商务英语翻译---英汉翻译中词义的引申共19页文档
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商务英语翻译unit7.词义的引申翻译法.
Example(P65)
1.The EEC's Common Agriltural policy is a dinosaur which s adding ￡13.50 a week to thefood bill of he average British family. 欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜了，它要使 英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.0英镑 2.These days,the U.S.economy isn't‘‘graduating enough scientiststo fill the need ofthe coming decades,"fret Charles C. Leighton,"that's a really concern." 近来，美国经''未培养出足够的科学家来满足几十年发展 的需要，''查尔斯C 莱顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注 的问题。”
Please don’t wake a sleeping dog. 请不要惹是生非
抽象→具体
将词义具体化引申是指，勇代表抽象概念或属性 的词来表达一种具体事物时，用具体化的事物来 表达，还其具体的本来面目。使读者一目了然
• He is the admiration of the whole school。 • 他是全校所敬佩的人。 • The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green. • 我前头的那辆车停住了，我错过了绿灯
2.In fact, one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out. 事实上，一个模子生产成千上万件产品之后 才会破坏。
商务英语翻译1
修辞引申(Rhetorical Extension)
Every time I come back from a business trip it makes a new man of me.
修辞引申(Rhetorical Extension)
And now for the good news: Stockholm residents enjoy sunbathing in November. Antarctic tourism is booming. Siberia has become the world’s breadbasket.
形容词的转译
The bill of lading is to be made out to order and blank endorsed. The new contract would be good for ten years. We hope that you will take your commercial reputation into account seriously and open the L／C at once; otherwise you will be responsible for all the losses arising as a result of your failure to do so．
名词的转换
In reply，we have the pleasure of informing you that the confirmed， irrevocable letter of credit No．7634， amounting to $ 17 000，has been opened this morning through the Commercial Bank，Tokyo. For the time being，therefore， we regret our inability to accept D／A terms in all transactions with our buyers abroad．
商务英语翻译 之 词汇的翻译.txt
商务英语翻译之词汇翻译一：词义的选择（Choice of Meanings）（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义1. a low figure 小数目2.workers on low incomes 低收入工人3.The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high.生意成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。
4.The value of the pound has fallen to a new low against the dollar.英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的（最）低点5.We sell cheap quality goods.我们销售的商品物美价廉6.We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.我方已按很低的价格向贵方报盘。
7.You will find our prices for these goods very popular.贵方将会看出我方此批货物的价格是很便宜的。
8. Please make us your lowest quotation for bikes.请报自行车最低价。
9.If you feel interested in our business proposal, please send us the samples togetherwith your best terms and conditions.如对我方业务建议有兴趣，请寄样品，并告最惠条款。
10.As we have quoted you our rock-bottom price, we can’t give you any more discount.我方已报最低价，折扣不能再多给了（二）根据词性确定词义1. He gets a 10% commission on everything he sells.他每卖一件商品得百分之十的佣金2. Party B is commissioned by the manufacturers to buy steel plates.乙方受制造厂家的委托购买钢板。
英汉翻译中词义的引申
7.0 何谓引申
定义：引申法，就是根据上下文的内在联 系，通过句中词或词组乃至整句的字面意 义由表及里，运用一些符合汉语习惯的表 达法，选用确切的汉语词句，将原文内容 的实质准确地表达出来。
分类：逻辑引申；语用引申；修辞引申； 概念范围的调整
7.1逻辑引申
逻辑引申：是指在翻译的过程中，由 于直译某个词、短语乃至整个句子会 使译文不通顺以及不符合目的语的表 达习惯，因而就要根据上下文的逻辑 关系，对该词、短语或整个句子从其 本义出发，由表及里，运用符合目的 语习惯的表现法，选用确切的词句， 将原文内容的实质准确地表达出来。
→beautiful tyrant 美丽的暴君
a damned saint 横行的圣人
oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）
它是用两个意思正好相反的词或词组来构成一个 修辞格，其作用是揭示一件事物的矛盾性，同时 也是造成一种出人意外的、引人入胜的效果。
翻译时，它有时需要直译，有时则需要注意词意 的选择和引申，还要照顾汉语习惯 。
7.4 概念范围的调整
词的概念范围常常应在具体的语境中加以调整，或扩大外 延而缩小内涵，或缩小外延而丰富内涵。
Peoty suffers in translation—and the reader suffers with it.
诗歌经过翻译就要遭殃—诗歌遭殃，读者就要跟着受罪。 Torcello, which used to be lonely as a cloud, has
第七章 英汉翻译中词义的 引申
逻辑引申 语用引申 修辞引申 概念范围的调整
具体→抽象 turn thumbs down on
sth 反对
put one’s cards on the table
商务英语翻译6 .2 词义选择和延伸 共25页
例4 City domestic sewage and industrial sewage treatment have gotten more and more attention in this country. （搭配：污水） 城市生活污水和工业污水的处理已经越来越引起人们 的广泛关注。
6.2 词义的引申
例2 This is a new type of aircraft meter，Electronic Percent Turnmeter for aircraft engines. 这是一种新型的航空仪表：航空发动机电子转速表。（专 业：航空）
例3 Music and meter are closely connected. 音乐和节拍紧密相连。（专业：音乐）
例3 There is too much deposit in a bottle of wine.
