专题01 冠词、名词(教师版含解析) 2020-2022年近3年高考英语真题分项版汇编
2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题01-冠词(含答案)
专题一冠词重难点分析冠词是一种虚词，没有词义，不能单独使用，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。
冠词主要分为定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。
历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。
下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行梳理总结。
一、冠词的位置考点示例1 such/what/many/rather/quite + a(n) +形容词+单数可数名词quite a small house, such a little boy2 how/however/so/too/as/that/this+形容词+a(n) +单数可数名词so nice a girl3 both/all/half/twice/double + the+名词twice the size of the room4 half a(n)或a half+单数可数名词half an hour / a half hour二、不定冠词考点示例1 表示泛指，与any同义 A square has four sides. 正方形有四边。
2 表示数量“一”，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈He will be back in a week. 一周后，他就会回来了。
3 表示一类人或东西，与the same同义Bird of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。
4 表示“每一个”，与every, each, per同义I visit my father once a month. 我一个月见一次我爸爸。
5 表示“某一”，与a certain同义 A Mr. Smith is waiting to see you. 一位斯密斯先生在等着要见你。
6 表示“像……似的”，与like同义He is a Lei Feng in our class. 他是我们班上的雷锋。
7 用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、一阵、一份或一场”等We had a heavy rain last night. 我们昨晚遇到了一场大雨。
高考英语 热点题型和提分秘籍 专题01 名词(含解析)-人教版高三全册英语试题
专题01 名词【高频考点解读】名词是高考每年必考的语法项目。
近三年的考查要点主要集中在名词辨析上，特别是抽象名词的辨析。
不仅是单项填空，而且完形填空中也大量出现。
其他常考的语法点还有：①抽象名词具体化；②专有名词普通化；③与冠词的连用；④固定搭配。
【热点题型】题型一抽象名词具体化例1、It’s a good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.某某世博会给人们带来了快乐，欣赏世博会是一种美好的感受。
His new book was a great success.他的新书获得了巨大成功。
【提分秘籍】1．抽象名词具体化具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，具体指特定的某一件事时，这一抽象名词可作为可数名词。
(1)difficulty困难；a difficulty一件难事(2)experience经验；an experience一次经历(3)failure失败；a failure一位失败者，一件失败的事(4)knowledge知识；a good knowledge丰富的知识(5)success成功；a success一位成功者，一件成功的事(6)surprise惊奇；a surprise一件令人吃惊的事(7)honour荣誉；an honour一位/件带来荣誉的人或事2.有些物质名词可转化为可数名词—Would you like some coffee?—I would like a coffee and two beers.——你想喝点咖啡吗？——我想要一杯咖啡和两杯啤酒。
【举一反三】例2、Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.A．the；theB．a；aC．a；/ D．/；a【解析】选B。
专题01 词类、短语辨析-2022年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编(解析版)
专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）...Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years. Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.64.【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。
专题01 词类、短语辨析-2022年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编(解析版)
专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）...Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years. Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.64.【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。
专题01 名词、冠词-2022年高考英语语法易错点快速突破(解析版)
专题01 名词冠词一真题感悟1.（2021高考全国甲卷)It allows the traveler to become educated about the areas--both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provide money for conservation and benefits the ____(develop) of the local areas.【答案】development【解析】考查词性转换。
动词变为名词。
前面是the，后面是介词of，中间应当使用名词形式。
2.（2021高考全国乙卷）_____(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim ______(have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】Activities【解析】考查名词单复数。
根据下文range from whale watching to hiking...可知活动不止一个，需用复数形式。
3.（2020高考全国卷I）The far side of the moon is of particular______( interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.【答案】interest【解析】考查词性转换中的名词。
be of+抽象名词，且设空前为形容词particular故此处需要名词interest。
4. (2020高考全国卷II) Chinese New Year is a______(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.【答案】celebration【解析】考查词性转换中的名词。
2020年高考英语精选考点专题01冠词和名词(解析版).pdf
专题01 冠词和名词I.单项填空1.【2019·江苏卷】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的； C. proportion比例，占比； D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives inmany ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。
statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”；impression“印象，感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。
故选B。
3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists toexplore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
2020年高考英语词汇语法专题1：冠词易错点解题方法(含答案解析)
专题01 冠词易错点解题方法英语中冠词有3个，即a，an; the. 前两个是不定冠词，后一个是定冠词，冠词虽小，但用法灵活多变，但万变不离其中，只要是单数可数名词第一次出现，其前就加a/an, 名词第一个音标是辅音就用a, 第一个音标是元音就用an; 同一个名词再次出现或要特指其前就用the。
如：He is a boy of eighteen and he has an English girlfriend. The girlfriend comes from Britain. She likes the boy’s family very much.实际上，语言是活的，日常应用中变化多端，现就用高考常出现的一些陷阱例句来展示其用法：1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帅哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”A. the, theB. the, 不填C. 不填, theD. 不填, 不填【答案】A【解析】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。
