingC.often go dining out at arestaurantD.ofteneatready made food athome42.The food industry is approaching its final goalof.A.freeing people of cooking athomeB.turning cows into meat loaf forpeopleC.relieving itself of unpaid labor forpeopleD.providing people with delicious TVdinners43.We can infer from the text that someAmericans.A.are too busy to cut orpeelB.are too busy to use theirtablesC.do not even use theirplatesD.do not even use themicrowave44.Supermarket takeout counters.A.have sushi barsandstir fry stationsnowed to processtheleft over food forsaleC.cooperatewith high end corporationcafeteriased to coat chickens of inferior quality withsauce45.Takeout food is not only convenient but also enables Americansto.A. avoid taking unhealthy foodB. follow the trend of eating outC. enjoy eating together at homeD. have time to improve their cookingFaced withamission critical decision, who would you turn to for advice? Someoneyouhavegreatconfidencein,surely.Butseverallines ofresearchshow thatour instincts about where to turn to for counsel are often not completely correct.My research looks at prejudices that affect how people use advice, including why they often blindly follow recommendations from people who—as far as they know—are as knowledgeable as they are. In studies I conducted with Don Moore of Carnegie Mellon University, for example, I found that people tend to overvalue advice when the problem they’re addressing is hard and to undervalue it when the problem is easy.In our experiments, subjects were asked to guess the weight of people in various pictures, some of which were in focus and some of which were unclear. For each picture, subjects guessed twice：the first time without advice and the second time with input from another participant. When the pictures were in focus, we found, subjects tended to discount the advice；apparently,they were confident in their ability to guess correctly. When the pictures were unclear,subjects leaned heavily on the advice of others and seemed less secure about their initial opinion. Because they misjudged the value of the advice they received—consistently overvaluing or undervaluing it depending on the difficulty of the problem—our subjects did not make the best guesses overall. They would have done better if they’d considered the advice equally,and to a moderate degree, on both hard and easy tasks.Anotheradvice related prejudice I’ve found compels people to overvalue advice that they pay for. In one study I conducted, subjects answered different setsof questions about American history. Before answering some of the questions, they could get advice on the correct answer from another subject whom they knew was no more expert than they were. In one version of the experiment, people could get advice for free, while in another version, they paid for it. When they paid for advice, people tended to have firm belief in it, I suspect, by a combinationofsunk cost prejudice and the nearly instinctual belief that cost and quality arelinked.46.In the face ofamission critical decision, people tend to.A.trust their owneffortsB.get affected by other’sopinionC.rely on researchfindingsD.seek help from the moreknowledgeable47.Research shows that when faced with difficult problems peopleoften.A.discountothers’adviceB.overlookothers’adviceC.disagree with others’adviceD.over rely onothers’advice48.The first experiment tries to prove how objective conditions.A.strengthen people’s initialopinionB.strengthenpeople’sself confidenceC.influence people’s guess of weightlossD.influence people’s response toadvice49.It can be inferred that people are likelyto.A.undervalue freeadviceB.misjudge their instinctualbeliefC.misinterpret specialistadviceD.overvalue peer’sadvice50.The two experiments mentioned in the text reveal.A.how to followothers’adviceB.how to understandothers’adviceC.what affects people’s attitude toadviceD.what causes people to seekadvicePart Ⅲ Cloze(1×20points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.It is always a little sad to say goodbye toalong time friend you are leaving forever,a 51 you have spent many hours with, in all sorts of 52. David didn’t think I should be so 53 about the separation. “It’s 54 a car,”he said. “And we need a 55 one.”We were standing in the hot car park outside a car dealer’s office, keys to the new 56 in David’s hand, keys to the old one in mine. David took the keys and handed them to the57. As we drove away, I 58 to look at my trusty friend, standing silent and alone.Asitturnedout,I59thenewcar.Itranbeautifully,allthetiresweregood,60I happily stopped buying gas every week. Our teenage children were 61 to ride around in agreencar 62 a smoky van. It began to feel like our family’scar. Still, I 63 looking inthe rear viewmirror(后视镜)andseeingtheseats64Iused to put my little children. I still thought about the family 65 in that car and the fun we hadtogether.Then one day, I happened to go to a 66. I parked in a sea of vehicles. As I 67 through the car park on my way into the store, I saw a 68 blue van coming slowly toward me. A little boy and a girl looked out the window at me as I stared at them in great 69. The boy smiled at me cheerfully and waved. Then, as I waved back slowly with70feelings,andthenwalkedquickly away towardthestore’sentrance, I burst intotears.51.A.leader B. customerC. companion D.neighbour52.A.situations B. directions C. chances D.dangers53.A.unhappy B.sureC. crazyD. careless54.A.really B.just C. hardly D.indeed55.A.lighter B.cleaner C. quieter D.smaller56.A.flat B.car C. case D.lock57.A.children B. policeman C. salesman D.repairman58.A.showedup B. turned backC. moved onD. ran away59.A.liked B.bought C. stopped D. returned60.A.yet B.until C. and D.then61.A.protected B. shocked C. delighted D.determined62.A. aswell as B. awayfromC. in comparison withD. insteadof63.A.missed B. enjoyedC. avoided D.forgot64.A.where B. when C. that D.which65.A.pictures B. trips C. interests D.stories66.A.shoppingcentre B.restaurantC. hospitalD. school67.A.drove B.walked C. marched D.ran68.A.dusty B.noisy C. shining D.familiar69.A.joy B. fear C. disappointment D.surprise70.A.mixed B.strong C. personal D.warmPart Ⅳ Error Correction(2×10points)Directions: There are 10 sentences. Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C, and D. You are required to identify the one that is incorrect, and then write the corresponding letter and the correct answer on the ANSWER SHEET.71.In theUnitedStatesofAmerica,theproductionofchocolateproceededAat theB faster paceC than anywhere elseD in theworld.72.ThebiggestAproblemisthatcouplesassumeBeachotherknowCwhatis going on with their financesD, but they don’t.73.Truefriendsare thosewhoAlendyouahelpingB handinsteadofleaveCyouwhen you get intoDtrouble.stSunday, TomandIwerewalkingdownAthe streetwhileBwesawanCold man fall offD hisbike.75.WearA the wrong glassesB, howeverC, canD proveharmful.76.ResearchershavefoundcaringAofBtheelderlyCcanbeaverypositive experienceD.77.Scientists have discovered that a growingA number of whales are suffering fromBsunburningC—andthattheholeintheozonelayer(臭氧层)couldDbeto blame.78.RoutineA cancer screening for the elderlyB does harmC thangoodD.79.ArecentresearchshowsAargumentsBaboutmoneywereespeciallyC damagedD tocouples.80.AmericanaudiencesprefertoAnatural,spontaneousBdeliverythatconveysC a livelyD sense ofcommunication.Part Ⅴ Translation(20 points)略。
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)B类英语专业初赛真题2013年
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)B类英语专业初赛真题2013年Part Ⅰ Listening C o m p e r h e n s i o nSection AIn this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end o f each conversation, there will be a pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B, and C, a nd decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the ce n t r e.1. What does the man imply?A.He's heard about Sue's great ideas.B.He finds some of Sue's ideas acceptable.C.He thinks Sue's ideas are impractical.C [听力原文]W: Sue's ideas for her research project sound great, don't you agree?M: I think they're somewhat overambitious.Q: What does the man imply?录音中女士对男士说“Sue对研究项目提出的想法很好，你认为呢”，男士回答道“我认为，这些想法都过于宏大”。
由此可知男士认为Sue的想法不现实，所以选C。
2013河南省翻译竞赛试题
河南省第五届翻译竞赛（专业组） （考试时间为120分钟） 一、汉译英（50%） 中国还没有形成勇于提问的风气 杨福家曾经与耶鲁大学校长莱文讨论为什么那么多的耶鲁校友回报母校，其中大多数是本科毕业生。
莱文的回答很简单：因为他们认为学校改变了自己的一生。
莱文举了一个美国8岁小孩的例子。
一天上课，这个小孩对老师说，你写的字拼错了。
老师说“真的吗？让我查一下字典”。
这位小孩立刻说“不必查，我保证你拼错了”。
这个敢于质疑老师的小孩不仅没有被批评，反而被校长在家长会和全校大会上表扬了。
杨福家特别感慨，这是中美文化的不同之处：美国孩子放学了，父母会问：你今天问了多少个问题；而中国孩子放学了，父母会问：你今天考了多少分。
在他看来，这也是为什么一直回答不了钱学森之问的原因之一。
“中国没有形成质疑的环境，孩子从小就不敢提问。
然而，没有问题就不会有创造。
”杨福家说。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————学校班级姓名准考证号………………………………………密……………………………………封………………………………………线………………………………………………………… 座位号————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————二、英译汉（50%）The Longevity Gap between Men and WomenA century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily because pregnancy and childbirth had become less dangerous. The gap grew steadily. In 1946, for the first time ever in the United States, females outnumbered males.Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. Men smoke more than women, drink more and take more life-threatening chances. Men are murdered (usually by other men) three times as often as women are. They commit suicide at a higher rate and have more than twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. Men are more likely to be involved in alcohol-related fatalities.But behavior doesn't explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer.In the 1950s, as heart disease claimed more and more male victims, pressure in the corporate boardroom was blamed. Let women venture out of the home and into the line of fire, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral.Between 1950 and 1985, the percentage of employed women in the United States nearly doubled. Those working women, several studies have found; are as healthy as women at home.Today, some scientists studying the gender gap believe that the data point to one conclusion: Mother Nature may be partial to women.————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————。
