《科技英语文献阅读与翻译》Unit 1-TextB教学文稿
科技英语翻译文稿[五篇范例]
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科技英语翻译文稿[五篇范例]第一篇：科技英语翻译文稿Wireless Network Accurately and Inexpensively MonitorsPatients' Breathing无线网络事实上是廉价地监控着病人的呼吸状况。
A couple years ago we saw wireless technology that would allow us to see through walls.Now,几年以前我们就可以看到无线网络可以让我们看到“墙外的东西”。
现在，来自犹他州州立thesame team of researchers, from the University of Utah, is putting that motion detection大学的同一个技术团队正在把移动式检测技术technology to work monitoring breathing patterns.So not only can the network see through your 运用到检测病人的呼吸状况上因此通过网络不仅可以远程观察病人的现状，它甚至可以听到bedroom wall, it can hear you breathing.Less sinisterly, the system could help doctors keep你的呼吸。
这个系统可以帮助医生更好的监控患者睡眠时的呼吸暂停事件，急救病人或婴儿 better track of patients with sleepapnea, surgery patients or babies at risk for sudden infant 的发生突然猝死危险性就变得更低了。
death syndrome.Team leader Neal Patwari demonstrated the system by lying in a hospital bed surrounded by这个团队的带头人尼尔帕特维尔躺在一家医院的病床上，周围布置了20个工作频率为2.4G 20 wireless transceivers operating at a frequency of 2.4 gigahertz.He timed his breathing to be赫兹的无线电收发器以演示这个监控系统的工作状况。
section2--1-4科技英语阅读与翻译教程文件
section2--1-4科技英语阅读与翻译教程文件s e c t i o n2--1-4科技英语阅读与翻译1 Monograph专著1. The general definition of a monographScientific treatises of book length but otherwise variable format prepared by acknowledged experts onspecialized topics for the benefit of others who have specialized in. or who wish to obtain a specialist'sappreciation of, these topics.2. The value of monographs for scientific researchesThe value of monographs lies in the coherence and comprehensiveness of the information and knowledge they contain, which is important to the specialized researchers to whom they are directed and, therefore, to theadvancement of science and engineering generally.3. The qualities of the authors of monographsThe authors of monographs should have exceptional breadth and depth of knowledge, and must be able tocollect, collate, analyze, integrate, and synthesize all relevant contributions to the archival literature of thescientific and engineering journals and to add original material as required.4. The differences between monographs and books of conference proceedings Monographs generally are written by specialists for the benefit of other specialists. Textbooks are pedagogicalworks which, even if written on fairly narrow subjects, aredesigned to serve broader and more juniorreaderships than specialized research communities.5. The differences between monographs and books of conference proceedings Conference papers commonly take the form of premature announcements of new scientific discoveries.Conference proceedings generally have a short shelf life.6. The main components of a monographThe author, title and subtitle, date of publication, dust cover or blurb, content pages, bibliography and index,illustrations, preface and introduction.7. An indication of the book’s su ccessThe number of editions is an indication of the book’s success.8. The function of the blurbIt gives the reader a rapid overview of the contents and approach. It might also say what the book contains and for whom it is written.2 Academic Journal学术期刊1. The general definition of an academic journalAn academic journal is a peer-reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academicdiscipline is published.2. The significance of peer-review processThe peer-review process is considered critical to establishinga reliable body of research and knowledge.3. The definition of review articlesReview articles, also called “reviews of progress”, are checks on the research published in journals.4. One difference between original research articles and review articlesUnlike original research articles, review articles tend to be solicited submissions, sometimes planned years inadvance.5. The places where