30道词汇题(附答案)
八年级英语词汇运用题25道
八年级英语词汇运用题25道1. We need some new ________ (fork) for dinner. 答案：forks 解析：some 修饰可数名词复数，fork 的复数形式是forks 。
2. There is a ________ (knife) on the table. 答案：knife 解析：a 修饰可数名词单数，knife 的单数形式是knife 。
3. I have two ________ (cup) of coffee every morning. 答案：cups 解析：two 修饰可数名词复数，cup 的复数形式是cups 。
4. She uses a ________ (spoon) to eat soup. 答案：spoon 解析：a 修饰可数名词单数，spoon 的单数形式是spoon 。
5. Can you pass me the ________ (plate)? 答案：plate 解析：the 可以修饰可数名词单数或复数，这里根据语境用单数plate 。
6. We have many interesting ________ (activity) at school. 答案：activities 解析：many 修饰可数名词复数，activity 的复数形式是activities 。
7. Our teacher is very ________ (friend) to us. 答案：friendly 解析：be friendly to sb. 表示“对某人友好”，friend 需变为形容词friendly 。
8. I'm always ________ (busy) on weekdays. 答案：busy 解析：be busy 表示“忙碌的”，busy 是形容词。
9. There are some ________ (book) on the desk. 答案：books 解析：some 修饰可数名词复数，book 的复数形式是books 。
【AAA】托福440道词汇题与答案.doc
001.Mostoftheseleaderswereinvolvedinpu bliclifeasreformers,activistsworkingforwo men'srighttovote,orauthors,andwerenot re presentative atallofthegreatofordinarRw omen.Theword"representative"isclosestinmean ingtowhichoffollowing?(A)tRpical(B)satisfied(C)supportive(D)distinctive002.IntheUnitedStates,LouisComfortTiffa nR(1843-1933)wasthemostnotedeRponen tofthisstRle,producingagreatvarietRofglas sformsandsurfaces,whichwerewidelRcopie dintheirtimeandarehighlR prized todaR.Theword"prized"isclosestinmeaningtowh ichoffollowing?(A)valued(B)universal(C)uncommon(D)preserved003.TheArtNouveaustRlewasamajorforcei nthedecorativeartsfrom1895until1915,alth oughitsinfluencecontinuedthroughoutthe mid-1920's.ItwaseventuallRtobe overtak en bRanewschoolofthoughtknownasFunct ionalismthathadbeenpresentsincetheturn ofthecenturR. Theword"overtaken"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)surpassed(B)inclined(C)eRpressed(D)applied004.Duringmostoftheirlives,surgeglaciers behavelikenormalglaciers,travelingperhap sonlRacoupleofinchesperdaR.However,at i ntervals of10to100Rears,theseglaciersmo veforwardupto100timesfasterthanusual. Theword"intervals"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)records(B)speeds(C)distances(D)periods005.Theincreasingwaterpressureunderthe glaciermightliftitoffitsbed,overcomingthef rictionbetweeniceandrock,thus freeing the glacier,whichrapidlRslidersdownhillsurge glaciersalsomightbeinfluencedbRtheclima te,volcanicheat,orearthquakes.Theword"freeing"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)pushing(B)releasing(C)strengthening(D)draining006.AfloodoficewouldthensurgeintotheSo uthernSea.Withthecontinuedriseinsealeve l,moreicewould plunge intotheocean,causi ngsealevelstoriseevenhigher,whichinturn wouldreleasemoreiceandsetinmotionavici ouscRcle.Theword"plunge"isclosestinmeaningtowh ichoffollowing?(A)drop(B)eRtend(C)melt(D)drift007.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentallea dersto"getthingsdone."ERpressiveleaders hip,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemp hasizesthe collective well-beingofasocialg roup'smembers.Theword"collective"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)necessarR(B)tRpical(C)group(D)particular008.TheRoffersRmpathRwhensomeoneeRperiencesdifficultiesorissubjectedtodisci pline,arequicktolightenaseriousmomentwithhumor,andtrRto resolve issuesthatthrea tentodividethegroup.Theword"resolve"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)avoidrepeating(B)talkabout(C)avoidthinkingabout(D)findasolutionfor009.ThousandsoftonswereeRtractedbefor e1875,whenitwasfirst noticed thatthetarco ntainedfossilremains.MajoreRcavationsw ereundertakenthatestablishedthesignifica nceofthisremarkablesite.Theword"noticed"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)predicted(B)announced(C)corrected(D)observed010.Sincethen,over100tonsoffossils,1.5mil lionfromvertebrates,2.5millionfrominvert ebrates,havebeenrecovered,oftenindensel Rconcentrated tangled masses.Theword"tangled"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)buriedbeneath(B)twistedtogether(C)quicklRformed(D)easilRdated011.TheasphaltatLaBreaseepstothesurface ,especiallRinthesummer,andformsshallow puddlesthatwouldoftenhavebeen conceal ed bRleavesanddust.Theword"concealed"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)highlighted(B)covered(C)transformed(D)contaminated012.Theoceanbottom---aregionnearlR2.5ti mesgreaterthanthetotallandareaoftheEart h---isavastfrontierthateventodaRislargelR uneRploredanduncharted,untilaboutacent urRago,thedeep-oceanfloorwascompletel R inaccessible,hiddenbeneathwatersaver agingover3,600metersdeep. Theword"inaccessible"isclosestinmeaning towhichoffollowing?(A)unrecognizable(B)unreachable(C)unusable(D)unsafe013.TheDSDP'sdrillship,theGlomarChalle nger,wasabletomaintainasteadRpositiono ntheocean'ssurfaceanddrillinverRdeepwat ers,eRtracting samplesofsedimentsandro ckfromtheoceanfloor.Theword"eRtracting"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)breaking(B)locating(C)removing(D)analRzing014.TodaR,largelRonthe strength ofevide ncegatheredduringtheGlomarChallenger's voRages,nearlRallearthscientistsagreeont hetheoriesofplatetectonicsandcontinental driftthateRplainmanRofthegeologicalproc essesthatshapetheEarth. Theword"strength"isclosestinmeaningtowhichoffollowing?(A)basis(B)purpose(C)discoverR(D)endurance015.ForeverRthreeCanadiansin1945,there wereoverfivein1966.InSeptember1966Can ada'spopulationpassedthe20millionmark. Mostofthis surging growthcamefromnatur alincrease.Theword"surging"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)new(B)eRtra(C)accelerating(D)surprising016.Whentheprairieswerebeingsettled,un doubtedlR,thegoodeconomicconditionsoft he1950'ssupportedagrowthinthepopulatio n,buttheeRpansionalsoderivedfroma tren d towardearliermarriagesandanincreaseint heaveragesizeoffamilies.Theword"trend"isclosestinmeaningtowhi choffollowing?(A)tendencR(B)aim(C)growth(D)directive017.Afterthe peak Rearof1957,thebirthrate inCanadabegantodecline.Itcontinuedfallin guntilin1966,itstoodatthelowestlevelin25R ears.Theword"peak"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing?(A)pointed(B)dismal(C)mountain (D)maRimum018.AlthoughthegrowthinCanada'spopulationhadsloweddownbR1966(theincreaseth efirsthalfofthe1960'swasonlRninepercent),anotherlargepopulationwavewascomingo verthehorizon.Itwouldbecomposedofthech ildrenwhowerebornduringtheperiodofthe highbirthrate priorto1957.Thephrase"priorto"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)behind(B)since(C)during(D)preceding019.Advocates oforganicfoods---atermwh osemeaningvariesgreatlR---frequentlRpro claimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmoren utritiousthanothers.Theword"Advocates"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)Proponents(B)Merchants(C)Inspectors(D)Consumers020.Therearenumerous unsubstantiate d reportsthatnaturalvitaminsaresuperiorto sRntheticones,thatfertilizedeggsarenutriti onallRsuperiortounfertilizedeggs,thatuntr eatedgrainsarebetterthanfumigatedgrains, andthelike.Theword"unsubstantiated"isclosestinmea ningtowhichoffollowing?(A)unbelievable(B)uncontested(C)unpopular(D)unverified021.ButinmanRcasesconsumersaremisledi ftheRbelieveorganicfoodscan maintain he althandprovidebetternutritionalqualitRthanconventionallRgrownfoods.Sothereisre alcauseforconcernifconsumers,particularl Rthosewithlimitedincomes,distrustthereg ularfoodsupplRandbuRonlReRpensiveorg anicfoodsinstead.Theword"maintain"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)improve(B)monitor(C)preserve(D)restore022.Inaddition,therewereperformersandsi nce considerable importancewasattached toavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites, religiousleadersusuallRassumedthattask.Theword"considerable"isclosestinmeanin gtowhichoffollowing?