95年12月托福听力文字带答案
1995年12月听力文字带翻译
95 年12 月托福听力文字Part A1. A: It’s a beautiful day today. Want to go roller-skating?B: Any other time will be great. But today I’m working on a paper.What does the woman mean?2. A: I though you said you are going to call me last week about that car I’m s elling.B: Oh, I’m so sorry. It completely slipped my mind.What does the man mean?3. A: Before we go to the movie theater, I have to stop at the bank and get some money.B: Don’t worry about that. This is my treat.What does the woman mean?4. A: How did you like the concert? I found it really moving.B: I love classical music. But that conductor seemed a bit inexperienced.What does the man mean?5. A: I can’t find Elm Drive anywhere on this map. I don’t think there is any such street.B: It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.What can be inferred from the conversation?6. A: You seem cheerful today.B: It’s nice to see the sun for a change.What does the woman mean?7. A: I can’t believe that Prof. Lawrence is going to retire.B: He’s still going to lead a graduate seminar on each semester thought.What does the man mean?8. A: We’re having all kinds of troubles finding a new apartment for next year. What about you? B: My roommate and I decided that this year we’d stay p ut.What does the man mean?9. A: I fixed the window, painted the bookcase and repaired the desk and chair.B: Been busy, haven’t you?What does the woman imply about the man?10. A: Want to go to the library now, Betty?B: How about an hour or so?What does Betty mean?11. A: Excuse me. Your menu has so many salads. Could you recommend something?B: I think you will find that the chef salad is particularly good. The dressing is made with fresh apples.What will the man probably do next?12. A: If this weat her keeps up, I’m going to have to buy a warmer coat.B: Sounds like a good idea. Spring is still a long way off, you know.What does the man mean?13. A: I’m so frustrated. We’re supposed to do our assignments for statistics on the computer. But the ones on the student center are always tied up.B: I know what you mean. I’m looking forward to the day when I can afford to get myown.What does the woman mean?14. A: Ted, would you be interested in serving on the membership committee this year?B: Ohm, can I get back to you on that?What will the man probably do?15. A: Larry got a very high mark on this lab report.B: How he managed that is a mystery to me.What does the man imply?16. A: I heard you went to Colorado skiing over winter break.B: It was the m ost fun I’ve had in years.What does the woman mean?17. A: I really thought I’d win the match.B: Oh, well, better luck next time, Harry.What can be inferred from the conversation?18. A: I’m going to the store. Need anything?B: Well, I am low on laundry detergent.What does the man imply?19. A: Have you heard? There is going to be a history exam next Friday.B: Just what I need. Another test to study for.What does the man imply?20. A: Sam’s voice sounds awful. I could barely hear him.B: Yes, he’s go t a terrible sore throat. The doctor said he shouldn’t even attempt to whisper. What does the woman imply about Sam?21. A: If I’m not mistaken, your birthday is coming up. Has your brother sent you anything?B: Not yet. He never forgets though.What does the man imply?B: Why worry. We have a vacation coming up soon and you’ll have a lot of time.What does the man mean?23. A: Everyone’s raving about the new film at the center theater.B: Yeah, I hear it’s quite something.What is the attitude of the speakers toward the film?24. A: I feel so energetic since I started that aerobics class.B: Yeah, I am jealous. I’ve got to get into shape.What does the man mean?25. A: It’s raining again.B: This makes it four days in a row. Do you think it’ll ever stop?What does the woman mean?26. A: I heard Dan twisted his ankle during basketball practice yesterday.B: I guess that explains why I saw him at the clinic.What can be inferred about Dan?27. A: You seem on edge this morning.B: I have to give a presentation in class this afternoon.What does the man imply?28. A: It says here the next train is due in at 6:30.B: I know, but I don’t know whether I can make that one. I’d rather call you from the station than have you waiting around for an hour.What does the woman imply?29. A: I don’t know why we haven’t heard anything from Jane about Sunday.B: We’ve been in and out all week. Maybe we should try calling her.What does the man imply about Jane?30. A: What a gorgeous jacket! It must’ve cost a fortune.B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.What does the man say about the jacket?Part BQuestions 31-34 Listen to a conversation between two students.Hey, Sue. I was wondering if you could fill me in on Monday’s class? I had to go the dentist for emergency and I misse d Prof. Smith’s lecture. What was it on?It was pretty interesting. She talked about volcanoes, active volcanoes, under the-uh-West Antarctic ice sheet.There are active volcanoes under the ice?Apparently so. She said they help protect the ice sheet and prevent melting.Flooding will be pretty bad if that ice melted, not only there, but all over the world.You lost me there. Volcanoes are hot. How can something hot prevent ice from melting.Wait a minute, let me check my notes. Yeah, here it is. Volcanic heat melts just enough ice to create a slippery surface on the bottom of the glacier. This water allows ice to fellow out into the ocean. So the solid interior ice is protected from the ocean’s warm.Does that make sense?Sort of. You mean that because the ice is flowing out to the ocean, the warmer ocean water can’t flow in.Exactly. And the ice that melts is constantly being replaced by snow. Prof. Smith said that if the ice sheet ever broke up and melted, the sea level would go up seven meters. Then we would have those floods.Is that really possible? Or is it one of those exaggerations you hear all the time.As far as I can understand, it is possible, because of global warming. I mean if the ocean got a lot warmer that interior ice would be very likely to melt.Thanks for telling me about the lecture. Sounds like I’ve missed a pretty important class.嘿，苏。
1995年考研英语真题与答案
1995年考研英语真题Part Ⅰ Structure and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets, (5 points)1.Between 1897 and 1919, at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings wereportrayed .A. had producedB. have been producedC. would have producedD. had been produced2.There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than in thepublic mind today.A. existsB. existC. existingD. existed3. The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds his argument in favor of the new theory.A. which to base onB. on which to baseC. to base on whichD. which to be based on4.an help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.A. EverybodyB. AnybodyC. SomebodyD. Nobody5.How many of us , say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended6.Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A. so thatB. but thatC. in thatD. provided that7. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style in a personal one.A. rather thanB. other thanC. better thanD. less than8.is generally accepted,economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. WhatB. ThatC. ItD. As9. It is believed that today’s pop music can serve as a creative force stimulating the thinking of its listeners.A. byB. withC. atD. on10. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, the atmosphere.A. as it isB. the same isC. so isD. and so isSection B(11~20略：新大纲不再考查的部分)Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)21. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.A. admiredB. regardedC. expectedD. worshipped22. A of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.A. shorthandB. schemeC. scheduleD. sketch23. A man has to make for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.Ａ. supply B. assurance C. provision D. adjustment24. The newly-built Science Building seems enough to last a hundred years.A. spaciousB. sophisticatedC. substantialD. steady25. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are free medical care.A. entitled toB. involved inC. associated withD. assigned to26.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had moreat .A. dangerB. stakeC. lossD. threat27. I felt to death because I could make nothing of the chairman’s speech.Ａ. fatigued B. tired C. exhausted D. bored28. When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at .A. wrongB. troubleC. faultD. difficulty29. Your advice would be valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end.A. exceedinglyB. excessivelyC. extensivelyD. exclusively30.He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to theconsequences.A. answer forB. run intoC. abide byD. step into31.The river is already its banks because of excessive rainfall; and the city is threatenedwith a likely flood.Ａ. Parallel to B. level in C. flat on D. flush with32.People that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do theairliners of today.Ａ. convinced B. anticipated C. resolved D. assured33. In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or for language learningpurposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic programme for the reading skills.Ａ. adapted B. acknowledged Ｃ. assembled D. appointed 34. The mother said she would her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignmentbefore supper.Ａ. let down B. let alone C. let off D. let out35. We should always keep in mind that decisions often lead to bitter regrets.Ａ. urgent B. hasty C. instant D. prompt 36. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages in the dictionary.Ａ. missing B. losing C. dropping D. leaking37. In the past,most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women this field isclimbing.Ａ. engaging B. devoting C. registering D. pursuing 38. The supervisor didn’t have time so far to go into it , but he gave us an idea about hisplan.Ａ. at hand B. in turn C. in conclusion D. at length39. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest of being met.A. prospectB. predictionC. prosperityD. permission40.It’ s usually the case that people seldom behave in a way when in a furious state.A.stableB.rationalC.legal C.crediblePart Ⅱ Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep 41 kind of sleep is at all well understood, but REM sleep is 42 to serve some restorative function of the brain.The purpose of non REM sleep is even more 43 . The new experiments, such as those 44 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations45 of non-REM sleep.For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet,47 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.A researcher has now48 the mystery of why the animals die.The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood, 50 their immune systems—the self protecting mechanism against disease—had crashed.41.