(完整版)Paloalto下一代防火墙运维手册V1.1
PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品课件(一)
PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品
课件(一)
PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品课件是一种高效、先进的
网络安全方案。
它具有多种安全防护功能，可以满足企业多种需求，
是一款非常实用的网络安全工具。
下代防火墙是一种新型的网络安全防护设备，它能够通过深度分析数
据包，判断是否具有恶意代码，从而有效地防范网络攻击。
而
PaloAlto是一家领先的网络安全防护厂商，其下代防火墙产品在全球
范围内得到广泛应用。
PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品课件所提供的功能非常全面。
它可以提供实时的威胁监测和防范，有效地防范网络攻击。
此外，该解决方案还提供了先进的入侵检测和防范功能，可以对网络中的异
常流量进行监测，及时发现和解决网络安全问题。
该解决方案还提供了端点安全管理功能，可以对企业内部网络进行全
面的安全管理和控制。
同时，它还能够提供全面的应用程序管理功能，可以控制和过滤用户使用的各种应用程序，保持网络的稳定和安全。
PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品课件还支持基于身份的访
问控制，可以基于不同的用户身份进行访问控制和过滤。
这种访问控
制功能可以避免用户滥用网络资源，从而保护企业的重要信息资产。
总的来说，PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品课件是一种高效、实用的网络安全工具。
它具有多种安全防护功能，可以满足企业
各种需求，保障企业网络的平安与稳定。
在当今信息化社会，网络安
全是企业的重要问题，采用PaloAlto下代防火墙网络平安解决方案精品课件是一个非常不错的选择。
paloalto下一代防火墙技术
shape using QoS).User-ID: Enabling Applications by Users and GroupsTraditionally, security policies were applied based on IP addresses, but the increasingly dynamic nature of users and computing means that IP addresses alone have become ineffective as a mechanism for monitoring and controlling user activity. User-ID allows organizations to extend user- or group-based application enablement polices across Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X, Apple iOS, and Linux users.Many of today’s applications provide significant benefit, but are also being used as a delivery tool for modern malware and threats. Content-ID, in conjunction with App-ID, provides administrators with a two-pronged solution to protecting the network. After App-ID is used to identify and block unwanted applications, administrators can then securely enable allowed applications by blocking vulnerability exploits, modern malware, viruses, botnets, and other malware from propagating across the network, all regardless of port, protocol, or method of evasion. Rounding out the control elements that Content-ID offers is a comprehensive URL database to control web surfing and data filtering features.Application Protocol Detection / Decryption Application ProtocolDecoding Application SignatureHeuristicsDATACC # SSN FilesVulnerability ExploitsViruses SpywareContent-IDURLSWeb FilteringTHREATS10.0.0.21710.0.0.22010.0.0.23210.0.0.24210.0.0.24510.0.0.22710.0.0.23910.0.0.22110.0.0.23210.0.0.21110.0.0.209User-IDEnd Station Polling Captive PortalLogin Monitoring Role DiscoveryFinance GroupNancy I MarketingSteve I FinancePaul I EngineeringApplication Visibility View application activity in a clear , easy-to-read format. Add and remove filters to learn more about the application, its functions and who is using them.Secure Application EnablementThe seamless integration of App-ID, User-ID, and Content-ID enables organizations to establish consistent application enablement policies, down to the application function level in many cases, that go far beyond basic allow or deny. With GlobalProtect™, the same policies that protect users within the corporate headquarters are extended to all users, no matter where they are located, thereby establishing a logical perimeter for users outside of the network.Secure enablement policies begin with App-ID determining the application identity, which is then mapped to the associated user with User-ID, while traffic content is scanned for threats, files, data patterns, and web activity by Content-ID. These results are displayed in Application Command Center (ACC) where the administrator can learn, in near real-time, what is happening on the network. Then, in the policy-editor, the information viewed in ACC about applications, users, and content can be turned into appropriate security policies that block unwanted applications, while allowing and enabling others in a secure manner. Finally, any detailed analysis, reporting, or forensics can be performed, again, with applications, users, and content as the basis.Application Command Center: Knowledge is PowerApplication Command Center (ACC) graphically summarizes the log database to highlight the applications traversing the network, who is using them, and their potential security impact. ACC is dynamically updated, using the continuous traffic classification that App-ID performs; if an application changes ports or behavior , App-ID continues to see the traffic, displaying the results in ACC. New or unfamiliar applications that appear in ACC can be quickly investigated with a single