高中英语选修六unit5导学案

高二英语导学案

Unit 5 The Power of Nature

Period 1 Warming up, Pre-reading

课型：热身，预读

知识要点：

1.重点单词和短语：diagram, volcano, erupt, eruption, ash, hurricane, questionnaire,

equipment, appoint, evaluate, wave, fountain, absolutely, suit; compared with, erupt into/in, burn to the ground, make one’s way to

2.To learn about some facts and views about volcano erupting.

Step 1 Warming up:

Look at the diagram on the right on Page 33. It shows a volcano erupting.

(a list of natural disasters: such as earthquake, snowstorm, flood, drought)

(Some new words: volcano, volcanology, volcanologist, erupt, eruption, ash, crater, lava. hurricane, Magma chamber, dormant, extinct volcanoes, ……)

Step 2 Pre-reading

Can you imagine climbing into a live volcano in order to measure the temperature of the boiling rock inside? Can you imagine doing such dangerous work as part of your job? (Questionnaire on Page 33)

Step 3 Reading and comprehending

1. Fast reading:

Ask students to skim the passage so as to get the key words and general idea of each paragraph and answer the question: What’s the main idea of the text?

2. Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

(1) What is the writer?

(2) When did he first see an eruption? How did it look like?

(3) What was he wearing when getting close to the crater? And what was the result?

Step 4 Language Study

重点单词：

重点短语：

重点句式：

railway train passing my window.

2. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this

Step 5 Homework: Page 35 exercise 1

Period 2 Reading and Comprehending

课型：阅读课

学习目的： 1 训练阅读技巧，培养快速阅读，猜词，找中心句的能力。

2 掌握部分知识点。

3 几个复合句的理解

教学过程：

Step 1 Lead-in

Step 2: Fast reading: Read the passage An Exciting Job as quickly as you can and try to get the main idea of the passage.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. An eruption occurred in Hawaii.

B. A volcanologist’s job is exciting.

C. A volcanologist’s exciting job and his first sight of an eruption.

D. A sight of an eruption is horrible.

Step 3: Detailed reading:

1. Reading the first and the second paragraphs and finish the following tasks.

1). Why is a volcanologist’s job important?

2). The writer doesn’t mind the occasional danger of his job because .

A. he travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the world.

B. he thinks his job the most important

C. he likes the different ways of working

D. he is excited about danger and feels alive.

3). As a result of the vocanologist’s job,

A. other scientists predict the progress of lava from the volcano

B. many people have been warned to leave their homes.

C. the eruption causes less damage

D. the eruption may be prevented from breaking out

2. Read the third and the fourth paragraphs and finish the following tasks.

1). What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it”?

A. He felt much safer on the top while the other two scientists climbed into the crater.

B. It was his first sight of an eruption.

C. It was the first time for him to watch the crater.

D. Both B and C.

Step 4: Searching reading:

1. I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. “Potential”means:

A. possibility

B. opportunity

2. Translate the following sentence into Chinese.

Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well s their potential to cause great damage.

Step 5 Homework:

完成第36页的1，2练习。

Period 3 Language Study

课型：语言点学习

课程目标：学习阅读部分重点难点单词，短语和句型。

教学过程：

重点知识点梳理及巩固：

1.volcano n. pl. volcanoes

活火山an active volcano

死火山an extinct volcano

休眠火山 a dormant volcano

火山学volcanology

火山学家volcanologist

2. erupt v.

1)（火山）爆发，喷发

维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。

Mount Vesuvius _____ _______ for a good many years。

2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发

街头暴力可以在没有明显原因的情况下爆发。

Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.

erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭

他毫无理由地大笑起来。

He _______ _______ _______ without any reason

3.equipment n. 设备，装备（不可数名词）

a piece of equipment 一台设备

equip v. 配备：装备

equip sb/sth with sth 用。。。。装备起来/ 使具备。。。。

the boy _________ _____________ ___________ food and water and then set off.

孩子们配备好食物和水就出发了。

4 appoint v 任命，委派，安排，确定（时间，地点）

appointment n. 约会，委派

appoint sb as/to be….. 任命某人为。。。。

appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事

appoint a time/place for sth./to do sth 确定时间，地点做某事

he ______ ______ _______chairman. 他被任命为主席

Miss wang ______ ______ ______in the library. 王小姐被委派到图书馆工作。

Please ______ _______ _______ the meeting. 请安排开会时间。

5 Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where

lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast it will flow。

（翻译）

1) evaluate 评估，评价

没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。

I cannot __________________ without seeing his work.

