商务英语写作基础知识
商务英语写作
We shall pack…in…instead of in …, as… （由于……，我们将用……包装来代替…… （2）提出有关 包装。） 包装的参考意 In order to…, we would like to make the 见和解决办法 following suggestions for your consideration.（为了……，特提出以下意 见供你方参考。）
11.2 Writing Skills（写作技巧）
包装信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：
写作步骤 表达方式 We thank you for your letter of …（感谢贵公司…… 日来函。）
（1）告知 We are pleased to inform you that …（很高兴告诉 对方写信 你……。） 的目的 （关于包 装问题的 We are now writing to you in regard to the 洽谈） packing of …（我方来函告知关于……的包装问题。）
Yours sincerely,
Letter 3：Shipping marks requirements Dear Sirs, Re: Sales Confirmation No.99A/782 We thank you for your letter dated October 10, enclosing the above Sales Contract in duplicate but wish to state that the packing clause in the contract is not clear enough. The relative clause should be read: Packing: seaworthy export packing, suitable for long distance ocean transportation. The shirts under the captioned contract should be packed in plastic bags, five dozen to one carton, 20 cartons on a pallet, and 10 pallets in FCL container. On the outer packing please mark our initials: JHCL in a triangle, under which the port of destination and our order number should be stenciled. In addition, directive marks like WATERPROOF, etc. should also be indicated.
商务英语的知识点总结归纳
商务英语的知识点总结归纳商务英语是现代商业中不可或缺的一环，可以让企业在国际贸易中更好地沟通和协商。
总结商务英语知识点是非常重要的工作，它可以帮助学习者更好地掌握商务英语，提高沟通效率和商业谈判的成败。
在这篇文章中，我们将总结商务英语的几个重要知识点，以帮助读者更好地掌握商务英语。
1. 商务英语常见词汇商务英语中使用的单词和短语与日常生活语言略有不同。
一些常见的商务英语词汇包括：贸易、出口、进口、采购、供应链、物流、合同、协议、报价、付款等等。
此外，还应掌握一些商务交流中常见的缩略语和首字母缩写，例如FOB、CIF、FCA、FTA、ETA、CIP等等。
熟练掌握这些词汇将有助于您更加流利地开展商务交流并轻松地理解商业文件。
2. 商务英语邮件写作技巧商务英语邮件是商务交流中最常用的一种通信方式之一。
良好的商务英语邮件写作技能可以让您更高效地与国际贸易伙伴进行沟通，这将有助于产品销售和海外市场扩展。
邮件写作技巧应该包括邮件主题的编写、邮件格式的规范、语言的清晰准确等。
在编写商务英语邮件时，您应该注意选择适当的敬语和表达方式，避免使用过于口语化的语句。
3. 商务英语谈判技巧商务英语谈判是商业交易中最重要的一环。
良好的商务英语谈判技巧可以让您在谈判中更有自信，并更好地达成协议。
商务英语谈判的技巧包括聆听技巧、沟通技巧、提问技巧、协商技巧等等。
在谈判中，您应掌握恰当的语气，并准备足够丰富的词汇来表述自己的需求和愿望。
4. 商务英语电话沟通技能在商业交易中，电话沟通是必不可少的方式之一。
良好的商务英语电话沟通技能可以让您更好地与合作伙伴沟通，提高销售率和客户满意度。
电话沟通的技能包括正确的招呼、礼貌用语、听取并理解对方意见等。
如果您的商务英语口语不够流利，可以在多与母语为英语人士进行交流，以提高自己的口语水平，在电话沟通中更自然和得心应手。
5. 商务英语文化差异商业谈判不仅仅在语言上存在差异，还在文化上存在不同。
大一商务英语知识点总结
大一商务英语知识点总结Introduction:商务英语是指应用于商务交流和商业活动中的英语语言技能。
作为一个大一学生，学习商务英语的基础知识对日后的学习和工作至关重要。
本文将对大一商务英语的相关知识点进行总结。
I. 国际贸易1. 国际贸易基本概念国际贸易是指各国之间的货物和服务的买卖活动。
了解国际贸易的基本概念对于理解商务英语中的相关术语和交流方式非常重要。
2. 贸易方式和贸易条件- 直接贸易和间接贸易：解释两种贸易方式的概念及其区别。
- CIF和FOB等常见贸易条件的含义：介绍常见贸易条件的意义和应用。
3. 国际支付方式- L/C（信用证）和D/P（付款交单）：解释两种常见的国际支付方式的定义和应用场景。
II. 商务信函写作1. 商务信函格式商务英语中的商务信函通常包括信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名等部分。
介绍商务信函的标准格式和各部分的书写要求。
2. 商务信函常用句型- 开头部分：引言、自我介绍和目的陈述等。
- 主体部分：要点阐述、安排会议或商谈时间等。
- 结尾部分：表示感谢、表达希望进一步合作等。
III. 商务会议和谈判1. 商务会议准备- 规划议程：制定会议议程并明确会议目标。
- 材料准备：准备好与会议相关的文件、报告和资料等。
2. 商务会议礼仪- 会议室礼仪：介绍商务会议中的行为规范和注意事项。
- 会议用语：常用商务会议英语表达和掌握技巧。
3. 商务谈判技巧- 谈判策略：了解不同的谈判策略和技巧。
- 求同存异：平衡双方利益并达成双赢的谈判结果。
IV. 商务演示和口语表达1. 商务演示技巧- 制作PPT：介绍如何制作专业的商务演示文稿。
- 演讲技巧：掌握演讲技巧和有效的语言表达方法。
2. 商务口语表达- 电话沟通技巧：提供商务电话沟通的常用表达和技巧。
- 社交场合用语：掌握商务社交中的常用表达和礼仪。
Conclusion:以上所述是大一商务英语的相关知识点总结。
通过学习这些基础知识，我们可以更好地理解和应用商务英语，为日后的学习和工作奠定坚实的基础。
商务英语写作需要掌握的英语句型