河南省第八届翻译竞赛试题及参考译文英语专业组
河南省第八届翻译竞赛试题及参考译文笔译类英语专业组I. Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50 Points)：Life of SocratesSocrates was born in Athens, 469 B. C., the son of poor parents, his father being a sculptor, his mother a midwife. How he acquired an education, we do not know, but his love of knowledge evidently created opportunities in the cultured city for intellectual growth. He took up the occupation of his father, but soon felt “a divine vocation to examine himself by questioning other men.”It was his custom to engage in converse with all sorts and conditions of men and women, on the streets, in the market-place, in the gymnasia, discussing the most diverse topics: war, politics, marriage, friendship, love, housekeeping, the arts and trades, poetry, religion, science, and, particularly, moral matters.Nothing human was foreign to him. Life with all its interests became the subject of his inquiries, and only the physical side of the world left him cold; he declared that he could learn nothing from trees and stones. He was subtle and keen, quick to discover the fallacies in an argument and skillful in steering the conversation to the very heart of the matter. Though kindly and gentle in disposition, and brimming over with good humor, he delighted in exposing the quacks and humbugs of his time and pricking their empty bubbles with his wit.Socrates exemplified in his conduct the virtues which he taught: he was a man of remarkable self-control, magnanimous, noble, frugal, and capable of great endurance; and his wants were few. He gave ample proof, during his life of seventy years, of physical and moral courage in war and in the performance of his political duties. Condemned by his own people, on a false charge of atheism and of corrupting the youth, to drink the poison hemlock (399 B. C.), he died as beautifully as he lived.参考译文：苏格拉底的生平（1分）1苏格拉底于公元前469年生于雅典，父母是穷人。
2013年河南中考英语真题及答案
2013年河南省普通高中招生考试试卷英语一、听力理解(20小题,每小题1分,共20分)第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
( ) 1.Who got the first prize in the painting competition?A. Eric.B. Nancy.C. Alex.( ) 2.How does the man usually go to work?A. By bus.B. On foot.C. By bike.( ) 3.What does Betty think of the report?A. It’s bad.B. It’s excellent.C. It’s so-so.( ) 4.How many times has the man been to America?A. Once.B. Twice.C. Never.( ) 5.How much will the man pay?A.$55.B. $95.C. $110.第二节听下面几段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6至第7两个小题。
( ) 6.What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Sister and brother.B. Teacher and student.C. Mother and son.( ) 7.Where are they?A. At home.B. At school.C. In an office.听下面一段独白,回答第8至第9两个小题。
( ) 8.When does Mary go to practice singing?A. On Wednesday evenings.B. On Saturday afternoons.C. On Sunday mornings.( ) 9.Why does she hardly ever go to concerts?A. Because she quite enjoys being alone.B. Because she doesn’t have mu ch money.C. Because she likes watching TV at home.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。
2013年河南省普通高等学校专升本考试真题《公共英语》
2013 年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试公共英语Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (40分，每题1分)Directions:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Some companies might not let you rent a car________ you have a credit card.A. whereB. sinceC. becauseD. unless2. 1n his opinion, success in life mainly _______on how we get along with other people.A. keepsB. dependsC. insistsD. spends3. we ________building the bridge by the end of next month.A. are finishingB. would finishC. have finishedD. will have finished4. Our company’s service is ________in nearly 80 countries around the worldA. keepsB. dependsC. insistsD. unless5. It was in Johnson’s hotel________ the business meeting was held last year.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which6. It is true that________ drinking is bad for the healthA. sufficientB. littleC. enoughD. excessive7. Rising prices may ________the rise in demand for these goods.A. reflectB. remindC. conveyD. explain8. The airplane arrived one hour behind ________.A. planB. dateC. timeD. schedule9. Fresh air, enough exercise and nutritious food ________to good health.A. contributeB. addC. attributeD. distribute10. Our English professor is a man of French ________.A. birthB. originC. sourceD. breed11. My advice is that she ________to apologize to himA. goB. wentC. goesD. has gone12. After the earthquake, a new school building was put up _______ there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when13. Any man who wants to start a business must have some ________.A. currencyB. incomeC.wealthD. capital14. ________ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A. If onlyB. UnlessC. WhereD. Whatever15. If it ________too much trouble I’ d love a cup of tea.A. isn’tB. weren’ tC. wasn’tD. hadn’t been16. If you don’ t go, neither ________.A. shall IB. do IC. I doD. I shall17. Don’t talk about such things of ________you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those18. I don’ t like ________ you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which19. After________ seemed ages, the newsman disclosed the facts.A. thereB. whichC. whatD. that20. ________has finished the work ahead of time will be rewarded though we don’ t know who it will be.A. Those whoB. anyoneC. whoeverD. No matter who21. Jim was caught _______drugs into the country.A. stealB. smugglingC. smugD. giggling22. The firm will _______the workers _______their loss of job.A. compact; withB. conflict; withC. compensate; forD. fight; for23. David sent his girlfriend a ring _______ their loss of job.A. have keptB. keptC. has keptD. has been kept24. ________ from the top of the mountain, the building looks like a bird nest.A. ViewedB. ViewingC. Been viewedD. Being viewed25. In the swamp the army ________by mosquitoes.A. was fallenB. was besetC. was worriedD. was set26. You didn’t take his advice._______ his advice, you _______such a mistake.A. Had you taken; wouldn’t have madeB. lf you had taken; would makeC. Were you to take; shou1dn’ t have madeD. Have you taken; won’ t have made27. Half of his goods _______ stolen the other day.A. areB. wereC. isD. was28. He asks that he _______an opportunity to explain why he’ s refused to go there.A. is givenB. must giveC. should giveD. should be29. I am sorry that he ________in such poor healthA. areB. shall beC. wereD. should be30. The piano in the other shop will be _______, but _______.A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as goodD. more cheap; not as good31. ________difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.A. No matterB. No wonderC. ThoughD. However32. The reason is ________ he is unable to operate the machineA. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether33. We’ re talking about the piano and the pianist ______ were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that34. The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing35. The first textbook _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16thcentury.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written36. We’ d like to do ______ we can_______ the poorA. how; helpB. all; to helpC. whatever; helpD. however; to help37. The defense computers calculate way to ________ the enemy missiles.A. spoilB. harmC. destroyD. damage38. Today, household chores have been made much easier by electrical________.A. facilitiesB. equipmentC. appliancesD. utilities39. I really appreciate _______ to help me, but l am sure that l will be able to manage it by myselfA. you to offerB. that you offerC. your offeringD. you to have offered40.________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’ s skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposedPart II Cloze (20分每空1分)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The old idea that anyone with a little money can start a business and operate it successfully is no longer invalid(无效果的). An equally important factor is business relations with 41_.It is necessary to know what people want and to make it 42 to them in a pleasant and convenient way. With 43 effort you will understand your buyer’s needs, and know how to 44 him and make him appreciate the good points of your 45 .Knowing how to 46 to customers is the secret of successful selling .They appreciate it when you show a genuine, friendly interest in helping them to get the best goods 47 their purpose.All customers have the desire to get value in 48 . Smart people are price-and-value 49 .They will not insist 50 lower-priced goods if they can be shown that higher-priced goods will give them better value 51 use. Your function, as a 52 , is to help the buyer get the best 53 his money. This means that you must know your goods, be able to discuss their construction and performance in an intelligent way and be confident when you 54 the special qualities of your product or 55 . If you cannot tell the facts about these qualities, you should say, ‘‘I don’ t know,’’ and find them out.Before approaching prospects with the idea of turning them into customers, you need to gain their confidence, as many articles are bought because of our faith in people as because of our faith in the 56 .Now we are ready to in visitors. Who