Ａ. Either B. Neither Ｃ. Each Ｄ. Any42. A. intended B. required C. assumed D. inferred43. A.subtle B. obvious C. mysterious D. doubtful44. A.maintained B. described C. settled D. afforded45. A.in the light B. by virtue C. with the exception D. for the purpose46. A.reduction B. destruction C. deprivation D. restriction47. A.upon B. by C. through D. with48. A.paid attention to B. caught sight of C. laid emphasis on D. cast light on49. A. develop B. produce C. stimulate D. induce50. A.if B. as if C. only if D. if onlyPart Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the ques-tion.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points)Passage 1Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living.By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment.It lowers the costs of many services:without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 percent more.And perhaps most important of all,advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy.Apart from the fact that twenty seven Acts of Parliament governthe terms of advertising,no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising.He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once.If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value.Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of.There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade.If its message were confined merely to information—and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive—advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well known television personality wants.51. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that .［A］he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising［B］everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming［C］advertising costs money like everything else［D］it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising52. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages ofadvertising? .［A］Securing greater fame［B］Providing more jobs［C］Enhancing living standards［D］Reducing newspaper cost53. The author deems that the well-known TV personality is .［A］very precise in passing his judgement on advertising［B］interested in nothing but the buyers’attention［C］correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information［D］obviously partial in his views on advertising54. In the author’s opinion,. .［A］advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information［B］advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over［C］there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer［D］the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisementPassage 2There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first.How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate,to move slowly,and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe.Do we think we re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.55. A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when .［A］he has given up his smoking habit［B］he has made great efforts in his work［C］he is keen on learning anything new［D］he has tried to determine where he is on his journey56. In the author’s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would .［A］succeed in climbing up the social ladder［B］judge his ability to grow from his own achievements［C］face difficulties and take up challenges［D］aim high and reach his goal each time57. When the author says “a new way of being” (Lines 3 ,Para. 3), he is referring to .［A］a new approach to experiencing the world［B］a new way of taking risks［C］a new method of perceiving ourselves［D］a new system of adapting to change58. For personal growth, the author advocates all of the following except .［A］curiosity about more chances［B］promptness in self-adaptation［C］open-mindedness to new experiences［D］avoidance of internal fears and doubtsPassage 3In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated.Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off.Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.Adding to social changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time consuming and sometimes even overwhelming.Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible puter technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence.Expertise can be shared worldwide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without theparticipants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. “Knowledge is power”may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people.59.The word “it” (Line 3, Para. 2) most probably refers to .［A］the lack of stable communities［B］the breakdown of informal information channels［C］the increased mobility of families［D］the growing number of people moving from place to place60. The main problem people may encounter today arises from the fact that . .［A］they have to learn new things consciously［B］they lack the confidence of securing reliable and trustworthy information［C］they have difficulty obtaining the needed information readily［D］they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family61. From the passage we can infer that . .［A］electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages［B］it will become more difficult for people to keep secrets in an information era［C］people will spend less time holding meetings or conferences［D］events will be reported on the spot mainly through satellites62. We can learn from the last paragraph that . .［A］it is necessary to obtain as much knowledge as possible［B］people should make the best use of the information accessible［C］we should realize the importance of accumulating information［D］it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficientlyPassage 4Personality is to a large extent inherent—A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution.Too many schools adopt the “win at all costs” moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer! ”By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change into B’s.The world needs types, and schools hav e an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy.It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.63. According to the passage, A-type individuals are usually .［A］impatient ［B］considerate［C］aggressive ［D］agreeable64. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because .［A］the pressure is too great on the students［B］some students are bound to fail［C］failure rates are too high［D］the results of examinations are doubtful65. The selection of medical professionals are currently based on . .［A］candidates’ sensitivity ［B］academic achievements［C］competitive spirit ［D］surer values66. From the passage we can draw the conclusion that . .［A］the personality of a child is well established at birth［B］family influence dominates the shaping of one’s characteristics［C］the development of one’s personality is due to multiple factors［D］B-type characteristics can find no place in a competitive societyPassage 5That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive.In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals.Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer; for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the species.Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output).Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input output balance. 67. From the evolutionary point of view, .［A］forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously inadaptive［B］if a person gets very forgetful all of a sudden he must be very adaptive［C］the gradual process of forgetting is an indication of an individual’s adaptability［D］sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequences68. According to the passage,if a person never forgot, . .［A］he would survive best［B］he would have a lot of trouble［C］his ability to learn would be enhanced［D］the evolution of memory would stop69. From the last paragraph we know that . .［A］forgetfulness is a response to learning［B］the memory storage system is an exactly balanced input-output system［C］memory is a compensation for forgetting［D］the capacity of a memory storage system is limited because forgetting occurs70. In this article, the author tries to interpret the function of . .［A］remembering ［B］forgetting［C］adapting ［D］experiencingPart Ⅳ English Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (15 points)The standardized educational or psychological test that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning,or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. (71)The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance:school grades, research productivity, sales records, or whatever is appropriate.(72)How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned, the skills he has developed, or the kinds of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. (73)Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.(74)In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined. Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recognized, but there are many things they do not do. (75)For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been, had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.Part Ⅴ Writing (15 points)Directions:A. Title: THE “PROJECT HOPE”B. Time limit: 40 minutesC. Word limit: 120～150 words (not including the given opening sentence)D. Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the givenopening sentence: “Education plays a very important role in the modernization of our country”E. Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Outline:1. Present situation;2. Necessity of the project;3. My suggestion.1995年考研英语真题答案快速扫描1995年考研英语真题答案系统精析Part Ⅰ Structure and VocabularySection A1.Between 1897 and 1919, at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings wereportrayed .A. had produced Ｂ. have been producedC. would have producedD. had been produced【句意】在1897年至1919年期间,至少拍摄了二十九部描写有关人造生物的影片。
195年8月托福听力真题、文字及答案-修正版.docx