click that displays a description of the application, its key features, its behavioral characteristics, and who is using it.Additional visibility into URL categories, threats, and data provides a complete and well-rounded picture of network activity. With ACC, an administrator can very quickly learn more about the traffic traversing the network and then translate that information into a more informed security policy.Policy Editor: Translating Knowledge into Secure Enablement PoliciesThe knowledge of which applications are traversing the network, who is using them, and what the potential security risks are, empowers administrators to quickly deploy application-, application function-, and port-based enablement policies in a systematic and controlled manner. Policy responses can range from open (allow), to moderate (enabling certain applications or functions, then scan, or shape, schedule, etc.), to closed (deny). Examples may include:• Protect an Oracle database by limiting access to finance groups, forcing the traffic across the standard ports, and inspecting the traffic for application vulnerabilities.• Enable only the IT group to use a fixed set of remote management applications (e.g., SSH, RDP , Telnet) across their standard ports. • Define and enforce a corporate policy that allows and inspects specific webmail and instant messaging usage but blocks their respective file transfer functions.• Allow Microsoft SharePoint Administration to be used by only the administration team, and allow access to Microsoft SharePoint Documents for all other users. • Deploy web enablement policies that that allow and scan traffic to business related web sites while blocking access to obvious non-work related web sites and “coaching” access to others through customized block pages.Unified Policy EditorA familiar look and feel enables the rapid creation and deployment of policies that control applications,users and content.• Implement QoS policies to allow the use of both bandwidth-intensive media applications and websites but limit their impact on VoIP applications.• Decrypt SSL traffic to social networking and webmail sites and scan for malware and exploits.• Allow downloads of executable files from uncategorized websites only after user acknowledgement to prevent drive-by-downloads via zero-day exploits.• Deny all traffic from specific countries or block unwanted applications such as P2P file sharing, circumventors, and external proxies.The tight integration of application control, based on users and groups, and the ability to scan the allowed traffic for a wide range of threats, allows organizations to dramatically reduce the number of policies they are deploying along with the number of employee adds, moves, and changes that may occur on a day-to-day basis.Policy Editor: Protecting Enabled Applications Securely enabling applications means allowing access to the applications, then applying specific threat prevention and file, data, or URL filtering policies. Each of the elements included in Content-ID can be configured on a per-application basis.• Intrusion Prevention System (IPS): Vulnerability protection integrates a rich set of intrusion prevention system (IPS) features to block network and application-layer vulnerabil-ity exploits, buffer overflows, DoS attacks, and port scans. • Network Antivirus: Stream-based antivirus protec-tion blocks millions of malware variants, including PDF viruses and malware hidden within compressed files or web traffic (compressed HTTP/HTTPS). Policy-based SSL decryption enables organizations to protect against malware moving across SSL encrypted applications.• URL Filtering: A fully-integrated, customizable URL filtering database allows administrators to apply granular web-browsing policies, complementing application visibility and control policies and safeguarding the enterprise from a full spectrum of legal, regulatory, and productivity risks. • File and Data Filtering: Data filtering features enable administrators to implement policies that will reduce the risks associated with file and data transfers. File transfers and downloads can be controlled by looking inside the file (as opposed to looking only at the file extension), to determine if it should be allowed or not. Executable files, typically found in drive-by downloads, can be blocked, thereby protecting the network from unseen malware propagation. Finally, data filtering features can detect, and control the flow of confidential data patterns (credit card and social