shall they be? Personal 57 is the best way to learn the present and probable market for what you have to offer.Recommendation by friends is also an excellent way to get in touch 58 prospects. That is why it is important to maintain customers. Tell them of your appreciation every time they send in a prospect. Drop 59 at their offices or phone them at their homes. Tell them about things that may interest or 60 them.41. A. customers B. sellers C. merchant D. businessmen42. A. nice B. good C. available D. attractive43. A. personal B. personnel C. manual D. artificial44. A. get B. attract C. cheat D. approach45. A. offer B. dress C. store D. good46. A. please B. supply C. appeal D. adapt47. A. in B. for C. with D. of48. A. clothes B. selling C. food D. exchange49. A. knowing B. ignorant C. conscious D. dependent50. A. in B. upon C. concerning D. with51. A. in B. while C. when D. before52. A. customer B. buyer C. merchandise D. salesman53. A. for B. beyond C. above D. against54. A. stresses B. display C. emphasize D. mentioned55. A. help B. service C. personality D. repair56. A. merchant B. salesman C. future D. merchandise57. A. attraction B. contact C. ability D. traveling58. A. with B. through C. by D. on59. A. out B. in C. across D. letters60. A. disinterest B. cheat C. fool D. benefitPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40分每题2分)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One“If you want to see a thing well, reach out （伸出手）and touch it!”That may seem a strange thing to say. But touching things can help you to see them better. Your eyes can tell you that a glass ball is round. But by holding it in your hands, you can feel how smooth (光滑) and cool the ball is. You can feel how heavy the glass is. When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it. With your skin, you can feel better. For example, your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket. You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand, too.All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops, we touch things as we might buy: food, clothes. To see something well, we have to touch it. There are ways of learning to see well by feeling One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin. Feel the shoes on your feet, the clothes on your body, the air on your skin. At first, it is not easy to feel these things. You are too used to (习惯于)them!Most museums are just for looking. But today some museums have some things to touch. Their signs say, “Do touch!’’ There you can feel everything on show. If we want to see better, reach out and touch. Then you will really see!61. By touching things,_______.A. you will have a strange feelingB. you will learn how to reach out your handC. you can know them betterD. you can tell what colors they are62. When people buy things in shops, they often ________.A. buy them firstB. keep their right hands on themC. ask about themD. feel and touch them63. Why does it say “At first, it is not easy to feel these things”? Because______ .A. the things are used by people, tooB. people feel the things too oftenC. people know how to use the thingsD. the things are easy to feel64. Which of the following is true?A. Touching is more important than seeingB. Our feet, fingers, hands and skin can help us buy food.C. people have to learn to see by feeling as they grow upD. Visitors can feel the things on show in some museums65. Which of the following can be the best title of the story?A. Touching by FeelingB. To see or to Feel?C. To see Better–TouchD. Ways of FeelingPassage TwoThe old V olkswagen beetle —“The Bug”— is making a comeback.Peop1e who own them are planning to keep them forever. People who don’t own them are paying high prices when they can find one for sale, 1t’s more remarkable when you realize that VW doesn’t even make them anymore!A spokesman for V olkswagen of America says there were about five million “Bugs” on American roads in 1997. That was the last year they were shipped to America VW estimates that about four million of them are still running and running and running.Used car dealers say they can’t keep “Bugs” on their lots these days. They feel it’s because these cars have a history of reliab1e, inexpensive transportation. The cars average about 30 miles per gallon of gas.But all hasn’t been smooth going for the “Bugs”. The heating system is poor. And since it travels very close to the ground, larger cars tend to splash it winter’s snow and mud. Some in the safety field consider the Beetle as defenseless against heavier cars. But the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has nothing that shows any problem with them at all.66. American people like to have a “Bugs” ______.A. because it is no more in productionB. because it is reliable and energy-savingC. because it is remarkable and easy to driveD. because it is safe67. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. “Bugs” are more popular than other cars in AmericaB. “Bugs” are now produced in small quantityC. American feel proud if they can own a “Bugs”D. No “Bugs” have been shipped to America since 199768. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the word “Bugs” refers to______.A. a car by the name of V olkswagen BeetleB. heaver cars imported from other countriesC. people in the safety fieldD. people from National Highway Traffic Administration69. What is the problem with a “Bugs” ?A. It does not go smoothlyB. It is not comfortable in winterC. It splashes mud and waterD. It travels too slowly70. What can be concluded according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration?A. They are going to investigate into “Bugs” problemB. Some of the “Bugs” are not usable any moreC. It is defenseless when it is hit by a heavy carD. The “Bugs” is good for usePassage ThreeThere are many ways to learn about people of other lands. One way is to study the clothing other people wear. For thousands of years, people in different part of the world have worn very different types of clothing. There are four big reasons for this.One reason might be re1igion. In many Moslem countries, women must wear veils to hide their faces. The veils must be worn in public. Veils are part of the Moslem religion. The second reason is that different materials are used in different countries. For instance, in France the materials used in clothing may be cotton, silk, wool, or many other man-made materials. Most people in China wear cotton.The ways clothes are made are also very different. This is another reason why people dress differently. Western countries rely on machines to make most of their clothing someone living in India can use only hand power to make the clothing he needs.World-wide differences in customs also lead to differences in clothing. A Mexican farmer wears a straw hat with a brim up. In China, a farmer wears a straw hat with a brim down. Both hats are used to protect the farmers from the sun. Some of these customs have come down through thousands of years.71. If you want to learn about the differences about people in the world, you______ .A. should know the ways to study other landsB. should know the four big reasons given in the passageC. may study the different types of clothing people wearD. may be surprised by the ways people wear hats72. In many Moslem countries, women have to _______in public.A. wear more clothes thanB. cover their faces with veilsC. protect their faces from being hurtD. wear religious clothing73. Which of the following is the reason for the differences in clothing?A. Materials used for clothes differ from country to countryB. Cotton is the common material for clothingC. Man-made materials are invented to make clothesD. Most people like silk clothes74. The third reason for difference in clothing is _______.A. different materialsB. different ways of making clothesC. different styles of dressingD. different religions75. The two examples of wearing hats are given in the last paragraph to show _____.A. the effect of customs on dressing styleB. the function of wearing straw hatC. the correct way of wearing straw hatD. the long history of some customsPassage TourPressure Cooker(高压锅) SafetyWhen you are cooking with a pressure cooker, you should learn a few common sense(常识) rules:1. Never leave the cooker unwatched when it is in use.2. Add sufficient liquid never past the recommended fill point. Overfilling the cooker may block the vent pipe（排气孔）and cause the cooker to explode.3. Set the cooker time ,Too much time may overcook the food or too much pressure may build up in the cooker. Too little time will lead to undercooked food.4. If you are new to pressure cooking, follow the cooking instructions carefully. Heat and time can either result in a great meal or a ruined one.5. Never try to force a pressure cooker cover open. Allow the cooker to cool or run it under cool water before trying to open the cover.6. Clean the cooker after each use. Mild detergent（洗涤剂）and hot water work the best. Do not use stove ash or sand for they may damage the cooker. The gasket（密封圈）is best cleaned in warm soapy water and then drieD)Store the gasket in the bottom of the pot.76. According to the first rule, the user should _____.A. keep the cooker under close watchB. always keep the cooker half fullC. never leave the cooker emptyD. never turn off the stove78. According to the second rule ,too much liquid in the cooker may result in_______.A. a ruined mealB. undercooked foodC. too little pressureD. a blocked vent pipe78. According to the fifth rule, a pressure cooker cover should be opened_____.A. as soon as the cooker is finishedB. while it is still on the stoveC. with force when it is hotD. after it is cooled down79. According to the instructions , which of the following is true ?A. The gasket should be cleaned thoroughly with cold waterB. Mild detergent and hot water can best clean the cookerC. Soapy water will often damage the cookerD. Sand can be used to clean the cooker80.Which of the following operations may be dangerous ?A. Overfilling the cooker with food and waterB. Cleaning the cooker with detergentC. Cooling the cooker with cold waterD. Setting too little cooking timePart IV Translation (2*10)Directions : There are 10 sentences in this section . Please translate sentences 81- 85 from Chinese into English , and translate sentences 86- 90 from English into Chinese .81.无论问题看起来怎么复杂，他总能找到解决办法。
