2000年1月托福听力文字答案

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历年托福听力考试2000_05

Part A1 W: I'm not swimming in the lake unless it warms up outside today. M: Me neither. Unfortunately I think it's supposed to stay as cold all day.Q: What can be inferred about the speakers?2 M: that sweater is so unusual, and yet it looks familiar. Did I just see you wearing it yesterday?W: Well, not me. but...see, it belongs to my roommate Jill, and she is in your chemistry class.Q: What does the woman imply?3 W: This toothache is killing me! i was hoping it would just go away but it's getting worse by the minute. what did you say the name of your dentise was?M: I told you last week to make that appointment.Q: what does the man imply?4 M: you wanna go to a lecture tonight over int he science auditorium? it's some guy who spent a year living in antarctica.W: no kidding! i'm doing a report on Antarctica for my geography class. maybe i can get some good information to add to it.Q: what does the woman mean?5 W: i'd really like to learn how to play chess, but it looks so complicated. it seems like it will take a really long time to learn.M: well, it takes a long time to get good at it. but we can go over the basics the afternoon if you want.Q: what does the man imply?6 M: Do you think u can lend me that novel when you are finished with it? I've been looking all over for a copy, but apparently it sold out at all the bookstores.W: oh, it's not mine. it belongs to Alive. but i'll see what she says. Q: what will the woman problaly do?7 W: umm...are you going to try some of this chocolate pudding? it's incredible.M: well, to be honest with you, i've never been a big fan of chocolate. Q: what does the man imply?8 W: why don't we go catch the new Italian film at the Pin Street cinema? M: that's a little out of the way, don't u think? it's playing just up the street of the Grow of Two, you know.Q: what does the man suggest they do?9 W: hi, i know Doctor Wilson's out of town at a conference, but i was wondering...um...since she won't be back till next week, if u...if u could check in your computer records "n"(and) find out how i did on her mid-term exam?M: i'm sorry ,miss. but i'm not authorized to give out that kind of information.Q: what does the man mean?10 M: you wouldn't believe the line at the auto inspection center.i waited more than two hours to get through it.W: that's what u get for waiting until the last day of the month.Q: what does the woman imply?11 W: you know, i'll be conducting my psychololgy experiment this Sat. and i'm going to have my hands full. so i was sondering if you could help me. maybe you could register the subjects and ask 'em(them) a few questions as they come in.M: i've got some work of my own to do. but i guess i can make sometime. just let me know what i'm supposed to do.Q: what does the man mean?12 W: did you ever get around to cashing that refund check from the bookstore?M: oh, gosh! you konw what, i must've misplaced that in my desk somewhere. but thanks for reminding me.my funds are running low, so i'd better idn it soon.Q: what will the man probably do?13 W: it sounds like Kare isn't happy at all with her new roommate. did she say why?M: believe me, i tried to find out. but i simply couldn't pin her down. Q: what does the man mean?14 W: oh, Professor Jackson, I was wondering...but uh...well, if uh...ifI had a chance yet to uh...look at my thesis proposal?M: well, i know you gave it to me over a week ago,but to be honest,i have been swamped with other things.Q: what does the professor imply?15 W: that's a shame about your car.talk about bad timing!M: yeah.and just a few months ago i put 400 dollars into it and i hoped itwould make it through another year.Q: what can be inferred about the man's car?16 M: this stew is delicious. i'd love to be able to make it myself W: why not? you can get all the ingredients at any supermarket. here,let me get a pencil and paper.Q: what will te woman probably do next?17 W: so how was the dramma club's new production last night? did i miss out on anything good?M: hardly,i kept looking at my watch the whole time.Q: what does the man mean?18 W: i feel you haven't gotten that program to run on your computer yet.want me go over the instruction manual with you?M: that would be great. you need a Ph.D. to understand it.Q: What can be inferred about the man?19 W: how do i get one of those green buckets everyone here puts out ofthe curb of paper recycling?M: oh,just call up the sanitation department,the'll deliver a bucket at no charge.Q: what does the man suggest the woman do?20 M: there's nothing i like better to get me started in the morning thana big breakfast,eggs, bacon, homefried potatoes...W: not me! all that fatty food will give me a stomachache. i prefer something light, like fruit or a yogurt.Q: what does the woman mean?21 W: what's the problem, paul? you really look panicked.M: i am speaking to a group of high school students about engineering this afternoon. but i have no idea how i am going to simplify some of the soncepts for them.Q: what can be infeered about the man?22 W: well, i am never doing this again! seven courses in one semester isjust too much.i don't have a minute to myself!M: well i hate to say this, but ...i told you so.Q: what does the man mean?23 W: do you think we can use your pickup truck to take the telescopesout to the field again this weekend?M: to be honest, i've got a lot of dents in my truck from the last field trip. maybe someone else can help out this time.Q: what does the man imply?24 M: d you think Dr. Luby will lead a theater trip to Broadway in New York City again this year?W: i don't think so. i know so! and i've already signed up for it. Q: what does the woman mean?25 W: tomorrow we are having our first test in my history class. i' mreally worried about it. you've taken one of Dr. Parker's tests, haven't u? I hear they're impossible to pass.M: i don't know who you've been talking to. My experience was just the opposite.Q: what does the man imply?26 M: i haven't turned on my air-conditioner at all this summer.W: that's surprising, considering how hot it's been lately.Q: what does the woman find surprising?27 W: hey, congratulations on winning the essay contest.thatthousand-dollar prize money should really come in handy.M: you bet! i've already put it aside to cover the increase my landlord just announced for next year.Q: what does the man mean?28 W: you know,we never went over chapter 16 in class. what do you think the odds are that Dr. Bomb will include it ont he test?M: he's been long to do things like that. so i wouldn't put it past himQ: what does the man say about Dr.Bomb?29 W: i heard that only 20% of summer jobs in this part os the country are advertised. the other 80% are filled some other way.M: relaly? then maybe i need to change my jobsearch techniques.Q: what can be inferred about the man?30 M: i don't remember theassignmentoff hand,but i've got it written downat home.how about if i call u tonight?W: if u call before nine,just leave a message with my roommate.Q: why will the man call the woman?Listen to a voncersation between two stduents in the lounge of a college dormitory.W: Hi, Kaven.Your roommate told me that I could find you in the TV lounge. what are you doing here?M: what does it look like i am doing?W: well, it looks like u are watching television. but we have a linear algebra mid-term tomorrow, so i thought you'd be studying for it and maybe i can study with you.M: oh,well,i was just taking a break.this linear algebra stuff gives me aheadache if i work on it too long.W: i know what you mean. i've been working on it for three hours through it already. i'm beginning to go corss.i'd been theorying at the sample problems. i just don't get some of them.M: but i can't believe you are coming to me.i mean you do konw what i got on the last test,don't u?W: yeah,i know.you told me.i just thought two heads might be better one. M: yeah,that's nice idea.but...you know,i wish i knew that person in our class who got a hundred on the last test.she didn't miss