security numbers).Content and Threat Visibility View URL, threat and file/data transfer activity in a clear, easy-to-read format. Add and remove filters to learn more aboutindividual elements.Modern Malware Detection and PreventionMalware has evolved to become an extensible networked application that provides attackers with unprecedented access and control inside of the targeted network. As the power of modern malware increases, it is critical that enterprises be able to detect these threats immediately, even before the threat has a defined signature. Palo Alto Networks next-generation firewalls provide organizations with a multi-faceted approach based on the direct analysisof both executable files and network traffic to protect their networks even before signatures are available.• WildFire™: Using a cloud-based approach, WildFire exposes previously unseen malicious executable files by directly observing their behavior in a secure virtualized environment. WildFire looks for malicious actions within Microsoft Windows executable files such as changing registry values or operating system files, disabling security mechanisms, or injecting code into running processes. This direct analysis quickly and accurately identifies malware even when no protection mechanism is available. The results are immediately delivered to the administrator for an appropriate response and a signature is automatically developed and delivered to all customers in the next available content update. • Behavioral Botnet Detection: App-ID classifies all traffic at the application level, thereby exposing any unknown traffic on the network, which is often an indication of malware or other threat activity. The behavioral botnet report analyzes network behavior that is indicative of a botnet infection such as repeatedly visiting malware sites, using dynamic DNS, IRC, and other potentially suspicious behaviors. The results are displayed in the form of a list of potentially infected hosts that can be investigated as possible members of a botnet.Traffic Monitoring: Analysis, Reporting and Forensics Security best practices dictate that administrators strike a balance between being proactive, continually learning and adapting to protect the corporate assets, and being reactive, investigating, analyzing, and reporting on security incidents. ACC and the policy editor can be used to proactively apply application enablement policies, while a rich set of monitoring and reporting tools provide organizations with the necessary means to analyze and report on the application, users and content flowing through the Palo Alto Networks next-generation firewall.• App-Scope: Complementing the real-time view of applica-tions and content provided by ACC, App-scope provides a dynamic, user-customizable view of application, traffic, and threat activity over time.• Reporting: Predefined reports can be used as-is, customized, or grouped together as one report in order to suit the specific requirements. All reports can be exported to CSV or PDF format and can be executed and emailed on a scheduled basis.• Logging: Real-time log filtering facilitates rapid forensic investigation into every session traversing the network. Log filter results can be exported to a CSV file or sent to a syslog server for offline archival or additional analysis.• Trace Session Tool: Accelerate forensics or incident investigation with a centralized correlated view acrossall of the logs for traffic, threats, URLs, and applications related to an individual session.。
Palo Alto Networks PA-500 下一代防火墙产品介绍说明书
HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS I/O • (8) 10/100/1000 MANAGEMENT I/O • (1) 10/100/1000 out-of-band management port, (1) RJ-45 console port STORAGE CAPACITY • 160GB HDD POWER SUPPLY (AVG/MAX POWER CONSUMPTION) • 180W (40W/75W) MAX BTU/HR • 256 INPUT VOLTAGE (INPUT FREQUENCY) • 100-240VAC (50-60Hz) MAX CURRENT CONSUMPTION • 1A@100VAC MEAN TIME BETWEEN FAILURE (MTBF) • 10.16 years
PERFORMANCE AND CAPACITIES1
Firewall throughput (App-ID enabled) Threat prevention throughput IPSec VPN throughput New sessions per second Max sessions IPSec VPN tunnels/tunnel interfaces GlobalProtect (SSL VPN) concurrent users SSL decrypt sessions SSL inbound certificates Virtual routers Security zones Max. number of policies
of port, encryption (SSL or SSH) or evasive technique employed.
• Use the application, not the port, as the basis for all safe enablement policy decisions: allow, deny, schedule, inspect, apply traffic shaping.