商务英语一1. It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to say.2. 强调句型It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us.3. All+抽象名词或抽象名词+itself(very+形容词)|He was all gentleness to her.4. 利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime a crime.5. something(much)of和nothing(little)ofsomething of相当于to some extent，表示程度。
在疑问句或条件从句中，则为anything of ，可译为有点，略微等。
译为毫无，全无。
much of译为大有，not much of可译为算不上，称不上，little of可译为几乎无。
something like译为有点像，略似。
They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar.6. 同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一或物，of以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰of后面的那个名词。
如her old sharper of a father，可译为：她那骗子般的父亲。
Those pigs of girls eat so much.7. asascan(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be.8. It is in(with)as in(with)It is in life as in a journey.9. as good as相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。
The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.10.many as wellas和might as well as many as wellas可译为与其，不如，更好，以这样做为宜，如同，也可以等等。
商务英语写作
商务英语写作商务英语写作的基本概念商务英语写作是指以英语为工具，针对商务场景，将思想和信息用书面形式表达出来，并传达给商业上的相关人士。
因此，商务英语写作需要具备较高的英文水平，灵活的思维和适宜的写作技巧，以确保价值信息的高效传递。
商务英语写作的重要性不容忽视。
在全球化的商业世界中，英语已成为商务通用语言，商务英语写作技巧已成为衡量一个企业商业水平和国际化程度的重要标志。
因此，不断提高商务英语写作的能力和技巧，已成为现代企业和商务人士必备的素质之一。
商务英语写作的特点商务英语写作涉及较广泛的领域，包括商务报告、商务信函、商务协议、商会文件等。
这些文件都需要遵守一定的写作规范和具备商务英语写作的特点。
1.精准明确：商务英语写作需要准确化表达想法和信息，避免造成不必要的歧义或误解。
2.概括简明：商务英语写作需要简化、概括表达，以便于商业人士快速了解信息。
3.重点突出：商务英语写作需要对重点进行突出和强调，确保重要信息不被忽略或误解。
4.正式规范：商务英语写作需要遵守一定的文化礼仪和书面惯例，以展现出企业的正式形象和商业实力。
商务英语写作的要素商务英语写作的要素包括内容、结构和语言。
内容商务英语写作的内容需要具备以下特点：1.必需：商务英语文档必须有明确的目的和意义，以便于您的受众了解信息/意见。
2.详尽：商务英语文档需要包含完整的信息和细节，以便读者按照您的要求采取必要的行动。
3.专业：商务英语文档需要个性化，包含专业术语，以符合您所在公司和行业的规则。
结构商务英语文档的结构需要具备以下特点：1.完整清晰：商务英语文档需要具有显而易见的结构，以便于读者快速理解信息的组织方式和重点。
2.逻辑有序：商务英语文档需要按照一定的逻辑和顺序安排信息，以达到最佳的传递效果。
3.语言助力：商务英语文档需要通过一定的语言手段，如标题、段落、标点符号等，以达到最佳的视觉效果和理解效果。
语言商务英语文档的语言需要具备以下特点：1.简单明了：商务英语文档需要简单易懂，避免使用过于复杂或晦涩的语言。
商务英语写作基础知识
使用日常讲话的方式来写作Pedantic学究式的Readable日常可用的ascertain find out (发现) aforementioned these (这些)is a result of because (因为)at this point in time now (现在)before long soon (不久)cease stop (停止)commence start, begin (开始) compensate pay (报酬) correspondence letter (信函) demonstrate show (表现)desire want (需要)due to the fact because (因为)during the time that while (当……的时候)elect choose (选择)facilitate ease, help (方便)for the purpose of to (为了)give consideration to consider (考虑)implement do (完成)in close proximity near (靠近)in the future soon (不久)in the event that if (如果)indebtedness debt (欠债)indicate show (表现)in the view of the fact that since (由于)locate find (发现)numerous many (许多)on condition that provided (如果)prior to before (在……之前) purchase buy (购买)rapid fast (快速)reason is because reason is (因为)residence address (住址)subsequent to after (在……之后) subsequently later (之后)sufficient enough (足量)terminate end (结束)utilize use (使用)vehicle car, tool (汽车，工具)标点的使用逗号逗号是标点中最广泛使用和滥用的。
商务英语写作知识要点