2013年高考真题—英语(河南卷)word版无答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试题分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3.第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将在试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B. ￡9.18. C￡9.15.答案是C。
1.What does the man want to do?A.Take photos.B.Buy a camera.C.Help the woman.2.What are the speakers talking about>A.A noisy nightB.Their life in townC.A place of living.3．Where is the man now?A．On his way.B．In a restaurant.C．At home4．What will Celia do?A．Find a player.B．Watch a game.C．Play basketball.5．What day is it when the conversation takes place?A．Saturday.B．Sunday.C．Monday.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2013年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 211翻译硕士英语
2013年郑州大学翻译硕士真题（211翻译硕士英语）1．Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points)Part A: Multiple Choice (20 points,1 point each)Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.1.An ideal is a standard _____ people judge real phenomena.A.WhatB.WhichC.by whichD.by what2.A lawyer by training ____ he was, he proved himself to be a greater novelist.A.IfB.AsC.WhileD.since3.The girl was lying on the lawn, her hands ____ under her head.A.were crossingB.were crossedC.crossingD.crossed4.There is _____denying that Moyan, winning the Nobel Prize for Literature, is an influential Chinese writer.A.NoB.NotC.NothingD.none5.The tension between the two countries is _____that any provocative action on either side might lead to a full-scale war.A.AsB.LikeC.SuchD.so6.We will keep close contact with you and _____you of any change in the plan.A.ReportB.AnnouncermD.propose7.The trade agreement between the two companies will _____ next month.B.DescendC.ExpireD.exploit8.She is determined to carry on with her plan ____of any objection.A.RegardingB.RegardlessC.DisregardingD.with regard9.Your wish to go out for a walk does not ____your leaving the baby alone in the house.A.JustifyB.TerrifyC.DignityD.exemplify10.China has a large rural population, and thus our government has _____great importance to protecting farmers’ interests.A.abstainedB.accessedC.avengedD.attached11.We had known each other for over twenty years and considered each other as a ______friend.A.ChestB.BreastC.bosomD.body12.He fainted while climbing the mountain alone. When he_____ consciousness, it was already in the middle of the night.A.RevisedB.regainedC.resolvedD.revolved13.Talking and _______are not the same, for to talk and to talk well are two different things.A.eloquenceB.endowmentC.elopementD.engagement14.To get a higher profit, the magazine is trying to get more readers to ______to.A.ascribeB.subscribeC.describeD.prescribe15.Now that all the eye witnesses are dead, it is really difficult to _____ whether his alibi is true or not.A.imprintC.overlookD.reinforce16.Energetic and ______, college students are in the best period of their life.A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagied17.As an environmental activist, she gave numerous public speeches to ____a lower-carbon life to protect the environment.A.championmandC.conceiveD.convert18.The three western countries have 0.3,0.4 and 0.6 hectares of cropland per person____.A.respectfullyB.relativelyC.respectivelyD.respectably19.Hot metal ____ as it cools down gradually.A.reducesB.condensespressesD.contracts20.Radio reception isn’t very good because of a disturbance in the atmosphere, and the announcer’s voice sounded very_______.A.disputedB.distortedC.discardedD.dismissedPart B: Proofreading and Error Correction (10 points,1 point each)Identity one error in each numbered sentence, write out the error and give the correct word(s)on the Answer Sheet.Usually merchants sell objects that people need, that make their lives better. (1) However, the salespeople promote cigarette smoking among young people may be making American a “merchant of death” More and more American cigarette companies make their advertisement not in the U.S., but overseas. Outside the U.S., advertising shows is presented as part of the American lifestyle. (2) In these ads, cigarettes stand up for American, and smokers are shown as rich, attractive, and romantic. These ads are meant to appeal to young people, (3) and as a result these romantic pictures, children around the world are being lured into cigarette smoking at a very young age. (4) Once they begin to smoke, they are likely to stop; cigarette smoking becomes a habit. This nicotine addiction is very hard to break. (5) If children give in to this advertising and begin to smoke before they are 18 years old, he may become smokers for life.Tobacco companies deny that they create new smokers; instead, they say that they only appeal to those who already smoke. (6) However, experts say that it is clear how advertising encourages children to smoke.(7) The health effects on nations can be devastated: every year, millions of people die from the effects of smoking, and nations spend millions of dollars on related health costs.The problem for U.S. cigarette companies is that smoking in the United States is decreasing. Stockholders want to see the companies they own make profit. Because their sales in the U.S. have decreased, they are expanding their markets abroad. (8) If more smokers create internationally, particularly young smokers, the stockholders will get rich.(9)Many nations realize the benefit of smoking and have tried to ban ads completely so that children never see them, or at least shorten smoking advertisements so that they are not widespread.(10) But these controls are futile; by and by, they have not curbed cigarette advertising.II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Part A:Read the following three passages, and choose the correct answer from the four choices given and then write it on the Answer Sheet. (30 points,2 points each)(1)When the wind blows, many things go. History is filled with stories of people who used wind and air for fun and travel. One story that goes back about 3,000 years into history tells of two Greek men who escaped from prison by using wings made of feathers and wax. The story says the wax wings melted when one man flew too near the sun. His feathers fell off and he crashed into the sea. If those Greeks had used hang glide or self-soaring wings for their prison escape, there wouldn't have been any wax for the sun to melt. Of course, no one believes they got near the sun, anyway.For self-soaring or hang gliding there should be wind, plenty of it. A wind of 20 miles per hour or more is good for flying. Before flying, a rider sets up his kite at the top of a hill. The kite must be unfolded and set up facing into the wind. If the front isn’t facing the wind, the kite may go flying without the rider.Hang-glide kites are made of tightly woven cloth, lightweight metal rods, and strong wires. The cloth is so tightly woven that it's almost airtight. The rods and wires should be made of very strong material.People have always wanted to fly, and people have always wanted to add beauty to their lives. Self-roaring people add beauty to their kites with colors and decorations. Quite often a person may have a kite custom-made by a professional kite builder. The kite builder can let the buyer pick the cloth for colors and decoration. But when it comes to the shape, the kite has to be built to fly. That is why the shape is important.After being strapped in, a hang-glide kite flier is ready to go. The flight starts with a downhill run into the wind. The wind catches the kite and gives the rider the lift needed to fly. For the first part of the ride, the rider tries for speed and altitude. Without these, a flight may be over before it even starts. As soon as the kite gains speed and altitude, a flier can start to control the direction of flight. For a right turn, the rider leans to the right and moves the steering bar to the left. This tips the kite to the right and it makes a turn. For a left turn, the rider leans left.1. Which of the following is true about the two Greeks in the story?A. One escaped and the other was capturedB. One was killed and the other was capturedC. One escaped and the other was killedD. Both of them escaped2. What is the hang glide made of?A. Cloth, metal rods and wiresB. Wax and feathers.C. Cloth of different shapes and colors.D. A steering bar and a flier.3. How does one begin the flight of a hang-glide kite?A. By moving the steering bar.B. By running downhill into the wind.C. By letting the kite go with the wind.D. By giving it a hard pull.4. What is the most important for a successful flight if a glide kite?A. AltitudeB. DirectionC. SpeedD. Wind5. The best title for this passage may be_____.A. Flying a kiteB. The importance of hang-glidingC. Flight if hang-glide kitesD. Flying kites: add beauty to our lives(2)One of the earliest forms of money, borrowed from the Indians, was wampum, black and white polished beads made from clam shells. Wampum circulated as legal tender for private debts in