(A)thoughtful(B)substantial(C)relational(D)ceremonial023.Inaddition,therewereperformersandsi nceconsiderableimportancewasattachedto avoidingmistakesinthe enactment ofrites, religiousleadersusuallRassumedthattask.Theword"enactment"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)establishment(B)performance(C)authorization(D)season024.Staggering tasksconfrontedthepeopl eoftheUnitedStates,NorthandSouth,whent heCivilWarended.Aboutamillionandahalfs oldiersfrombothsideshadtobedemobilized, readjustedtocivilianlife,andreabsorbedbRt hedevastatedeconomR.Theword"Staggering"isclosestinmeaning towhichoffollowing?(A)specialized(B)confusing(C)various(D)overwhelming025.Aboutamillionandahalfsoldiersfromb othsideshadtobedemobilized,readjustedto civilianlife,andreabsorbedbRthe devastat ed economR.Theword"devastated"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)developing(B)ruined(C)complicated(D)fragile026.SomebotanistshRpothesizedthattheli vingcellsofplantsactedaspumps.ButmanRe Rperiments demonstrated thatthestemso fplantsinwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstill movewatertoappreciableheights.Theword"demonstrated"isclosestinmeani ngtowhichoffollowing?(A)ignored(B)showed(C)disguised(D)distinguished027.Aswaterislostfromthesurfaceoftheleav es,anegativepressure,ortension,iscreated. TheevaporatedwaterisreplacedbRwatermo vingfrominsidetheplantinunbrokencolum nsthat eRtend fromthetopofaplanttoitsroo ts.Thesameforcesthatcreatesurfacetension inanRsampleofwaterareresponsibleforthe maintenanceoftheseunbrokencolumnsofw ater.Theword"eRtend"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)stretch(B)branch(C)increase(D)rotate028.BRopening vast areasofunoccupiedlan dforresidentialeRpansion,theomnibuses,h orserailwaRs,commutertrains,andelectrict rolleRspulledsettledregionsoutwardtwotof ourtimesmoredistantfromcitRcentersthan theRwereinthepremodernera.Theword"vast"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing?(A)large(B)basic(C)new(D)urban029.ThenewaccessibilitRoflandaroundthe peripherRofalmosteverRmajorcitR spark ed aneRplosionofrealestatedevelopmentan dfueledwhatwenowknowasurbansprawl.B etween1890and1920,foreRample,some25 0,000newresidentiallotswererecordedwit hinthebordersofChicago,mostofthemlocat edinoutlRingareas.Theword"sparked"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)broughtabout(B)surrounded(C)sentout(D)followed030.AnRioustotakeadvantageofthepossibi litiesofcommuting,realestatedevelopersad ded800,000potential buildingsitestothe ChicagoregioninjustthirtRRears-lotsthatc ouldhavehousedfivetosiRmillionpeople.Theword"potential"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)certain(B)popular(C)improved(D)possible 031.ThequalitRofpreservationis outstand ing,butwhatisevenmoreimpressiveisthenu mberofichthRosaurfossilscontainingprese rvedembrRos.Theword"outstanding"isclosestinmeanin gtowhichoffollowing?(A)eRtensive(B)surprising(C)vertical(D)eRcellent032.IchthRosaurswithembrRoshavebeenr eportedfrom6differentlevelsoftheshaleina smallareaaroundHolzamden,suggestingth ataspecific site wasusedbRlargenumbersof ichthRosaursrepeatedlRovertime. Theword"site"isclosestinmeaningtowhich offollowing?(A)eRample(B)location(C)development(D)characteristic033.ThequalitRofpreservationisalmostun matched,andquarrRoperationshavebeenc arriedoutcarefullRwithanawarenessofthev alueofthefossils.Butthesefactorsdonot acc ountfor theinterestingquestionofhowther ecametobesuchaconcentrationofpregnanti chthRosaursinaparticularplaceverRcloset otheirtimeofgivingbirth.Thephrase"accountfor"isclosestinmeanin gtowhichoffollowing?(A)record(B)describe(C)equal(D)eRplain034.IntheseventeenthcenturRtheorgan,th eclavichord,andtheharpsichordbecamethe chiefinstrumentsofthekeRboardgroup,a su premacR theRmaintaineduntilthepianos upplantedthemattheendoftheeighteenthcenturR.Thewords"asupremacR"inline9areclosesti nmeaningto(A)asuggestion(B)animprovement(C)adominance(D)adevelopment035.Aseriesofmechanicalimprovementsco ntinuingwellintothenineteenthcenturR,inc ludingtheintroductionofpedalstosustainto neortosoftenit,theperfectionofametalfram e,andsteelwireofthefinestqualitR,finallRpr oducedaninstrumentcapableof mRriad to naleffectsfromthemostdelicateharmoniest oanalmostorchestralfullnessofsound,from aliquid,singingtonetoaship,percussivebrill iance.Theword"mRriad"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)noticeable(B)manR(C)loud(D)unusual036.EachonewasvirtuallRastonetown,whi chiswhRtheSpanishwouldlatercallthempu eblos,theSpanishwordfortowns.Thesepueb losrepresentoneoftheAnasazis'supreme a chievements.Atleastadozenlargestonehous estookshapebelowthebluffsofChiacoCanR oninnorthwestNewMeRico.Theword"supreme"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)mostcommon(B)mostoutstanding(C)mosteRpensive(D)mostconvenient037.TheRfunctionedassanctuarieswhereth eeldersmettoplanfestivals,performritualda nces,settle puebloaffairs,andimparttriball oretotheRoungergeneration. Theword"settle"isclosestinmeaningtowhi choffollowing?(A)sink(B)decide(C)clarifR(D)locate038.Then,toconnectthepueblosandtogivea ccesstothesurroundingtableland,thearchit ectslaidoutasRstemofpublicroadswithston estaircasesfor ascending clifffaces.Theword"ascending"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)arrivingat(B)carving(C)connecting(D)climbing039.WithinaverRshorttime,however,thein congruitRofplaRinglivelRmusictoa solem n filmbecameapparent,andfilmpianistsbeg antotakesomecareinmatchingtheirpiecest othemoodofthefilm.Theword"solemn"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)simple(B)serious(C)short(D)silent040.CertainfilmshadmusicespeciallR com posed forthem.Themostfamousoftheseear lRspecial scores wasthatcomposedandarra ngedforD.W.Griffith'sfilmBirthofaNation, whichwasreleasedin1915. Theword"composed"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)selected(B)combined(C)plaRed(D)createdTheword"scores"isclosestinmeaningtowh ichoffollowing?(A)totals(B)successes(C)musicalcompositions(D)groupsofmusicians041.TheEarth comprises threeprincipalla Rers:thedense,iron-richcore,themantlema deofsilicaterocksthataresemimoltenatdept h,andthethin,solid-surfacecrust.Theword"comprises"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)adaptsto(B)benefitsfrom(C)consistsof(D)focuseson042.Theseplatesmoveoverthesemimoltenl owermantletoproduceallofthemajortopogr aphicalfeaturesoftheEarth.Activezoneswh ere intense deformationoccursareconfined tothenarrow,interconnectingboundariesof contactoftheplates.Theword"intense"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)surface(B)sudden(C)rare(D)eRtreme043.Newoceaniccrustisformedalongoneor more margins ofeachplatebRmaterialissui ngfromdeeperlaRersoftheEarth'scrust,fore Rample,bRvolcaniceruptionsoflavaatmido ceanridges. Theword"margins"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)edges (B)peaks(C)interiors(D)distances044.Ifatsuchaspreadingcontactthetwoplates support continents,ariftisformedthatwi llgraduallRwidenandbecomefloodedbRthesea.TheAtlanticOceanformedlikethisasthe AmericanandAfro-Europeanplatesmovein oppositedirections.Theword"support"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)separate(B)create(C)reduce(D)hold045.Coincidentwithconcernsabouttheacce leratinglossofspeciesandhabitatshasbeena growing appreciation oftheimportanceof biologicaldiversitR,thenumberofspeciesin aparticularecosRstem,tothehealthoftheEa rthandhumanwell-being.Theword"appreciation"isclosestinmeanin gtowhichoffollowing?(A)ignorance(B)recognition(C)tolerance(D)forgiveness046.AnalieneRploringEarthwouldprobabl RgiveprioritRtotheplanet'sdominant,most -distinctivefeature-theocean.Humanshave a bias towardlandthatsometimesgetsinthe waRoftrulReRaminingglobalissues. Theword"bias"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing?(A)concern(B)disadvantage(C)attitude(D)prejudice047.The prevailing windsintheGreatBasin arefromthewest.Warm,moistairfromthePa cificOceanisforcedupwardasitcrossestheSi erraNevada.Theword"prevailing"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)mostfrequent(B)occasional(C)gentle(D)mostdangerous048.Thereseemtohavebeenseveralperiods withinthelasttensofthousandsofRearswhe nwater accumulated inthesebasins.Theri seandfallofthelakeswereundoubtedlRlinke dtotheadvancesandretreatsofthegreaticesh eetsthatcoveredmuchofthenorthernpartoft heNorthAmericancontinentduringthoseti mes.Theword"accumulated"isclosestinmeanin gtowhichoffollowing?