在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。
如：(1) 当语言名词表特指意义，简单说当有修饰语加以修饰限定时，其前要用定冠词。
如：The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。
(2)当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。
What’s the English fo r this? 这个东西用英语怎么说?（3）当在语言名词后加上language一词时，也要用冠词。
如：There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。
2022版新高考英语总复习真题专题--专题一 名词、代词和冠词(解析版)
2022版新高考英语总复习--第一部分语言知识专题一名词、代词和冠词—三年模拟—A组考点基础题组Passage 1(用所给词的适当形式填空)It was late at night.Two1(German)were sleeping in their room when suddenly,one of them,Mrs. Green,was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his luck.She had three thousand2(dollar) in her pocket.“What should I do? Many3(thief)usually bring4(knife)with them,” she thought in5 (silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a6(sport)suit.It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room,so he went out to the next room where two7(Frenchman)were sleeping.When he was looking for8(money) or some9(jewel)in the next room,Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called the10(police).And then the thief knew what had happened.He was so scared that he took out a knife.Just then the police showed up.Before the thief ran away,the police caught him.For Mrs. Green,it was really an unusual experience.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.Germans2.dollars3.thieves4.knives5.silence6.sports7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.policePassage 2(冠词填空)When I walked down Third Avenue,as1rule,I would love to look into the windows of2old shop that sold old and beautiful things.Since I often took my walk after the closing time,I cupped my hands against3 windows to get4small look at the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been cared about for5long time,but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface.I even thought they were6most beautiful that I had ever seen.That was how I felt about7old, too. I knew their value,and it hurt me when others missed it.I was raised by my grandmotherand given8deep sense of the value of experience.Taught to behave well,my sister and I respected other people,regardless of their age or color.My grandmother was loved by all9people around her.She was known to be10wise and kind woman,who was able to do things well even in her last years.Old people should be treated as fine gold.They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽)with age,but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.a2.an3.the4.a5.a6.the7.the8.a9.the10.aPassage 3(代词选词填空)“Without the ball,I'm half complete of 1(myself,my),”Luís Figo,one of the world's greatest football players once said.The Portuguese played his first international match at the age of 18.He reached a new mark by playing2(his,him)hundredth match for his national team. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for3(him,them).“Figo,Figo,”4(all,both)shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.The Real Madrid player wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win5(another,other)Spanish Cup with Real Madrid.Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona, and he showed6(everyone,anyone)what a great player he was by winning.“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player,” said Joseph Blatter. Figo7 (himself,he) was a real leader8(who,which)always tried his best on the field and a good team player.He didn't have any problems working together with his teammate David Beckham.In fact,Figo was the first9(one,some)to welcome Bec kham when he arrived.“We have a strong team,and we can help one10(other,another) and work together to be successful,”Figo said.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.myself2.his3.him4.all5.another6.everyone7.himself8.who9.one10.anotherPassage 4(根据括号中的汉语提示完成下面的书信)Dear Ms. Chen,I'm Li Hua, a student from Class 2,Grade 3. I'm writing to apply for 1.(学生志愿者的职位).I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, I will be able to improve 2. (我的组织能力、沟通技巧以及我的信心) in speaking English in public.As 3.(一个外向的女孩), I get along well with my classmates. I have 4.(如此精通英语) that I am elected as 5.(英语老师的助手). Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in 6.(我们班几次英语活动), which have been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.I am sure that I can perfectly live up to 7.(您的期望). I would be grateful if you could 8.