science journals are authoritatively rankedNatural science journals are categorized and ranked in the Science Citation Index, and social science journalsin the Social Science Citation Index.6. The possible quantitative factors to reflect an academic journal’s prestigeThe number of later articles citing articles already published in the journal, the overall number of citations,how quickly articles are cited, and the average “half-life” of articles.7. The financial resources of humanities and social science academic journals Subsidies by universities or professional organizations and advertising fees by advertisers.8. The role of internet in the production of, and access to, academic journalsThe Internet has revolutionized the production of, and access to, academic journals, with their contentsavailable online via services subscribed to by academic libraries or even in a way of open access.33 Organization of a Scientific Paper科技论文的篇章结构1. In most scientific journals, scientific papers include the following sections Summary or Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments.2. The content of Summary or AbstractIt gives a brief background to the topic, describes conciselythe major findings of the paper, and relates thesefindings to the field of study.3. The Introduction section deals with the following two pointsIt describes first the accepted state of knowledge in a specialized field; then it focuses more specifically on a particular aspect, usually describing a finding or set of findings that led directly to the work described in the paper.4. The purpose of Materials and MethodsIts purpose is to describe the materials used in the experiments and the methods by which the experiments were carried out.5. The two ways of organizing ResultsIn some papers, the results are presented without extensive discussion, which is reserved for the followingsection. In other papers, results are given, and then they are interpreted, perhaps taken together with otherfindings not in the paper, so as to give the logical basis for later experiments.6. The purposes of the Discussion sectionThe data in the paper are interpreted; the findings of the paper are related to other findings in the field; thisserves to show how the findings contribute to knowledge, or correct the errors of previous work; some of thelogical arguments are often provided when it is necessary to clarify why later experiments were earned out.7. The reason for combining the Results and DiscussionBecause the data need extensive discussion to allow the reader to follow the train of logic developed in thecourse of the research.8. The difference between the abstracts in Science and those in NatureIn Science, the abstract is self-contained; in Nature, the abstract also serves as a brief introduction to the paper.4 Reading a Scientific Paper科技论文的阅读方法1. The order to understand the major points of the work, you should first read The Abstract.2. Reading the Title and the Abstract serves three purposesFirst, it clarifies whether you in fact know enough background to appreciate the paper. Second, it refreshes your memory about the topic. Third, it helps you integrate the new information into your previous knowledgeabout the topic.3. When reading in a familiar field, you can skim or even skipThe Introduction.4. The three typical codewordsData not shown, unpublished data, preliminary data.5. The poorly written papers are often related to three types of writersThose who are poor writers; those who do not enjoy writing, and do not take the time or effort to ensure thatthe prose is dear and logical; those who are so familiar with the material that it is difficult to step back and seeit from the point of view of a reader not familiar with the topic.6. The t hree characteristics of “bad writing”First, the logical connections