(A)dried(B)flooded(C)collected(D)evaporated049.Alllivingcreature,especiallRhumanbei ngs,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverRthinga boutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual. Whatelsecanbesaidabouta bizarre animalt hat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,fee dsalmostcontinuouslRdaRandnightbutcan livewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbe poisonousbutisconsideredsupremelRedibl ebRgourmets?Thephrase"bizarre"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)odd(B)marine(C)simple(D)rare050.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whe nattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansinto thewater.Italso castsoff attachedstructure ssuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwillevis cerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedore ventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurround ingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewate rbecomestoopolluted.Thephrase"castsoff"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)growsagain(B)grabs(C)getsridof(D)usesasaweapon051.Afolkcultureissmall,isolated,cohesive, conservative,nearlRself-sufficientgroupth atis homogeneous incustomandrace,with astrongfamilRorclanstructureandhighlRd evelopedrituals.Theword"homogeneous"isclosestinmeani ngtowhichoffollowing?(A)uniform(B)general(C)primitive(D)traditional052.UnalteredfolkculturesnolongereRistin industrializedcountriessuchastheUnitedSt atesandCanada.Perhapsthenearestmodern equivalentinAnglo-AmericaistheAmish,aG ermanAmericanfarmingsectthat largelRr enounces theproductsandlaborsavingdev icesoftheindustrialage.Thephrase"largelRrenounces"isclosestin meaningtowhichoffollowing?(A)generallRrejects(B)greatlRmodifies(C)loudlRdeclares(D)oftencriticizes053.Secularinstitutions,ofcontrolsuchasth epoliceandarmRtaketheplaceofreligionan dfamilRinmaintainingorder,andamoneR-basedeconomR prevails.Becauseofthesec ontrasts,"popular"maRbeviewedasclearlR differentfrom"folk".Theword"prevails"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)dominates(B)provides(C)develops(D)invests054.Conventionalcomputermodelsoftheat mospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingsh ort-livedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontorn ado,becausetheavailableweatherdataarege nerallRnotdetailedenoughtoallowcompute rstodiscernthe subtle atmosphericchanges thatprecedethesestorms.Theword"subtle"isclosestinmeaningtowhi choffollowing?(A)compleR(B)regular(C)imagined(D)slightmunicationssatellitescantransmit dataaroundtheworldcheaplRandinstantan eouslR,andmoderncomputerscanquicklR c ompile andanalRzingthislargevolumeofw eatherinformation.Theword"compile"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)puttogether(B)lookup(C)pilehigh(D)workover056.Meteorologistsandcomputerscientists nowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogra msandvideoequipmentcapableoftransfor ming raw weatherdataintowords,sRmbols, andvividgraphicdisplaRsthatforecastersca ninterpreteasilRandquicklR. Theword"raw"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing?(A)stormR(B)inaccurate(C)uncooked(D)unprocessed057.PeopleintheUnitedStatesintheninetee nthcenturRwerehauntedbRthe prospect t hatunprecedentedchangeinthenation'seco nomRwouldbringsocialchaos.Theword"Prospect"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)regret(B)possibilitR(C)theorR(D)circumstance058.Althoughthebirthratecontinuedtodecl inefromitshighleveloftheeighteenthandear lRnineteenthcenturR,thepopulation roug hlR doubledeverRgenerationduringtheres tofthenineteenthcenturies.Asthepopulatio ngrew,itsmakeupalsochanged.Theword"roughlR"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)harshlR(B)surprisinglR(C)slowlR(D)approRimatelR059.Rapidindustrializationandincreasedg eographicmobilitRinthenineteenthcentur Rhadspecialimplicationsforwomenbecaus ethesechangestendedto magnifR social dis tinctions.AstherolesmenandwomenplaR edinsocietRbecamemorerigidlRdefined,so didtherolestheRplaRedinthehome.Theword"magnifR"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)solve(B)eRplain(C)analRze(D)increaseTheword"distinctions"isclosestinmeaning towhichoffollowing?(A)differences(B)classes(C)accomplishments(D)characteristics060.Inscience,atheorRisareasonableeRpla nationofobservedeventsthatare related.At heorRofteninvolvesanimaginarRmodeltha thelpsscientistspicturethewaRanobserved eventcouldbeproduced.Theword"related"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)connected(B)described(C)completed(D)identified061.Ifobservationsconfirmthescientists'pr edictions,thetheorRis supported. Theword"supported"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)finished(B)adjusted(C)investigated(D)upheld062.Theicetradegrewwiththegrowthofcitie s.Icewasusedinhotels,taverns,andhospital s,andbRsome forward-looking citRdeale rsinfreshmeat,freshfish,andbutter.Thephrase"forward-looking"isclosestinm eaningtowhichoffollowing?(A)progressive (B)popular(C)thriftR(D)well-established063.MakinganefficienticeboRwasnotaseasRaswemightnowsuppose.IntheearlRninet eenthcenturR,theknowledgeofthephRsicsofheat,whichwasessentialtoascienceofrefrig eration,was rudimentarR.Theword"rudimentarR"isclosestinmeani ngtowhichoffollowing?(A)growing(B)undeveloped(C)necessarR(D)uninteresting064.Asidefromperpetuatingitself,the sole purposeoftheAmericanAcademRandInstit uteofArtsandLettersisto"foster,assistands ustainaninterest"inliterature,music,andart .Theword"sole"isclosestinmeaningtowhich offollowing?(A)onlR(B)honorable(C)common(D)official065.Oneaward subsidizes apromisingAm ericanwriter'svisittoRome.Thereisevenana wardforaverRgoodworkoffictionthatfailed commerciallR-oncewonbRtheRoungJohn UpdikeforThePoorhouseFairand,morerec entlR,bRAliceWalkerforInLoveandTroubl e.Theword"subsidizes"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)assures(B)finances(C)schedules(D)publishesmitteemembership rotates everR Rear,sothatnewvoicesandopinionsarecons tantlRheard.Theword"rotates"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)alternates(B)participates(C)decides(D)meets067.Oneimportantlineofevidencecomesfro mflakingpatternsofstonecoresusedintoolm aking:implements flakedwithaclockwise motion(indicatingaright-handedtoolmake r)canbedistinguishedfromhoseflakedwitha counter-clockwiserotation(indicatingaleft-handedtoolmaker).Theword"implements"isclosestinmeaning towhichoffollowing?(A)tools(B)designs(C)eRamples(D)pieces068.Evenscratchesfoundonfossilhumante ethoffer clues.Ancienthumansarethoughtt ohavecutmeatintostripsbRholdingitbetwe entheirteethandslicingitwithstoneknives,a sdothepresent-daRInuit.Theword"clues"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing?(A)solutions(B)details(C)damage(D)information069.Thevariationbetweenthe hemispher es correspondstowhichsideofthebodRisuse dtoperformspecificactivities.Suchstudies,a swellasstudiesoftooluse,indicatethatright-orleft-sideddominanceisnoteRclusivetomo dernHomosapiens. Theword"hemispheres"isclosestinmeanin gtowhichoffollowing?(A)differences(B)sides(C)activities(D)studies070.Plantsare subjectto attackandinfectio nbRaremarkablevarietRofsRmbioticspecie sandhaveevolvedadiversearraRofmechani smsdesignedtofrustratethepotentialcoloni sts.Thephrase"subjectto"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)susceptibleto(B)classifiedbR(C)attractiveto(D)strengthenedbR071.TheeRternalsurfacesofplants,inadditi ontobeingcoveredbRanepidermisandawa RRcuticle,oftencarrRspikRhairsknownast richomes,whicheitherpreventfeedingbRin sectsormaReven puncture andkillinsectla rvae.Theword"puncture"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)pierce(B)pinch(C)surround(D)cover072.Orchidsareuniqueinhavingthemosthig hlRdevelopedofallblossoms,inwhichtheus ualmaleandfemalereproductiveorgansare f used inasinglestructurecalledthecolumn.Theword"fused"isclosestinmeaningtowhi choffollowing?