酒瓶里沉淀物太多。（语境：酒瓶）
6.1.2 根据上下文选择词义
例4 We have found a promising iron deposit. 我们已经发现了一个有开采价值的铁矿床。（语境：铁矿）
你看，南韩产的主板，单价只有190美元，比你方报价要 低得多，而他们的质量和你方的一样好。
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
5. Should the letter of credit fail to reach the purchaser before the stipulated date, the contract shall be considered as null and void. 要是买方在规定日期内不开来信用证，本合同即作无效论。
例2 But domestic companies can make things much more cheaply, and their quality is improving. （搭配：公司） 但是国内的企业的产品更为廉价，而且它们的质量也 在提升。
6.2 词义的引申
例2 This is a new type of aircraft meter，Electronic Percent Turnmeter for aircraft engines. 这是一种新型的航空仪表：航空发动机电子转速表。（专 业：航空）
例3 Music and meter are closely connected. 音乐和节拍紧密相连。（专业：音乐）
例3 There is too much deposit in a bottle of wine.
酒瓶里沉淀物太多。（语境：酒瓶）
6.1.2 根据上下文选择词义
例4 We have found a promising iron deposit. 我们已经发现了一个有开采价值的铁矿床。（语境：铁矿）
你看，南韩产的主板，单价只有190美元，比你方报价要 低得多，而他们的质量和你方的一样好。
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
5. Should the letter of credit fail to reach the purchaser before the stipulated date, the contract shall be considered as null and void. 要是买方在规定日期内不开来信用证，本合同即作无效论。
例2 But domestic companies can make things much more cheaply, and their quality is improving. （搭配：公司） 但是国内的企业的产品更为廉价，而且它们的质量也 在提升。
翻译技巧——词义引申法
பைடு நூலகம்
4.物类概念 物类概念
形象特征化引申
In fact, the Bavarian environment was so charged with Nazi sentiment throughout the 1920s that Hitler's storm troops goosestpped into power in Furth in1930…
词义引申法的 分类与特征
(categories & features) )
1.模糊形象表达 模糊形象表达
具体形象化引申
The fields ….. stretched themselves in their long winter sleep. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸展自己.? 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸展自己 伸展自己. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸伸脚. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸伸脚. 伸伸脚
原文: 原文: Again remarkably, and despite those limitations, the agency's ranks contained many highly-qualified, dedicated professionals. But inevitably there were others. The unsuccessful. The soured and alienated who preferred comparative solitude to meeting many people. The dedicated self-protectors, avoiding difficult decisions. Alcoholics. The unbalanced. (–Arthur Hailey: Strong Medicine) V1: 当然,尽管有上述不利,该局的雇员中仍引人注目地包 当然,尽管有上述不利, 括许多水平很高,但也不可避免地良莠混杂, 括许多水平很高,但也不可避免地良莠混杂,好些没混出名 堂的人, 堂的人,那些宁愿图个清静而不愿多接触人的失意者和落魄 那些很会保护自己,不愿作出困难决策的人, 者,那些很会保护自己,不愿作出困难决策的人,嗜酒成性 的人,以及神经不健全的人,混迹其间. 艾平等译) 的人,以及神经不健全的人,混迹其间.(艾平等译) V2: 尽管有上述那些不利条件,奇怪的是,这机构里确有不 尽管有上述那些不利条件 奇怪的是, 条件, 少业务精湛,忠于事业的专门人才.但是其他的人也必然存 少业务精湛,忠于事业的专门人才. 有不得志的,有失意的,有宁可离群索居的, 在.有不得志的,有失意的,有宁可离群索居的,有一心保 住自己,只求避免作出困难抉择的,有好酒贪杯的, 住自己,只求避免作出困难抉择的,有好酒贪杯的,有入不 敷出的.(王岱等译) .(王岱等译 敷出的.(王岱等译
4.物类概念 物类概念
形象特征化引申
In fact, the Bavarian environment was so charged with Nazi sentiment throughout the 1920s that Hitler's storm troops goosestpped into power in Furth in1930…
词义引申法的 分类与特征
(categories & features) )
1.模糊形象表达 模糊形象表达
具体形象化引申
The fields ….. stretched themselves in their long winter sleep. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸展自己.? 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸展自己 伸展自己. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸伸脚. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸伸脚. 伸伸脚