a question. umm...was it Elizabeth?W: oh yeah, Elizabeth! she is a friend of mine. she'd be a big help right now. why don't i give her a call?M: what! at this hour? it's already ten thirty. i don't wanna impose on her.W: yeah, i guess you are right. but you know what, she owes me a big favor. let's at least give her a call and see what she syas. maybe going over some of the problems with us wouls help her review the material.M: it's worth a try.31 what are the speakers mainly discussing?32 why is the man watching television?33 why is the man surprised that the woman wants to study linear algebra with him?34 why doesn't the man want to call Elizabeth?Questions 35 through 39:Listen to two students talking about their engineering class.W: hello?M: hi, may, this is bill johns.W: oh hi, bill. you weren't in engineering class today, were you?M: i have the full. i was sonderfing if you could tell me what went on. W: actually we had an interesting class. Dr.Collin talked about a new type of fuel.M: oh, yeah?W: uh-hum. it's called dimethyl-ether or DME.M: oh, i remember reading something about DME.it's mostly used in spray cans, right?W: right. DME doesn't destory the ozone, so it's been environmentally friendsly.M: but doesn't DME pullute the air if it's burned in an engine?W: Dr. Collin says something about its exhausts being clear,that it doesn't release as much pullutants as diesel fuel. and he mentioned something about DME being more efficient than other alternative fuels. M: when will it replace diesel fuel?W: not for a while.it's not economical to massproduce.M: well, thanks for the information.i guess i won't need to borrow your notes.W: well,maybe you should look at them. we are having a test next week. M: okay, could u give them to Mike Andrews? I think he is in your psychology class. he is my roommate.W: sure. i hope you're feeling better soon.M: thanks. me too. bye!W: bye!35 what is the converstation mainly about?36 why is the woman giving the man the information?37 what effect will the increased use of DME instead of diesel fuel probably have?38 according to the conversation, why won't DME be on the market soon?39 why does the woman suggest the man look at her notes?Questions 40 through 43:Okay. Uh...you remember that ive mention that it's important to read the assigned poems aloud,so you can develop and appreciation of the sounds of the poetry: the rhymes, the rhythm, the repetition of words or sounds, and to get a sense of the interplay between the sounds of the words and theirmeaning. this is really critical as we move into modern poetry, especially by writers who place so much importance on sounds that the meaning becomes all letter relevant. like this line by Gertrude Stein that I'd like to quote. listen, listen as i say the words. "rose is a rose is a rose is a rose." taken literally this would seems to be an empty statement, onewhich gives us no information. but the purpose of a poem need not be to inform the reader of anything, but rather to evoke feelings. to create a sensual as well as phonically pleasing experience. now Gertrude Stein was better known for her prose than for her poems. but i'd like to like to quote this line because of its musicality, and because i think it helps open up our awareness to the unconventionally ricism of contemporary poets. you'll see this in your homework tongiht as you read the poetry of John Ashbery, especially if you read it out loud, which i recommend you do. poets like ashbery don't rely so much on any formal rhyme scheme or meter as on the musical quality of the individual words themselves. as i said,Stein was better known for her non-poetical work. and now i'd like to touch briefly on her essay entitled "Converstaion and Explanation". this work deals with her theory of writing and will help to explain some of the things we've talking about.40 what does the professor mainly discuss?41 what does the professor say about Gertrude Stein as a writer?42 why does the professor recommend the students do as part of their homework?43 what does the professor recommend the students do as part of their homework?Questions 44 through 46Listen to a talk in a class about United States history.last week, you recall, we discussed the early development of railroads in the United States. today i want to mention an even earlier form of transportation , one that brought the first European settlers to America. and that's the wooden sailing ship. from colonial times sailing ships were vital to the economy. many coastal towns depended on fishing or whaling for employment and income. this was especially true in the northeastern states. and there the wood from nearby forests and the skills of local designers and workers also formed the basis of an important shipbuilding industry. but the big profits were to be made on trade with far away places. and since sea captains often became part owners of their ships, they had a strong interest in the commercial success of their voyages. so these Yankees, that's what US sailor and officers came to be called, they carried on a very profitable trade with other parts of the world. the high point of this trade came in the mid-19th century with the introduction of the clipper ship, the enormous Yankee clippers with huge sails reaching nearly two hundred feet into sky. he'd carry passengers and cargo from New York around South America to San Francisco in less than three months and clear to China in just half a year. at that time this seemed unbelievable fast and efficient. but in the 1860s, more reliable steam-poweredship began to take over. and soon the important role of sailing ships in the US economy would come to an end.44 what aspect of United States history does the professor mainly discuss?45 According to the professor, what may be one reason for the success of the merchant ships of the United States?46 what does the professor say about clipper ships?Questions 47 through 50:Listen to part of a talk in a class on early childhood education. The professor is discussing penmanship: the quality of one's handwriting. as you prepare to become elementary school teachers, you'll be hearing a lot of disscussion about the relevance of teaching permanship. now years ago when i was studying education in college, reading writing and arithmetic were the basics of elementary school education. it went without saying that writing meant first and foremost penmanship. that is, the neatness of a child's handwriting. back then, penmanship was often taught as a separate subject from the fist grade right up through the sixth grade long after the children had moved from writing in block capital letters to cursive script. it was considered so important that sometimes prizes were even awarded for the best handwriting. but when we move ahead a few decades into the 1980s,we see teachers and administrators and even parents telling us that teaching penmanship is waste of time. with computers, they said, children can successfully manipulate the keyboard or mouse of their home computers before they can even hold a pencil. this change in attitude had an impact on the classroom. in your homework for this week you'll be looking at what statewide curriculum standards in the US say about penmanship. you'll see that in many states penmanship has beende-emphasized in a required curriculum, especially in the later years of elementary school. In california, for example, the curriculum calls for fourth-grade students to...and i quote, "write fluently and legibly in cursive or grades. but after this, the curriculum makes no further mention of penmanship in grade five, six or beyond, Any higher level of quality or neatness is simply not among the curricular objectives. your assignment is to look at what the curricular standards say for all fifty states say about penmanship.47 what is the professor's main point about penmanship in early childhood education?48 why does the professor mention prizes?49 what will the students read about for homework?50 what does the professor quote from California's curriculum requirements?。

