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新编英语教程(第三版)第一册学生用书词汇表整理：甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院李宪博Words and expressions in unit6

crisis 危机

keep track of 注意...动态arrow 箭，箭状

threat 威胁，恐吓wither 凋谢，枯萎

feed on 以...为生substitute 替代品urgent 紧急的，急迫的reserve 储存，自然保护区emergency 紧急情况relocate 迁移

relief 宽慰

scatter 散，撒

cane 茎，藤条

lure 诱惑

institute 设立，创立minor 较小的，未成年的safeguard 保卫deserve 应受，应得severely 严厉的

assist 促进，参加

bride 新娘

glance 扫视，瞥一眼critical 爱挑剔的demurely 端庄的

stalk 茎

maiden 少女

engage 订婚charming 迷人的lasses 少女

lads 小伙子

formal 拘谨的

soul 酸的

sentimental 多愁善感的fall off 凋零

slender 苗条的domestic 国内的，家居的be about to 就要....的时候pod 豆荚

hang 悬挂

shock 震惊hedge 篱笆

sallow 暗黄

complexions 肤色

gorgeous 华丽的

robe 衣袍

in vain 徒劳的

fragrant 芬芳

bachelor 单身汉

spinster 老处女

ostriches 鸵鸟

defend 保卫，防守

kick 踢

incessantly 不断地

arduous 努力的，费力的feather 羽毛

rob 抢劫

tail 尾巴

disciple 门徒，弟子enormous 庞大的，巨大的brandish 挥舞，炫耀menacing 威胁

undaunted 勇敢的，无畏的combat 反对，搏斗exhausted 疲惫的，耗尽的casually 随便的，偶然的，临时的pluck 摘，拔，扯

scoff 嘲笑，愚弄

ruffle 弄皱，触怒

chim 鸣响，和谐

alongside 在旁边

bury 埋葬，埋藏

dune 沙丘

instantly 立即的，紧急的impelled 冲动，抛，推进

neck 脖子

infernal 地狱的，恶魔的outdistanced 超越

trot 慢跑，小跑

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Unit 1 恰到好处 Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose. 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 The French have an apt（贴切的） phrase for this. They speak of “le mot juste,” (the exact word) the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous（一丝不苟的） writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle（微妙的） and delicate（细腻的） in their different shades（色调）of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely（正是，恰恰） what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: “How can I know what I think till I see what I say?” this sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it. 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。 It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery（掌握） over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked “What sort of a man is so-and-so（某某等）?” You begin: “Oh, I think he’s quite a nice chap （家伙）but he’s rather…” and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that

unit 1新编英语教程第三版第二册

Unit 1 Language Structures Main Teaching Points: The Passive Sentence involving the moral auxiliary have to . The pupils should be told that their homework has to be checked before they hand it in. 2. converted from the active sentence with a direct and indirect object . She isn’t paid anything for overtime. 3. involving the verb phrase/ phrasal verb . I don’t think anybody should be made fun of because of his physical handicap. 4. from by the They say/It is said …patterns . They say/ It is said that three parks will be expanded. Language Points: scratch: (at sth.) to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is itching;挠，搔（痒处）; to make or remove a mark刮出（或刮去）痕迹；（sb./sth.）(from sth.)to decide that sth. cannot happen or sb./sth. cannot take part in sth., before it starts.取消，撤销，退出 . 1) The dog scratched itself behind the ear. 2)I’d scratched my leg and it was bleeding. 3)Be careful not to scratch the furniture. 4)His pen scratched away on the paper. 5)to scratch a rocket launch取消火箭发射计划 6)She has scratched because of a knee injury. 2. turn sb./sth. down: to reject or refuse to consider an offer, a proposal, etc. or the person who makes it.拒绝，顶回（提议、建议或提议人）；to reduce the noise, heat, etc. produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls 把…调低；关小 has been turned down for ten jobs so far. 2)He asked her to marry him but she turned him down. 3)Please turn the volume down.音量调低。 3. look down on sb./sth.: to think that you are better than sb./ sth.蔑视，轻视，瞧不起 . She looks down on people who haven’t been to college. look sb. up and down: to look at sb. in a careful or critical way上下仔细打量，挑剔地审视某人 (not) look yourself :to not have your normal healthy appearance气色不像往常那样好 . You’re not looking yourself today.=You look tired or ill/sick.