托福听力真题、文字及答案一修正版1.95年8月托福听力19 95 08 01 W: Do you want to go on 进行a trip with us toFlorida this spring?It will cost about $300 a person.M: $300? You think I just have this fortune?Q: What can be inferred about the man?(A) He makes a lot of money.(B) He has just been left some money.(C) He doesn't believe three hun dred dollars is eno ugh・(D) He can't afford to spend that much.19 95 08 02 W: My watch stopped again. And I just got a newbatter y.M: Why don't you take it to Smith's Jewelry. Theycan check it for you. And theyYe pretty reas on able・ Q: What does the man mean?(A) He knows what is wrong with the watch.(B) The woman doesn't need to buy another battery.(C) The woman should get a new watch・(D) The jewelry store can probably repair the woman's watch.19 95 08 03 W: We f re going to change our meeting from Monday to Tuesday ・M: Ifs all the same to me.Q: What does the man mean?(A) He has another meeting to attend on that day・(B) He's available either day・(C) He can't attend a two-day conference.(D) Not everybody will go to the same meeting.19 95 08 04 M: We plan to go to the beach after class・ Want tocome?W: rd love to. But Prof. Jones want to speak withme.Q: What will the woman probably do?(A) Go to the beach with her trie nds.(B) Postpone her meeting with Professor Jones.(C) See Professor Jones after class・(D) Give a speech in Professor Jones's class・19 95 08 05 W: Janet sounded worried about her grades・ M:But she's getting As & Bs, isn't she?Q: What does the man imply about Janet?(A) She isn't a very good student.(B) She hasrTt gotten her grades yet.(C) She should n't worry about her grades ・(D) She doesrYt like to talk about grades・19 95 08 06 W: You look great since you've been taking thoseexercises classes・M: Thanks. I've never felt better in my life.Q: What does the man imply?(A) The classes have improved his health.(B) His new glasses fit better than the old ones.(C) He's thinking of taking exercise classes・(D) He's unhappy about his life.19 95 08 07 M: I had a hard time getting through this novel. W: Iknow how you feel. Who can remember the namesof 35 different characters・Q: What does the woman imply?(A) She also found the book difficult.(B) She has learned a lot about names・(C) She doesn*t remember the title of the novel.(D) She read a different book・19 95 08 08 M: Thafs a long line. Do you think therell be anytickets left?W: 1 doubt it. Guess well wind up 结束going to thesecond show・Q: What does the woman mean?(A) Theyll have to go to a later show.(B) The people in line all have tickets・(C) She doesrft want to go to the second show・(D) They won't have to wait much Ion ger.19 950809 W: This course in much too hard for me. M: Sorryyou decided to take it, huh?Q: What does the man ask the woman?(A) If it*s too late for her to drop the course・(B) If she sympathizes with him・(C) If she apologized for what she did.(D) If she regrets taking the course・19 95 08 10 M: Are you going home for winter vacation? W: Pdagreed to stay on here as a research assista nt.Q: What can be inferred about the woman?(A) Shell be traveling during winter break.(B) Shell be working during vacation.(C) She's look!ng forward to going home・(D) She wants to hire another research assistant.19 95 08 11 M: Hello!W: Hello! This is Dr. Grey's office. We're calling toremi nd you of your 4:15 appoi ntment for yourannual checkup tomorrow.M: Oh, thanks. It's a good thing that you called. Ithought it was 4:15 today・(A) He*s glad he called the doctor.(B) He wants to change the appointment.(C) He can't come until 4:15.(D) He was confused about the date of the appointment.Q: What does the man mean?19 95 08 12 W: How wonderful you won the scholarship 奖学金.Can you believe it?M: No. It*s almost too good to be true.几乎是太好了以至于不能相信Q: What does the man mean?(A) No one believes he won the scholarship.(B) He's surprised that he got the scholarship・(C) It isn't true that he won the scholarship.(D) He's glad to award the woman the scholarship.19 95 08 13 W: Excuse me ・ Prof. Davids on. But I was hopingto talk to you about my class project for economics.M: I have a class in a few minutes・ Why don't youcome to see me during office hours 上班时间tomorrow?Q: When will the woman discuss her project withProf. Davidson?(A) During economics class・(B) Before economics・(C) In about an hour.(D) The next day.19 95 08 14 M: How are you feeling?W: The stuff the nurse gave me seemed to havehelped. But it's making me awfully 非常地drowsy 昏昏欲睡的.Q: What does the woman mean?(A) The nurse wasn't able to help her.(B) She's going to help the nurse.(C) She thinks she should ask the nurse for a pill.(D) She feels sleepy because of the medicine she took・19 95 08 15 M: Bill Smith has volunteered 志愿to write asummary 总结of the proposals we*ve agreed on.W: Will I have a chance to review it?Q: What does the woman want to know?(A) Whether she can make a proposal.(B) Whether Bill needs her help.(C) Whether she can review Bill's summary・(D) Whether she can speak for Bill.19 95 08 16 W: Why don't you wear that yellow shirt that yoursister gave you for your birthday・M: I love that shirt. But ifs missing two buttons.纽扣Q: What does the man mean?(A) He can't wear the shirt right now.(B) He can't find the shirt.(C) He doesn't like the shirt.(D) He thinks the shirt is in appropriate for the occasi on.19 95 08 17 W: How many classes do you have today?M: Just one. From 3 till 6.Q: What does the man mean?(A) He has three classes in a row.(B) His class begins at one o'clock.(C) His class meets for three hours・(D) He will be in class all after noon.19 95 08 18 W: Our football team didn't play very well. M: That'strue・ But at least we won the game. Q: What doesthe man mean?(A) The team won despite poor play.(B) The team has to play at least one game・(C) At least the football team played well.(D) The team should have won the game.19 95 08 19 M: This has been an unusually cool summer.W: Uh huh! I actually had to get out 拿出my wool 羊毛sweaters毛衣、运动衫in AugustQ: What does the woman imply?(A) She needed warmer clothing than in previous summers.(B) She knitted two sweaters in August.(C) August was warmer than the rest of the summer.(D) She was unusually busy all summer.19 95 08 20 M: I got some bad news today・ The store where Iwork in laying off 角军雇staff・W: Are they going to let you go?Q: What does the woman want to know?(A) If the man is going to the store・(B) How the man feels about the news.(C) If the man is going to lose his job.(D) Where the man heard the news.19 95 08 21 M: rd like to pick this film 胶片up by 4 tomorrowafter noon.W: I can have it for you at 2 if you like・Q: What does the woman say about the film?(A) It will be ready at four o'clock today・(B) It can be picked up at two o'clock tomorrow・(C) It will be ready in two hours.(D) Only two rolls will be ready on time.19 95 08 22 M: I talked to Philip today and he said he°d be coming to the party・W: Oh, so he can come after all.Q: What can be inferred about Philip?(A) Hell go to the party with the woman.(B) He met the man at the party.(C) He has changed his plans.(D) He has to work late.1995M: Gary insists on buying the food for the picnic. (A) Pay for some of the food・08 23 W: That's pretty generous 慷慨的.But shouldn't weat least offer to share the expense 价钱,费用？Q: What does the woman suggest they do?(B) Insist on choosing their own food.(C) Treat Gary to dinner some other time・(D) Thank Gary for his generous offer.19 95 08 24 M: How's the new job going?W: Well.「m getting used to 习惯于lots of newthings. But I wish the supervisor would give mesome feedback.Q: What does the woman mean?(A) She used to work at a newspaper.(B) She's like her supervisor's opinion of her work.(C) She wishes she had a different kind of work.(D) She meets with her supervisor regularly.19 95 08 25 W: Did Linda ever finish that introductory chapter?M: I'm not sure・ She f s spent hours on end rewritingit.Q: What does the man imply about Lin da?(A) She rearranged the chapters of her book・(B) She assured him that the chapter was finished・(C) She worked on the chapter for quite a while・(D) She wasrTt sure how to end the book.19 95 08 26 W: The supermarket down the street is sellingeveryth!ng half price because they are going out ofbusiness 歇业.M: Sounds like an ideal 理想的time to stock up 储存，备用on coffee.Q: What does the man mean?(A) There's room to stack up the cans of coffee・(B) The store is out of coffee・(C) They should buy a lot of coffee・(D) They should wait for a better deal on coffee.19 95 08 27 W: Have you heard anything about the newprofessor?M: Just that she's no pushover 听从的人.Q: What does the man say about the professor?(A) She works very hard・(B) She is very strict.(C) Her classes fill up quickly.(D) Ifs easy to get good grades in her courses.19 95 08 28 M: I need to get a copy of my birth certificate 出生证.W: Sorry. But we can only accept requests by mailnow.Q: What does the woman mean?(A) The office already mailed the marYs birth certificate・(B) The office no Ion ger issues birth certificates ・(C) The man doesn't have sufficient identification for hisrequest.(D) The man will have to apply for his birth certificate inwriting.19 95 08 29 W: When is the earliest flight from Washington toNew York?M: There's a shuttle 往返at six. And if that's full,there's another at 7・Q: What does the man mean?(A) The woman has a choice of early flights.(B) Not many planes go to Washington.(C) The woman should take the earlier flight.(D) The six oCock flight is already filled.19 95 08 30 M: How do you like to help me plan therefreshments 茶点for the astronomy 天文学clubmeeting tomorrow night?W: Sure. Let's be careful not to overdo 夸张，过度itthough・ Last time we had enough for 3 clubs puttogether.Q: What does the woman mean?(A) She would prepare extra refreshments.(B) They should prepare extra refreshments.(C) The members of the club always eat a lot.(D) There was too much food at a previous meeting.19 95 08 31 33 David, can I give you a hand 帮忙with one of thosegrocery食品杂货丿占bags?Sure, Nanny. Could you take this one please? Ididn f t realize how heavy these bags would be.Why did you buy so much stuff when you have towalk back home from the store?Well, I didn't intend 打算，计划to buy a lot. But I'mhaving some people over and I guess I neededmore than I expected.Whafs the occasion?Now the people I live with, the Kremers, have beenon vacation for a month and I thought rd surprisethem .rm inviting some of their trie nds and familiesfor a welcome 受欢迎的home dinner.Oh, that's really thoughtful 体贴的，有思想的of you.31. What is David trying to do?(A) Get a ride home with Nancy.(B) Find a place to live・(C) Go to the store before it closes.(D) Carry his groceries home.32. Why did David think he wouldn't have a problem?(A) He didn't expect to buy a lot.(B) He had only one bag of groceries・(C) The supermarket is just down the block・(D) He thought he'd get a ride with the Kramers.33. Why is David appreciative of the Kremers?I figure 表示 ifs the least I can do for them. They've been letting me stay with them rent free while I'm inschool.Really? That's pretty generous 慷慨的 of them. Well, they understand how difficult it is to make ends meet 量入为出,勉强糊口 when youYe a student. They've been such a big help to me. I thought that this might be a small way to thank them for the generosity 慷慨.