真题听力答案解析加2000,1-6

As if this was not bad enough, Paul now found he had no one to blame. He was so busy chasing his car that he didn't get the name of the driver of the sports car, who just came out of the supermarket and drove away without realizing what had happened.

7. W: Tom looks awfully nervous, doesn't he? M: Yes. I'm afraid he is not used to making speeches. 8. A few? It looks like you bought out the bookstore 9. W: I realize that now. I'll have to get my ticket changes. 10. M: Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon please? W: I'm sorry. He's with a patient.

It was at this point that Paul noticed his own car rolling slowly down the hill and going too fast for him to stop it. It crashed into a bus at the bottom of the hill and was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled away to a garage.

2000年1月大学英语四级听力真题+听力原文+答案

2000年1月大学英语四级听力真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The woman is a close friend of the man.B) The woman has been working too hard.C) The woman is seeing a doctor.D) The woman is tired of her work.2. A) This apple pie tastes very good.B) His mother likes the pie very much.C) This pie can’t match his mother’s.D) His mother can’t make ap ple pies.3. A) Take a walk.B) Give a performance.C) Listen to the music.2 / 7D) Dance to the music.4. A) Read an article on political science.B) Present a different theory to the class.C) Read more than one article.D) Choose a better article to read.5. A) The woman would understand if she did Mary’s job.B) The woman should do the typing for Mary.C) The woman should work as hard as Mary.D) The woman isn’t a skillful typist.6. A) He wants to make an appointment with Mr. Smith.B) He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him.C) He wants to change the time of the appointment.D) He wants the woman to meet him at three o’clock.7. A) He gets nervous very easily.B) He is an inexperienced speaker.C) He is an awful speaker.D) He hasn’t prepared his speech well.8. A) She didn’t like the books the man bought.B) There wasn’t a large selection at the bookstore.C) The man bought a lot of books.D) She wanted to see what the man bought.9. A) Buy a ticket for the tem o’clock flight.B) Ask the man to change the ticket for her.C) Go to the airport immediately.D) Switch to a different flight.10. A) Dr. Lemon is waiting for a patient.B) Dr. Lemon is busy at the moment.C) Dr. Lemon has lost his patience.D) Dr. Lemon has gone out to visit a patient.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,3 / 7you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) A car outside the supermarket.B) A car at the bottom of the hill.C) Paul’s car.D) The sports car.12. A) Inside the car.B) At the foot of the hill.C) In the garage.D) In the supermarket.13. A) The driver of the sports car.B) The two girls inside the car.C) The man standing nearby.D) The salesman from London.14. A) Nobody.B) The two girls.C) The bus driver.D) Paul.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) His friend gave him the wrong key.B) He didn’t know where the back door was.C) He couldn’t find the key to his mailbox.D) It was too dark to put the key in the lock.16. A) It was getting dark.B) He was afraid of being blamed by his friend.4 / 7C) The birds might have flown away.D) His friend would arrive any time.17. A) He looked silly with only one leg inside the window.B) H e knew the policeman wouldn’t believe him.C) The torch light made him look very foolish.D) He realized that he had made a mistake.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) The threat of poisonous desert animals and plants.B) The exhaustion of energy resources.C) The destruction of oil wells.D) The spread of the black powder from the fires.19. A) The underground oil resources have not been affected.B) Most of the desert animals and plants have managed to survive.C) The oil lakes soon dried up and stopped evaporating.D) The underground water resources have not been polluted.20. A) To restore the normal production of the oil wells.B) To estimate the losses caused by the fires.C) To remove the oil left in the desert.D) To use the oil left in the oil lakes.2000年1月大学英语四级听力原文1. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some changes? I have to make a call on the payphone.W: Payphone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.Q: What will the man most probably do?2. M: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure, but I guess it is an early 18 century work. Let me look it up in the catalog.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?5 / 73. M: I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.W: I will try to bring you up today on what we’ve done.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: Hey Dan. I hear you’re meeting Susan’s parents for the first time.M: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately, her father loves to fish, so we will have so many things to talk about.Q: What can be inferred about Dan?5. W: Professor White’s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stayawake.M: How could you sleep through it? It is one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic.Q: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentation?6. W: I am looking for quality paper to type my essay. I don’t see any on the shelf.M: I saw some in the stockroom this morning. I will go and check.Q: What does the woman want to buy?7. M: It seems that we’ll have another fine day tomorrow. Let’s go to the seaside.W: OK. But we’ll have to leave very early, or else we’ll get caught in the traffic.Q: What does the woman suggest?8. M: Do you know James? He is in your class.W: Certainly. In fact he was the first person I got to know in my class. I still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school.Q: Why did the woman remember James so well?9. W: The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car.M: So do I. I can’t see any scratches on the outside, and the inside is clean, too.Q: What does the man think of the woman’s car?10. M: Wonderful day, isn’t it? Want to join me for a swim?W: If you don’t mind waiting while I get prepared.Q: What does the woman mean?Passage OneA friend of mine told me that when he was a young man, he went to work as a teacher in one of the states of India. One day, he received an invitation to dinner at the ruler’s palace. Very pleased, he went to tell his colleagues. They laughed, and told him6 / 7the meaning of the invitation. They had all been invited, and each person who was invited had to bring with him a certain number of silver and gold coins. The number of coins varied according to the person’s position in the service of the government. My friend’s income was not high, so he did not have much to pay. Each person bowed before the ruler, his gold went onto one hip, his silver went onto another hip. And in this way he paid his income tax for the year. This was a simple way of collecting income tax. The tax on property was also collected simply. The ruler gave a man the power to collect a tax from each owner of land or property in a certain area, if this man promised to pay the ruler a certain amount of money. Of course, the tax collector managed to collect more money than he paid to the ruler. The difference between the sum of money he collected and the sum of money he gave to the ruler was his profit.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What do we know about the speaker’s friend?12. What was the real purpose of the ruler’s invitation?13. What does the passage say about the tax collectors?Passage TwoAround the year 1000.A.D, some people from northwest India began to travel westward. Nobody knows why. After leaving their homes, they did not settle down again, but spent their lives moving from one place to another, their later generations are called the Romany people, or Gypsies. There’re Gypsies all over the world, and many of them are still travelling with no fix homes. There are about 8,000,000 of them, including 3,000,000 in Eastern Europe. Gypsies sometimes have a hard time in the countries where they travel, because they are different, people may be afraid of them, look down on them, or think that they are criminals. The Nazies treated the Gypsies cruelly, like the Jews, and nobody knows how many of them died in Hitler’s deathcamps. Gyp sies have their own language Romany. They liked music and dancing. And they often work in fairs and travelling shows. Travelling is very important to them, and many Gypsies are unhappy if they have to stay in one place. Because of this, it is difficult for Gypsy children to go to school, and Gypsies are often unable to read and write. In some places, the education authorities tried to arrange special travelling schools for Gypsy children, so that they can get the same education as other children.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. Why did the ancestors of Gypsies leave their home?15. What is the attitude of some people toward Gypsies?16. What measure has been taken to help Gypsy children?7 / 7Passage ThreeAs the car industry develops, traffic accidents have become as familiar as the common code. Yet, their cause and control remain a serious problem that is difficult to solve. Experts have long recognized that this discouraging problem has multiple causes. At the very least, it is a problem that involves three factors: the driver, the vehicle, and the roadway. If all drivers exercise good judgments at all times, there would be few accidents. But that is rather like saying that if all people were honest, there would be no crime. Improved design has helped make highways much safer. But the type of accidents continued to rise because of human failure and an enormous increase in the numbers of automobiles on the road. Attention is now turning increasingly to the third factor of the accident, the car itself. Since people assume that the accidents are bound to occur, they want to know how cars can be built better to protect the drivers.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. What does the speaker think of the causes of automobile accidents?18. What measure has been taken to reduce car accidents?19. What remains an important factor for the rising number of road accidents?20. What is the focus of people’s attentions today according to the passage?。

