岩石物理分析

第一篇地震岩石物理学及在储层预测的应用

Seismic Rock physics Theory and the Application in Reservor Discrimination

摘要

储层预测研究主要在于弄清储层构造特征、岩性特征及储层参数，进而减少勘探开发风险。储层参数包括孔隙度、渗透率、流体类型等，而地震资料提供的是地震波旅行时和振幅信息，再通过反演可得到弹性参数。地震岩石物理学则为储层参数和弹性参数之间搭建桥梁。横波速度是重要的地球物理参数在近些年发展起来的叠前地震储层弹性参数反演及流体检测方面起着重要的作用。地震横波速度估计技术是根据地震岩石物理建立的目标岩石模量计算模式，利用计算出的模量重建纵波曲线，与实测曲线建立迭代格式修正岩石模量，实现横波速度等关键参数估计。在方法实现上利用了Xu-White模型为初始模型。流体因子是识别储层流体的重要参数，常规流体因子多是基于单相介质理论提出的，而从双相介质岩石物理理论出发可以更好的研究孔隙流体对介质岩石弹性性质的影响，为敏感流体因子的构建提供更好的指导。本文采用了Gassmann流体因子，并分析了其敏感性。

关键词：等效介质模量，孔隙度，横波速度估算，Xu-White模型，Gassmann流体因子。

Seismic Rock physics Theory and the Application in Reservor Discrimination

Abstract

The study of reservoir prediction is mainly to investigate the characteristics of reservoir structure,lithologic features and reservoir parameters,aim to reduce the risk of exploration. Reservoir parameters include porosity,permeability,fluid type,etc,But seismic data only reflects on seismic traveltime,amplitude information,and elastic parameters which can be obtained throuth seismic inversion.Seismic rock physics builds bridges for reservoir parameters

elastic.S-wave velocity, an important geophysical parameter,plays an important role in pre-stack seismic reservoir elastic parameter inversion and fluid detection witch developed in recent years.The seismic shear wave velocity estimation technique is based on the rock mass calculation model established by the seismic rock physics, reconstructs the longitudinal wave curve with the calculated modulus, establishes the iterative pattern with the measured curve to correct the rock modulus, and obtain the key parameters such as the shear wave velocity.The Xu-White model was used as the initial model in the method implementation. Fluid factor is an important parameter to identify reservoir fluid. Conventional fluid factors are mostly based on the theory of single-phase medium. From the theory of biphasic medium rock physics, it can be better to study the effect of pore fluid on the elastic properties of fluid The construction of fluid factors provides better guidance. In this paper, the Gassmann fluid factor is used and its sensitivity is analyzed.

Key word:Equivalent medium modulus, porosity,Shear wave velocity estimation, Xu-White model, Gassmann fluid factor

目录

第一章绪论 (4)

1.1岩石物理学及其发展方向 (4)

1.2国内外研究现状 (4)

第二章基本理论模型分析 (6)

2.1有效介质模量理论 (6)

2.2波传播理论 (7)

2.3理论模型的比较及适用性分析 (9)

第三章速度影响因素分析 (10)

3.1岩性对速度的影响 (10)

3.2孔隙对速度的影响 (11)

3.3成岩作用对速度的影响 (11)

3.4密度对速度的影响 (11)

3.5孔隙流体对速度影响 (12)

3.6压力对速度的影响 (12)

3.7温度对速度的影响 (13)

第四章主要应用 (14)

4.1横波速度估算 (14)

4.2流体替换 (16)

4.3敏感属性参数优选 (16)

第五章实际资料的应用（基于孔隙弹性理论的地震岩石物理研究）.......... 错误!未定义书签。

5.1 东营组储层地震岩石物理模型构建............................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

5.2 基于岩石物理地震横波速度估计技术........................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

5.2.1横波速度估计理论 .................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

5.2.2实例计算 .................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

5.3基于孔隙介质理论的流体因子敏感性评价.................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

5.3.1流体因子构建 ............................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

5.3.2流体因子敏感性分析 ................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。