(考虑我).Looking forward to your reply.Yours truly,Li Hua 答案1.the position as a student volunteer2.my organizational ability, communication skills and confidence3.an outgoing girl4.such a good command of English5.assistant to my English teacher6.several English activities of our class7.your expectations8.take me into considerationB组专题综合题组Passage 1(2021山东济南外国语学校10月检测改编)On Oct. 15, 2018, one of1two co-founders of Microsoft, Paul Allen, died at age 65 from cancer.When2comes to Microsoft, the first person people think of is Bill Gates, the other co-founder of the firm. However, Allen was just as important to the 3(create) of the company. Allen was, many people say,4 much quieter person. He was content with the science side of things, while Gates has the better head for business.When the pair started Microsoft in5mid-1970s, they focused on the microcomputer industry. What they lacked, though, was an operating system. The 6(company) big break came in 1980, when Microsoft created the MS-DOS operating system. Later came Windows.After Allen passed away, Bill Gates made a statement to praise 7(he), “Even in high school, before most people knew what a personal computer was, Paul predicted that chips would get super-powerful and would eventually give rise to a whole new industry.”1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6.7.答案1.the2.it3.creation4.a5.thepany's7.himPassage 2(2021湖南三湘名校教育联盟10月大联考改编)Canada is bilingual (双语的),with English and French as the official languages. In 1996, 1percentage of Canadians reporting English as their mother tongue was just under 60 percent while those reporting French as their mother tongue was slightly less than 24 percent. The percentage of native English 2(speaker) had risen over the previous decade, while 3of French speakers had declined. At 4same time, about 17 percent of all Canadians could speak both official languages, though this is a regionalized phenomenon. In those 5(province) with the largest number of native French speakers, 38 percent and 33 percent respectively were bilingual, numbers that had been increasing steadily over 6previous twenty years. In contrast, Ontario, which accounts for more than 30 percent of the total population of Canada, has 7English-French bilingualism rate of about 12 percent. This is in part a result of the patterns of 8(immigrate) over time, which sees the majority of all immigrants getting to Ontario, and in part because all official and commercial 9(serve) in Ontario are conducted in English, even though French is available by law, if not by practice. English-French bilingualism is less important in the everyday lives of 10living outside of Quebec and New Brunswick.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.the2.speakers3.that4.the5.provinces6.the7.an8.immigration9.services10.thosePassage 3(2020广东珠海期末改编)Whether you see red, feel blue, or go green with envy may depend on what country you call home. And when they were given data on how1person associated colors with emotions, researchers could correctly predict where they were from. The 2(science) surveyed 711 people from China, Germany, Greece, and the United Kingdom. 3(volunteer) read the word for 12 colors, such as “green” and “black”. 4(them) then indicated what emotion the colors brought to mind, and how strongly the color was tied to the feeling. Across the board, the colors that inspired 5most emotion were red, black, and pink, but brown and purple didn't have that strong 6(association). Black was associated with7(sad) across all countries, for example, and red with positive emotions like love and 8(please), along with negative feelings such as anger and hate. Still, there were some cultural 9(different). For instance, brown has a stronger association with disgust in Germany than in other countries. People from Greece were the only group to associate purple firstly with unhappiness. White was considered as more negative in China (people there traditionally wear white to funerals), and yellow was positive in all 10(country)except Greece.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.a2.scientists3.Volunteers4.They5.the6.associations7.sadness8.pleasure9.differences10.countriesPassage 4(2020河北唐山期末改编)“Climate emergency” was picked by Oxford Dictionaries as 1word of the year for 2019 after being used on average 100 times more than in 2018.Defined as “a situation where urgent 2(act) is required to reduce or stop climate change and avoid environmental damage resulting from 3”, the word became one of the most important 4(term) of 2019. “Climate” did not have a place in the top words typically used to modify (修饰) “emergency” in 2018. Instead, the top types of emergencies that people wrote about were health, hospital and family emergencies. But with climate emergency, people saw something new, an 5(extend) of emergency to the global level. The 6(choose) was reflective, not just of the rise in climate 7(aware), but the focus specifically on the language used todiscuss it. Oxford said the rise of “climate emergency” showed 8intentional push towards language of urgency.The9(dictionary) word of the year is chosen to reflect attention of the passing year and should have lasting potential as a term of cultural 10(significant). Previous winners of the word of the year include “toxic” in 2018 and “youthquake” in 2017.