老托福阅读真题 2000年1月

2000年1月TOEFL试题Section Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1-10As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland. Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as fanners from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High Street Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation.Along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items.Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods.One of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth.They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Philadelphia's agriculture importance(B) Philadelphia's development as a marketing center(C) The sale of imported goods in Philadelphia(D) The administration of the city of Philadelphia2. It can be inferred from the passage that new markets opened in Philadelphia because(A) they provided more modem facilities than older markets(B) the High Street Market was forced to close(C) existing markets were unable to serve the growing population(D) farmers wanted markets that were closer to the farms.3. The word "hinterland " in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) tradition (B) association (C) produce (D) region4. The word "it" in line 6 refers to(A) the crowded city (B) a radius (C) the High Street Market (D) the period5. The word "persisted" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) returned (B) started (C) declined (D) continued6. According to the passage, fairs in Philadelphia were held(A) on the same day as market says (B) as often as possible(C) a couple of times a year (D) whenever the government allowed it7. It can be inferred that the author mentions "Linens and stockings" in line 12 to show that they were items that(A) retail merchants were not willing to sell(B) were not available in the stores in Philadelphia(C) were more popular in Germantown man in Philadelphia(D) could easily be transported8. The word "eradicate" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) eliminate (B) exploit (C) organize (D) operate9. What does the author mean by stating in line 17 that "economic development was on the merchants' side "?(A) Merchants had a strong impact on economic expansion.(B) Economic forces allowed merchants to prosper.(C) Merchants had to work together to achieve economic independence(D) Specialty shops near large markets were more likely to be economically successful.10. The word "undergoing" in line 22 is closest in meaning to(A) requesting (B) experiencing (C) repeating (D) includingQuestions 11-22Avicolturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates.When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material.Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation environmentIn artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots andincubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat the eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird's method of natural incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability of the hatching chicks.When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes outdoors to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after eggs are laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to act as insulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo.Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest.11. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) Nesting material varies according to the parrots' environment.(B) Humidity is an important factor in incubating parrots' eggs.(C) Aviculturists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots.(D) Wild parrots' nests provide information useful for artificial incubation.12. The word "They" in line 2 refers to(A) aviculturists (B)birds (C)eggs (D) rates13. According to paragraph 2, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are cooler than the top, then(A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation(B) the embryo will not develop normally(C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position.(D) the incubation process is slowed down14. According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt are used to(A) soften the bottom of the nest for the newly hatched chick(B) hold the nest together(C) help lower the temperature at the bottom of the nest(D) make the nest bigger15. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to(A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest(B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest(C) keep the nest in a clean condition(D) touch the bottom of the eggs16. All of the following are part of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT(A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the nest(B) arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest(C) transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell(D) maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell17. The word "suspend" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) build (B) paint (C)hang (D) move18. The word "fatal" in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) close (B) deadly (C) natural (D) hot19. The word "secure" in line 27 is closest in meaning to(A) fiesh (B)diy (C)safe (D)warm20. According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides(A) a constant source of humidity (B) a strong nest box(C) more room for newly hatched chicks (D) protection against cold weather21. Which of the following is a problem with commercial incubators?(A) They lack the natural temperature changes of the outdoors.(B) They are unable to heat the eggs evenly(C) They do not transfer heat to the egg in the same way the parent bird does.(D) They are expensive to operate.22. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?(A) Aviculturists (line I) (B) Gradient (line 8)(C) Incubation (line 15) (D) Embryo (line 24)Questions 23-33The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles to large boulders. The most abundant particles—sand, silt, and clay—are the focus of examination in studies of soil texture. Texture is the term used to describe the composite sizes of particles in a soil sample, typically several representative handfuls.To measure soil texture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted out by size and weight. The weights of each size are then expressed as a percentage of the sample weight.In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting a handful of sod and squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast, a lump formed by squeezing a sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencil shape formed by rolling soil between the palms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shape formed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provides the basis for a general textural classification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soil is filtered through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, the particles become grouped in corresponding size categories. Each category can be weighed to make a textural determination. Although sieves work well for silt, sand, and larger particles, they are not appropriate for clay particles. Clay is fartoo small to sieve accurately; therefore, in soils with a high proportion of clay, the fine particles are measured on the basis of their settling velocity when suspended in water .Since clays settle so slowly, they are easily segregated from sand and silt. The water can be drawn off and evaporated, leaving a residue of clay, which can be weighed.23. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Characteristics of high quality soil(B) Particles typically found in most soils(C) How a high clay content affects the texture of soil(D) Ways to determine the texture of soil24. The author mentions "several representative handrals" in line 4 in order to show(A) the range of soil samples(B) the process by which soil is weighed(C) the requirements for an adequate soil sample(D) how small soil particles are25. The phrase "sorted out" in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) mixed (B) replaced (C) carried (D) separated26. It can be inferred mat the names of the three basic shapes mentioned in paragraph 2 reflect(A) the way the soil is extracted (B) the results of squeezing the soil(C) the need to check more than one handful (D) the difficulty of forming different shapes27. The word "dampened" in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) damaged (B) stretched (C) moistened (D) examined28. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a soil sample with little or no clay in it?(A) It is not very heavy. (B) It may not hold its shape when molded.(C) Its shape is durable (D) Its texture cannot be classified29. The word "they" in line 23 refers to(A) categories (B) sieves (C) larger particles (D) clay particles30. It can be inferred from the passage that the sediment sieve has an advantage over the hand test in determining soil texture because(A) using the sieve takes less time (B) the sieve can measure clay(C) less training is required to use the sieve (D) the sieve allows for a more exact measure31. During the procedure described in paragraph 3, when clay particles are placed into water they(A) stick to the sides of the water container (B) take some time to sink to the bottom(C) separate into different sizes (D) dissolve quickly32. The word "fine" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) tiny (B) many (C) excellent (D) various33. All of the following words are defined in the passage EXCEPT(A) texture (line 3) (B) ribbon (line 11) (C) sediment sieves (line 19) (D) evaporated (line 27)Questions 34-43A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual and specialized line communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate unsureness or fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them. Here the conversant's tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are .usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathyin any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic soundsof the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed34. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The function of the voice in performance (B) The connection between voice and personality(C) Communication styles (D) The production of speech35. What does the author mean by staring that, "At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen" (lines 9-10)?(A) Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are.(B) The tone of voice can cany information beyond the meaning of words.(C) A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication.(D) Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas.36. The word "Here" in line 10 refers to(A) interpersonal interactions (B) the tone (C) ideas and feelings (D) words chosen37. The word "derived" in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) discussed (B) prepared (C) registered (D) obtained38. Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic communication" in line 17?(A) As examples of public performance (B) As examples of basic styles of communication(C) To contrast them to singing (D) To introduce the idea of self-image39. According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice, may be an indication of a person's(A) general physical health (B) personality (C) ability to communicate (D) vocal quality40. According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide(A) hostility (B) shyness (C) friendliness (D) strength41. The word "drastically" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) frequently (B) exactly (C) severely (D) easily42. The word "evidenced" in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) questioned (B) repeated (C) indicated (D) exaggerated43. According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?(A) Lethargy (B) Depression (C) Boredom (D) AngerQuestions 44-50As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic line life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society.The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies.Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population.Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home.Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrializedearly-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as a consumer ratherthan a producer. Schools trained women to be consumer homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite out-of-date.44. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was(A) the growing number of schools in frontier communities(B) an increase in the number of trained teachers(C) the expanding economic problems of schools(D) the increased urbanization of the entire country45. The word "means" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) advantages (B) probability (C) method (D) qualifications46. The phrase "coincided with" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) was influenced by (B) happened at the same time as(C) began to grow rapidly (D) ensured the success of47. According to the passage, one important change in United States education by the 1920's was that(A) most places required children to attend school(B) the amount of time spent on formal education was limited(C) new regulations were imposed on nontraditional education(D) adults and children studied in the same classes48. Vacation schools and extracurricular activities are mentioned in lines 11-12 to illustrate(A) alternatives to formal education provided by public schools(B) the importance of educational changes(C) activities that competed to attract new immigrants to their programs.(D) the increased impact of public schools on students.49. According to the passage, early-twentieth century education reformers believed that(A) different groups needed different kinds of education(B) special programs should be set up in frontier communities to modernize them(C) corporations and other organizations damaged educational progress(D) more women should be involved in education and industry50. The word "it" in line 24 refers to(A) consumption (B) production (C) homemaking (D) education评论，观念，各有不同做好自己那份就好。