(A)combined(B)hidden(C)fertilized(D)produced073.To lure theirpollinatorsfromafar,orchi dsuseappropriatelRintriguingshapes,color s,andscents.Atleast50differentaromaticco mpoundshavebeenanalRzedintheorchidfa milR,eachblendedtoattractone,oratmostaf ew,speciesofinsectsorbirds.Theword"lure"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing?(A)attract(B)recognize(C)follow(D)help074.Oncetherightinsecthasbeenattracted,s omeorchidspresentallsortsofone-waRobst aclecoursestomakesureitdoesnotleaveuntil pollenhasbeenaccuratelR placed orremove d.Theword"placed"isclosestinmeaningtowh ichoffollowing?(A)estimated(B)measured(C)deposited(D)identified075.BRsuchingeniousadaptationstospecifi cpollinators,orchidshaveavoidedthehazar dsoframpantcrossbreedinginthewild,assur ingthesurvivalofspeciesas discrete identiti es.AtthesametimetheRhavemadethemselv esirresistibletocollectors.Theword"discrete"isclosestinmeaningtow hichoffollowing?(A)complicated(B)separate(C)inoffensive(D)functional076.ThepublicschoolsRstemsuddenlRfoun ditself overtaRed.Whilethenumberofscho olchildrenrosebecauseofwartimeandpostw arconditions,thesesameconditionsmadeth eschoolsevenlesspreparedtocopewiththefl ood.Theword"overtaRed"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)wellprepared(B)plentifullRsupplied(C)heavilRburdened(D)chargedtoomuch077.Therefore,inthe1950'sand1960's,theb abRboomhitanantiquatedand inadequat e schoolsRstem.ConsequentlR,the"custodi alrhetoric"ofthe1930'sandearlR1940'snolo ngermadesense;thatis,keepingRouthsaged siRteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbRk eepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahig hprioritRforaninstitutionunabletofindspa ceandstafftoteachRoungerchildrenagedfiv etosiRteen.Theword"inadequate"isclosestinmeaning towhichoffollowing?(A)deficient(B)eRpanded(C)innovative(D)specialized078.WiththebabRboom,thefocusofeducat orsandoflaRmeninterestedineducation ine vitablR turnedtowardthelowergradesand backtobasicacademicskillsanddiscipline. 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Theword"novel"isclosestinmeaningtowhi choffollowing?(A)fictional (B)intricate(C)innovative(D)powerful083.Theself-educatedsonofaDelawarefarmer,EvansearlRbecameobsessedbRthepos sibilitiesofmechanizedproductionandsteampower.AsearlRas1802hewasusinga stati onarR steamengineofhigh-pressuredesign inhismill.EnginesofthistRpewerenotunkn own,butbeforeEvanstheRweregenerallRco nsideredimpracticalanddangerous.Theword"stationarR"isclosestinmeaningt owhichoffollowing?(A)single(B)fiRed(C)locomotive(D)modified084.Inshallowwesternriverstheweightof ve ssel andenginewasimportant;aheavRengi neaddedtotheproblemofnavigation. Theword"vessel"isclosestinmeaningtowhi choffollowing?(A)fuel(B)crew(C)cargo(D)craft085.ThekeRconcepts emerged about1957. TownesandArthurSchawlow,thenatBellTel ephoneLaboratories,wrotealongpaper outl ining theconditionsneededtoamplifRstim ulatedemissionofvisiblelightwaves.Theword"emerged"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing?(A)increased(B)concluded(C)succeeded(D)appeared。
2022年全国大学生英语竞赛试题——词汇题目(附答案)
2022年全国大学生英语竞赛试题词汇题目1. She was on her ______________ throughout the job interview because she didn’t want to say anything stupid.A. defenceB. careC. cautionD. guard2. He has been with the company for 30 years,but the management has now decided to _______________with his services.A. discardB. dispenseC. disposeD. dismiss3. To the disappointment of the whole country the national team was _________ in the first round of the international tournament.A. excludedB. eliminatedC. suspendedD. segmented4. Dr. Jones’ theory had been the orthodoxy in the field for 50 years until a young scholar _____________ every argument of the theory in a famous paper.A. confrontedB. confoundedC. refutedD. renounced5. ____________every effort has been made to ensure that the details in this brochure are correct, the company cannot accept responsibility for any late changes.A. EvenB. WhileC. NeverthelessD. Whereas6. In this part of town, people are only worried about keeping up with__________.A. the JohnsonsB. the SmithsC. the JonesesD. the Williams7. The general public depends upon television to know about world affairs but unfortunately the TV reports ____________sometimes the reality.A. misrepresentB. tamperC. disruptD. mistake8. ______________, street features such as fountains, steps and even cobbled roadways,are being excluded from our streets because of the risk of accidents.A. TechnicallyB. SurprisinglyC. FinanciallyD. Logically9. For some people, it may be __________ to remember what they have just read ____________recall where they left their car keys.A. much easier; than toB. probable; asC. better; thanD. so easy; just as10. “If you don’t mind, I’d sooner _________you your violin somewhere else,”my landlord cried.A. would practiseB. practiseC. had practisedD. practiced11.The management of the company is getting worse because the regulations are not _____________carried out.A.efficientlyB.instantlyC.effectivelyD.definitely12. ______________before we depart next weekend, we should have a wonderful dinner party with them.A.Were they to arriveC.Were they arrivingB.Would they arriveD.Had they arrived13. —Ann,how many times must I tell you not to chew gum in class?—_____________I get nervous when I m taking an exam, and it calms my nerves.—It seems to me that if you studied harder you wouldn t get so nervous. Just don t go back to biting your nails, OK?A.As you like.B.I can t help it.C.Help yourself.D.It s a piece of cake.14. —Are your printers easy to use? You see,we’ve managed without one up to now. Why are there so many knobs and buttons?— ______________In fact, they’re entirely automatic.A. Whatever you think it is.B. Sorry to disappoint you.C. They couldn’t be easier.D. It’s the cheapest one.15. —Hello, John. How’s your latest bookgoing? I mean the one you’re writing on the Loch Ness monster.—Well, _____________.—Oh dear. Why’s that?—Well, the inspiration’s there but everythingelse is wrong. One day I tire myself out with the writing and the next day I can hardly keep myself awake.A. it’s going rather slowly at presentB. I’ve nearly finished it nowC. nobody has found the monster yetD. the editor asked me to stop writing【题例答案】1--5 DBBCB6--10 CABAD11-15 CABCA。
高考英语重点词汇积累专题训练50题(含参考答案)
高考英语重点词汇积累专题训练50题含答案一、根据首字母填写单词1．Don’t i______ children’s emotional changes as they can be a sign of problems. (根据首字母单词拼写)2．As s_______, this sports meeting will be held on the playground this weekend. (根据首字母单词拼写)3．When a______ for college, you'd better figure out what you really like first. （根据首字母单词拼写）4．Mother set about doing housework d__________________she got home. (根据首字母单词拼写)5．Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if c_______ in large quantities. （根据首字母单词拼写）6．The police are trying to find out the i__________ of the men killed in the accident. 7．By age two, nearly all the kids were reported to be using smartphones—sometimes while g ________ to the TV. （根据首字母单词拼写）8．One piece of advice from the forty-year-old woman is that do not c___________ yourself with others.（根据首字母单词拼写）9．He is the s___________of person who only cares more about responsibility and less about fame. （根据首字母填空）10．Soldiers, policemen, personnel from local search and r________ office and from disaster agency along with volunteers have been involved in the work. (根据首字母单词拼写) 11．Though l________ in experience, Jack succeeded in completing the task offered by his boss by himself for the first time. (根据首字母单词拼写)12．The little boy rushed towards his mother the i________ he saw her. （根据首字母单词拼写）13．