原文: 原文: Again remarkably, and despite those limitations, the agency's ranks contained many highly-qualified, dedicated professionals. But inevitably there were others. The unsuccessful. The soured and alienated who preferred comparative solitude to meeting many people. The dedicated self-protectors, avoiding difficult decisions. Alcoholics. The unbalanced. (–Arthur Hailey: Strong Medicine) V1: 当然,尽管有上述不利,该局的雇员中仍引人注目地包 当然,尽管有上述不利, 括许多水平很高,但也不可避免地良莠混杂, 括许多水平很高,但也不可避免地良莠混杂,好些没混出名 堂的人, 堂的人,那些宁愿图个清静而不愿多接触人的失意者和落魄 那些很会保护自己,不愿作出困难决策的人, 者,那些很会保护自己,不愿作出困难决策的人,嗜酒成性 的人,以及神经不健全的人,混迹其间. 艾平等译) 的人,以及神经不健全的人,混迹其间.(艾平等译) V2: 尽管有上述那些不利条件,奇怪的是,这机构里确有不 尽管有上述那些不利条件 奇怪的是, 条件, 少业务精湛,忠于事业的专门人才.但是其他的人也必然存 少业务精湛,忠于事业的专门人才. 有不得志的,有失意的,有宁可离群索居的, 在.有不得志的,有失意的,有宁可离群索居的,有一心保 住自己,只求避免作出困难抉择的,有好酒贪杯的, 住自己,只求避免作出困难抉择的,有好酒贪杯的,有入不 敷出的.(王岱等译) .(王岱等译 敷出的.(王岱等译
chapter 7 英汉翻译中的词义引申PPT课件
义,它往往与字形有一定的关系：如“シ”旁的字都与
水有关；“彳”、“辶”旁的字与行走有关；“木”
旁的字出许多引申义。由
于引申义都是由本义发展衍生而来的，所以引申义和
本义之间，总有某种意义上的关联，如“铁”，本义
指钢铁，根据它的特点，可以引申为坚强的意思，如
lair? 不入虎穴, 焉得虎子?
9
抽象化引申英语中有时用表示具体形象的词或短语来表示
某种特性、事物、概念等。译成汉语时，往往要将这种含义或短语作 抽象化的引申，用比较笼统概括的词加以表达，以使译文明快达意。
翻译
Every life has its roses and thorns.
we have progressed a long way from the early days of electrical engineering。
2. 我们坚持主张国际贸易不应是有来无往。（在 原文中， one-way street 本意为“单行道”，将“单行 道”与国际贸易联系在一起，便不难引申为 “有来无往”这一含义。）
3. The avalanche unleashed by the film provided the best opportunity in a long time for the racial healing to begin。
She sailed into the room
1. They have their smiles and tears. 2. We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.
11
1. 他们有自己的欢乐与悲哀。（原文中的smiles and tears 本来是“微笑和眼泪”，但是可以引 申为抽象的“欢乐与悲哀”。）
最新版商务英语翻译精品课件商务英语翻译(词汇部分)
Due diligence 按字面的意思就是“应有的勤奋”，而在企业融资领 域里，是指律师、会计师等专业人员以专业身份和知识审核有关资料是 否准备齐全的一个过程，业内通常译为“尽职调查”或“审慎调查”。
在确定大笔投资或收购前需要进行尽职调查。 6. The terms of the transaction have been negotiated on an arm‟s length basis.
（二）根据词性确定词义
1. Silver is the main color of choice for luxury vehicles, which make up 8.6% of the car market. 豪华车占汽车市场的8.6%，而银色是主选色调。
2. Our products are manufactured from the choice grades of material and will satisfy you in every respect. 我方产品均用上等材料制成，因此，在各方面都会使贵方满 意。
（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义
1. a low figure
2. workers The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high. 生意成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。 4. The value of the pound has fallen to a new low against the dollar. 英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的（最）低点。
（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义 We sell cheap quality goods.
我们销售的商品物美价廉。 We have made you an offer at a very competitive price. 我方已按很低的价格向贵方报盘。 You will find our prices for these goods very popular. 贵方将会看出我方此批货物的价格是很便宜的。 As we have quoted you our rock-bottom price, we can‟t give you any more discount. 我方已报最低价，折扣不能再多给了。
在确定大笔投资或收购前需要进行尽职调查。 6. The terms of the transaction have been negotiated on an arm‟s length basis.
（二）根据词性确定词义
1. Silver is the main color of choice for luxury vehicles, which make up 8.6% of the car market. 豪华车占汽车市场的8.6%，而银色是主选色调。
2. Our products are manufactured from the choice grades of material and will satisfy you in every respect. 我方产品均用上等材料制成，因此，在各方面都会使贵方满 意。
（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义
1. a low figure
2. workers The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high. 生意成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。 4. The value of the pound has fallen to a new low against the dollar. 英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的（最）低点。
（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义 We sell cheap quality goods.
我们销售的商品物美价廉。 We have made you an offer at a very competitive price. 我方已按很低的价格向贵方报盘。 You will find our prices for these goods very popular. 贵方将会看出我方此批货物的价格是很便宜的。 As we have quoted you our rock-bottom price, we can‟t give you any more discount. 我方已报最低价，折扣不能再多给了。