2) evaluation n. ［C，U]评估，评价，评估报告

They made an intensive evaluation of the health care program.

（翻译）

6. warn sb. (of /against sth.)

sb. to do

sb. that

1)I won’t warn you again.

2) The people ____ ______ ______ the danger of flooding.(warn)

3) The doctor _____me not ____ drink.(warn)

（=The doctor _____- me _____ drinking.)

4) I ____ you that it is dangerous to go out alone at night.(warn)

7. burn to the ground 完全(楼房等)烧毁

他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了.

He has no place to live in because his house has been ______ ______ ________ _________.

burn away烧掉,烧光

木头已烧成灰烬.

The wood had _____ ______ _____- nothing.

burn down(建筑物)全部被烧毁

电影院去年被烧伤了.

The cinema ______ ________ last year

burn off：to destroy by burning 烧掉

他在事故中严重受伤,头发也被烧掉了.

He was badly injured in the accident, and all his hair ______ ______ ______

burn out: to make hollow by fire; to stop working through damage caused by heat(由于过热而)烧坏

引擎被烧坏了.

The engine had _____ _______

.burn up 烧毁烧尽to destroy completely by fire；

烧得更亮/旺to flame more brightly or strongly

火箭重入地球大气层时烧毁.

The rocket burnt up when it re entered the earth’s atmosphere.

他往火上加木材想让它烧得更旺.

He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.

8. absolute adj. 完全的，真实的

It’s an absolute fact.

absolutely adv.完全地，无条件地,完全对

absolutely right 十分对，对极了，当然

---Do you agree with me.

---________

A. Very absolutely B Rather absolutely

C Nearly absolutely

D No absolutely

9. make one’s way向某地走去, 有出息

她犹豫了一下,但向前走去.

She hesitated, but ______________________.

她快速离开房间,朝她床边走去.

She hastily left the room , and _____________ ____________.

你若想要有出息,趁年轻的时候要学会发奋

If you want to __________________________, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.

10. make way (for)让路,让位

所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.

All the traffic has to __________________ ________.

我将把职务让给更年轻的人.

I shall __________________________

feel one’way 摸索前进

push one’s way 挤过

find one’s way 找到路，设法到达

go one’s way 走自己的路，我行我素

fight one’s way 奋勇前进

wind one’s /its way 蜿蜒前进

lose one’s way 迷路

if you want to _________you must learn to work hard while you are still young.

A make you way

B make its way

C make a way

D make the way

Her parents told her not to ________when she picked up mushrooms in the forest.

A find her way

B go her way

C lose her way

D feel her way

完成句子

1. She has no place to live in because her house __________________(已经被全部焚毁)。(burn)

2. With the help of the telescope, you can see the ruins ________________(远处).(distance)

3. After admiring the beautiful view, she ____________________(前往)the next destination. (make)

4. We want each student ___________________(展示出他们的全部潜力). (show)

5. They huddled together to _______________________(免受)the wind. (protect)

6. I kept complaining but nobody _________________(注意). (notice)

7. The room _______________________(装备)modern facilities, so it is convenient to contact with others. (equip)

8. He _____________________(委派)work for the United Nations. (appoint)

9. I had better hurry, for I _______________________(约定) him at 10:00a.m. (appointment)

10. They ______________________(做评估)the system and found it of great use. (evaluation)

Period 4 Grammar

课型：语法，现在分词作状语

学习目的：掌握本单元语法。

教学过程：

分词做状语（单元语法讲解）

分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一，分为两种：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词的形式是“动词原形+ing”;规则的过去分词在动词原形后加“ed”。分词也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语宾语等。分词的否定式在分词前加not (例如：not whishing, not having received). 分词做状语时表示的动作是主语的一部分，与谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时或几乎同时发生的，有时先于谓语的动作发生。分词做状语一般于其他成分用逗号分开。分词可以做时间，原因，方式，条件，结果，目的，让步等状语。由于该语法对高中生做题过程中易出错，特此提出一些做题思路，以备同学们参考：

1．题型结构：

_______________________，S+V+O.（多把表时间，原因，条件，目的状语等放句前）

S+V+O,_________________________. （表结果，伴随的状语等放句后）

逗号前后没有连词连接（and, but, when, as, where, however,等），就构成了非谓语做状语的基本前提，现在分词的主动式主要是与句中主语逻辑上的一种主谓关系（），现在分词的被动式主要是与句中主语逻辑上的一种动宾关系；现在分词的进行式是指分词所表示的动作（或状态）与句中动作同时或几乎同时发生，现在分词的完成式是指分词所表示的动作（或状态）一定先于句中谓语动作发生。

Eg.1. Seeing from the hilltop, he was delighted to see a wonderful view.