You see, there are many s________ between our school life and theirs.14．The strange woman made a deep i____________ on me.15．When a__________ the house, they found something unusual, so they stopped to have a look.16．Don’t i_________ our children when they are young, because mental health is of great importance.（根据首字母单词拼写）17．The tunes of country music are easy to sing, as o________ to some classical music whose rhythm is hard to follow. （根据首字母单词拼写）二、根据汉语意思填写单词18．Some poisonous mushrooms, if ________________(食用) mistakenly, can be deadly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)19．________ (一旦) you start a task, you must bear it through. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 20．Don't ____ (打扰) me while I am taking my nap. （根据汉语意思填空）21．The board raised a proposal that the manager________ (执行，履行)his duties yesterday. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）22．Please don't ________（犹豫）to turn to me when you have a question. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）23．Medical ___________________ (装置)urgently needed in epidemic areas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)24．I do________ (道歉) for wasting so much of your time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）25．Do not__________(评判) others, because you have not experienced in his life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)26．In nature, there are lots of __________(现象)which can't be explained now. 27．Though ________ (昂贵的), study tours, I think, are worthwhile. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)28．She has a __________(偏见)against modern music.29．China has promised not to use the nuclear weapon unless ________ (袭击) by the atom bombs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)30．As a famous politician once said, attack is the best method of ________（防御). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)31．As an old saying goes, once ________ (咬), twice shy. Cindy doesn’t want to swim again.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)32．Don't ____________ (责备) your food because you have no appetite.33．Don’t ________(抱怨) about the teacher. After all he has done a good job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)34．He gives you his full attention________(一.......就.....) you begin to speak. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）35．I can’t understand that man’s________ (心理).36．Your lights will come on the ________ (瞬间) you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）37．When __________(提醒) to attend the meeting, the manager set out immediately. 38．Food ________(中毒) occurs when you swallow food or water that contains bacteria, parasites, viruses or toxins made by these germs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)39．There’s no simple______（解决办法）to this problem.40．Tell me the _______they arrive.(瞬间) （根据汉语提示填空）41．You’ll feel pressed onto the floor when _________(逃离)the gravity of the earth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)三、根据句意填写单词42．The young lady rushed into the room ________ she heard the noise. （用适当的词填空）43．______ really surprised us was that the president sp oke at the meeting for nearly two hours without referring to his notes. (用适当的词填空)四、根据中英文提示填写单词44．There is often a great c______(庆祝) of Christmas Eve in America.45．Should the need a________ for extra staff, we will contact you. (= when necessary)（根据英文提示单词拼写）46．A________ (附在…上面）to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here. （根据汉语意思填空）参考答案：1．ignore##gnore【详解】考查动词。
人教PEP版小学五年级下册英语词汇专项测试题附答案
人教版（PEP）五年级英语下册Unit One-Unit Three词汇专项测试题说明：该份专项试题，是以课本为主，将其中所有以及可能出现的考点通过选择以及填空的形式让学生进行操练，加深记忆。
如有错误，望诸位见谅！一、选出不同类的一项（）1.A. usually B. sometimes C. today D.often （）2.A. where B. when C. why D.with （）3.A. class B. wash C. eat D.clean （）4.A. dancing B. take C. swimming D.going （）5.A. Spain B. China C. American D.rural （）6. A. morning B. day C. evening D.afternoon （）7.A. .milk B. apple C. pear D.nuts（）8.A. does B. takes C. walking D.has（）9.A. breakfast B. dinner C. drink D.lunch（）10.A. should B. hope C. can D.may（）11. A.spring B. Monday C. autumn D.summer （）12.A. snowy B. sunny C. fall D.windy （）13.A. leaf B. pink C.white D.red（）14.A. lovely B. friendly C. health D.pretty （）15.A. January B. February C. year D.December （）16.A. Easter B. China C. National Day D.Christmas（）17.A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. apples D.pear（）18.A. June B. Dec. C. Nov. D.Oct.（）19.A. dancing B. looking C. see D.watching （）20.A. at B.in C. on D.all二、英汉互译1.get up________2.在七点钟________3.在西班牙________4.上课________5.在周末________6.打扫我的房间________7.洗我的衣服________ 8.play with________9.去购物________ 10.在早上________11.吃午饭________ 12.eat breakfast________13.在家________ 14.去游泳________15.after school________ 16.去睡觉________17.at night________ 18.做早操________19.上......课________ 20.play sports________21.in the playground________ st night________23.许多大量________ 24.打篮球________25.弹钢琴________ 26.cook dinner________27.need...to...________ 28.散步________29.上舞蹈课________ 30.洗我的脸________31.擅长做某事________ 32.Saturday________33.from...to...________ 34.收集坚果________35.整天________ 36.处处，每个地方________37.look at________ 38.儿童节________39.感恩节________ 40.在夏天______41.一些葡萄________ 42.暑假________43.寒假________ 44.pick apple_______45.去野餐________ 46.堆雪人________47.种花________ 48.play in the snow________ 49.一些树叶______ 50.in the sea________51.Let’s________ 52.十二月________53.sports meet________ 54.植树节_______55. school trip_______ 56.歌咏比赛________57.在五月________ 58.在五月一日________ 59.a few________ 60.一个复活节聚会________ 61.元旦节________ 62.母亲节________63.go to the Great wall________ 64.在父亲节________65.给他写一封信________ 66.中秋节________67.look for________ 68.下个星期五________69.感恩节________ 70.because________三、根据句意及首字母提示补全句子1.W____ do you start class in Spain?---Usually at 9 o’clock.2.I often c____ my room and w____ my clothes.3.I often go s____ with my mum in the river.4.My mum w____ last night.5.I often w____ TV and p____ ping-pong with my father.6.Let me see.F____ Monday to Wednesday, usually c____ nuts in the afternoon.7.Which season do you like b____?---I l____ spring best.8.l like summer best b____ of Children's Day.9.W____ is the weather like today?10.S____ is hot and the days are long.11.W____ is white and the year is gone.12.I like spring because there are b____ flowers everywhere.13.Christmas is in s____ in Australia,so we never have snow for Christmas.14.Let's m____ a snowman.15.W____ is the summer vacation?---It’s in July and A____.16.After the meet,we have a s____ meet,we have an Easter party.17.Autumn is my f____ season.18.What will you do for your mum on M____ Day?---I’ll cook for my mother.19.When is Teachers' Day?---It's in S____.20.You have a great plan,but w____ will you do this weekend?参考答案一、1-5CDABD 6-10BACCB 11-15BCACC 16-20BDACD二、1.起床 2.at 7o’clock 3.in Spain4.start class5.on the weekend6.clean my room7.wash my clothes 8.和谁玩耍9.go shopping10.in the morning 11.eat lunch 12.吃早饭13.at home 14.go swimming 15.放学16.go to bed 17.在晚上18.do morning exercises19.have...class 20.进行体育运动21.在操场22.昨晚23.lots of 24.play basketball 25.play the piano 26.做晚饭27.需要...去... 28.go for a walk29.take a dancing class 30.wash my face 31.be good at32.星期六33.从...到... 36.everywhere 37.看38.children’s day 39.Thanksgiving Day 40.in summer 41.some grapes 42.summer vacation 43.winter vacation 44.摘苹果45.go on a picnic 46.make a snowman 47.plant flowers 48.在雪地里玩49.some leaves 50.在海里51.咱们52.December53.运动会54.Tree planting Day 55.学校旅行56.singing test 57.in May 58.on May 1st59.一点点60.an Easter party 61.New year’s Day 62.Mother’s Day 63.去长城64.on Father’s Day 65.write him a letter 66.Mid-Autumn Day 67.寻找68.next Friday 69.Thanksgiving Day 70. 因为三、1.when 2.clean，wash 3.swimming 4.worked 5.watch，play 6.from，collect 7.best，like 8.because 9.what 10.summer 11.winter 12.beautiful 13.summer 14.make 15.when ,August 16.sports 17.favourite 18.Mother’s 19.September 20.what人教版（PEP）五年级英语下册Unit four-Unit six词汇专项测试题说明：该份专项试题，是以课本为主，将其中所有以及可能出现的考点通过各种题型让学生进行操练，加深记忆。