(A) They are paying for his education. (B) They invited him to their party ・ (C) They took him on a vacation with them. (D) They let him live with them for free. 19 95 08 34 37Hi! How was your trip?Wonderful I spent most of my time at the artmuseum. I especially liked the new wing 机翼,翅膀.I was amazed to hear the guide explain the problems they had building it. Right. I just read an article that went on & on about the cost. 90 million total I think.Yeah ・ The guide mentioned that. You could seethey spared 节约，省下 noexpense.Hm. It looked really unusual, at least from what Isaw in the picture.It is. The basic design is two triangles 三角形・ In fact there are triangles all over. The paving 铺的stones in the courtyard 院子，the skylights 天窗 and even a lot of the sculptures 籬塑.One sculpture is a mobile ・ It's in the courtyard andit's made of pieces of aluminum 铝 that movesslowly in the air. It's really impressive 给人印象深亥ij 的. That was in the article too. It said that the original was steel and it weighed so much that it wasn't safe to hand 拿起. Right. They did it over in aluminum so it wouldnl come crashi ng dow n 碰至 ij on some one's head ・ You know the article went into 研究 that in detail. There was eve n an in terview with the sculptor 雕塑/ 刻家.rd like to read that. Would you mind if 1 borrow the magazine sometime?No. 1 wouldrft mind if 1 haverft thrown it out yet. 34. What did the woman think of the new wing of the mu seum? (A) She was impressed by it (B) It was a waste of money.(C) She was amazed it had opened so soon. (D) She didn't like it as much as the other wings. 35. How had the man learned about the museum?(A) He took a tour of the city.(B) He read about it.(C) He wrote an article about it. (D) He worked there as a guide ・36. According to the woman, what do the paving stones, skylights and mobile have in comm on?(A) They came from the original wring. (B) They fre made of the same material. (C) TheyYe similar in shape ・ (D) They were designed by the same person. 37. What was the problem with the original mobile? (A) It was made of aluminum. (B) It wasn't large enough. (C) It would n't move in the wind ・ (D) It was too heavy to put up. 19 950838 41In the few minutes that remain of today's class ・ I'd like to discuss next weeks schedule with you becausepresenting 呈现，赠送 a paper at aconferenee in Detroit on Thursday, 1 won't be here for either Wednesday's or Friday's class ・ 1 willhowever be here for Monday's ・ Next Friday, aweek from today, is the midterm exam, marking the half way point in the semester. Prof. Andrews has agreed to admi nister 执行，管理 the exam .In place of 代替，取代 the usual Wednesda/s class, Tve arranged an optional review session. Since it isoptional, attendance 参力口，出席 will not be taken.However attending the class would be a good idea for those worried about the midterm. So remember: Optional class next Wednesday; Midterm, Friday. 38. What is the purpose of the talk? (A) To review material that will be on a test. (B) To introduce a new professor.(C) To explain changes in the schedule ・ (D) To describe the contents of a paper. 39. At what point during the semester does the talk takeplace?(A) At the beginning. (B) In the middle.(C) One week before the end.(D) At the end.40. What did Prof. Andrews agree to do?(A) Administer an exami nation. (B) Present a conference paper.(C) Explain next week's schedule.(D) Take attendance in class ・41. What will occur at next Wednesday's class time? (A) A regular class will be given.(B) An optional review class will be given. (C) An exam will be given. (D) Class will be canceled ・19 95 08 42 46 Today's lecture well center on the prehistoric 史前的people of Nevada Desert・ Now most of theseprehistoric desert people moved across thecountryside 农村throughout the year. You mightthink that theyYe wandering 闲逛，漫步aimlessly 毫无目的的.Far from it, they actually followed theseries of carefully planned moves・Where they moved depended on where food wasavailable・ Places where plants were ripening 成款!or fish were spawning 产卵.Now often when thesepeople moved, they carried all their possessions ontheir backs. But if the journey was long, extra foodand tools were sometimes stored in caves 山洞，窑洞or beneath在…的下方rocks.One of these caves is now an excitingarchaeological site・ Beyond 晚于its small openingis a huge underground 出也下白勺grotto 洞穴.Eventhough the cave is very large, it was certainly twodark 黑暗的and dusty 灰蒙蒙的for the crawlers 爬彳亍动物to live in. But it was a great place to hidethings. And tremendous 巨大fl勺amounts of foodsupplies and artifacts 手工艺品have been foundthere. The food in eludes dried fish seeds 种子andnuts 工艺品.The artifacts in elude stone spear 矛points 尖and knives・ The spear points are actuallyrather small. Here is a picture of some that werefound. You can see their size in relation to 有•关，涉及the hands holding them・42. What is the main subject of this talk?(A) Rock formations in the Nevada desert・(B) Graduate studies in anthropology・(C) Excavation techniques used in archaeology.(D) Prehistoric desert people of Nevada・43. What point does the speaker make about the prehistoric people of the Nevada Desert?(A) They planned their migrations.(B) They didn't travel far from their base camps・(C) They hid from their enemies in caves・(D) They planned seeds near their camps・44. Why didn*t the people live in the cave described by the speaker?(A) They had trouble finding it.(B) Lack of light made it impossible・(C) It was too small for a group to fit into.(D) Items stored by others took up most of the space.45. What have archaeologists found in the cave?(A) Prehistoric desert people・(B) Migratory animals.(C) Food supplies and tools・(D) Growing plants.46. Why does the speaker show a photo to the class?(A) To illustrate the size of some objects・(B) To introduce the next assignment.(C) To show some artifact on display at the campus museum.(D) To dem on strate his photographic ability ・19 95 08 47 50 To us, the environment in which fish dwell 居住often seems cold, dark and mysterious 神秘的，不可思议H勺.But there are advantages to living inwater. And they"ve played an important role inmaking fish what they are. 6ne is that water isn'tsubject to 易受…fl勺sudden temperature changes・ Therefore it makes an excellent habitat 住处for acold blooded animal.Another advantage is the water's ability to easilysupport body weight. Protoplasm 原浆hasapproximately the same density 密度as water. So afish in water is almost weightless 无重量的.Thisweightlessness in turn 依次means two things:1) A fish can get along with a light weight and asimple bone structure. And2) Limitations 局限to a fish's size are practically 实际上removed・ Yet there is one basic difficulty toliving in water the fact that it is in compressible 不能压缩fl勺.For a fish to move through water, it mustactually shove 猛推it aside・ Most can do this bywiggling ill动 back and forth 来回地in snakelikemotion. The fish pushes water aside by the forwardmotion of its head and with a curve of its body andits flexible tall・ Next the water flows back along thefishes narrowing 狭小的size, closing in at the talland helping the fish propel 推动itself forward・ Thefact that water is in compressible has literally 真正土也shaped 形成the development of fish. A flatand angular 有角的shape can be moved throughwater only with difficulty・ And for this reason, fishhave a basic shape that is beautifully adapted todeal with this peculiarity 特点/性.47. What is the talk mainly about?(A) A comparison of fish to warm-blooded animals.(B) The differenee between saltwater and freshwater environments.(C) The imports nee of fish to huma n beings.(D) How water has affected the development of fish.48. What does the speaker mention as a problem that water presents to fish?(A) It can't be compressed・(B) It is often polluted.(C) Its temperature often fluctuates dramatically・(D) It limits their size.49. The speaker compares a fish*s movement with that ofwhat creature?(A) A whale.(B) A human.(C) A snake・(D) A snail.50. What aspect of a fish does the speaker discuss in the most detail?(A) Its skeleton・(B) Its shape.(C) Its senses・(D) l ts body temperature・199508ANSWER:1-10 DDBCC, AAADB; 11-20 DBDDC, ACAAC; 21-30 BCABC, CBDAD; 31-40 DADAB, CDCBA; 41-50 BDABC, ADACB。
1995年考研英语真题及答案
1995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I: Structure and V ocabularyPart A:Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)1. Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed ________.[A] had produced[B] have been produced[C] would have produced[D] had been produced2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than ________ in the public mind today.[A] exists[B] exist[C] existing[D] existed3. The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds ________ his argument in favor of the new theory.[A] which to base on[B] on which to base[C] to base on which[D] which to be based on4. ________ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.[A] Everybody[B] Anybody[C] Somebody[D] Nobody5. How many of us ________, say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in the discussion?[A] attended[B] Attending[C] to attend[D] have attended6. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe ________ it provides he building blocs from which the other elements are produced.[A] so that[B] but that[C] in that[D] provided that7. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style ________ in a personalone.[A] rather than[B] Other than[C] better than[D] less than8. ________ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.[A] What[B] That[C] It[D] As9. It is believed that today’s pop music can serve as a creative force ________ stimulating the thinking of its listeners.[A] by[B] with[C] at[D] on10. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ________ the atmosphere.