Paloalto NETWORKS 操作版技术手册
Paloalto NETWORKS 操作版技术手册V1.0/基本版PAN-OS 5.0.12012.12目录1.简介 (4)1.1.防火墙概述 (4)1.2.功能与优点 (4)1.3.管理方式 (5)2.入门安装 (6)2.1．设备准备 (6)2.2.初始化连接设备 (8)2.2.1.执行防火墙的初始设置： (8)3.设备管理 (12)3.1.License（许可证）安装/支持 (12)3.2.软件升级安装 (12)3.3.应用特征库等升级安装 (14)3.4.定义管理员角色 (16)3.5.创建管理帐户 (17)3.6.查看支持信息 (18)4.网络部署及配置 (19)4.1. 虚拟线路（Virtual Wires）部署 (19)4.1.1.配置虚拟线路 (20)4.2. 三层部署(路由/NAT模式) (23)4.2.1.配置三层配置 (23)4.3. 旁路Tap部署 (27)4.3.1.配置旁路部署Tap配置 (27)4.4. 虚拟路由Virtual Routers (28)4.4.1.配置静态IP路由 (28)4.4.2.配置策略路由转发PBF (29)4.5. 基于安全的保护Zone Protection (32)5.策略与安全配置 (34)5.1.源NAT 策略 (34)5.1.1.动态IP/ 端口: (34)5.1.2.动态IP: (36)5.1.3.静态IP: (37)5.2．防火墙安全策略 (38)5.2.1．策略定义细节功能 (38)5.2.2. 防火墙策略配置 (40)6.应用程序管理 (43)6.1.应用（APP-ID）功能 (43)6.2.应用（APP-ID）过滤/组 (44)7.内置数据挖掘-ACC (48)7.1.ACC工具覆盖范围 (48)7.1.1.应用分析（Application） (48)7.1.2.网址过滤（URL Filtering） (49)7.1.3.各种威胁（Threat Prevention） (49)7.1.4.数据及文件过滤 (50)7.2.ACC工具如何进一步挖掘分析 (50)8.Monitor内置数据挖掘-流量/威胁/数据日志 (53)8.1.流量/威胁/数据日志挖掘 (53)8.2.活动会话跟踪 (55)8.3.内置数据挖掘工具-内置客户报告 (55)8.1.1.自定义用户统计报告表 (55)8.1.2.系统内置统计报告表 (55)9.内置数据挖掘工具-生成AVR报告 (56)1.简介1.1.防火墙概述Palo Alto Networks 防火墙允许您对每个试图访问您网络的应用程序进行准确地标识，以此来指定安全策略。
PaloAlto下一代防火墙网络安全解决方案
对文件进行内容过滤，检测并阻止恶意文件和病毒，保护系统免受 文件感染。
应用识别与控制
应用识别
自动识别网络流量中的应用程序，包括已知和未 知的应用程序，提高安全性。
控制策略
根据应用类型、流量特征和用户身份等制定控制 策略，限制不安全和违规应用程序的使用。
流量整形
对特定应用程序的流量进行整形和优化，提高网 络性能和用户体验。
中小型企业案例
总结词
简洁易用、性价比高
详细描述
对于中小型企业而言，Palo Alto下一代防火墙提供了简洁的界面和易于配置的管理功能，使得企业在较短时间内 完成部署和配置。同时，该解决方案具备较高的性价比，能够满足中小型企业对于网络安全的需求。
政府机构案例
总结词
严格合规、高可靠性
详细描述
针对政府机构对于网络安全的高要求，Palo Alto下一代防火墙符合各类严格的安全标准和规范，确保 政府机构的数据安全和合规性。此外，该解决方案具备高可靠性，能够确保政府机构网络的稳定运行 ，减少因网络故障或安全事件造成的损失。
• 零信任网络：随着网络攻击的不断增多，零信任网络架构将成 为未来网络安全的重要方向，不信任并验证所有用户和设备， 以降低潜在的安全风险。
未来网络安全趋势与挑战
不断变化的攻击手
段
随着网络安全技术的不断发展， 攻击者也在不断演变和改进攻击 手段，使得企业网络的防护面临 持续的挑战和威胁。
数据隐私保护
06 总结与展望
Palo Alto防火墙的优势与局限性
高效性能
Palo Alto下一代防火墙采用高性能硬件和优化算法，确保在 网络流量高峰时依然能够快速处理数据包，提供稳定的网络 连接。
深度内容检测
Paloalto下一代防火墙运维手册V
P a l o a l t o下一代防火墙运维手册VDocument serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】Paloalto防火墙运维手册目录1.下一代防火墙产品简介Paloalto下一代防火墙(NGFW) 是应用层安全平台。
解决了网络复杂结构，具有强大的应用识别、威胁防范、用户识别控制、优越的性能和高中低端设备选择。
数据包处理流程图：2.查看会话可以通过查看会话是否创建以及会话详细信息来确定报文是否正常通过防火墙，如果会话已经建立，并且一直有后续报文命中刷新,基本可以排除防火墙的问题。
2.1.查看会话汇总命令：show session info举例：admin@PA-VM> show session info说明：通过以上命令可以查看到设备支持会话数的最大值，从而检查是否有负载的情况发生。