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.the2.action3.it4.terms5.extension6.choice7.awareness8.an9.dictionary's10.significance。
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专题01 冠词、名词2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.答案：the解析：考查冠词。
句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。
故填the。
2．（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.答案：A解析：考查冠词。
句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。
根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。
故填A。
3.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.答案：the解析：考查非谓语动词。
句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。
特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。
故填the。
4.（2022年浙江1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.答案：the解析：考查冠词。
句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。
大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。
此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。
5.（2022.6新高考1卷语法填空）The GPNP’s main goa l is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _eventually (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 答案：.populations解析：考查名词。
句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。
设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。
故填populations。
6.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __largest_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.答案：responsibility解析：考查名词。
句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。
不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。
故填responsibility。
2021年高考真题1.（2021.6新高考1卷【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。
分析句子结构可知，must 为名词，表示 "必须的事" ，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。
故填a。
2.（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how【答案】humans【解析】考查名词。
分析句子结构可知，空处所填词应该作we 的同位语，故应该填名词的复数形式。
故填humans。
3.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9 (watchtower) to take pictures【答案】watchtowers【解析】考查名词。
根据句子结构，and 前后一致，and前是the different gates，名词的复数形式，所以空格也应该是名词的复数形式。
故填watchtowers。
4.（2021.6全国乙卷【答案】Activities【解析】考查可数名词复数。
空格所填词作主语，同时谓语动词range为非三单形式，因此应使用名词复数形式。
句意：那里有从鲸鱼观赏到远足等活动……。
故填Activities。
5.（2021.6全国甲卷改错）Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other.【答案】friend改为friends【解析】考查名词的单复数。
主语为Many students ，"their friend or classmates " 中or前后一致，故前面应该把friend 改为friends。
6. （2021.1 浙江卷【答案】person's【解析】考查名词所有格。
句意：BMI的计算方式是用人的体重数（以千克为单位）除以身高数（以米为单位）的平方。
分析句子结构It is calculated by dividing a (person) weight可知weight和person是从属关系。
故答案为person's。
7.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。
all the way 为固定搭配，意为"自始自终，一路上" 。
故填the。
8.（2021.6全国乙卷following principles:【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。
空格处所填词与空后的growing popularity of…一起作to的宾语，构成the growing popularity of…的固定用法。
句意：因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行……。
故填the。
9.（2021.6 浙江卷of their growing family.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词the，the Linclons 林肯一家人。
the+姓氏的复数，表示一家人。
句意：林肯一家人在1856年把房子扩建为一栋二楼，以满足他们日益增长的家人的需求。
10.（2021.6 浙江卷语法填空）In 1844 they bought it for＄1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who【答案】marriage【解析】考查名词。
此题考查动词变名词，marry→marriage，这里表示结婚仪式。
句意：Charles Dresser 于1842年在这里举行了他们的结婚仪式。
11.（2021.6全国乙卷改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. 【答案】dish改为dishes【解析】考查名词。
根据此句中的after meals可知，此处指多种菜品，应该用名词的复数形式。
故把dish 改为dishes。
12.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often【答案】development【解析】考查名词作宾语。
根据空前冠词the和空后介词of可知，空格应填名词。
句意：……并且对于当地地区的发展有益。
故填development。
13.（2021.3 天津卷medical science.A. traditionsB. advancesC. pressuresD. examples【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：由于医学的进步，公共卫生有了很大的改善。
A. traditions 传统；B. advance 提前、前进； C. pressures压力； D. examples例子。
根据句意可知，本空应填advances。
故选：B。
2020年高考真题1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.【答案】interest【解析】考查名词。
句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。
根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。
故填interest。
2.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks【解析】考查名词复数。