1989-2001年全部托福听力短对话

(A) What she can do to help the man. (B) How long the man has had allergies. (C) What is causing the man's problem. (D) What the man just said.
C
9
A: My brother is coming this weekend and I thought three of us could go out to dinner on Saturday (A) He already has plans for Saturday night. night. Any suggestions? (B) The woman should decide where to cat Saturday. B: It's up to you. I don't know the restaurants around here that well. So you’d know a better place to (C) The woman should ask her brother for a suggestion. go than me. (D) He will make a reservation at the restaurant. Q: What does the man mean? (A) She'll drop the man off on the way to work. (B) The man can ride downtown with her. (C) The man will have to leave earlier than usual. (D) She can't give the man a ride. (A) Her backhand is almost perfect. (B) The time the man spent practicing has helped him. (C) The man's mother wanted him to practice. (D) Her mother is a good tennis coach. (A) Her brother was not accepted into law school. (B) She doesn't want to be a criminal lawyer. (C) She has decided not to go to law school. (D) She doesn't plan to work in her brother's law firm. (A) The man will probably receive a scholarship. (B) She can't give the man a ride to the dean's office. (C) She can lend the man a sweater. (D) The man isn't dressed appropriately for the interview. (A) Buy a car from the woman. (B) Help the woman paint her car. (C) Buy a new car. (D) Look for a less expen ride into the office with you tomorrow? B: Another day would be fine. But I’ve got to be downtown for a meeting first thing in the morning. 10 Q: What does the woman imply? A: After two weeks of tennis lessons I think I finally managed to improve my backhand（反手击球）. 11 B: Like my mom always says: "Practice makes perfect." Q: What does the woman mean? A: I just heard about your acceptance into law school. Do you think you will be able to join your brother's firm when you graduate? 12 B: Not likely. He is a tax lawyer and I'm going to major in criminal law. Q: What does the woman imply? A: Could you give me a ride to the dean's office? My interview for the scholarship is in an hour. B: Don't you have anything else to wear other than that sweater? 13 Q: What does the woman imply? A: Well, if you are seriously considering buying a car, I'm trying to get rid of mine. All it needs is new paint. 14 B: Thanks. But most used cars end up being more trouble than they are worth. Q: What will the man probably do?