2.2.查看session ID命令：show session id XX举例：说明：从以上命令中可以看出到底是否存在非法流量，可以通过检查源地址和目的地址端口等信息2.3.条件选择查看会话命令：show session all filter source[ip]destination[ip] application[app]举例：说明：可以检查一些风险会话2.4.查看当前并发会话数命令：show session info举例：当前并发会话13个，而最大会话为262138，说明会话利用率并不高，最后一条红色标记为新建数值。
说明：了解设备当前并发会话情况2.5.会话过多处理方法命令：1、show session all（检查所有session）2、show session id XX（检查该session是否不法流量）说明：如果发现会话数大于设备可支撑的性能，需要按照以上步骤检查和清除或者防御通过第一步发现占会话总数较多的ID，通过第二步检查该ID是否存在不法app或者其他流量，通过Dos保护或者会话限制该IP数目（如果确定是攻击，可以通过安全策略屏蔽该IP地址访问）。
PaloAlto下一代防火墙网络安全解决方案
© 2010 Palo Alto Networks. Proprietary and Confidential
2.1v1.0
将各类威胁清楚呈现？
•对威胁具备高度的分析能力与全新的管理思维
Page 23 |
© 2010 Palo Alto Networks. Proprietary and Confidential.
• 按类型阻止敏感数据与文件传输
-
• 通过完全集成式URL数据库，启用网络过滤功能
-
Security Profiles
• Security Profiles 查找的是被允许流量当中恶意的软件 • Security Policies 在被允许的流量中定义的
滥用倾向 传递其他应用程序 具有已知的漏洞 传输文件 被恶意软件利用 具有规避性（逃逸）
•As of March 2010
2011 Gartner 企业防火墙市场魔力四象限
• Palo Alto Networks公司的下一 代防火墙正在领导着市场技术方 向 • Gartner指出: “Palo Alto Networks公司正在领导防火墙市 场发展方向，因为他们定义了下 一代防火墙产品标准，迫使竞争 对手改变产品路线和销售策略。 ” • Gartner的建议：在下次升级防 火墙，IPS，或者两者兼而有之 可以迁移到下一代防火墙 • Gartner的预测到2014年： • 35% 防火墙或被下一代防火墙替 代 • 60% 新采购的防火墙将是下一代 防火墙
• Palo Alto Networks 专业网络安全公司 • 具有安全和网络经验世界级的团队
-
成立在 2005
• 下一代防火墙的领导者并支持上千种应用的识别和控制
-
Paloalto下一代防火墙运维手册V1.1
Paloalto 防火墙运维手册目录1. 下一代防火墙产品简介.................................. 错误!未定义书签。
2. 查看会话.............................................. 错误! 未定义书签。
. 查看会话汇总............................................. 错误! 未定义书签。
. 查看session ID .............................................................................. 错误! 未定义书签。
. 条件选择查看会话......................................... 错误!未定义书签。
. 查看当前并发会话数....................................... 错误!未定义书签。
. 会话过多处理方法......................................... 错误!未定义书签。
3. 清除会话.............................................. 错误!未定义书签。
4. 抓包和过滤............................................ 错误!未定义书签。
5. CPU和内存查看 ........................................ 错误!未定义书签。
. 管理平台CPU和内存查看 ................................. 错误！未定义书签。
. 数据平台CPU和内存查看 ................................. 错误！未定义书签。
. 全局利用率查看........................................... 错误！未定义书签。