现代汉语词汇练习题（附答案）
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.词汇（一）（一）一、填空题一、填空题1．词汇是语言的．词汇是语言的______________________________________________________，是，是，是__________________________________________________________________________________________的总汇。
的总汇。
的总汇。
2．词汇包括词和语两部分，其中“语”是指____________，它主要包括，它主要包括，它主要包括__________________、、____________、、____________、、____________等。
等。
等。
3．词汇学是．词汇学是____________________________________的科学，狭义的词汇学研究的科学，狭义的词汇学研究的科学，狭义的词汇学研究____________________________________、、________________________、、________________________、、________________________等；广义的词汇学还包括了等；广义的词汇学还包括了等；广义的词汇学还包括了____________________________________、、________________________、、________________________、、________________________等。
等。
4．研究语言词汇的一般理论的学科叫．研究语言词汇的一般理论的学科叫____________,____________,____________,研究词汇的起源和发展演变的学科叫研究词汇的起源和发展演变的学科叫研究词汇的起源和发展演变的学科叫____________,____________,研究某一时期词汇系统现象和特点的学科叫____________,____________,研究某一具体语言或方言的词汇现象和规律的研究某一具体语言或方言的词汇现象和规律的学科叫学科叫____________________________________。
(完整版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题Introduction and Chapter 1Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through theuse of _________construct.A. wordB. formC. morphemeD. root2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.A. GreekB. RomanC. ItalianD. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguisticB. grammaticalC. arbitraryD. semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.A. technicalB. artisticC. differentD. academic8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. SlangB. JargonC. Dialectal wordsD. Argot9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.A. JargonB. ArgotC. Dialectal wordsD. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD. policeman11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.A. ArgotB. SlangC. JargonD. Dialectal words12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.A. commonB. littleC. slightD. great13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.A. functionalB. notionalC. emptyD. formal15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. contentB. notionalC. emptyD. newII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _____of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, ______,etymology, stylistics,________.19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _______.nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words4)characteristics of the basic word stock.A B21 . Stability ( ) A. E-mail22. Collocbility( ) B. aught23. Jargon( ) C. por24. Argot ( ) D. upon25.Notional words( ) E. hypo26. Neologisms ( ) F. at heart27. Aliens ( ) G. man28. Semantic-loans( ) H. dip29. Archaisms ( ) I. fresh30. Empty words ( ) J. emirIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary.31. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )33. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( )35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( )37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( )39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( )V. Define the following terms.41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loansVI. Answer the following Questions46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points with examples.48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples.VII. Analyze and comment on the following.49. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion.earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.Dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece, port, shirtKey to Exercises:I. 1. A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B11.D12.A13.A14.B15.CII.16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics, lexicography19.diachronic20.vocabularyIII.21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.DIV.31. the basic word stock; productivity32. the basic word stock; collocability33.the basic word stock; argot34.nonbasic word stock; slang35. nonbasic word stock; jargon36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms39. nonbasic word stock; archaisms40. the basic word stock; polysemyV-----VI. (see the course book)VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, fiveFunctional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.50. Denizens: port, shirt,Aliens: bazaar, kowtowTranslation-loans: lama, masterpieceSemantic-loans:dream, pioneerChapter 2 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 3 Word Formation I(练习2)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which can be groupedinto the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 20002.The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______language.A. inflectedB. derivedC. developedD. analyzed3.After the _________, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in great numbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French4.The introduction of ________had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. HinduismB. ChristianityC. BuddhismD. Islamism5.In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders, many________words came into the English language.A. GreekB. RomanC. CelticD. Scandinavian6.It is estimated that at least ______ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modern English.A. 500B. 800C. 1000 .D. 9007.The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin8.By the end of the _______century , English gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, andgovernment and regained social status.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14thD.15th9.As a result , Celtic made only a ________contribution to the English vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Slovenian and _______.A. GreekB. RomanC. IndianD. Russian11.In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are derived from thedead language.A. SanskritB. LatinC. RomanD. Greek12.Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic13.The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian all belong to theItalic through an intermediate language called _______.A. SanskritB. LatinC. CelticD. Anglo-Saxon14.The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic, Danishand Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. GermanicB. Indo-EuropeanC. AlbanianD. Hellenic15.By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or social power and manyof those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10thB.11thC.12thD. 13thII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _______.17.. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of ______.18.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present _____language.19.The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be grouped into anEastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic, _______.20.It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _____ Modern English.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) origin of the words2)history off English development 3) language family.A B21. Celtic ( ) A.politics22. religious ( ) B.moon23.Scandinavian ( ) C. Persian24. French ( ) D.London25. Old English ( ) E. abbot26.Dutch ( ) F. skirt27.Middle English ( ) G. sunu28. Modern English ( ) H. lernen29. Germanic family ( ) I. freight30.Sanskrit ( ) J. NorwegianIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify types of morphemes underlined.31. earth ( ) 32.contradict ( )33. predictor ( ) 34. radios ( )35. prewar ( ) 36. happiest ( )37. antecedent ( ) 38. northward ( )38. sun ( ) 40. diction ( )V. Define the following terms.41. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stem 45.affixesVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.46. Describe the characteristics of Old English .47. Describe the characteristics of Middle English.48. Describe the characteristics of Modern English.VII. Answer the following questions with examples.49. What are the three main sources of new words ?50. How does the modern English vocabulary develop ?Key to exercises:I. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.BII.16.Old English 17. Leveled endings 18. analytic 19. Germanic te(1700-up to the present )III.21. D 22. E 23. F 24. A 25. G 26. I 27. H 28. B 29. J 30. CIV.31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound root 33. suffix 34. inflectional affix35. prefix 36. Inflectional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root40.bound rootV.-VI ( See the course book )VII. 49. The three main sources of new words are :(1)The rapid development of modern science and technology ,e.g. astrobiology, green revolution ;(2)Social , economic and political changes; e.g. Watergate, soy milk;(3)The influence of other cultures and language; e.g. felafel, Nehru Jackets.50. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: (1) creation, e.g. consideration, carefulness; (2) semantic change, e.g. Polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borrowing ;e.g. tofu, gongful.Chapter 3 The Development of the English V ocabulary and Chapter 4 Word Formation II（练习3）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A.reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes2.The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice, mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes3.The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes4.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes5.The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.A. number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes6.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A.Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames8. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames9.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes10.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames11.The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes12.The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.A.prefixes of degree or sizeB. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes13.Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames14.The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes15.The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixesII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stem. This process is also known as_____.pounding , also called ________, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems . Words formed in this way are called _________.18. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.19. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words.20 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called _______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to types of suffixation.A B21. Concrete denominal noun suffixes( ) A. priceless22. Abstract denominal noun suffixes ( ) B. downward23. Deverbal noun suffixes(denoting people.)() C. engineer24. Deverbal nouns suffixes( denoting action,etc) （） D. darken25. De-adjective noun suffixes（）Ｅviolinist26. Noun and adjective suffixes ( ) F.happiness27. Denominal adjective suffixes ( ) G. arguable28. Deverbal adjective suffixes ( ) H.dependent29. Adverb suffixes ( ) I. adulthood30. Verb suffixes ( ) J. survivalIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of clipping 2) types of acronymy and write the full terms.31.quake ( ) 32. stereo ( ) 33. flu ( ) 34. pub ( ) 35. c/o ( )36. V-day ( ) 37. TB ( ) 38. disco ( ) 39.copter ( ) 40. perm ( )V.Define the following terms .41. acronymy 42. back-formation 43. initialisms 44. prefixation 45. suffixationVI. Answer the following questions with examples.46. What are the characteristics of compounds ?47. What are the main types of blendings ?48. What are the main types of compounds ?VII. Analyze and comment on the following:49. Use the following examples to explain the types of back-formation.(1) donate ----donation emote----emotion(2) loaf—loafer beg------beggar(3) eavesdrop---eavesdropping babysit---babysitter(4) drowse—drowsy laze---lazy50. Read the following sentence and identify the types of conversion of the italicized words.(1) I’m very grateful for your help. (2) The rich must help the poor.(3)His argument contains too many ifs and buts. (4) They are better housed and clothed.(5) The photograph yellowed with age. (6) We downed a few beers.Key to exercises :1. B2. C3. A4. B5. A6.C7.B8.D9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.BII. 16. derivation position, compounds 18. Conversion 19. Blending(pormanteau) 20.clippingIII. 21.C 22. I 23. H 24. J 25.F 26.E 27.A 28.G 29.B 30.DIV.31. Front clipping, earthquake32. Back clipping, stereophonic33.Front and back clipping, influenza34.Phrase clipping, public house35. Initialisms, care of36. Acronyms, Victory Day37. Initialisms, tuberculosis38. Back clipping, discotheque39. Front clipping, helicopter40. Phrase clipping, permanent wavesV-VI. (See the course book)VII.49. There are mainly four types of back-formation.(1)From abstract nouns (2) From human nouns (3) From compound nouns and others(4) From adjectives50. (1)Verb to noun (2) Adjective to noun (3) Miscellaneous conversion to noun(4 ) Noun to verb (5) Adjective (6) Miscellaneous conversion to verbChapter 5 Word Meaning (练习4)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting2._______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context3.Sense denotes the relationships _______the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside4. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related5.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. etymologically6.Hopeless is a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically7.In the sentence ‘ He is fond of pen ’ , pen is a ______ motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically8.Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically9.Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content words have both meanings, and lexical meaning inparticular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning10._______is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the individual.A.Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocative meaningD. Affective meaning11.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards the person or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudeD. understanding12. _________ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas.A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD. Explanations13. It is noticeable that _______overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations.A.conceptual meaningB. grammatical meaningC. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning14.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in ______.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD. different words15.Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specific countryII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their ______pounds and derived words are ______ words and the meanings of many are the sum total of themorphemes combined.18._______ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.19.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their ______. In other words the history of the wordexplains the meaning of the word.20.Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of motivation 2) types of meaning.A B21. Onomotopooeic motivation ( ) A. tremble with fear22. Collocative meaning ( ) B. skinny23. Morphological motivation ( ) C. slender24. Connotative meaning ( ) D. hiss25. Semantic motivation ( ) E. laconic26. Stylistic meaning ( ) F. sun (a heavenly body)27. Etymological motivation ( ) G.airmail28. Pejorative meaning ( ) H. home29. Conceptual meaning ( ) I. horse and plug30. Appreciative meaning ( ) J. pen and awordIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of motivation 2) types of meaning.31. neigh ( ) 32. the mouth of the river ( )33. reading-lamp ( ) 34. tantalus ( )35. warm home ( ) 36. the cops ( )37. dear me ( ) 38. pigheaded ( )39. handsome boy ( ) 40. diligence ( )V.Define the following terms .41. motivation 42. grammatical meanings 43. conceptual meaning 44. associative meaning 45. affective meaningVI.Answer the following questions . Your answers should be clear and short.46. What is reference ? 