Massachusetts until 1661 and was used as money in New York as late as 1701. In Maryland and Virginia, tobacco was initially the principal medium of exchange, while other colonies designated as "country pay" (acceptable for taxes) such items as hides, furs, tallow, cows, corn, wheat, beans, pork, fish, brandy, whisky, and musket balls.Hurried public officials were often swindled into receiving a poor quality of “country pay” Clearly, one of the major problems in using commodity money, besides inconvenience, spoilage, and storage difficulties, was quality control because it was in an individual's self-interest to make payments whenever possible with low-quality goods. One of the earliest domestically initiated regulations, the Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act of 1747, addressed this issue. This move toward ultimately set firm standards of quality control for tobacco money and raised the value of Maryland's tobacco exports.Despite the problems, commodity money was extensively used in the colonies in the seventeenth century. By the early eighteenth century, however, both specie (gold or silver) and paper currency were common in the major seaboard cities, and by the end of the colonial period, commodities —particularly furs —were accepted only in communities along the westernBecause of the sizable colonial trades with many overseas areas, the gold and silver coins of all the important commercial countries of Europe and their dependencies in the Western Hemisphere were freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboard. More important than English coins, which could not be legally exported from Britain to the colonies, were the sliver coins of the Spanish mint. These were struck in Mexico City and Lima and introduced into the colonial economy via vigorous trading with the Spanish colonies. Spanish dollars were so common in the colonies that the coin was eventually adopted as the monetary unit of the United States.Although Massachusetts first attempted to mint coins of low bullion content as early as 1652, the colonies eventually turned to paper to increase their meager and undependable money supply. The promissory notes of well-known individuals and bills of exchange drawn on English merchants readily exchanged hands for several months. In addition, treasures of the various colonies began to issue promissory notes in advance of tax collection and issue written orders to town officers requiring the payments of obligations from local stores; like other negotiable instruments, these pieces of paper were exchanged as money.6.According to this passage, which disadvantage of the commodity money troubled the public official and led to the birth of Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act?A. The commodity money was borrowed which was of low quality.B. Many people paid with the commodity money which was of low quality.C. People would easily damage and spoil the commodity money.D. It was inconvenient to carry and store the commodity money.7.The specie and the paper money didn’t become widely used until ____as mentioned in the passage.A. the eighteenth centuryB. the seventeenth centuryC. around 1701D. around 16528.The silver coins of the Spanish mint had a greater importance than the English coins because____.A. this kind of coins had been widely used in the colonies at that timeB. this kind of coins could be freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboard.C. this kind of coins could be exported legally but the English coins could notD. this kind of coins was eventually adopted as the monetary unit of the United States9.In the last paragraph, the underlined parts “undependable money supply” refers to________.A. bills of exchangeB. the commodity moneyC. promissory notesD. the gold and silver coins10.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The earliest form of money in the world was a kind of wampum borrowed from the Indians.B. Tobacco had acted as the principal medium of exchange in Virginia and MarylandC. The coins of all the important commercial countries of Europe could be freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboardD. Sometimes certain kind of promissory notes and bills of exchange could be exchanged as the(3)In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has been accomplished for the modern period, pre-modern cultures have proved more difficult., sources are restricted in number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bachofen's 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.Starting from the premise that mythology and legend preserve at least a nucleus of historical fact, Bachofen argued that women were dominant in many ancient societies. His work was based on a comprehensive survey of references in the ancient sources to Amazonian and other societies with matrilineal customs--societies in which descent and property rights are traced through the female line. Some support for his theory can be found in evidence such as that drawn from Herodotus, the Greek "historian" of the fifth century B.C., who speaks of an Amazonian society, the Sauromatae, where the women hunted and fought in wars. A woman in this society was not allowed to marry until she had killed a person in battle.Nonetheless, this assumption that the first recorders of ancient myths have preserved facts is problematic. If one begins by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek descriptions of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact--real Amazonian societies--but rather to offer "moral lessons" on the supposed outcome of women's rule in their own society. The Amazons were often characterized, for example, as the equivalents of giants and centaurs, enemies to be slain by Greek heroes. Their customs were presented not as those of a respectable society, but as the very antitheses of ordinary Greek practices.Thus, I would argue, the purpose of accounts of the Amazons for their make Greek recorders was didactic, to teach both male and female Greeks that all-female groups, formed by withdrawal from traditional society, are destructive and dangerous. Myths about the Amazons were used as arguments for the male-dominated status quo, in which groups composed exclusively of either sex were not permitted to segregate themselves permanently from society. Bachofen was thus misled in his reliance on myths for information about the status of women. The sources that will probably tell contemporary historians most about women in the ancient world are such social documents as gravestone, wills, and marriage contracts. Studies of such documents have already begun to show how mistaken we are when we try to derive our picture of the ancient world exclusively from literary sources, especially myths.11.All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT_____.A. partial completenessB. restricted accessibilityC. difficulty of interpretationD. limited quantity12.It can be inferred from the passage that the probable reactions of many males in ancient Greece to the idea of the Amazons could best be described as________.A. wary and unfriendlyB. confused and dismayedC. curious but fearfulD. respectful and approving13.The primary purpose of the passage is to______.A. introduce a new approach to understanding the role of women in ancient societiesB. analyze the nature of Amazonian society and compare it with the Greek worldC. criticize the value of ancient myths in determining the status of women in ancient societiesD. provide some information on ancient mythology and legend14.The main reason for the long-lasting influence of Bachofen’s work is that_____.A. feminists have shown little interests in ancient societiesB. Bachofen’s knowledge of Amazonnian culture is true and reliableC. reliable information about the ancient world is difficult to acquireD. ancient societies show the best evidence of women in positions of power15.The author’s attitude toward Bachofen’s treatise is best described as______.A. approvingB. contradictoryC. neutralD. disagreeingPart B: Short-Answer Questions (10 points,2 points each)Read the following passage, and then answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain.The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than their parents did and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as less important and that has happened in some cases -- we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”-- but we don't want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credits -- nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own way for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only to a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.(Please answer the following questions with your own words. Your answer should be brief and relevant)1.How can the equality between the male and female be achieved in a family?2. If the man’s role is undervalued, what will the result be?3.What do“Momismand” “neo-Popism” mean respectively?4.What does the underlined sentence at the end of the third paragraph suggest?5.What is the main idea of the passage?III. Writing (30 points)Write an essay of about 400 words based on the following topic on the Answer Sheet.Honesty and Success。
2013英语高考题