主动关系

同时关系

此句中，逗号前后无连词连接故不能同时出现两个简单句，see 逻辑主语是he,他们之间是一种主谓关系（主动），see 动作与be delighted to see几乎是同时性（同时），因此seeing(主动，进行)符合要求，相当与一个时间状语从句：when he saw from the hilltop, he was delighted to see a wonderful view。

2.Seen from the hilltop, the valley looked like a wonderland.(从山顶上看去，峡谷宛若仙境。)

在本句中，see与the valley 构成了逻辑上的动宾关系即可理解为“峡谷”是被看的，而峡谷的美（宛若仙境）是本身存在的事实，因此用过去分词强调see与主语the valley的被动关系即可。

3. Seen from the pagoda, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.

从这个塔上远眺，紫金山南麓是树的海洋。

4. Having written an important letter, I listened to the music for a while.

此句中write与I是逻辑上的主谓关系（主动），write动作先于句中listen to the music的动作，故用having written(主动，完成)作状语。

5．Having been written in haste, the essay was not worth reading.

此句中the essay 与write 是被动关系，write动作先于be worth reading 之前是同时强调被动完成，所以选用Having been written(被动，完成)，该分词表原因。

为了使同学们更好地理解，特分类如下：

1) 作时间状语时相当与when引导的时间状语从句。

这类状语通常放在句子的前半部分,也可至于句子后面，若两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用when 或while表示强调。

Eg. Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. (When they heard the news ,they……)

When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.

Having finished his homework, he watched TV for a while.

2) 作原因状语相当于as, since, because 引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。

Eg: Being a layman in matters of culture, I would like to study them. .(As I am a layman in matters of culture, I would like to study them. )

The doctor, not wanting to make the patient nervous, did not explain the seriousness of his illness.

3) 作条件状语相当于if, unless 等引导的从句

这类状语一般放在句子的前半部分。

Eg: Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.

(If you turn to the right, you…… )

United we stand, divided we fall. 团结就是胜利，分裂必然失败。

4）作让步状语相当于though ,even if 等引导的从句。表示让步的状语要放句前，一般不可放在句尾，但前有连词时例外。

Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.(A though I admit what she has said, I still think……)尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。

Granting his honesty, we still can’t employ him.就算他是诚实的，我们也不能雇佣他。

4) 作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但可以改成并列句，通常放句后。

He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself.

(He walked down the hill and sang softly to himself.)

Kneeling and shutting her eyes, she prayed to the goddess.

She stood by the window watching the sunsets.

The boy run home , crying

5) 作结果状语相当于so that引导的从句。这类状语通常放在句子的后半部分，并有逗号同前面的句子成分隔开，长可以译为“于是，所以，或因此”等。这种分词的逻辑主语即可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子，如果逻辑主语是前边的整个句子，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。

Eg: The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished.

He turned off the lamp,(thereby) seeing nothing.

The output of steel increased by 15% last year, reaching 30,000 tons.

以上是我们对分词做状语简单了解，但在具体作题中会碰到很多问题，如何准确判断，总结如下：

1）有一类题，和分词做状语结构相似，但他是一种独立成分做状语，无需考虑逻辑主语的主被动关系，动作的完成或同时，所以称之为独立成分，请牢记以下内容：

According to………(根据……)

Judging from/by………(由…判断)

Considering………(鉴于)

Provided/providing that……（如果）

Compared to/with……(与…相比较)

Supposing that……(假设，如果)

Generally speaking……一般说来

Frankly speaking……坦白地说

Properly speaking……正确的说来

To tell you the truth……说实话

Taking…into consideration 考虑到

Seeing……考虑到

Saving……除了，除非

Assuming……假使

Admitting……虽说，即使

Given……如果

Eg:

Given another chance ,I’ll do it better.