[A] as it is[B] the same as[C] so is[D] and so isPart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)11. The conveniences that Americans desire reflecting [A] not so much a leisurely [B] lifestyle asa busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are [C] too valuable to be wasted [D].12. In debating one mu st correct the opponent’s [A] facts, deny the relevance of his proof, or deny that [B] what [C] he presents as proof, unless [D] relevant, is sufficient.13. We are not conscious of [A] the extent of which [B] provides the psychological satisfaction that [C] can make the difference [D] between a full and an empty life.14. The Portuguese give [A] a great deal of credit to one man [B] for having promoted [C] sea travel, that man was [D] Prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15th century.15. Accounts of [A] scientific experiments are generally correct for [B] those write about [C] science are careful in checking [D] the accuracy of their reports.16. whenever we hear of [A] a natural disaster, even [B] in a distant part of the world, we feel sympathy [C] for the people to have affected [D].17. It is perhaps not an exaggeration to say [A] that we shall soon be trusting [B] our health, wealth and happiness to elements with whom [C] very names the general public are [D] unfamiliar.18. The speaker claimed that no other [A] modern nation devotes so small [B] a portion of its wealth to public assistance and health than [C] the United States does [D].19. There are those who consider it questionable that these defence-linked [A] research projectswill account for [B] an improvement in the standard of living or, alternately, to do much [C] to protect our diminishing [D] resources.20. If individuals are awakened [A] each time as [B] they begin a dream phase of sleep, they are likely to become irritable even though [C] their total amount of sleep has been [D] sufficient.Part C:Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)21. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly ________ if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.[A] admired[B] regarded[C] expected[D] worshipped22. [A] ________ of the long report by the budget committed was submitted to the mayor for approval.[A] shorthand[B] scheme[C] schedule[D] sketch23. [A] man has to make ________ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.[A] supply[B] assurance[C] provision[D] adjustment24. The newly-built Science Building seems ________ enough to last a hundred years.[A] spacious[B] sophisticated[C] substantial[D] steady25. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ________ free medical care.[A] entitled to[B] involved in[C] associated with[D] assigned to26. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at ________.[A] danger[B] stake[C] loss[D] threat27. I felt ________ to death because I could make nothing of the chairman’s speech.[B] tired[C] exhausted[D] bored28. When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at ________.[A] wrong[B] trouble[C] fault[D] difficulty29. Your advice would be ________ valuable to him, who is at present at his wit’s end.[A] exceedingly[B] excessively[C] extensively[D] exclusively30. He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to ________ the consequences.[A] answer for[B] run into[C] abide by[D] step into31. The river is already ________ its banks because of excessive rainfall; and the city is threatened with a likely flood.[A] parallel to[B] level in[C] flat on[D] flush with32. People ________ that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today.[A] convinced[B] anticipated[C] resolved[D] assured33. In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or ________ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic programmed for the reading skills.[A] adapted[B] acknowledged[C] assembled[D] appointed34. The mother said she would ________ her son washing the dished if he could finish his assignment before supper.[A] let down[B] let alone[C] let off35. We should always keep in mind that ________ decisions often lead to bitter regrets.[A] urgent[B] hasty[C] instant[D] prompt36. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ________ in the dictionary.[A] missing[B] losing[C] dropping[D] leaking37. In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women ________ this field is climbing.[A] engaging[B] devoting[C] registering[D] pursuing38. The supervisor didn’t have time so far to go into it ________, but he gave us an idea about his plan.[A] at hand[B] in turn[C] in conclusion[D] at length39. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest ________ of being met.[A] prospect[B] prediction[C] prosperity[D] permission40. It’s usually the case that people seldom behave in a ________ way when in a furious state.[A] stable[B] rational[C] legal[D] credibleSection II: Close TestFor each numbered blank in following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. __41__ kind of sleep is at all well understood, but REM sleep is __42__ to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more __43__. The new experiments, such as these __44__ for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations __45__ of non-REM sleep.For example, it has long been known that total sleep __46__ is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, __47__examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now __48__ the mystery of why the animals die. The rats __49__ bacterial infections of the blood, __50__ their immune systems -- the self-protecting mechanism against disease -- had crashed.41. [A] Either[B] Neither[C] Each[D] Any42. [A] intended[B] required[C] assumed[D] inferred43. [A] subtle[B] obvious[C] mysterious[D] doubtful44. [A] maintained[B] described[C] settled[D] afforded45. [A] in the light[B] by virtue[C] with the exception[D] for the purpose46. [A] reduction[B] destruction[C] deprivation[D] restriction47. [A] upon[B] by[C] through[D] with48. [A] paid attention to[B] caught sight of[C] laid emphasis on[D] cast light on49. [A] develop[B] produce[C] stimulate[D] induce50. [A] if[B] as if[C] only if[D] if onlySection III: Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value.Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade.If its message were confined merely to information -- and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive -- advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.51. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that ________.[A] he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising[B] everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming[C] advertising costs money like everything else[D] it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising52. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?[A] Securing greater fame.[C] Enhancing living standards.[B] Providing more jobs.[D] Reducing newspaper cost.53. The author deems that the well-known TV personality is ________.[A] very precise in passing his judgment on advertising[B] interested in nothing but the buyers’ attention[C] correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information[D] obviously partial in his views on advertising54. In the author’s opinion, ________.[A] advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information[B] advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over[C] there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer[D] the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisementText 2There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language -- all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then o ur sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.55. A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when ________.[A] he has given up his smoking habit[B] he has made great efforts in his work[C] he is keen on leaning anything new[D] he has tried to determine where he is on his journey56. In the author’s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would ________.[A] succeed in climbing up the social ladder[B] judge his ability to grow from his own achievements[C] face difficulties and take up challenges[D] aim high and reach his goal each time57. When the author says “a new way of being” (line 2~3, Para. 3) he is referring to ________.[A] a new approach to experiencing the world[C] a new method of perceiving ourselves[B] a new way of taking risks[D] a new system of adaptation to change58. For personal growth, the author advocates all of the following except ________.[A] curiosity about more chances[C] open-mindedness to new experiences[B] promptness in self-adaptation[D] avoidance of internal fears and doubtsText 3In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War II. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.Adding to societal changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming.Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before. Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. “Knowledge is power” may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people.59. The word “it” (line 3, Para. 2) most probably refers to ________.[A] the lack of stable communities[B] the breakdown of informal information channels[C] the increased mobility of families[D] the growing number of people moving from place to place60. The main problem people may encounter today arises from the fact that ________.[A] they have to learn new things consciously[B] they lack the confidence of securing reliable and trustworthy information[C] they have difficulty obtaining the needed information readily[D] they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family61. From the passage we can infer that ________.[A] electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages[B] it will become more difficult for people to keep secrets in an information era[C] people will spend less time holding meetings or conferences[D] events will be reported on the spot mainly through satellites62. We can learn from the last paragraph that ________.[A] it is necessary to obtain as much knowledge as possible[B] people should make the best use of the information[C] we should realize the importance of accumulating information[D] it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficientlyText 4Personality is to a large extent inherent -- A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly comp etitive institution. Too many schools adopt the ‘win at all costs’ moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!”By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change into B’s. The world needs A types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his pos sible future employment. It is top management.If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.63. According to the passage, A-type individuals are usually ________.[A] impatient[B] considerate[C] aggressive[D] agreeable64. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because ________.[A] the pressure is too great on the students[B] some students are bound to fail[C] failure rates are too high[D] the results of exanimations are doubtful65. The selection of medical professionals is currently based on ________.[A] candidates’ sensitivity[B] academic achievements[C] competitive spirit[D] surer values66. From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ________.