2002年01月托福考试听力文字

02年1月托福听力文字Part A1：A: with so little time left to study for the history final. I think we should concentrate on going over our lecture notesB: that sounds good. At least we have an idea what Prof. Martin thinks is important Q: how do the students plan to prepare for the exam?2：A: sorry I'm late. There was road construction on highway 9 and traffic was bucked up for a mile.B: tell me about it. I take that road. And it took me two hours to get home last night Q: what does the man mean?3：A: u said u wanted to borrow my camera for Prof. Wilson's assignment. Well, here it is.B: I know this is precious to you, and I'll take good care of it. I hate using other people's things, especially expensive equipment like thisQ: according to the conversation, what will the woman do?4：A: have you decided what you are going to do over the summer break?B: well, I've given it a thought, and I'd like to get a job in something related to marketing.But I haven't come up with anything definite yet.Q: what does the woman mean?5：A: that chocolate cake looks delicious. Are you going to have some with me?B: well, that was a huge meal we just had, and I was sort of watching my calorie and ..., but what a healthy birthday only comes once a year.Q: what will the man probably do?6：A: they say the exercise is good for you, but I don't know. I mean dragging myself out of bed six-day and every day to go to the gym is reeking head on my sleeping schedule.B: sure, but who says u need to go everyday?Q: what does the woman imply the man should do?7：A: are you just about done with the copying machine?B: pretty much. I just have to make sure the copy is clearQ: what does the woman mean?8：A: this prescription is supposed to be effective from paining, but it's maybe too strong for me. I took it when I worked up in pain in the middle of the night, and now I feel nauseous.B: you should read the label first. It says right here on the bottom to be taken with meals onlyQ: what can be inferred about the woman?9：A: finally here are the notes u lent me from last weeks, chemistry class. Sorry I kept them so longB: hey don't worry about it. Our final exam's not for another weekQ: what does the woman imply？10：A: I know this jack is a little old and faint but I got some other things to take care of before the interviewB: if you want my opinion, a new suite should be a top priorityQ: what does the woman imply the man should do?11：A: wait a minute, are you actually studying on this beautiful Saturday when the work is indue for two weeksB: have u forgotten I'm going to be gone next weekendQ: what does the woman imply?12：A: do you know about the science fiction fare on Saturday?B: of course, I wouldn't miss it for the world.Q: what does the woman mean?13：A: Wanna come with me to the opera tonight? I've got extra tickets and I think it will take your mind off that math problem that u were swearing over for the last two hoursB: that'll be great but the opera is in what? Italian, right? I think I have a better chance of understanding a math problemQ: what does the man imply?14：A: u saw Kevin's new haircut, didn't you? It's pretty weird, don't you think?B: I don't know. I mean, I don't think it looks good on u, but on him, well, I think it really complements his beard.Q: what does the woman mean?15：A: I need u to send this package to the main office so it'll arrive before Wednesday's meeting B: is there anyone else who can do it? It's going to take me an afternoon to prepare this reportQ: what does the man suggest the woman do?16：A: I can find my notes from history class anywhere. They are not on my desk.B: u may want to check behind it. Sometimes it happens to me, especially when there r a lot of papers still piled on top of it.Q: what does the man mean?17：A: a lot of people are complaining about Prof Balle's lectures. They say he goes over the materials too quickly in class. What do you think?B: well, I don't have to write as many notes as most students in there. You see, I have similar course in another score. Maybe I'm not the best person to ask.Q: what can be inferred about the man?18：A: can u recommend one of the doctors in the students help center? I'll get a physical exam before they let me play basketballB: sorry, my hometown is so close so I just drive back there whenever I need to c a doctor Q: what does the woman mean?19：A: this reading-listen professor really give us, look at it, 2000 pages a book's. Does she really expect us to read them all?B: just once on the first page, the rest just stops she thought we may find interesting Q: what does the woman mean?20：A: do you know Sally's new address. She got some mail and I'd like to forward to her.B: sorry, we weren't exactly on good terms when she leftQ: what does the woman imply?21：A: the sign says this is reserved parking only and your student parking stick has expired, too.B: I was just running in to turn in a paper, officer. I haven't been here for more than five minutes.Q: what can be inferred about the woman?22：A: I'm pretty excited. The out-door club is going hiking on Mount Herry Forest this weekend.B: yes. Finally, I've been looking forward to it all yearQ: what can be inferred about the speakers?23：A: I've been just told that my part-time job is going to end next month.B: it's probably for the best. Your skills are showing the man down. And the job was exactly what u call interestingQ: what does the man imply?24：A: the conference on career planning is only a month away, but there are still a few things that our organizing committee needs to work outB: then it's clear that we'd better meet again and soon. Would u mind setting it up?Q: what does the woman wants the man to do?25：A: oh, we had the best tour guide when we were in San Francisco I recommend him very highly when u go there next monthB: thanks, but I'll be staying with family and they are taking care of everythingQ: what does the woman imply?26：A: I heard Jean has tickets to the boys square that you want to seeB: I'm in luck then. The ticket office sold out tickets yesterdayQ: what will the man probably do?27：A: so, what do you think of the car? It is in your price range.B: well, it's a little bit off and the seats are a little torn, but it certainly drives well and I'm tired of looking.Q: what will the man probably do next?28：A: I'm really looking forward to this trip with our geology class. But I'm not certain I have the strength to carry a bag pack up and down the mountain, especially when it's full of toolsB: they are taking two donkeys to carry the tools. We just have to carry our personal items, like clothing and sleeping bags.Q: what does the man mean?29：A: 8:45? I guess I'd better get going. When's the next bus up to university?B: that bus leaves here in an hourQ: what does the man mean?30：A: Mary borrowed my jack again this morning. It's getting so, I almost never get to use it.B: you gonna put a stop to that. She has plenty of her own things to wearQ: what does the man suggest the woman do?Part BQuestion 31-34: listen to a conversation between two students.Woman: oh, Jack, I'm glad I call u. I want to tell you I have to skip the history study group session tonight.Man: really? That' too bad. Are you feeling well?Woman: oh, it's not bad. It's going to be a public meeting down the town hall. The state sen ator from this area is going to be there. She has this meeting three or four times a year to speak with her constituency.Man: is that you'd like to do with your evening, going to listen to a politician's... Woman: actually, it's a class assignment. Prof Jackson, he's teaching that political science seminar I'm taking. He told all of us in the seminar to going hear what the senator has to say tonight and also write up a report about the issues people bring up.Man: oh, like medical care, and tax and…?Woman: right, as long as I'm there, I think I'd like to bring up government funding for stat e universities. The tuition keeps going on and it's getting harder and harder for a lot of s tudents to afford it.Man: tell me about it.Woman: anyway, I want to do a really good job on this report. I need to get a letter of reco mmendation from Prof Jackson for grad school. So I guess I'd better show up there tonight an d c what's going on.Man: yeah, but, what about the history test?Woman: well, I already put some time on that this morning. So I think by tomorrow afternoon, I'll be ready. 31：Question: why does the man assume the woman is not feeling well?32：Q: what is the general purpose of the meeting the woman plans to attend?33：Q: what does the woman hope to discuss tonight?34：Q: what does the woman hope Prof Jackson will do for her?35-39：A: I just finished reading a book of short story by Hemlen Garlen called May Traveled Road.I really enjoy it. Have u ever read it?B: yes, it was a required reading in American literature course i took last year, even thoug h it's fiction, you get a realistic picture of the hard life people had on American frontier . I don't think I would survive 19 century frontier lifeA: me neither. Remember that story among the car roads. Garlen gives a vivid description of Julie Peterson, that young immigrant girl, she had to work on her family farmB: Ah haA: well when Julie feels exhausted, and she is wishing she can escape from her hard labor, s he looks over her father working in the next field. And she is inspired to continue her own workB: i do remember that story .Garlen really captures the spirit of hard work that was so typi cal of immigrants and pioneers who settled the American Midwest. It's difficult to image tha t nothing seems to discourage them for long.A: i wonder how Garlen learn so much about the Midwest. Was he from Boston?B: he lived in Boston. In fact, he studied and taught in Boston School of Oritory, but I thi nk he was born in Lawcarbinlen, Wincosin. He did grow up in Midwest.A: no wonder his description is so good, I'm going to take this book back to the library now and c what other Garlen's works I can find.35：Q: what are the man and the woman discussing?36：Q: what does Hemlen Garlen describe in May Traveled Road?37：Q: how does Hemlen Garlen characterize pioneer life?38：Q: why does the man mention Julie Peterson?39：Q: where's the man going now?40-43：Question 40-43: listen to some remarksThis is our last meeting before the camps arrive tomorrow. I'll give u the activity schedule later. But, now I want to answer a question one of u asked me yesterday about camps with as thma. Let me explain a little about the disease. First of all, it's chronical and very commo n. 20 million people in the United States alone have it. It affects the bronchial tubes that are the airways of the lungs. During normal breathing, air is drawn in through the mouse an d nose, and eventually makes its way into the bronchial tubes. The asthma patient's bronchia l tubes are very sensitive, and easily irritated by exercises or strength, exposure to aller gy or pollution, or breathing in cold air, cigarettes smoke. When asthmatic suffers an attac k, the airway path was constricted, making it difficult for the person from breathing normal ly. If a camp in your group has even a mild asthma, you would be informed and given further instruction about what to do in case of an attack. But don't worry. Some of our camps might have a mild case, but they always bring their medicines with them and we never have a proble m. Are there any other questions? Ok, let's talk about the schedule for tomorrow.40：Q: what does the speaker mainly discuss?41： Q: according to the speaker, what part of asthmatic's body is particularly sensitive? 42： Q: what does the speaker say about the camps who have asthma?43： Q: why does the speaker mention cigarette smoke?44-47：Question 44-47: listen to part of a talk in astronomy classToday most astronomers accept the notion that groups of stars that make up the universe are all moving farther and farther away from each other. but until very recently this idea of an expanding universe was not a theory most European scholars believed in since ancient times and up to about the17th century most of these scholars thought the size of the universe have remained unchanged since the moment of its creation or perhaps forever, with all the stars remaining more or less in place in relation to each other. but that was challenged in the la te 17th century by Izic Newton's idea of gravity as a force of attraction, which contradicte d the idea of a university that is static, unchanging. If gravity causes all the stars out t here in space to attract each other as Newton said, then they could remain motionless. Soone r or later all the stars will fall in absorb each other. well, scientists then propose a new model, taking Newton's theory into account, they didn't want to abandon the idea of motionl ess stars, but for this model to work, so the stars won't fall in each other, they had to mo dify Newton's law of gravity, so they theorize that for distance as large as those between s tars, the gravitation force repels rather attracts. As you might guess, this other contradic tions. But this is prettily resolved in the past centuries by currently accepted theory, whi ch says the universe is continuously expanding. You'll be reading all about that as your hom ework tonight.44： Q: what does the professor mainly discuss?45： Q: what did most European scholars believe before 17th century about the size of the un46： Q: what did some scientists try to explain by suggesting that stars repel each other? 47： Q: what will the students read about for homework?48-50：Question 48-50: listen to a talk in a biology classOn Monday we talked about insects, and how they gather food. Today I'd like to talk about th e common garden spider and how it captures its prey with net-like structure it first produce d almost 200 million years ago. I mean, of course a spider web. What's interesting is why su ch a delicate structure isn't hard. When a fast-flying insect crashes into it, and compared with the spider, these insects can be huge and really heavy. In fact capturing a large insec t in a spider web could be compared to capture an airplane in a fishing net. So, how can the web offset such a shock without breaking? is it just because the thread is made of so stron g? well, experts analyze spider webs using a computer program designed when an insect crashe d and caught and they found the structure of the web, the way of threads connected together helps balance the strength and tensions caused by the impact and spread them all across the web this saves the web from being destroyed and by the way, suggests some creative new ideas that human might use in designing buildings. The biggest surprise, though, is the role of a ir resistance in cushioning the shock of collision. The computer model showed that dragging a tightening thread from a spider web through the air is a lot like pulling a heavy rope thr ough water. And since air resistance acts on many threads all across the web its amazing eff ect that multiplies many times. And this definitely helps the web survive the impact48：Q: what is the talk mainly about?49：Q: what does the speaker say about some of the insects that spiders capture?50：Q: according to the speaker, who might benefit from studying spider webs?。