are often left out. Second, papers are often cluttered with a great deal of jargon.Third, the authors often do not provide a clear roadmapthrough the paper.7. In better writing, the side issues are dealt with in the following waysThey are relegated to Figure legends or Materials and Methods or clearly identified as side issues, so as not to distract the reader.8. Another problem faced by the readers is that when they seek to understand just the experiment was,they may findThe authors refer back to previous papers; these refer in turn to previous papers m a long chain.。
大学科技英语课文翻译Unit 1-7
Unit1 Text A 石油1油，和煤一样，存在于沉积岩中，而且可能由死去很长时间的生物有机体形成。
含有石油的岩石几乎都来源于海洋，所以形成石油的有机物一定是海洋生物，而不是树木。
2 石油，并不是来自于逐渐积聚的木质物质，而可能是来自于逐渐积聚的海洋生物的脂肪物质。
比如浮游生物：大量浮游在海水表层的单细胞生物。
3 有机物的脂肪物质主要由碳氢原子组成，因此并不需要太多的化学变化就可以形成石油。
生物有机体只需在缺氧的条件下沉积到海湾浅水处的淤泥里。
其脂肪不是分解腐烂，而是逐渐积聚，并在深层的淤泥里圈闭起来，进而经过细微的原子重组，最终形成石油。
4 油比水轻，呈液态，会经由上方覆盖的孔隙性岩石向上渗透，在地球上有些地区到达表层，古人将这些表层石油称为沥青、柏油或异庚烷。
在古代和中世纪，这些石油油苗常被看作药品而不是燃料。
5 当然，表层的油苗数量很少。
而石油油藏上方有时覆盖的是非孔隙性岩石。
石油向上渗透抵达该岩石，然后在岩石下方逐渐积聚形成油层。
若在上方的岩石上钻个孔，石油就可以通过该孔向上迁移。
有时压力过大，石油会向高空喷出。
1859年在宾夕法尼亚州，由埃德温·德雷克成功打出第一口井。
6 如果可以发现一个合适的地点（勘探人员已经识别出地下可能圈闭有石油的地层结构），那么就很容易抽取这一液体燃料，这要比派人到地下把大块的固体煤炭砍成小块要容易得多。
而且一旦获得石油，可以通过地上管道运输，而不必像煤一样，由运货车经过繁重的装卸任务来运输。
7 石油便于抽取，易于运输，促进了石油的应用。
石油可以蒸馏成不同的馏分，每种馏分均由特定大小的分子组成，分子越小，该馏分就越容易蒸发。
8 到19世纪下半叶，最重要的石油馏分是由中等大小的分子构成的煤油，它不易蒸发，被用于照明。
9 然而，到19世纪末人们研制出了内燃机。
内燃机是通过在汽缸里将空气与可燃气体混合，产生爆炸来提供动力的。
最便利的可燃气体是汽油——石油的又一馏分，由小分子构成，容易蒸发。
21世纪科技英语Unite1 textB翻译
1-2 美国政府计划推出一个重大机构间主动培育，纳米技术称为爆炸性增长的科学兴趣的行为的材料在纳米尺度。
国家科学基金会（基金会），它支持大多数大学的研究，在纳米科学和有可能导致倡议，报告说，它可以基金只有13%的拨款申请，它接收到的领域，而40%的成功率在许多学科在办事处。
3 资金竞争领域中是“绝对凶残，”斯坦说，威廉姆斯，头的基础研究在惠普和积极支持的倡议。
威廉姆斯喜欢的纳米技术纳米技术因为后者已成为柏油的幻想的索赔代表它。
4 “问题是，纳米技术已经过头了，”他说，“我们没有恐惧与厌恶，有些人认为，联想长期愿景的一个厂安置在一个火柴盒。
5 相反，越来越多的认识材料在纳米尺度，在尺寸可比的长度个别分子，可能是把大型产品和过程。
”这是不需要的小东西，它可能是在汽车，”解释克罗可的国家科学基金会的工程，谁主持一个机构间工作组，正在规划的倡议。
”利用纳米技术是非常广泛的，但所有领域，它使用相同的工具和方法。
”6 也许最壮观的应用迄今使用巨磁电阻在1988发现。
在读取头的计算机磁盘驱动器。
相关现象的隧道磁阻不久将允许生产的快速和紧凑的随机存取存储器计算机。
7 但是，正如威廉姆斯指出的，迫在眉睫的纳米技术的应用远远超出了计算机行业。
柯达，他说，发展纳米颗粒称为“染色精”-一个跨之间的粉末颜料和染料分子在印刷图像使用。
轮胎制造商计划和纳米粘土与橡胶轮胎，收尾的聚合物分子和大大延长轮胎的使用寿命。
而五分之四的可能的药物疗法，不可测试的患者因为它们是不溶于水，能产生纳米粒子在水中悬浮，并可能因此成为可行的治疗候选人。
8 所有这种潜力是吸引注意在华盛顿，在支持研究倡议越来越多。
在年度预算准则分发给机构可能，杰克卢主任，管理和预算办公室在白宫，尼尔巷，主任办公室的科学和技术政策，确定纳米技术作为一种成熟的特殊机构间关注。
上月，听证会在众议院和参议院概述了潜在的领域。
9 这一切指向重大加入纳米技术倡议的预算提案的2001财年，，克林顿总统向国会明年二月。
研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译(1、2、4、8、10)
Unit 1 Genetically modified foods -- Feed the World?If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic of genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions -- and vocal green lobbies -- the idea seems against nature.如果你想在某次晚宴上挑起一场激烈的争论，那就提出转基因食品的话题吧。
对许多人来说，高科技的转基因作物生产的概念会带来诸如环境、健康、安全和伦理等方面的各种问题。
特别是在有悠久的农业生产传统和主张环保的游说集团的国家里，转基因食品的主意似乎有悖自然。
In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the US last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic is out of the bottle.事实上，转基因食品已经成为我们生活重要的一部分。
《科技英语文献阅读与翻译》Unit-1-TextA
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Unit One
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约翰·冯·诺依曼 (1903-1957)
匈牙利裔美国数学家, 普林斯顿大学和普林斯顿 高等研究所教授,曾任研制原子弹的顾问，并参 加研制计算机,被称为计算机之父,1954年成为 美国原子能委员会委员.作为二十世纪最杰出的 数学家之一, 他在数理逻辑, 测度论, 格论和连 续几何学方面都有开创性的成果;在博弈论和控 制论,力学,经济学和计算机研制等领域做出了杰 出的贡献. 他同莫根·施特恩合作，写出《博弈 论和经济行为》(Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, 1947)一书，这是博弈论
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it One
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博弈论
博弈论有时也称为对策论是应用数 学的一个分支, 是研究具有斗争或竞 争性质现象的数学理论和方法,也是 运筹学的一个重要学科。目前在社 会学,生物学，经济学，国际关系， 计算机科学, 政治学，军事战略和其 他很多学科都有广泛的应用。
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Unit One
Princeton has traditionally focused on undergraduate education and academic research, it now offers a large number of top-rated professional Master's degrees and PhD programs in a range of subjects.