[A] the personality of a child is well established at birth[B] family influence dominates the shaping of one’s characteristics[C] the development of one’s personality is due to multiple factors[D] B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive societyText 5That experiences influence subsequent behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such as effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences. Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serve that survival of the individual and the species.Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offers gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance.67. From the evolutionary point of view, ________.[A] forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously inadaptive[B] if a person gets very forgetful all of a sudden he must be very adaptive[C] the gradual process of forgetting is an indication of an ind ividual’s adaptability[D] sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequences68. According to the passage, if a person never forgot, ________.[A] he would survive best[B] he would have a lot of trouble[C] his ability to learn would be enhanced[D] the evolution of memory would stop69. From the last paragraph we know that ________.[A] forgetfulness is a response to learning[B] the memory storage system is an exactly balanced input-output system[C] memory is a compensation for forgetting[D] the capacity of a memory storage system is limited because forgetting occurs70. In this article, the author tries to interpret the function of ________.[A] remembering[B] forgetting[C] adapting[D] experiencingSection IV: English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)The standardized educational or psychological test that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in congress. 71) The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance: school grades, research productivity, sales records, or whatever is appropriate. 72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. 73) Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.74) In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined. Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recognized, but there are many things they do not do. 75) For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown。
12月19日托福听力真题答案及解析
12月19日托福听力真题答案及解析12月19日托福听力真题对话：学生服务场景女生丢了register card，没了就不能去博物馆看展览，因为本来需要写agricultural的论文，她去傅物馆找素材。
这礼拜不去傅物馆就要买computer就要关门了。
所以需要一个新的卡，然后老师以为她没有通过email发给他表格, 后来想起来女生己经填过了表格，然后说如果要新的卡需要预约，然后拍照什么的才能办理，但是因为她很着急，工作人员说就给她办了个临时的，女生说要去教授那里说她丢了card的事情，男的说今天我们这里关门了，你明后天应该能拿到正式的卡片。
讲座：社会科学科技和社会发展之间的关系。
科技有时候会独立影响社会的发展，比如在打印机出来以后，德国人读写能力进步很大，开始强调版权什么的。
教授说其实有些影响很远，比如说工业革命。
因为有了打印机科学家交流变多，才得以工业革命的发展，这里看起来所有的影响都是积极的，其实没有什么积极不积极，只是它有一定影响。
但是这个理论现在很不全面，因为有的科技就算己经有了但是也需要等人们可以接受了才会开始发展，举了古代的希腊的发明的例子，因为当时认为写实主义不好，所以photo就没发展起来，后来到了1900年的欧洲，举了斯卡布罗集市那个油画，说明当时人们想记录一下平日的瞬间生活，这个时候写实主义达到了可以接受科技photograph的时候，科技才能促进社会进步。
讲座：自然科学海洋的水为什么流动的，生物学解释，先说有湿水也有热水形成对流然后举了新观点说是鱼群游动时候推的，女生问是不是鲸鱼推的多，它们的尾巴一摆就直接mix了，教授说小鱼群数目多，他们游动时候水流也很快。
教授举了jellyfish ，说实验给它染色，每一次游动它都会把原来有颜色的水带走一部分，然后还说了水母只在晚上活动，白天在海洋里休息。
因为怕捕食者。
它们的活动还会给海面上带来很多浮游植物，它们产生的CO2让大气变暖同时给海洋保溫。
1995年考研英语真题及解析
1995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section ⅠUse of EnglishSleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 1 kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is 2 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more 3 . The new experiments, such as these 4 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 5 of non-REM sleep.For example, it has long been known that total sleep 6 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 7 _examinations of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.A researcher has now8 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 9 bacterial infections of the blood, 10 their immune systems—the self-protecting mechanisrn against disease —had crashed.1. [A] Either [B] Neither [C] Each [D] Any2. [A] intended [B] required [C] assumed [D] inferred3. [A] subtle [B] obvious [C] mysterious [D] doubtful4. [A] maintained [B] described [C] settled [D] afforded5. [A] in the light [B] by virtue [C] with the exception [D] for the purpose6. [A] reduction [B] destruction [C] deprivation [D] restriction7. [A] upon [B] by [C] through [D] with8. [A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D] cast light on9. [A] develop [B] produce [C] stimulate [D] induce10. [A] if [B] as if [C] only if [D] if only一、文章结构总体分析睡眠分为浅睡阶段和较长时间的深睡阶段。
12月10日托福听力答案解析
12月10日托福听力答案解析C1: 校园对话学生找老师讨论一个poem reading的活动，因为原来准备参加的W教授有事不能来了，会有另一个PG教授来做演讲，然后介绍了这个人的诗歌风格有关孤独，能够引起大家的共鸣。
随后说到为了给社团poem club筹钱，学生想要卖postcards 赚钱，上面会写一些特别的诗且每一张都不相同。
学生想要老师给一块场地来出售postcards。
老师同意这个想法，并且需要学生填写表格。
名师解析：关于校园活动的话题是托福听力必考内容之一，考生在备考时应注意分场景把常见的话题梳理一遍，如本次考试涉及的社团话题，应重点听清楚社团想做的活动内容和目的为何。
同时提到较为学术的内容时，需要更加细致的记笔记，如本文中提到另一位教授的诗歌风格需要认真记录。
最后提醒各位考生，对话部分的主旨题偶尔会出现在文章的靠后位置，关注学生是否提到信号词“我来是为了…”不要盲目的选择开头内容。
相关练习：TPO2-C2，TPO23-C1，TPO30-C1L1: 艺术讲座主要介绍了如何保存油画，光对于画作会产生伤害。
首先介绍了紫外线(ultraviolet)因为波长短所以能量大，会破坏颜料里的有机物，就像太阳晒伤皮肤一样，所以可以采取过滤这种光线的装置来保护油画。
然后介绍了红外线(infrared)会产生热量，导致周围环境温度变高，颜料和木头画框开裂从而造成破坏。
但是我们必须要有光来欣赏作品，所以伤害无法避免。
后续又说到如果没有光线照射的话，油画会有yellowish ,smoky的appearance,且一面有光线照射和一面没有光线照射的油画，光的破坏作用在两面的对比很明显。
名师解析：作为讲座中必然会出现的艺术类话题，本次考试的主题——艺术品保存在TPO 中并不常见。
但是本篇讲座的结构性非常清晰，考生在做笔记时需要按照两种不同波长的光线进行分段，并且对于场景词汇“红外线”(infrared)和“紫外线”(ultraviolet)必须熟练做到听音辨意。
95年10月托福听力原文带翻译
95年10月托福听力文字1.W: How is your paper coming along?M: My typewriter is broken.Q: What does the man mean?2.W: Have you tried Susan's apple-pie?M: I got the last piece. And it was out of this world.Q: What does the woman mean?3.W: If you're staying late, will you be sure to lock up the office when you leave?M: Oh. I hope I won't be more than an hour.Q: What does the man mean?4.W: Nancy really wants to ski on Thursday.M: Yes, but she can't. Can she?Q: What does the man say about Nancy?5.M: Let me help you with those packages.W: Thanks. But it is only 3 quarters of a block.Q: What does the woman tell the man?6.M: Did you know that Arthur has three brothers living on three different continents?W: He must get in an incredible phone bill every month.Q: What does the woman imply about Arthur?7.M: This calculator isn't working right.W: I think you've got the battery in upside down.Q: What does the woman mean?8.W: We should buy a good guide book and study it before our trip to Montreal.M: We could. But they're so overpriced. What about the library?Q: What does the man imply?9.W: I always want a little something to eat about this time of day.M: So do I. Let's have a snack now and then have a light lunch later.Q: What are the speakers discussing?10.M: I've just been over to my friend Tom's new apartment.It's much bigger than my place.W: But more expensive I bet.Q: What does the woman mean?11.W: Could you mail these letters for me please?M: More letters? Your friends are going to be very happy to hear from you.Q: What does the man imply about the woman?12.W: Does Prof. Ford always come to class?M: Is ice cold?Q: What does the man imply about Prof Ford?13.W: Would you have some time this week to go over these questions with me?M: How does tomorrow sound?Q: What does the man mean?14.M: Hey? John! John!W: Save your breath. He's out of earshot.Q: What does the woman mean?15.W: You only have water to serve your guests?M: This isn't just water. This is imported mineral water.Q: What does the woman imply?16.W: I see a new bookstore has just opened on Main street.M: It may be a new store. But the books are far from new.Q: What does the man mean?17.W: Alice has been spending a lot of time at the library lately.M: Well. She's got a paper do and two final exams next week.Q: What has Alice probably been doing?18.W: It's going to cost a fortune to get my car fixed.M: Why don't you just trade it in for a new one?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?19.M: Winter is over at last. Time to pack up my gloves and boots.W: I've been waiting for this for months.Q: What does the woman mean?20.W: How did the game go the other night? Did your team win?M: Are you kidding? That would be a first.Q: What does the man imply?21.W: Danas told us he likes to play cards.M: But we've invited him three times and he hasn't come once.Q: What can be inferred about Danas?22.W: I invited my class home for coffee.M: In this tiny place?Q: What does the man imply?23.M: Excuse me; I don't understand why fight 213 has been delayed. The weather seems fine now.W: I'm afraid New York got three times as much snow as we did here. It should be clear by morning though.Q: What does the woman imply?24.M: Take a look at this gift catalog. Maybe we can find something to get Janet for her new house.W: OK. But remember we can't afford a lot.Q: What does the woman mean?25.M: Are you still waiting for Bob?W: I don't know why I bother. The store will be closed by the time we get there.Q: What does the woman mean?26.M: Would you like to come with us for coffee a little later?W: I'm off caffeine, medical restriction.Q: What does the woman mean?27.W: Mary seems surprised that she got a research grant.M: Well, she shouldn’t have been. Everybody knows that she's brilliant.Q: What does the man mean?28.M: Mind if I leave my umbrella here in the hallway?W: Not at all. But first shake it off outside, would you?Q: What does the woman tell the man?29.W: According to this article, the former boxing champion is going to try again. He's coming out of theretirement for the third time.M: Is a comeback at his age at all likely?Q: What does the man imply about the former box champion?30.W: Don't you think Prof. Morrison's test was too difficult?M: Well, I must admit I had been expecting more than just passing grade in biology.Q: What does the man mean?生词表1.typewriter ['taip,raitə] n. 打字机2.block [blɔk] n. 一批；大宗，大量3.incredible [in'kredəbl] adj. 难以置信的，惊人的4.snack [snæk] n. 小吃，快餐5.earshot ['iəʃɔt] n. 听力所及之范围6.catalog ['kætəlɔɡ] n. 目录7.caffeine ['kæfi:n] n. 咖啡因8.restriction [ri'strikʃən] n. 限制9.retirement [ri'taiəmənt] n. 退役PART B31-34have you made any plans to go away during semester break? I've been thinking of skiing.I really haven't had time to think about my vacation. I've been concentrating on getting ready for my exams, especially Philosophy. But I'll probably go to the beach.Why the beach?Well. It would be nice to get away from this cold weather and just lie in the sun and relax after working so hard. It's true that skiing does require work. And you have to get up early and wait in long lines for the chair leaves. Thanks. I think you help me make up my mind.Sure. Now maybe you can use your mind to think about something else, like your studies.你在学期休息期间做出任何计划了吗?我一直在想着滑雪。