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Paloalto防火墙运维手册目录1.下一代防火墙产品简介 (3)2.查看会话 (4)2.1. 查看会话汇总 (4)2.2. 查看session ID (5)2.3. 条件选择查看会话 (6)2.4. 查看当前并发会话数 (6)2.5. 会话过多处理方法 (7)3.清除会话 (8)4.抓包和过滤 (8)5.CPU和内存查看 (10)5.1. 管理平台CPU和内存查看 (10)5.2. 数据平台CPU和内存查看 (12)5.3. 全局利用率查看 (13)6.Debug和Less调试 (13)6.1. 管理平台Debug/Less (13)6.2. 数据平台Debug/Less (14)6.3. 其他Debug/Less (15)7.硬件异常查看及处理 (16)7.1. 电源状态查看 (16)7.2. 风扇状态查看 (17)7.3. 设备温度查看 (17)8.日志查看 (18)8.1. 告警日志查看 (18)8.2. 配置日志查看 (19)8.3. 其他日志查看 (19)9.双机热备异常处理 (20)10.内网用户丢包排除方法 (21)10.1. 联通测试 (22)10.2. 会话查询 (22)10.3. 接口丢包查询 (22)10.4. 抓包分析 (23)11.VPN故障处理 (23)12.版本升级 (24)12.1. Software升级 (24)12.2. Dynamic升级 (25)13.恢复配置和口令 (26)13.1. 配置恢复 (26)13.2. 口令恢复 (26)14.其他运维命令 (26)14.1. 规划化配置命令 (26)14.2. 系统重启命令 (27)14.3. 查看应用状态命令 (27)14.4. 系统空间查看命令 (28)14.5. 系统进程查看命令 (28)14.6. 系统基本信息查看命令 (29)14.7. ARP查看命令 (30)14.8. 路由查看命令 (30)14.9. 安全策略查看命令 (31)14.10. NAT策略查看命令 (31)14.11. 系统服务查看命令 (32)14.12. NAT命中查看命令 (32)14.13. UserIP-Mapping查看命令 (32)15.其他故障处理 (32)9.1. 硬件故障 (32)9.2. 软件故障 (33)9.3. 接口状态查看 (33)9.4. 软件故障........................................................................................错误!未定义书签。
1.下一代防火墙产品简介Paloalto下一代防火墙(NGFW) 是应用层安全平台。
解决了网络复杂结构，具有强大的应用识别、威胁防范、用户识别控制、优越的性能和高中低端设备选择。
数据包处理流程图：2.查看会话可以通过查看会话是否创建以及会话详细信息来确定报文是否正常通过防火墙，如果会话已经建立，并且一直有后续报文命中刷新,基本可以排除防火墙的问题。
2.1.查看会话汇总命令：show session info举例：admin@PA-VM> show session info说明：通过以上命令可以查看到设备支持会话数的最大值，从而检查是否有负载的情况发生。
2.2.查看session ID命令：show session id XX举例：说明：从以上命令中可以看出到底是否存在非法流量，可以通过检查源地址和目的地址端口等信息2.3.条件选择查看会话命令：show session all filter source[ip]destination[ip] application[app]举例：说明：可以检查一些风险会话2.4.查看当前并发会话数命令：show session info举例：当前并发会话13个，而最大会话为262138，说明会话利用率并不高，最后一条红色标记为新建数值。
说明：了解设备当前并发会话情况2.5.会话过多处理方法命令：1、show session all（检查所有session）2、show session id XX（检查该session是否不法流量）说明：如果发现会话数大于设备可支撑的性能，需要按照以上步骤检查和清除或者防御通过第一步发现占会话总数较多的ID，通过第二步检查该ID是否存在不法app或者其他流量，通过Dos保护或者会话限制该IP数目（如果确定是攻击，可以通过安全策略屏蔽该IP地址访问）。
3.清除会话命令：Clear session all举例：可通过session id 、源或目的IP、源或目的端口或清除所有会话。
说明：将会话清除。
4.抓包和过滤在做debug/less或者抓包调试的时候，最好把PA的fastpath 功能关掉，这样可以更加完整的看到交互的数据报文，关闭命令为：Set deviceconfig setting session offload noSet session offload no命令：1、创建过滤规则：Debug dataplane packet-diag set filter match source y.y.y.y destination x.x.x.x2、开启过滤规则：Debug dataplane packet-diag set filter on3、配置抓包对象：Debug detaplane packet-diag set capture stage receive file x.pcap （抓取来自接口接收的报文）Debug detaplane packet-diag set capture stage transmit file x.pcap （抓取地址转换后的报文）Debug detaplane packet-diag set capture stage firewall file x.pcap （抓取经过防火墙的报文）4、全局抓包开关：Debug detaplane packet-diag set capture on5、查看全局抓包配置：Debug detaplane packet-diag show setting6、关闭抓包Debug detaplane packet-diag set capture off7、清除所有抓包内容Debug detaplane packet-diag clear all8、删除文件Delete debug-filter file x.pcap举例：说明：paloalto可以通过抓包的方式来分析故障情况。