商务英语写作知识要点商务英语写作知识要点01 IntroductionSchool Writing: 1 In the form of essays, 2 To demonstrate the knowledge and language skills,3 Always use complicated structuresBusiness Writing:1 In the form of letters,2 Intended to communicate information,3 Readers and writers are in demand-supply relationship1. Principles of Business Writing: 7CClarity 清晰Correctness准确Conciseness简洁Courtesy 礼貌Concreteness具体Completeness完整Consideration周全2. Logical Organization①因果关系(Cause & Effect) ②时间顺序(Chronological Development)③序列顺序(Sequential Development) ④⽐较(Comparison)⑤⼀般到特殊(From General to Specific) ⑥特殊到⼀般(From Specific to General)02 Layout of Business Letters1. The Essential Parts of a Business Letter:1)Letter head 2)Reference3)Date line 4)Inside Address5)Salutation 6)Body of the letter7)Complimentary Close 8)Signature2. Letter Styles: Full B lock S tyle(齐头式)，Indented Style（缩进式）and Mixed Style（交错式）3. Letter head identifies the sender of the letter. It includes:1)Company’s logo 2)Its address and postal codes3)Telephone number, Fax number 4)Internet address, e-mail address5)Telegraphic and telex address 6)A trademark or a brief slogan4. Body of the letter is the actual message of the letter, which begins one blank line below the salutation. It is the most important part of the letter, the written speaker.Principles of the body: Clarity, Consideration, Correctness5. Organization of the body:1)Opening or Introduction 2)Details3)Responses or Action 4)Close6. Optional Parts of the body1)Attention Line 2)Subject Line3)Enclosure 4)Carbon Copy5)Postscript附⾔7. Layout of the Envelope: The Indented Form and theto ensure the grammatical sense. It’s important to use open punctuation consistently in the letter（18）03 E-mail/doc/e815a6a5f524ccbff1218414.html yout of Heading1)T o: (email address of the recipient )2)From: (email address of the sender—usually automatically filled in)3)Date: (automatically filled in)4)Subject (main idea of the message)5)Cc: (carbon copy– recipients whom the author wishes to inform of the message publicly)6)Bcc: (Blind carbon copy- recipients who are secretly being informed of the message)7)Attachment (the files you desire to send along with the message)2. Body: Salutation + Content + Complementary Close + Signature3. Points to ponder when writing1)Write a meaningful subject line.(主题栏意义明确)2)Keep the message focused and readable.（⾏⽂重点突出、排版清楚易读）3)A void attachments.（少发或不发附件）4)identify yourself clearly.（标明⾝份）5)Be kind. Don’t flame.（⼼平⽓和）6)Proof read.（仔细较读）7)Don’t assume privacy.（注意保护隐私）8)Distinguish between formal and informal situations.（分清场合和事宜）9)Respond promptly.（及时回复）10)Show respect and restrain.（宽容限制）04 Good News & Bad News Letters1. 商务信函种类：1)询盘enquiries2)发盘response to enquiries3)订单函order4)订单确认函order acknowledgement 5)确认函confirming letter6)拒绝函declining letter7)礼节函social letter8)建⽴商务关系的信函（买⽅或卖⽅之间）Establishment of business relationship2. General structure of Good News Messages and Neutral Messages——Direct Approach3. Occasions of Direct Approach1)Making enquiries or responses to enquires2)Making orders or order acknowledgements3)Confirming letter 4)Social letters 5)Declining letter 6)Establishment of business relationship4. Structure of Good News Letter:1)Begin with the main point (Introduction)2)Present necessary explanations (Details)3)Cover the remaining part of the objective (Action)(询价)4)End with adapted goodwill (Close)5. Useful sentences for closing of the good news letter:1)Looking forward to hearing from you.2)I hope this information will help you.3)We look forward to receiving confirmation of the reservation.4)It’s great to be worki ng together once again.6. Indirect Approach to Bad News