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95 年12 月托福听力文字Part A1. A: It’s a beautiful day today. Want to go roller-skating（轮滑）?B: Any other time will be great. But today I’m working on a paper.What does the woman mean?1.(A) She doesn’t like roller skating.(B) She writing a story about roller skating.(C) She’s too busy to go roller skating.(D) The man shouldn’t be going roller skating.2. A: I thought you said you are going to call me last week about that car I’m selling.B: Oh, I’m so sorry. It completely slipped my mind.What does the man mean?2.(A) He already bought a car.(B) He didn’t mean to bother the woman.(C) He didn’t say he would call the woman.(D) He forgot to call the woman.3. A: Before we go to the movie theater, I have to stop at the bank and get some money.B: Don’t worry about that. This is my treat（请客）.What does the woman mean?3.(A) Admission to the movie is free.(B) She’ll lend the man some money.(C) She’ll b uy the tickets for the movie.(D) She paid for the movie the last time.4. A: How did you like the concert? I found it really moving（动人的，感动的）. B: I love classical music. But that conductor seemed a bit inexperienced. What does the man mean?(A) He was surprised the woman didn’t like the concert.(B) He enjoyed the concert more that the woman did.(C) He was not impressed by the conducting.(D) He didn’t like the choice of music.5. A: I can’t find Elm Drive anywhere（在任何地方）on this map. I don’t think there is any such street.B: It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions. What can be inferred from the conversation?(A) The man and woman live on Elm Street.(B) The directions the woman got were wrong.(C) The man and woman are unfamiliar with the area.(D) The woman already called for directions.6. A: You seem cheerful（高兴的）today.B: It’s nice to see the su n for a change.What does the woman mean?(A) She’s usually in a good mood.(B) She doesn’t feel as cheerful as she looks.(C) She enjoyed her son’s visit.(D) She’s happy because of the weather.7. A: I can’t believe that Prof. Lawrence is going to retir e.B: He’s still going to lead a graduate seminar on each semester thought. What does the man mean?(A) He’ll miss Professor Lawrence.(B) He’s surprised to hear the woman’s news.(C) Professor Lawrence will continue to work part-time.(D) Professor Lawrence has found a new job.8. A: We’re having all kinds of troubles finding a new apartment for next year. What about you?B: My roommate and I decided that this year we’d stay put.（留在原地）What does the man mean?(A) He’s not pla nning to move.(B) He has found a new apartment.(C) He’s looking for a new roommate.(D) He’s also having trouble with his apartment.9. A: I fixed the window, painted（上漆）the bookcase and repaired the desk and chair.B: Been busy, haven’t you?What does the woman imply about the man?(A) He should do more.(B) She’d be glad to help him.(C) He should be paid.(D) He’s done a lot.10. A: Want to go to the library now, Betty?B: How about an hour or so（左右）?What does Betty mean?(A) She’d rathe r go later.(B) She’d rath er sew for an hour.(C) The library is only open an hour more.(D) The library closed an hour ago.11. A: Excuse me. Your menu has so many salads. Could you recommend something?B: I think you will find that the chef salad is particularly good. The dressing （调料，连衣裙）is made with fresh apples.What will the man probably do next?(A) Sit down to eat.(B) Take the woman’s order.(C) Look for some apples.(D) Remove the woman’s unfinished salad.12. A: If this weather keeps up（继续下去）, I’m going to have to bu y a warmer coat.B: Sounds like a good idea. Spring is still a long way off（离开）, you know. What does the man mean?(A) The woman should wait to buy new clothes.(B) The cold weather will probably continue.(C) The weather will warm up soon.(D) He already has a warm coat.13. A: I’m so frustrated（沮丧）. We’re supposed to do our assignments for statistics（统计）on the computer. But the ones on the student center are always tied up.（忙的不可开交的）B: I know what you mean. I’m looking forward to the day when I can affo rd to get my own.（省略了computer）What does the woman mean?(A) She’s happy that the student center is getting more computers.(B) She’ll let the man use her computer.(C) She hopes to take a statistics course soon.(D) She’d like to buy a computer.14. A: Ted, would you be interested in serving（服务）on the membership （会员）committee this year?B: Uhm, can I get back to you on that（回去给你答复吗）?What will the man probably do?(A) Reschedule the meeting.(B) Cancel his membership.(C) Take some time to decide.(D) Talk to the committee.15. A: Larry got a very high mark（分数）on this lab report.B: How he managed that is a mystery to me.What does the man imply?(A) Larry usually gets good grades.(B) He helped Larry write the report.(C) He’s surprised at Larry’s grad e.(D) It’s strange that Larry and Mark are lab partners.16. A: I heard you went to Colorado skiing over winter break.B: It was the most fun I’ve had in years.What does the woman mean?(A) She didn’t go skiing last year.(B) She’s just learning to ski.(C) She doesn’t travel very often.(D) She enjoyed her vacation very much.17. A: I really thought I’d win the match.B: Oh, well, better luck next time, Harry.What can be inferred from the conversation?(A) The man was excited about winning.(B) The man is very lucky.(C) The man is feeling better now.(D) The man felt bad about losing.18. A: I’m going to the store. Need anything?B: Well, I am low（不足的）on laundry（洗衣店）detergent（洗涤剂，清洁剂）.What does the man imply?(A) He doesn’t have tim e to do his laundry.(B) He’d like the woman to buy some detergent.(C) He’s going to the store.(D) He’s going to buy some detergent.19. A: Have you heard? There is going to be a history exam next Friday.B: Just what I need. Another test to study for.What does the man imply?(A) He enjoys the history class.(B) He has plenty of time to study.(C) He wants to take another history class.(D) He has too many tests.20. A: Sam’s voice sounds awful（可怕的，极大的，不舒服的）I could barely hear him.B: Yes, he’s got a terrible sore（a 疼痛的，恼火的n 痛处，溃疡，疮）throat. The doctor said he shouldn’t even attempt to whisper（低声唱,低语）.What does the woman imply about Sam?(A) It’s harmful for him to use his voice.(B) He needs to see a doctor.(C) He hasn’t been taking his medicine.(D) It’s difficult to understand him when he whispers.21. A: If I’m not mistaken, your birthday is coming up. Has your brother sent you anything?B: Not yet. He never forgets though.What does the man imply?(A)The woman is wrong about when his birthday is.(B) He expects to hear from his brother.(C) He bought a present for the woman’s birthday.(D) His brother is coming to visit him.22 A:B: Why worry. We have a vacation coming up soon and you’ll have a lot of time.What does the man mean?(A) They’re going to France for a vacation.(B) The woman d oesn’t need to study now.(C) He’s concerned about the woman’s studies.(D) The woman isn’t worrying about her vacation.23. A: Everyone’s raving（vi.说胡话；极力赞美a.赞扬(性)的，胡说的n 胡说）about the new film at the center theater.B: Yeah, I hear it’s qu iet something.What is the attitude of the speakers toward the film?(A) They’re indifferent to its reviews.(B) They’re convince d that it will be good.(C) They’re puzzled by the criticism of it.(D) They’re glad they saw it together.24. A: I feel so energetic（精力充沛的）since I started that aerobics（有氧运动）class.B: Yeah, I am jealous（羡慕的，嫉妒的）. I’ve got to get into（对…发生兴趣）shape（形状，形态）.What does the man mean?(A) He feels energetic too.(B) He jogs because he doesn’t like aerobics.(C) He just joined a health club to lose weight.(D) He realizes he needs more exercise.25. A: It’s raining again.B: This makes it four days in a row（接连不断的）. Do you think it’ll ever stop? What does the woman mean?(A) She wishes the rain would stop soon.(B) She doesn’t care about the weather.(C) She’ll go out after the rain stops.(D) She expects it to rain for four more days.26. A: I heard Dan twisted（扭）his ankle（踝骨）during basketball practice yesterday.B: I guess that explains why I saw him at the clinic.What can be inferred about Dan?(A) He had a doctor examine his injuries.(B) He was supposed to meet the woman yesterday.(C) He’ll have to explain why he missed practi ce.(D) He asked the woman to take him to the clinic.27. A: You seem on edge（紧张不安，烦躁）this morning.B: I have to give a presentation in class this afternoon.What does the man imply?(A) Public speaking makes him nervous.(B) His final examination is this afternoon.(C) He enjoys classroom presentations.(D) He’s going to miss his afternoon classes.28. A: It says here the next train is due（预定的）in at 6:30.B: I know, but I don’t know whether I can make（赶上）that one. I’d rather call you from the station than have you waiting around for an hour.What does the woman imply?(A) She wants the man to be at the station when she arrives.(B) She i sn’t sure which train she’ll be on.(C) The train will be an hour late.(D) She’ll leave home at 6:30.29. A: I don’t know why we haven’t heard anything from Jane about Sunday. B: We’ve been in and out（进进出出）all week. Maybe we should try calling her.What does the man imply about Jane?(A) She has probably had a lot of free time this week.(B) She’s probably not planning to come on Sunday.(C) She’s probably not at home.(D) She has probably tried to call.30. A: What a gorgeous（华丽的）jacket! It must’ve cost a fortune（大笔的钱）.B: Not at all（根本不）. It’s a hand-me-down（用旧的，别人给我的）.What does the man say about the jacket?(A) He bought it at a well-known store.(B) It was very expensive.(C) He doesn’t con sider it attractive.(D) Someone gave it to him.Part BQuestions 31-34 Listen to a conversation between two students.Hey, Sue. I was wondering if you could fill me in on Monday’s class? I had to go the dentist for emergency and I missed Prof. Smith’s le cture. What was it on（演讲是关于什么方面的）?It was pretty interesting. She talked about volcanoes, active volcanoes, under the-uh-West Antarctic ice sheet（冰盾）.There are active volcanoes under the ice?Apparently（显然地）so. She said they help protect the ice sheet and prevent melting.Flooding will be pretty bad if that ice melted, not only there, but all over theworld.You lost me there. Volcanoes are hot. How can something hot prevent ice from melting.Wait a minute, let me check my notes. Yeah, here it is. Volcanic heat melts just enough ice to create a slippery surface on the bottom of the glacier（冰川）. This water allows ice to follow out into the ocean. So the solid interior ice is protected from the ocean’s warm.Does that make sense（有意义）?Sort of.