Given time, he’ll make a first class writer.(2003,北京，28)

Judging from his accent, he is from the north.

Considering your age, you’d better live with your son.

Generally speaking, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.

2)另一类题是由be +p.p.+ prep+n/pron/v-ing，要么是被动语态，要么是表一种状态，此结构，一般情况去be后，可把分词直接用做状语。

be satisfied with be excited about be pleased with；be surprised at be married to be engaged to ；be accepted by be followed by be faced with；be driven by be interested in be lost in thought；be used to/as/for be armed with be surrounded by；be born in be dressed in eg: be filled with ；be covered with/by ……………

练一练：

A.作时间状语：

eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.

= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.

②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.

While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer.

③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.

B.作原因状语：

Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.

________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder.

_______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.

________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away.

_____ (not know) her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.

②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost.

_________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.

C.方式/伴随状语;

Eg.)

1.The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.

1 surrounded

D.作条件状语：

Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.

=______________ , I would have done the job far better.

E.作结果状语：(意料中的结果)

Eg.)①The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.

②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.

区别: 不定式表示意外的结果

eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.

分词作状语时, 需注意事项:

A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :

____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.

___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city.

A 句中主语，seen, seeing

高考链接：

（2007，浙江，20）________ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green house.

A．Driven B .Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven。

2.（2004 北京29）__________in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had his wallet at home

. A To wait B have waited C Having waited D To have waited

三．Reading for fun

Mr. Briggs got a job with an insurance company(保险公司) after he left school and went around visiting people in their homes to sell them life insurance. One day, after he had been working for the company for about a year, the insurance manager sent for him a nd said, “Mr. Briggs, I have been looking at your record as a salesman with our company, and there is one thing that surprises me about it. Why have you been selling insurance only to people over 95 years old, and why have you been giving them such generous（宽厚的）conditions? You’ll ruin our company if you go on like that.”

“Oh, no, sir,”answered Mr. Briggs at once, “Before I started work, I looked at the figures(数字) for deaths in this country during the past ten years, and I can tell you that few people die at the age of 95.”

Period 5 Using language

课型：阅读课

学习目的：掌握综合阅读技能。

教学过程：

Step 1 Revision: 检查第37页的作业。

Step 2 Lead-in:

Ask students to imagine their visits to some great places and talk about their feelings. You may begin like this “Suppose you have paid a visit to a great place, please tell us your experience and how you felt.”

Step 3 Pre-reading

Give the students the following two questions for them to think about and answer.

1. Do you know any great place?

2. Have you ever been to any great places before?

Step 4 Fast reading:

Go through the text quickly and judge whether the following statements are true or false.

( ) 1. Changbaishan is the second largest nature reserve in China.

( ) 2. The peak of Changbaishan can reach as high as 2000 metres.

( ) 3. You can see black bears, leopards and cranes in Changbaishan.

( ) 4. Tianchi is a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano.

( ) 5. The father of the Manchu people was believed to be good at languages and persuasion.

Step 5 Language study:

1. make one’s way to

前往……

Dickens made his way to the woods.

迪肯斯朝树林走去。

Though it was raining hard, he made his way to school.

尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。

联想拓展

lose one’s way 迷路

show sb. the way 为某人指路

get in the way 妨碍

2. burn ...to the ground

(楼房等)被（全部）烧毁；全部焚毁

He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground.

他无处栖身,因为他的房子被烧掉了。

3. quite a few

好些；相当多

I have made quite a few friends here.

在这里我已经交了好多朋友。

not a few 相当于many，意思是“许多、大量”。

Not a few students are going there.

许多学生都要去那里。

4. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window.

“be+形容词/表示状态的介词短语+when ...”表示“正在做某事，就在这时……”。

联想拓展

be about to do sth. when ... 正要做某事，就在这时……

be doing+when ...正在做某事，就在这时(分句中的动作往往是短暂性的)

had just done …when ... 刚做过某事，就在这时……

5. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.

另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。

句中的this being my first experience为独立主格结构。

独立主格结构（Absolute Structure）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓,谓宾等关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需要特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。

独立主格结构基本构成形式为：

名词(代词)+现在分词（过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/名词/介词短语）

There being no bus, we had to walk home.

由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。

The workers working still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.

由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。

He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.

他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。

His hands tied , he came into the room .

The teacher came into the classroom, books in hand。

Step 6 Homework: 完成课本第36页练习。