河南省2013年普通高等学校对口招收中等职业学校毕业生考试英语试题卷考生注意：所有答案都要写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效一、选择题词汇判断11-20（每小题1分，共10分）11．懂；理解A．undersea B．understand C．underground D．upset12．出售，卖A．sell B．buy C．sail D．take13．到国外，在国外A．foreign B．abroad C．aboard D．about14．消失，不见A．discuss B．disappear C．distant D．discover 15．危险的A．danger B．risk C．harm D．dangerous 16．合适的，适当的A．right B．suitable C．available D．comfortable 17．麻烦，困扰，烦恼A．trouble B．double C．worried D．bored18．现在，目前A．press B．promise C．prepare D．present19．创造；产生A．create B．credit C．happen D．cracker20．结果；后果A．reason B．require C．result D．replay选择填空21-30（每小题2分，共20分）21．I bought ______ a lovely book for ______ birthday.A．he; his B．him; his C．his; him D．him; him 22．This year, ______ the help of teachers and friends, Alice is learning English faster.A．with B．at C．in D．under23．I am not sure ______ she will come ______.A．weather; or not B．weather; notC．whether; not D．whether; or not24．I don’t know ______ late for the meeting yesterday.A．why was he B．why he isC．why he was D．why is he25．His idea is quite ______ mine.A．different away B．different fromC．different with D．different of26．It is a nice day, why not ______ this afternoon?A．going shopping B．goes shoppingC．shopping D．go shopping27．This book is ______ than that one.A．much difficult B．little difficultC．more much difficult D．much more difficult 28．The teacher asked the students to get to school ______.A．as earlier as possible B．as possibleC．so early as possible D．as early as possible 29．Smoking is harmful, ______ to smokers, ______ to non-smokers.A．not; but B．both; andC．not only; but also D．neither; nor30．The girl is ______ young ______ move the chair.A．so; that B．too; toC．to; to D．to; too补充对话31-40（每小题2分，共20分）31．—______ a supermarket near here?—Yes, it is in front of the school.A．Is it B．Is that C．Is there D．Has it 32．—Can you come over for dinner?—______. I am afraid I will be too busy to come.A．Thanks B．Not at allC．Don’t mention it D．Oh, no33．—I have lost my keys.—______.A．You are lucky. B．Congratulations!C．What a pity! D．I am sorry.34．—Let me help you to open the door.—______.A．Yes, you can B．Good ideaC．It is very kind of you D．Take care35．—What do you do?—______.A．I am writing an E-mail. B．I am here!C．I am Lily. D．I am a teacher.36．—I think English is more difficult than Chinese.—______.A．Don’t say it like this B．I really can’t agree with youC．That is a good idea D．That is all right37．—I wonder if I could use your car for tonight.—______.A．I don’t know B．Yes, indeedC．Sure, go ahead D．I don’t care38．—Alice, thank you for this wonderful Christmas dinner. I really enjoy it.—______. I am glad you liked it.A．Thank you for coming B．No, never mindC．Yes, my pleasure D．Y es, I do39．—Please come to the front.—______.A．That is all B．GoodC．All right D．With pleasure40．—I am sorry I take your book by mistake.—Oh, ______.A．it is OK with me B．don’t be sorryC．it does not matter D．I don’t care阅读理解41-50（每小题2分，共20分）Passage 1I was downtown yesterday and decided to stop at the bank to see Alice Green. I thought she might have time for lunch with me. When I got to the bank, I was told that she had just gone out a few minutes before. I asked them if she would be back by 11:30 or 11:45, and they said yes. I had some time, so I decided to wait for her. Then I walked over to a chair by the window and sat down. I decided to watch the front door because I knew she would come back by that way. I waited and waited, but she didn’t come through the door. Finally, I decided not to wait any longer. It was 12:30, and I was sure that she wou ldn’t be back until after lunch. I got up and was surprised to see Alice sitting right there in her office. When I said that someone had told me that she had been out, she told me that she hadn’t left her office all morning.41．The writer went to the bank to ______ .A．see Alice Green and ask her to have lunch with himB．get some money so that he could have lunch with AliceC．talk to Alice Green about somethingD．ask Alice to go to the town with him42．From this story we know that when the writer got to the bank, ______ .A．Alice had leftB．Alice was actually there in her officeC．Alice was waitingD．Alice was on her way to the bank43．The writer decided to wait because he was told that Alice would be back by ______ .A．12:30 B．12:45 C．11:00 D．11:45 44．The writer waited for Alice Green ______ .A．not far from the front door B．in Alice Green’s seatC．at the door of the bank D．in front of the bank 45．The writer waited for Alice for ______ .A．half an hour B．a few minutesC．an hour D．more than an hourPassage 2Almost everyone likes dogs, and almost everyone likes to read about dogs. I have a friend. He has a big police dog with the name Jack. Police dogs are very clever. EverySunday afternoon my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack likes these long walks very much. One Sunday afternoon a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time. He talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for a walk. But the visitor still stayed. Jack became much worried. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid no attention to Jack. He went on talking. At last Jack got angry. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor, but this time he took the visitor’s cap in his mouth.46．The young visitor stayed a long time in my friend’s house, didn’t he?A．Yes, he was. B．Yes, he did.C．No, he wasn’t.D．No, he didn’t.47．Jack became worried because ______ .A．he wanted to go out for a walk B．he wanted to play with himC．he didn’t know the young man D．he wanted to eat something 48．Jack sat down in front of the visitor because he wanted ______ .A．the visitor to talk with himB．to join the talkC．to show the visitor how clever he wasD．the visitor to leave the house soon49．The visitor went on talking and ______ .A．he didn’t like JackB．he paid no attention to his capC．he didn’t know that his cap was t aken away by JackD．he paid no attention to Jack50．At last Jack took ______ in his mouth.A．food B．nothingC．the visitor’s cap D．the visitor’s bag完型填空51-60（每小题1分，共10分）Someone says, “Time is money”, but I think time is 51 important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can get it back. However, when time is52 , it will never 53 . That is 54 we must not waste time. It goes without saying that the 55 is usually limited. Even a second is very important. We should make fulluse of our time to do 56 useful.But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of the time. They spent their limited time smoking, drinking and 57 . They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own 58 .In a word, we should save time. We should not 59 today’s work for tomorrow.Remember we have no time to 60 .51．A．much B．less C．much less D．even more52．A．cost B．bought C．gone D．finished53．A．return B．carry C．take D．bring54．A．what B．that C．because D．why55．A．money B．time C．day D．food56．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything57．A．reading B．writing C．playing D．working58．A．time B．food C．money D．life59．A．stop B．leave C．let D．give60．A．lose B．save C．spend D．take英语（20分）五、汉译英（每个句子4分，共20分）71．学生们应该好好利用空闲时间。
2013年专英真题及答案
2013年专英真题及答案2013年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试专业英语Part I Vocabulary and Structure （30 point）1.Virtue and vice are before you ;____ leads you to happiness,_____ to misery.A.former/latterB.the former/the latterC.a former /a latterD.the former/latter2.The earth is about ____ as the room.A.as fifty time bigB. As big fifty timeC.fifty times as bigD.fifty as times big3.My sister is going to visit Xi’an with ____ friends.A.other her two littleB.her other little twoC.her two other littleD.her two little other4.The little girl was left alone ,with _____ to look after her.A.anyoneB.someoneC.not oneD.no one5.It was at the coffee bar _____ she met her husband for the first time.A.whereB./C.thatD.which6.“You realize that you were driving at 100 mph,don’t you ?”“No ,officer.I _____.This car can’t do more than 80.”A.couldn’t have been B may not have been C didn’t need to be D needn’t have been7.Don’t let him catc h you ____.A do that againB doing that againC to do that againD done that again8.He was thoroughly ashamed _____ so much money on such an ugly picture.A for spendingB with spendingC to have spentD of having spent9.I never dreamed I ______ here discussing state affairs with the other deputies.A would be sittingB would had been sittingC will have been sittingD will be sitting10.All these dictionaries are a great help to you , _____?A are theyB are all these dictionariesC aren’t theyD aren’t all these dictionaries11.Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ______ his head.A he had turnedB that he turnedC he didn’t turnD did he turn12.Every means ______ tried but without much result.A areB isC has beenD have been13.It’s high time you _____.A started to workB had stared to workC will start to work C would start to work14.We required that the machine parts ____ cast iron.A is made ofB be made fromC is made byD be made of15._____,we could not have finished the work on time.A But for their helpB Was it not for their helpC If they do not help usD Should they offer to help us16.No sooner had he finished his speech ______ stormy applause broke out.A asB thanC thenD when17.That’s the doctor _____ on the seriously wounded man.A that be operatedB that operated himC who he operatedD who operated18.