（有点）You mean that because the ice is flowing out to the ocean, the warmer ocean water can’t flow in.Exactly. And the ice that melts is constantly（不断地，经常地）being replaced by snow. Prof. Smith said that if the ice sheet ever broke up（断裂）and melted, the sea level would go up seven meters. Then we would have those floods（洪水）.Is that really possible? Or is it one of those exaggerations（夸张）you hear all the time.As far as（就…，到什么程度）I can understand, it is possible, because of global warming. I mean if the ocean got a lot warmer that interior ice would be very likely to melt.Thanks for telling me about the lecture. Sounds like I’ve missed a pretty important class.31. Why did the man ask the woman about the lecture?(A) His lecture notes weren’t very good.(B) He didn’t understand the lecture.(C) He couldn’t atte nd the lecture.(D) His research was on the same topic as the lecture.32. What was the topic of the professor’s lecture?(A) Survival strategies for extreme Antarctic cold.(B) Why inactive volcanoes become active.(C) The principal causes of global warming.(D) The effects of volcanoes on the Antarctic ice sheet.33. What information confused（使…困惑，混淆）the man?(A) That a snow cover can cause ice to melt.(B) How heat can prevent ice from melting.(C) How water flows into the ocean.(D) Why volcanoes have a slippery surface.34. According to the woman, what protects the interior ice from the warmth of the ocean?(A) Melting ice.(B) Snowfall(C) Glaciers which serve as barriers.(D) Variations in temperature in Antarctica.Questions 35-38 Listen to a radio interview about cycling.（骑自行车运动）And now here is ou r guest Jane Thomas to tell us about Montreal’s famous yearly island bicycle tour which is coming up in June. Good morning, Jane. What’s the bike tour all about?Well, Peter, it’s an event that’s opened to anybody who’d like to ride a bicycle through the streets of Montreal. The tour covers a standard distance of 65 kilometers. But the route’s quite different every year. So even people who’ve already done it might enjoy doing it again.How long does it take to go the whole distance?It varies. Cyclists are free to go as fast or as slow and do as much or as little of the course as they like.Well, what’s the typical pace（节奏）for a participant（参与者）?Between 12 and 30 kilometers per hour. Some cyclists stop along the way and don’t cross the finish line until early evening. But the whole point is that there is no rush（冲刺）.It’s not a race.I understand last year’s tour had 45,000 cyclists and it was the largest mass （群众）cycling event in the world. How many do you expect this year?The same as last year. And since we regularly（经常地）have so many participants, can I take this opportunity to remind our listeners to sign up early? We filled up（填补）quickly last year and we had to refused lots of applications（申请）.Before we close, any other tips for all prospective（可能的，预期的）cyclists? Yes, take water with you. It is available at the relay（n接力）station. But it helps to have an additional supply. And pack（n 背包v 背）a good lunch with plenty of fruit for energy. Candy and chocolate don’t do the trick（诀窍）.35. What is the main subject of the conversation?(A) How to increase one’s speed in a bicycle race.(B) Major Canadian bicycle races.(C) The contribution of cycling to health.(D) An annual cycling event.36. According to the woman, what is different every year?(A) The length of the course.(B) The route the cyclists take.(C) The number of participants.(D) The month in which the tour is held.37. What does the woman imply about the participants?(A) They are not competing with each other.(B) They have to pay a high fee.(C) They tend to be beginning cyclists.(D) Most of them fail to finish the route.38. What does the woman mention is provided at the relay station?(A) Chocolates.(B) Water(C) First aid.(D) Bicycle repair services.Part CQuestions 39-42 Listen to talk given by a history professor.I’m sure almost everyone of you looked at your watch or at a clock beforeyou came to class today. Watches and clocks seem as much part of our life as breathing or eating. Any yet, do you know that watches and clocks were scarce（稀有的，罕见的）in the United States until the late 1850s. In the late 1700s people didn’t know the exact time unless they were near a clock. Those delightful（讨人喜欢的）clocks in the squares（广场）of European towns were built for the public.After all, most citizens simply couldn’t afford a personal timepiece（时钟）. Well, until the 1800s, in Europe and the United States, the main purpose of a watch, which by the way was off and on a gold chain（金链子）, was to show others how wealthy（富有的）you were. The word “wrist watch”didn’t even enter the English language until nearly 1900. By then, the rapid pace of industrialization in the United States meant that measuring time had become essential.（必需的，必不可少的）How could the factory worker get to work on time, unless he or she knew exactly what time it was. Since efficiency was now measured by how fast the job was done, everyone was interested in time. And since industrialization made possible the manufacture of large quantities of goods, watches became fairly（adv 相当）inexpensive. Furthermore（而且，此外）, electric lights kept factories going around the clock. Being “on time” had entered the language and life of every citizen.39. What does the professor mainly discuss?(A) Reasons for increased productivity.(B) How wristwatches are manufactured.(C) The industrialization of the United States.(D) The development of individual timepieces.40. What was true of watches before the 1850s?(A) They were common in the United States, but not in Europe.(B) Only a few people had them.(C) People considered them essential.(D) They were not very accurate.41. According to the speaker, why did some people wear watches in the1800s?(A) They were a sign of wealth.(B) It was important to be on time.(C) It was fashionable to wear them.(D) They were inexpensive.42. What effect did industrialization have on watch making?(A) Watches were of higher quality than ever before.(B) More clocks were manufactured than watches.(C) The availability of watches increased.(D) Watches became less important because factories had clocks.Questions 43-46 Listen to a guide in an aquarium.This room is devoted to（专心于，专注于）electric fish. The eel （鳗鱼）in the tank behind me can produce a strong jolt（颠簸，震动）of electricity to stun （使震惊）its prey（n被掠食者，受害者）. But most of the fish in here produce only weak electrical impulses（脉冲）that are useful for navigating, locating food and even for communicating.The knife fish is a good example. This fish navigates using tiny receptors（接收器）in the skin that are sensitive（敏感的）to electrical impulses. The knife fish produces an electrical signal and the receptors in its skin let it know when the signal is distorted（变形）by（通过）a tree root or other obstacle, so it can go around（绕过走）it.Fish also use the ability to produce and detective（探知，发现）electrical impulses to communicate.They can tell each other what species they belong to, how big they are and whether they are male or female. We had a tank here that’s specially equipped（配备）to convert the inaudible（听不见的）signals that fish produce into sounds you can hear when you put on（带上）these headphones. I urge（敦促，劝）you all to listen in when I’m done speaking. Now have a look at the electric rays（电子射线）. Rays are specially interesting to medical researchers because of the organs they use toproduce electricity. These organs contain a chemical that carries signals from one nerve ending（神经末梢）to the next, not only in rays but also in people. By studying these organs, scientists hope to learn more about diseases that interrupt（中断）the transmission of impulses from one nerve to another.43. What is the talk main about?(A) The difficulty of breeding electric fish.(B) The medical importance of electric fish.(C) How certain fish use electricity.(D) How fish navigate.44. What does the knife fish use electricity for?(A) To destroy tree roots.(B) To digest its food.(C) To protect its territory.(D) To find its way.45. Why does the speaker suggest putting on headphones?(A) To hear a translation of her talk.(B) To hear signals produced by electric fish.(C) To hear sounds used to train electric fish.(D) To hear a tape about electric fish.46. According to the speaker, what medical benefits might result from studying electrical rays?(A) Improved understanding of diseases of the nervous system.(B) Improved understanding of a type of malnutrition.(C) Improved understanding of some types of bone disease.(D) improved understanding of disease of the internal organs.Questions 47-50 Listen to a lecture given in a dance history class.So why did what is now called “modern dance” begin in the United States? To begin to answer this question I’ll need to back track a little bit and talk about classical ballet.By the late 1800s, ballet had lost a lot of its popularity（流行，名望）. Most of the ballet dancers who performed in the United States were brought overfrom Europe. They performed using the rigid（死板的）techniques that had been passed down through the centuries. Audiences and dancers in the United States were eager（渴望的）for their own contemporary（同时代的）dance form. And so around 1900, dancers created one. So how was this modern dance so different from classical ballet?Almost notably（显著地）,it wasn’t carefully choreographed（精心编舞）. Instead（相反）, the dance depended on the improvisation （即席创作）and free personal expression of the dancers. Music and scenery（舞台布景）were of little importance to the modern dance. And lightness（照明度）of movement wasn’t important either. In fact, modern dancers make no attempt at all to conceal （掩盖）the effort involved in the dance step.But even if improvisation appealed to（对…有吸引力）audiences, many dance critics（评论家，批评家）were lest enthusiastic（极热情的）about the performances. They questioned（怀疑）the artistic integrity of dancers who were not professionally trained and the artistic value of works that had no formal structure. Loi Fore, after performing fire dance, was described as doing little more than turning round and round（越来越圆）like an eggbeater （打蛋器，直升机）. Yet the free personal expression of the pioneer dancers is the basis of the controlled freedom of modern dance today.47. What does the speaker mainly discuss?(A) The origins and characteristics of modern dance.(B) The influence of modern dance on ballet.(C) Pioneer modern dancers.(D) The training of modern dance choreographers.48. Why were ballet performances unpopular in the United Stated in the early 1900s?(A) They were created in Europe.(B) They were conventional.(C) The theaters were crowded.(D) The tickets were overpriced.49. What is the distinguishing feature of modern dance performances?(A) Lightness of movement.(B) Elaborate scenery.(C) Free expression.(D) Rigid choreography.50. Why were early modern dancers criticized（批评）by dance critics?(A) They performed mainly in Europe.(B) They imitated the techniques of ballet.(C) They performed to classical music.(D) They weren’t formally trained.。