47. What is concept ? 48. What is sense ?VII.Analyze and comment on the following.49. Study the following words and explain to which type of motivation they belong.50. Explain the types of associative meaning with examples.Key to exercises:I. 1. C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.CII.16. meanings 17.multi-morphemic 18.Semantic motivation 19.origins 20.associative meaningIII.21. D 22.A 23.G 24.H 25.J 26.I 27.E 28.B 29.F 30.CIV.31. Onomatopoeic motivation 32. Semantic motivation33. Morphological motivation 34. Etymological motivation35. Connotative meaning 36.Stylistic meaning37. Affective meaning 38. pejorative39. collocative meaning 40. appreciativeV-VI. See the course book.VIII.49. (1) Roar and buzz belong to onomatopoeic motivation.(2)Miniskirt and hopeless belong to morphological motivation.(3) The leg of a table and the neck of a bottle belong to semantic motivation.(4) Titanic and panic belong to etymological motivation.50. Associative meaning comprises four types:(1)Connotative meaning . It refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning,traditionally known as connotations. It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language. For example, mother , denoting a ‘female parent’, is often associated with ‘love’, ‘care’, etc..(2)Stylistic meaning. Apart feom their conceptual meanings, many words have stylistic features, whichmake them appropriate for different contexts. These distinctive features form the stylistic meanings of words . For example, pregnant, expecting, knockingup, in the club, etc., all can have the same conceptual meaning, but differ in their stylistic values.(3)Affective meaning. It indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question. Wordsthat have emotive values may fall into two categories :appreciative or pejorative. For example, famous, determined are words of positive overtones; notorious, pigheaded are of negative connotations implying disapproval, contempt or criticism.(4)Collocative meaning. It consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words,it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. For example, we say : pretty girl, pretty garden; we don’t say pretty typewriter. But sometimes there is some overlap between the collocations of the two words.Chapter 6 Sense Relations and Semantic Field (练习5)I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth and development of thesemantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondarymeanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms10.The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms11.The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected termsposition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms13.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employed in aconversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms14.From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning .The first meaning is called ______.。
词汇试题及参考答案
Ａ、昏暗
糊
Ｄ、黝黑
Ｂ、暗淡
Ｃ、模
19.从给出的几个词中选择最恰当的一个填入括号。
写。
⑴这篇文章内容还好，但是结构（
），层次不清，必须重
Ａ、杂乱
Ｂ、混乱
Ｃ、紊乱
⑵中国的封建社会（ ）了三千多年。
Ａ、持续
Ｂ、连续
Ｃ、继续
⑶人固然应该生存，但为的是进化；也不妨受苦，但为的是（ ）将 来的一切苦；更应该战斗，但为的是改革。
三、单项选择题
1.语素是（ ）
Ａ、最小的语音单位
Ｂ、最小的意义单位
Ｃ、最小的语音语义结合单位 位
Ｄ、能独立运用的最小的意义单
2.“员、祖、乡、分、妊、严”中包含的自由语素是（ ）
Ａ、乡、分、严
Ｂ、祖、分、严
Ｃ、祖、乡、分
Ｄ、员、分、妊
3.“一对花瓶”、“你说的对”、“面对未来”中三个“对”代表 （ ）
Ｃ、词、字、语素
Ｄ、语素、词、字
9.“反法西斯主义者”中的语素有（ ）
Ａ、两个
Ｂ、三个
Ｃ、四个
Ｄ、五个
10.“雄性”是（ ）
Ａ、词根加后缀
Ｂ、词根加前缀
Ｃ、并列式合成词
Ｄ、偏正式合成词
11.“龟缩”一词的构词方式是（ ）
Ａ、主谓式
Ｂ、补充式
Ｃ、偏正式
Ｄ、单纯词
12.“安培”是（ ）
Ａ、联绵词
Ｂ、译音词
缀。
（）
17.“仓猝”是双音节合成词。
（）
18.专有名词的词义没有概括性。
（）
19.词义除包括概念意义之外，还包括附属色彩。
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20.现代汉语中，多义词是多数，单义词是少数。
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1.No two leaves from the same tree are ____________.A. identicalB. originalC. analyticalD. critical2.______________ with steam engines, turbines have much higher efficiency.A. ComparedB. While comparingC. CompareD. Comparing3.His art criticism has ___________ brilliance but no substance.A. externalB. expectantC. experimentalD. exclusive4.Color-blind people often find it difficult _____________ between blue and green.A. to contrastB. to distinguishC. to separateD. to compare5.We welcome rain, but a (an) ___________ large amount of rainfall will cause floods.A. extensivelyB. speciallyC. extremelyD. constantly6.The old couple decided to __________ a boy and a girl though they had three children of theirown.A. adaptB. bringC. receiveD. adopt7.It doesn’t alter the fact that he was the man __________ for the death of little girl.A. accountingB. guiltyC. responsibleD. obliged8.If you are late again you’ll be ________ from your job.A. referredB. desertedC. omittedD. dismissed9.I think she hurt my feelings ___________ rather than by accident as she claimed.A. virtuallyB. deliberatelyC. literallyD. appropriately10.He insisted on __________ in the cheaper hotel.A. stayB. stayingC. to stayD. being stayed11.I am very _________ of all the support you gave me.A. eloquentB. appreciativeC. jealousyD. spoiled12.Would you please help me ________ the vegetables and salad? It’s half past six and ourguests will arrive soon.A. dish outB. dish upC. eat upD. seek out13.The children _________ at the end of the song.A. congratulatedB. persistedC. snappedD. applauded14.You don’t have to have this telephone in your new car; it’s a(n) _________ extra.A.alternativeB. radicalC. optionalD. abnormal15.The murderer was __________ and sent to jail.A. chargedB. convictedC. accusedD. committed16.The world famous singer soon __________ the hearts of the audience.A. conqueredB. defeatedC. masteredD. ruled17.Why do you persist in __________ interrupting me when I have repeatedly asked you to stop?A. take onB. subject toC. persist inD. submit to18.A package holiday is a holiday where a travel __________ books you travel andaccommodation for you.A. agencyB. organizationC. foundationD. company19.Our lives have changed _________ a considerable degree.A. atB. withinC. toD. by20.The idea that the earth is flat was ____________ centuries ago.A. contradictedB. refutedC. deniedD. rejected21.I don’t care when you mow the lawn. When you do it is ___________ you.A. settled byB. all forC. up toD. all by22.All office buildings must __________ with the fire and safety regulation.A. obeyB. verifyC. complyD. conform23.These college students ___________ being praised because of saving the drowned child.A. desertB. dessertC. deserveD. assert24.She was so ____________ that she wouldn’t let her husband dance with anyone else.A. suspiciousB. jealousC. patientD. doubtful25.Jane _________ her lateness to the traffic jam.A. contributedB. reflectedC. attributedD. represented26.The shy girl felt __________ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’squestions.A. amazedB. awkwardC. curiousD. amused27.People appreciate __________ with him because he has a good sense of humor.A. to workB. to have workedC. workingD. having worked.28.The weather is extraordinary _________ for the season.A. gentleB. graciousC. meekD. mild29.He hasn’t got enough to clothes on ------ look, he’s __________ with cold.A. roaringB. tremblingC. murmuringD. spitting30.Don’t leave your bicycle where it will get ___________ of pedestrians (行人).A. in the wayB. on the wayC. out of the wayD. by the way1. A2. A3. A4. B5. C6. D7. C8. D9. B 10. B 11. B12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. A 17.C 18. A 19. C 20. C21. C 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A。