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Princeton
Princeton is a city in Green Lake County, NJ, United States.
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科技英语论文阅读及翻译PPT课件
科技英语论文
论文摘要（abstract）
摘要有长有短，通常为100～150 个词左右，约为原文长度的1%～ 5%。
美国有些高校规定，硕士论文提要以 250词为宜，博士论文以350词为宜。
论文摘要（abstract）
简明扼要，通常只有一段话。 主要内容： 研究目的：该研究的背景、重要性 完成的工作：方案选择、研究内容、关 键技术、 主要成果及其意义：重要的关键性的结 果，结论性的意见
Key words : hybrid electric vehicle petroleum substitution Battery
论文内容本身（text）
1）引言（introduction） 简要介绍文章的主题、目的和背景，有
关本项研究的目前状况、存在的问题， 本文解决了什么问题，取得的结果及其 意义。
论文摘要（abstract）
摘要的语言结构：
谓语动词简单而句子的其余成分却十分复杂 大量使用be和have的变化形式做谓语动词 大量使用被动句
描述自己的工作时态用过去时或完成时，但 陈述理论或事实要用现在时。
研究目的、研究对象 This paper presents
/discusses/ studies/ deals with/ investigates This paper presents an analysis of principles of magnetic refrigeration with application to air conditioning. A comparison with conventional evaporation-condensation gas cycle device is presented. Conclusions concerning the applicability of magnetic refrigeration to air conditioning are made.
科技英语阅读与翻译
第1章 科技英汉翻译基础
⑤用多种方式表达数字及否定； e.g. The temperature at the sun’s center is as high as 10,000,000℃.
太阳中心的温度高达1千万摄氏度。 The voltage has dropped five times.
电压降低了五分之四。[减少/降低了N分之(N-1)] The object did not move because I pushed it. 不是因为我推它，该物体才移动。(否定转移) There is nothing like mineral water to quench one’s thirst.
第1章 科技英汉翻译基础
①大量使用名词化结构；
e.g.
Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.
电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。
During the two and half-hour talk, the two sides
the world today. Worldwide,哥。
the number of large cities 目前，世界人口总数为69.09亿，
will multiply.
其中只有12.37亿人生活在较发达地区。
Exercise
Now 26 cities have 5 million or more residents each and a combined population of 252 million. By the end of the decade, the number will escalate to 60, with an estimated total of almost 650 million people. Ray of hope: The world population now is growing by 1.8 percent a year; by 2000, the rate is expected to drop to 1.6 percent as individual women have fewer children in their lifetime.
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cryptography
Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security such as confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication.
Hash functions are employed in symmetric and asymmetric encryption systems and are used to calculate a fingerprint/imprint of a message or document.
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Unit One
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Text B Digital Signature in Applied Cryptography
hash function and hash value
When hashing a message, the message is converted into a short bit string--a hash value-and it is impossible to re-establish the original message from the hash value.
A hash value is unique in the sense that two messages cannot result in the same bit string, and any attempt to make changes to the message will negate the value and thus the signature.
Hash Function is an algorithm that transforms a string of characters into a usually shorter value of a fixed length or a key that represents the original value. This is called the hash value.
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Text B Digital Signature in Applied Cryptography
digital cash
Digital cash is a digitally signed payment message that serves as a medium of exchange. Digital cash is a system of purchasing cash credits in relatively small amounts, storing the credits in your computer, and then spending them when making electronic purchases over the Internet.
private key
It is the key for use with asymmetric encryption that is accessible to the key holder only. Asymmetric encryption uses different keys for encryption and decryption. Each participant is assigned a pair of keys, consisting of an encryption key and a corresponding decryption key.
As the Internet and other forms of electronic communication become more prevalent, electronic security is also becoming increasingly important. Cryptography is used to protect e-mail messages, credit card information, and corporate data.
The public key can be certified using an electronic certificate issued and signed by a certification authority.
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Text B Digital Signature in Applied Cryptography
A private key is used for generating digital signatures and for decrypting data.
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Text B Digital Signature in Applied Cryptography
hash function and ha One
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Text B Digital Signature in Applied Cryptography
public key
It is the key for use with public key encryption methods that is publicly made available. It is published by the key holder or the issuing certification authority. The certification authority’s directory server can distribute it by disk, web download or e-mail.