______,she knows Germany well.A The child as she isB As she is a childC Child as she isD A child as she is19.There is something wrong with Steven’s car , he must have it _____.A checkingB checkedC to checkD check20.Her answer is not acceptable ,and ____.A neither am IB mine is neitherC either is mineD neither is mine21.No one can function properly if they are _____ of sleep.A ridB declinedC refusedD deprived22.This kind of analysis _____ the problem to its simplest form.A reducesB decreasesC breaksD displaces23.In the current economic climate it is fairly _____ that unemployment will continue to rise.A reliableB predictableC desirableD indifferent24.This map carries a ____ of one centimeter to ten kilometers.A coordinateB regulateC adaptD suit25.The new comers found it impossible to _____ themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new county.A coordinateB regulateC adaptD suit26.The traitor was sent into _____ to a remote island.A expelB extolC excelD exile27.Extensive reporting on television has helped to _____ interest in a wide variety of sports an activities.A generateB gatherC assembleD yield28.During the process ,great care has to be taken to protectthe _____ silk from damage.A sensibleB delicateC tenderD sensitive29.The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal villages: severa; fishing boats were _____ and many houses collapsed.A wreckedB tornC spoiledD injured30.Having decided to rent a flat,we _____ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.A set outB set aboutC set upD set downPart II Reading Comprehension （40 point）Passage One"Loving a child is a circular business.The more you give,the more you get,the more you want to give."Penelope Leachwon said.What she said proves to be true of my blended family.I was born in 1931.As the youngest of six children,I learned to share my parents' love.Raising six children during the difficult time of the Great Depression took its toll on my parents' relationship and resulted in their divorce when I was 18 years old.Daddy never had very close relationships with his children and drifted even farther away from us after the divorce.Several years later,awonderful woman came into his life and they were married.She had two sons,one of them still at home.Under her influence,we became a blended family and a good relationship developed between the two famliies.She always treated us as if we were her own children.It was because of our other mother.Daddy's second wife, that he became closer to his own children.They shared over 25 years together before our father passed away.At the time of his death, the question came up of my mother,Daddy's first wife,attending his funeral.I will never forget the unconditional love shown by my step mother.When I asked her if she would object to mother attending Daddy's funeral,without giving it a second thought,she immediately replied,"Of course not,honey.She is the mother of my children."31.According to the speaker, what contributed to her parents' divorce?A Family violenceB The Great DepressionC Bad relationship between parents and their six childrenD Her father’s disloyalty32."Loving a child is a circular business.The more you give,the more you get,the more you want to give."How do you understand this sentence?A Love is blind.B Love is a business.C Love breeds love.D Love can tame the wildest.33.What brought the father closer to his own children?A His children’s efforts.B His improved financial condition.C His advanced age.D His second wife’s positive influence.34.Which one is NOT true about the writer’s step mother?A a wonderful womanB unconditional love shown to her step childrenC positive influence on the blended familyD caring for her own children only35. What message does the writer want to convey in this passage?A Divorce often has disastrous consequences.B Happiness is hard to find in blended families.C The piety of the family relation should be respected in the highest degree.D Love is the base of family relationship especially in blended families.Passage TwoLike many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltagetransformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate agenuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.36. Although heroes may come from different cultures, they ________.A generally possess certain inspiring characteristicsB probably share some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC are often influenced by previous generationsD all unknowingly attract a large number of fans37. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that ________.A they have a vision from the mountaintopB they have warm feelings and emotionsC they can serve as concrete examples of noble principlesD they can make people feel stronger and more confident38. Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because ________.A they are popular only among certain groups of peopleB their performances do not improve their fans morallyC their primary concern is their own financial interestsD they are not clear about the principles they should follow39. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who ________.A are good at demonstrating their charming charactersB can move the masses with their forceful speechesC are capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsD can provide an answer to the problems of their people40. The author concludes that historical changes would ________.A be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC take place ff there were heroes to lead the peopleD produce leaders with attractive personalitiesPassage ThreeKaren and Ken Mullin, a young professional couple in Cleveland, own fifty Coo kbooks and two fully equipped kitchens in their house. Yet they rarely cook their Own meals; instead, on their way home from work they usually stop at a supermarket And choose two portions of meat loaf and a container of ready-to-serve potatoes "My Job," says Karen "is to poor the salad from the bag."A half-century after the first TV dinner was born, the food industry is approachi ng its long-sought dream of relieving people like the Mullins of unpaid labor in the fin al, and arguably most profitable, step by which a cow gets turned into meat loaf. Incre asingly, tables in America's kitchens are used not for cuttingor peeling but for putting takeout food onto plates. For those who even bother with plates. According to HarryB lazer, an influential food-industry researcher, American dinners that came from a take out counter increased by 24 percent in the past decade, "We thought the microwave w ould be a cooking device," says Harry Blazer, "but we find it reheating takeout pizza."Across the United States, entire business models are being transformed. superm arket takeout counters, formerly a place where unsold chickens were courted with sau ce, increasingly resemble high-end corporate cafeterias, with sushi bars and stir-fly stations.One psychologist thinks the trend toward healthier eating is responsible: Amer icans have finally gotten the message that it's bad to eat fried chicken, so they’re doing it at home where no one can see them.Of course, thee are people you wouldn't expect to cook at home, like Steve Tra xler, an unmarried Chicago theater producer, whose refrigerator contains little more th an orange juice, wine and leftovers.Well, somebody must be using those cookbooks, right? "people don't have time t o cook; I think they're reading them in bed," says Rozanne Gold, author of a cookboo k.It's not entirely a question of time. The takeout fashion is fueled, in part, by th e popularity of foods like sushi, which even adventuresome American cooks are unlik ely to try to make at home. And takeout fills another need as well, for the atmosphere of the home-cooked dinner.41. From the text we a 1a that the Mullins______.A are experienced in cookingB are expert at food shoppingC often go dining out at a restaurantD often eat ready-made food at home42. The food industry is approaching its final goal of________.A freeing people of cooking at homeB turning cows into meat loaf far peopleC relieving itself of unpaid labor for peopleD providing people with delicious TV dinners43. We a infer from the text that some Americans .A are too busy to cut or palB are too bay to use their tablesC do not even are their platesD do not even use the microwave44. Supermarket takeout counters _______.A have sushi bas ad stir-fry stations nowB used to process the lea-ova food fo r saleC cooperate with high-end corporation cafeteriasD used to court chickens of i nferior with sauce45. Takeout food is not only convenient but also enables Americans to ______.A avoid taking unhealthy foodB follow the trend of eating outC enjoy eating together at homeD have time to improve their cooking\Passage FourFaced with a mission-critical decision, who would you turn to for advice? Someone you have great confidence in, surely. But several lines of research show that our instincts about where to turn to for counsel are often not completely correct.My research looks at prejudices that affect how people use advice, including why they often blindly follow recommendations from people who—as far as they know—are as knowledgeable as they are. In studies I conducted with Don Moore of Carnegie Mellon University, for example, I found that people tend to overvalue advice when the problem they're addressing is hard and to undervalue it when the problem is easy.In our experiments, subjects were asked to guess the weight of people in variouspictures, some of which were in focus and some of which were unclear. For each picture, subjects guessed twice: the first time without advice and the second time with input from another participant. When the pictures were in focus, we found, subjects tended to discount the advice; apparently, they were confident in their ability to guess correctly. When the pictures were unclear, subjects leaned heavily on the advice of others and seemed less secure about their initial opinion. Because they misjudged the value of the advice they received-—consistently overvaluing or undervaluing it depending on the difficulty of the problem—our subjects did not make the best guesses overall. They would have done better if they'd considered the advice equally, and to a moderate degree, on both hard and easy tasks.Another advice-related prejudice I've found compels people to overvalue advice that they pay for. In one study I conducted, subjects answered different sets of questions about American history. Before answering some of the questions, they could get advice on the correct answer from another subject whom they knew was no more expert than they were. In one version of the experiment, people could get advice for free, while in another version, they paid for it. When they paid for advice, peopletended to have firm belief in it, I suspect, by a combination of sunk-cost prejudice and the nearly instinctual belief that cost and quality are linked.46.In the face of a mission-critical decision, people tend to_______.A．