2000年1月托福考试全真试题（二）

26.(A) He's angry with the woman,(B) He feels sick.(C) He doesn't get along well with some people.(D) He prefers to study alone.27.(A) It provides reading material for people waiting to get in.(B) He had to wait a long time for a seat there.(C) He wasn't able to find a seat there.(D) The seats used there are uncomfortable.28.(A) Students still have time to apply for a loan.(B) Students must wait until next month to submit loan applications.(C) The woman should find out whether her loan application was accepted.(D) The woman should ask for an extension on the application deadline.29.(A) The casserole usually contains fewer vegetables.(B) She wishes she hadn't ordered the casserole(C) The cafeteria usually uses canned vegetables.(D) She doesn't usually eat in the cafeteria,30.(A) Stay in the dormitory.(B) Find out the cost of living in the dormitory.(C) Ask for a reduction in her rent.(D) Move into an apartment with a roommate.31.(A) They're classmates.(B) They're roommates.(C) They're cousins.(D) They're lab partners.32.(A) He couldn't decide on a topic for his paper.(B) He thought his paper was late.(C) He hadn't heard from his family in a while.(D) He thought the woman had been ill.33.(A) To find their way back to the nest.(B) To locate plant fibers.(C) To identify kinds of honey.(D) To identify relatives.34.(A) Visit his parents.(B) Write a paper.(C) Observe how bees build nests(D) Plan a family reunion.35.(A) An alternative use of fuel oil.(B) A way to make fuel oil less polluting.(C) A new method for locating underground oil.(D) A new source of fuel oil36.(A) She was doing research for a paper on it,(B) She read a newspaper article about it.(C) She was told about it by her roommate.(D) She heard about it in class.37.(A) To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogen.(B) To remove impurities from methanol.(C) To heat the reactors(D) To prevent dangerous gases from forming38.(A) It hasn't been fully tested.(B) It's quite expensive.(C) It uses up scarce minerals.(D) The gas it produces is harmful to the environment.39.(A) The influence of European popular music on non-Western music.(B) The musical background of the director of the Broadway version of The Lion King(C) The types of music used in the Broadway version of The Lion King.(D) Differences between the music of the film version and the Broadway version of The Lion King.40.(A) It was performed by the Zulu people of South Africa.(B) It developed outside the musical traditions of Europe.(C) It's familiar to most audiences in the United States.(D) The students heard it performed in New York City.41.(A) The director is of African ancestry.(B) The director wanted the songs in the Broadway version to be identical to the songs in the film.(C) The Broadway version was first performed in Africa.(D) The story takes place in Africa.42.(A) A type of music that originated in Indonesia.(B) The meaning of non-English words used in a song(C) The plot of The Lion King(D) Popular rock and jazz music performed in43.(A) How ancient philosophers measured the distance between heavenly bodies.(B) How ancient philosophers explained the cause of an eclipse of the Moon.(C) Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth was a sphere.(D) Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth moved around the Sun.44.(A) How the natural world was described in Greek mythology.(B) What they observed directly.(C) The writings of philosophers from other societies.(D) Measurements made with scientific instruments.45.(A) They noticed an apparent change in the position of the North Star.(B) They observed eclipses at different times of the year.(C) They were the first to estimate the distance between heavenly bodies.(D) They wanted to prove that the Earth was flat.46.(A) A place for making astronomical observations.(B) An instrument used for observing stars.(C) A unit of measurement.(D) The North Star.47.(A) One of the students asked him about it in the previous class.(B) He read about it the previous day.(C) He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock's travel log(D) The students were required to read about it for that day's class48.(A) That Peary bad announced his success prematurely.(B) That the investigation of Peary's expedition wasn't thorough.(C) That Peary wasn't an experienced explorer.(D) That he had reached the pole before Peary did.49.(A) They talked to one of Peary's companions.(B) They interviewed Peary.(C) They conducted a computer analysis of photographs.(D) They examined Peary's navigation tools,50.(A) Dr. Cook's expedition.(B) The conclusions of the Navigation Foundation.(C) Exploration of the Equator.(D) Exploration of the South Pole.。