5.CPU和内存查看5.1.管理平台CPU和内存查看命令：show system resources举例：说明：通过以上命令可以查询到数据平台的cpu使用情况和内存使用情况。
如发现CPU过高的情况，可以通过show system resources follow这个命令去检查到底是哪项应用有超负载行为：-1 可以检查哪个CPU频率高，默认为合并-M可以检查内存使用率是否过高检查异常应用是否必要使用，否则请关闭，如果不清楚需要开case 分析问题。
5.2.数据平台CPU和内存查看命令：show running resource-monitor举例：说明：通过以上命令可以查询到管理平台的cpu使用率，查看该CPU哪个应用占用的程序比较大，根据情况关闭相关应用，例如flow_lookup是检查会话是否存在进程，flow_forwarding是transmit 地址转换进程，如果不确定的情况下开case解决问题。
5.3.全局利用率查看命令：show counter global举例：说明：可以根据数据平台和管理平台综合情况，去查看具体哪个应用利用率超标，综合判断引起故障的要点。
6.Debug和Less调试在PA的debug是为了获取等多的排障详细信息，这个命令相当于show的命令，主要是查看管理平台和数据平台额外信息从而判断问题的根本原因。
Less为管理和数据平台log日志的查看，对比起GUI使用CLI 的less能看到更多的详细数据交互信息，从而判断问题的根本原因。
6.1.管理平台Debug/Less命令：less mp-log /tail follow yes mp-log举例：说明：查看管理平台日志信息可以通过辅助命令去实现：tail follow yes mp-log authd.log使用tail可以实时发现流量情况，例如该命令为查看管理平台的认证情况。
6.2.数据平台Debug/Less命令：debug dataplane举例：说明：使用debug dataplane可以查看数据平台流量，例如内存的详细使用情况等。
6.3.其他Debug/Less命令：debug ike global on debug（查看VPN ike 信息）less mp-log ikemgr.log（查看VPN ike 日志信息）举例：说明：查看VPNike交互过程，可以通过tail follow yes的方式实时查看数据报文的交互。
命令：debug log-receiver statistics（查看日志情况）less mp-log logrcvr.log （查看日志缓存情况）举例：说明：可以通过该命令来检查日志工作情况。
7.硬件异常查看及处理7.1.电源状态查看命令：show system environmentals power举例：说明：当Alarm列为True时，表示电源状态异常，此时需要检查供电设施（如机柜电源及电源插排）是否正常供电，在确认供电正常，防火墙电源仍然异常时，可以生成诊断信息文件，提供给PaloAlto厂商case处理，以确认电源模块是否故障或损坏。
7.2.风扇状态查看命令：show system environmentals fans举例：说明：当Alarm为True时，表示风扇状态异常。
RPMs为False时，表示风扇不转。
此时需到现场检查设备风扇是否转动（用手放在风扇后面，看是否能感受到风）。
如果风扇不转，则需要对其进行更换。
7.3.设备温度查看命令：show system environmentals thermal举例：说明：当Alarm为True时，表示温度状态异常。
异常时需要确定机房温度是否过高，或者散热系统是否受阻。
8.日志查看8.1.告警日志查看命令：show log alarm举例：说明：告警可以根据属性筛选如开始时间或者结束时间等等8.2.配置日志查看命令：show log config举例：说明：可以通过条件选择来筛选需要的配置日志信息8.3.其他日志查看命令：show log举例：说明：使用该命令可以查看到系统日志、流量日志、野火日志等9.双机热备异常处理命令：show high-availability state（查询防火墙HA双机状态）show high-availability all（查询完整的HA信息）show high-availability state-synchronization（询HA同步信息）request high-availability state suspend（手工切换防火墙HA状态，运行此命令的防火墙将会从Active/Passive状态切换为暂停状态）request high-availability state functional（手工恢复防火墙HA状态）举例：说明：由于PaloAlto采用将管理平台和数据转发平台分离的硬件结构，因此Palo Alto的HA同步方式也采用管理平台和数据转发平台之间单独同步。