trust their own effortsB．rely on research findingsC．get affected by other's opinionD．seek help from the more knowledgeable47.Research shows that when faced with difficult problems people often ______.A discount others' adviceB overlook others' adviceC disagree with others' adviceD over-rely on others' advice48. The first experiment tries to prove how objective conditions ______.A strengthen people's initial opinionB strengthen people's self-confidenceC influence people's response to adviceD influence people's guess of weight loss49. It can be inferred that people are likely to ______.A undervalue free adviceB overvalue peer's adviceC misinterpret specialist adviceD misjudge their instinctual belief50. The two experiments mentioned in the text reveal ______.A how to follow others' adviceB how to understand others' adviceC what causes people to seek adviceD what affects people's attitude to advicePart III Cloze（20 point）It is always a little sad to say goodbye to a long-time friend you are leaving forever, a __51__you have spent many hours with, in all sorts of__52____. David didn't think I should be so ___53____about the separation. "It's__54____a car," he said. "And we need a ___55__one. "We were standing in the hot car park outside a car dealer's office, keys to the new ____56____in David's hand, keys to the old one in mine. David took the keys and handed them to the___57____. As we drove away, I _____58____to look at my trusty friend, standing silent and alone.As it turned out, I _____59______the new car. It ran beautifully, all the tires were good,___60____I happily stopped buying gas every week. Our teenage children were ___61______to ride around in a small green car ____62______ a smoky van (小型客货车). It began to feel like our family's car.Still, I _______63______looking in the rear-view mirror (后视镜) and seeing the seats ___64______I used to put my little children. I still thought about the family _____65______in that car and the fun we had together.Then one day, I happened to go to a ____66______. I parked in a sea of vehicles (车辆). As I ____67______through the car park on my way into the store, I saw a __68______blue van coming slowly toward me. A little boy and a girl looked out the window at me as I stared at them in great _______69______. The boy smiled at me cheerfully and waved. Then, as I waved back slowly with ____70______feelings, and then walked quickly away toward the store's entrance, I burst into tears.51.A leader B customer C companion D neighbour52.A situations B directions C chances D dangers53.A unhappy B sure C crazy D careless54.A really B just C hardly D indeed55.A lighter B cleaner C quieter D smaller56.A flat B car C case D lock57.A children B policeman C salesman D repairman58.A showed up B turned back C moved on D ran away59.A liked B bought C stopped D returned60.A yet B until C and D then61.A protected B shocked C delighted D determined62.A as well as B away from C in comparison with D instead of63.A missed B enjoyed C avoided D forgot64.A where B when C that D which65.A pictures B trips C interests D stories66.A shopping centre B restaurant C hospital D school67.A drove B walked C marched D ran68.A dusty B noisy C shining D familiar69.A joy B fear C disappointment D surprise70.A mixed B strong C personal D warmPart IV Error Correction（20 point）71.In the United States of America, the production of chocolate proceeded(A) at the(B) faster pace(C) than anywhere else(D) in the world.72.The biggest(A) problem is that couples assume(B) each other know(C) what si going on with their finances(D),but they don’t.73.True friends are those who(A) lend you a helping(B) hand instead of leave(C) you when you get into(D) trouble./doc/e74737637.html,st Sunday, Tom and Iwere walking down(A) the street while(B) we saw an(C) old man fall off(D) his bike.75.Wear(A) the wrong glasses(B),however(C),can(D) prove harmful.76.Researches have foud caring(A) of(B) the elderly(C) can bea very positive experience(D).77.Scientists have discovered that a growing(A) number of whales are suffering from(B) sunburning(C)-and that the hole in the ozone layer(臭氧层）could(D) be to blame.78.Routine(A) cancer screening for the elderly(B) does harm(C) than good(D).79.A recent research shows(A) arguments(B) about money were especially(C) damaged(D)to couples.80.American audiences prefer to(A) natural, spontaneous(B) delivery that conveys(C) a lively(D) sense of communication.Part V Translation（20 point）81.A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural desire for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need.82.Serving as president during one of the most tragic periods in American history,Abraham Lincoln(1809-1865)fought to reunite a nation torn apart by war.His courage,strength,and dedication in the face of an overwhelming national crisis have made him one of the most admired and respected American presidents.83.重要的是你做了什么而不是你说了什么。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
单位----------------------------(考试时间为120分钟)一、汉译英（50%）中国还没有形成勇于提问的风气杨福家曾经与耶鲁大学校长莱文讨论为什么那么多的耶鲁校友回报母校，其中大多数是本科毕业生。
莱文的回答很简单：因为他们认为学校改变了自己的一生。
莱文举了一个美国8岁小孩的例子。
一天上课，这个小孩对老师说，你写的字拼错了。
老师说“真的吗？让我查一下字典”。
这位小孩立刻说“不必查，我保证你拼错了”。
这个敢于质疑老师的小孩不仅没有被批评，反而被校长在家长会和全校大会上表扬了。
杨福家特别感慨，这是中美文化的不同之处：美国孩子放学了，父母会问：你今天问了多少个问题；而中国孩子放学了，父母会问：你今天考了多少分。
在他看来，这也是为什么一直回答不了钱学森之问的原因之一。
“中国没有形成质疑的环境，孩子从小就不敢提问。
然而，没有问题就不会有创造。
”杨福家说。
二、英译汉（50%）The Longevity Gap between Men and WomenA century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily because pregnancy and childbirth had become less dangerous. The gap grew steadily. In 1946, for the first time ever in the United States, females outnumbered males.Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. Men smoke more than women, drink more单位----------------------------and take more life-threatening chances. Men are murdered (usually by other men) three times as often as women are. They commit suicide at a higher rate and have more than twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. Men are more likely to be involved in alcohol-related fatalities.But behavior doesn't explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer.In the 1950s, as heart disease claimed more and more male victims, pressure in the corporate boardroom was blamed. Let women venture out of the home and into the line of fire, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral.Between 1950 and 1985, the percentage of employed women in the United States nearly doubled. Those working women, several studies have found; are as healthy as women at home.Today, some scientists studying the gender gap believe that the data point to one conclusion: Mother Nature may be partial to women.答案部分：一、汉译英（50%）Questioning Atmosphere Not Created in China YetMr. Yang Fujia once had a discussion with Levin, President of the Yale University, about why so many alumni of the University, most of whom were bachelor degree holders, made contributions to their alma mater. Levin gave a simple answer: “Because they believe their alma mater has changed their lives.”Levin gave an example of an eight-year old boy. One day in class, the boy said to his teacher: “You’ve made a mistake in spelling.” “Really? Let me look it up in the dic tionary.” replied the teacher. “It’s not necessary. I’m sure about that”, responded the boy immediately.Instead of being scolded, the boy was praised by the headmaster at the parents' meeting and the school assembly.Yang Jiafu heaved a deep sigh and said that it was due to the differences between单位----------------------------Chinese culture and American culture: In America, when the children come back home from school, their parents usually ask them how many questions they have raised at school while Chinese parents may focus on their scores in examinations.In his opinion, that partly accounts for the lack of a satisfactory answer to Mr. Qian Xuesen’s question. “A questioning atmosphere has not been created in China yet. Children are discouraged from asking questions since their early days. But there will be no creation without questions.” Yang Fujia added.二、英译汉（50%）男女寿命差异（版本一）一百年前，美国男性不仅数量比女性多，寿命也比女性长。
到了20世纪，随着怀孕和分娩越来越安全，女性的寿命不断提高，男女之间的寿命差异稳步变化。
到了1964年，美国女性的数量首次超过了男性。
造成这一现象的部分原因在于男性自身。
相较女性，男性抽烟多，喝酒多，从事的高危活动也多。
男性遭到谋杀（杀人者往往也是男性）的几率是女性的三倍，自杀率也比女性高。
男性死于车祸者是女性的两倍多，因饮酒而丧生者也多于女性。
但所有这些行为，包括精神压力在内，均不足以解释男女寿命上的差异。
上世纪五十年代，越来越多的男性因心脏病而失去生命，人们普遍将其归咎于公司会议室里的压力。
不少医生指出，如果让女性走出家门，投身社会的枪林弹雨，她们会和男人一样短寿。
正当人们要为此“盖棺定论”的时候，一个有趣的现象发生了。
从1950年到1985年，美国职业女性的数量几乎翻了一番。
多项研究表明，职业女性的健康状况与家庭妇女相比并无两样。
当代一些研究性别差异的学者认为，从众多数据中可以得出的唯一结论就是：女性是大自然的宠儿。
单位----------------------------男女寿命差异（版本二）一百年前，美国男性无论在数量上还是在寿命上都超过了女性。
可到了20世纪，女性寿命则越来越长了（女性却越来越长寿），其主要原因是，妇女怀孕、生孩子（妊娠、分娩）都没以前危险了。
男女之间的寿命差异稳步变化。
1964年美国女性数量第一次超过了男性。
其部分原因是男性自己造成的。
因为与女性相比，男性抽烟的多，喝酒的多，冒生命危险的几率也多。
男性遭谋杀（通常是遭另一个男性谋杀）的几率是女性的三倍，自杀的比率也比女性高，而且，车祸丧生的几率也是女性的两倍多。
另外，男性也很容易因饮酒而丧生。
不过行为本身并不能解释男女寿命之间的差异。
精神压力也解释不了。
20世纪50年代，越来越多的男性因心脏病而失去生命，于是就有人将其归罪于董事会会议室里的压力。
医生说，若让女性也走出家门到外面去冒险，处于竞争的火线上，她们的死亡率也会和男性一样高。
当人们正要以此作出定论的时候，一件有趣的事情发生了。
从1950年至1985年期间，美国女性就业人数几乎翻了一番。
可好几项研究都表明，从业的女性和居家的女性一样健康（健康状况相同）。
当代一些研究性别差异的学者认为，从众多数据得出的唯一结论就是：女性是大自然的宠儿。