TOEFL听力文本及答案

TOEFL听⼒⽂本及答案2000年5⽉TOEFL听⼒试题Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) They don’t enjoy swimming.(B) They won’t go swimming in the lake today.(C) They don’t know how to swim.(D) They’ll swim in the lake tomorrow.2. (A) The style of sweater she’s wearin g is verycommon.(B) The man saw Jill wearing the sweater.(C) She wore the sweater for the first timeyesterday.(D) She usually doesn’t borrow clothes fromJill.3. (A) He went to see the dentist a week ago.(B) The woman should cancel her appointmentwith the dentist.(C) The woman’s toothache will go away byitself.(D) The woman should have seen the dentist bynow.4. (A) She’s planning a trip to Antarctica.(B) She thinks attending the lecture will behelpful to her.(C) Her geography class is required to attendthe lecture.(D)She has already finished writing her report.5. (A) The woman should join the chess club.(B) He’s not a very good chess player.(C) The woman needs a lot of time to playchess.(D) He’s willing to teach the woman how toplay chess.6. (A) Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.(B) Return the novel to Alice immediately.(C) Help the man find this own copy of thenovel.(D) Find out how much the novel costs.7. (A) He has already tasted the chocolatepudding.(B) Chocolate is his favorite flavor.(C) He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding(D) There is no more chocolate pudding left.8. (A) See the movie at a theater close by.(B) Wait until later to see the moive.(C) Consider seeing an English version of themovie.(D) Call the Pine Street Cinema to see whattime the movie starts. 9. (A) He doesn’t know how to find the student’s grade.(B) He doesn’t know if Dr. Wilson has finishedgrading the midterm exams.(C) He isn’t allowed to tell the student hergrade.(D) Dr. Wilson doesn’t want to be contactedwhile she’s away.10. (A) She had to wait even longer than the mandid to have her car inspected.(B)The man should have had his car inspectedsooner.(C)The auto inspection center will be closedat the end of the month.(D)The man doesn’t need to have his carinspected until next month.11. (A) He can act as a subject in the experiment.(B) He thinks the woman’s experiment isdifficult to understand.(C) He’s busy working on his own experment.(D) He’s willing to help the woman run theexperiment.12. (A) Look for the misplaced check.(B) Ask the bookstore for a refund.(C) Borrow some cash from the woman.(D) Repair his desk.13. (A) He hadn’t heard that Karen had a new roommate.(B) Karen wouldn’t give specific reasons for her feelings.(C) He thinks that Karen shouldn’t be angry.(D) Karen won’t be getting a new roommate after all.14. (A)The woman didn’t submit the thesis proposal to him on time.(B) He returned the thesis proposal to the woman a week ago.(C) He hasn’t read the thesis proposal yet.(D) The thes is proposal isn’t acceptable.15. (A) It only cost $400.(B) He bought it a year ago.(C) Write down the directions to the supermarket.(D) Check to see if the stew is ready.16. (A) Purchase some ingredients.(B) Give the man a recipe.(C) Write down the directions to the supermarket.(D) Check to see if the stew is ready.17. (A) He arrived at the theater late.(B) He left his watch in the theater.(C) The production seemed much shorter than it actually was.(D) He did not enjoy the production.18. (A) He can’t understand the instructions.(B) He doesn’t have a computer.(C) He has a degree in computer science.(D) He needs to take his computer to berepqired.19. (A) Arrange by phone to have a bucket delivered.(B) Deliver the papers herself.(C) Take her recycling to the town office.(D) Return the bucket to the recycling department.20. (A) She prefers her eggs fried.(B) She never eats breakfast.(C) She gets an allergic reaction when eating eggs.(D) She doesn’t eat a lot for breakfast.21.(A) He doesn’t know anything about engineering.(B) He wants the woman to postpone the talk.(C) He hasn’t finished preparing for his presentation.(D) He regularly gives talks to high school students.22. (A) He told the woman to take seven courses this semester.(B) He knew that the woman’s schedulewouldbe too difficult for her.(C) His current schedule is also very demanding.(D) Taking so many classes will enable the woman to graduate early.23. (A) He needs help repairing his truck.(B) He doesn’t want to use his truck for thefield trip.(C) The woman can use his truck if she agrees to drive.(D) He doesn’t think all the t elescopes will fitin his truck.24. (A) Dr. Luby won’t be taking students to New York this year.(B) She doesn’t know where the man can buy theater tickets.(C) Dr. Luby is performing in a play on Broadway.(D) She’s going on a thea ter trip with Dr. Luby. Elizabeth.25. (A) The woman’s source of information is reliable.(B) He didn’t enjoy taking history with Dr. Parker.(C) He thought Dr. Parker’s tests were easy.(D) Dr. Parker is no longer teaching history.26. (A) The man doesn’t have air-conditioning.(B)The man’s air conditioner is broken.(C) The man hasn’t been using his air conditioner.(D) The summer has been unusually hot.27. (A) He has decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.(B) He doesn’t know how much his rent is going to increase.(C) He’s already planning to enter next year’s essay contest.(D) He has already paid his landlord for next year’s rent.28. (A) He’ll probably postpone the test until after he talks(B) He usually tells the students ahead of time what will be on his tests.(C) He’ll probably talk about chapter 16 inclass today.(D) He might test the students on material not discussed in class29. (A) He has been applying only for advertisedjobs.(B) He’s conviced that there’s a shortage of jobs.(C) He doesn’t have time to read all the job ads.(D) He’ll help the woman find a job.30. (A) To make plans for the evening.(B) To ask her about the assignment.(C) To talk to her roommate.(D) To give her some information.31. (A) A class presentation they’re preparing.(B) A television program the man is watching.(C)Visiting a close fiend of theirs.(D) Studying for a test.32.(A) He’s taking a break from studying.(B) He has already finished studying.(C) He was assigned to watch a program byhis professor.(D) He’s finding out some information for a friend.33. (A) He didn’t know that she was enrolled in a linear algebra course.(B) He thought she preferred to study alone.(C) He thought she had made arrangements to study with(D) He had told her that he had done poorly ona recent test.34. (A) He and Elizabeth argued recently.(B) He heard Elizabeth did poorly on the last test.(C) He doesn’t want to bother Elizabeth solate in the evening.(D) He’d rather study in his own dormitory.35. (A) A more economical diesel fuel.(B) Characteristics of a new type of fuel.(C) Where a new energy source is located.(D) How to develop alternative energy sources.36. (A) He’s studying for a test.(B) He lost his notes.(C) He missed the class.(D) He’s doing research on alternative.37. (A) It will reduce the amount of pollutants in the air.(B) It will increase the amount of unpleasant odors from wehicles.(C) It will eventually destroy the ozone layer.(D) It will reduce the cost of running large vehicles.38. (A) It’s expensive to manufacture.(B) It’s hasn’t been adeq uately tested.(C) It damages car engines.(D) It’s dangerous to transport.39. (A) To help him explain the information to his roommate.(B) To help him write a paper.(C) To prepare for a test.(D) To tell her if the notes are accurate.40. (A) The life and times of an important modern poet.(B) How a poem’s images relate to its meaning.(C) The musical quality of modern poetry.(D) The poems of Gertrude Stein.41. (A) She’s the most famous of the modern poets.(B) She didn’t pu blish any of her works in her lifetime.(C) She was better known as a prose writerthan as a poet.(D) She began her career as a writer relatively late in her life.42. (A) It reflects poetic techniques that were rejected by modern poets.(B) It’s from a poem that the students have read.(C) It’s the title of a poem by John Ashbery.(D) It’s an example of a statement that is “empty” but pleasing to hear.43. (A) Read some poems out loud.(B) Research the life of Gertrude Stein.(C) Compare the poems of Gertrude Stein to the poems of John Ashbery.(D) Write a few lines of poetry.44. (A) Employment in the fishing and whaling industries.(B) Nineteenth-century sea captains.(C) The economic importance of sailing ships.(D) The development of the steamship.45. (A) They were protected by a strong United States Navy.(B) They were supported by a well-developed railroad(C) Most crew members had experience on foreign ships.(D) As part owners of the ships, captains got some of the profits.46. (A) They carried passengers ,but not cargo.(B) They were large, but surprisingly fast.(C) They were the first successfulsteam-powered ships.(D) They were more reliable than other shipsof the 1860’s.47. (A) It’s now taught with the aid of computers.(B) It isn’t considered as important today as it was in the past.(C) Children today learn it earlier than children did in the past.(D) A lot of times is spent teaching it.48. (A) To indicate the emphasis teachers onceplaced on penmanship.(B) To criticize a technique used to motivatechildren.(C) To illustrate the benefits of competition.(D) To suggest that teachers be recognized fortheir efforts.49. (A) How educators create a curriculum.(B) Why some parents object to the teachingof penmanship.(C) The standards for penmanship in statecurricula.(D) The effects of rewarding goodpenmanship.50. (A) The number of hours per week that mustbe spent teaching penmanship.(B) The level of penmanship a child isexpected to have.(C) The recommended method for teachingpenmanship.(D) The reason computers should be used tohelp in the teaching of penmanship答案：BBDBD ACACB DABCC BDAAD CBBDC CADBD DADCB CAACC CDACD BBACB童年时，家是⼀声呼唤。

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