Messages1)Don’t tell the bad news at the beginning.2)Begin with some good news or neutral information.3)Give explanations before releasing bad news.7. General Structure of Bad-news Messages:1)Begin with a buffer缓冲(introduction)2)Explain why the refusal has to be made (details)3)State the refusal (action) 4)Close positively (close)8. State the Refusals1)Make the refusal clear without misunderstanding.2)Offer some constructive and feasible suggestions.9. Close of Bad News Letter:1)Polite 2)Positive 3)Confident4)Do not remind your readers of the negative message.5)Do not apologize for your refusal10.Ways to buffer:1) Showing positive attitude, appreciation2) Showing sympathy and care3) Demonstrating understanding11. U seful sentences for explaining why the refusal has to be made (Present objective, reasonable and convincing reasons. Make the impression that the refusal is necessary and based on careful consideration)1) Had we not gone through careful and thorough in vestigation, we wouldn’t have made such a decision.2) It is on the basis of careful consideration that we made such a decision.12. To be avoided: We mustreject/turn down/refuse/disappoint youY ou surely understand …..We were surprised at your request.Y ou claim / Y ou state in your letter…This is the best we can do05 Complaint Letter1. Inevitable Complaints:1)Improperly filled order 2)Damaged merchandise商品；货物3)Misunderstanding about prices2. Direct approach to Complaints and Claims:Business people want to know as soon as possible when something wrong has happened to their products or services so that they can correct the situation immediately. Directness lends to clarity of purpose and success.3. Types for complaints1)Complaint for Poor Quality2)Complaint for Shortage3)Complaint for Invoice Mistake 4)Complaint for Delivery Delay5)Complaint for Wrong Items6)Complaint for Poor Packaging4. Structure of Complaint letter1)Explanation of Problem + Background Information (what situation, when, color, model No.)help to identify the problem + How Y ou Suffered (if necessary)2)Action required with deadline ( replace the faulty goods, refund the money, repair the goods, etc)3)Warning (strong but polite)5. Reply to Complaint Letter(括号内是句型)1)Explanation the problem + Background(T hank you for your letter of…About our delay ofshipment. We are sorry for not having been able to deliver the goods you ordered o n)2)Action required + Deadline (We take theresponsibility for the mistake and we willarrange for the replacement to be sent toyou within two da ys.) 3)Ending (Poli te We can assure you thatevery effort will be made to ensure thatsimilar erro rs.)6．U seful Sentences for Complaint Letter1）Describe the problem：On examination, we found all the goods were wetted.2）Action Required：Therefore, we are compelled to claim against you. We appreciate your seeing the matter seriously and arranging for the delivery within 5 days.3）Strong Demand：We will ask for the law if you cannot send the goods to us within 10 days.4)Courteous demand for action：In view of our friendly business relations, we are sure that the matter will be settled appropriately06 Persuasion/sales Letter（促销/推销函）1. Approach of Persuasion Letter——Indirect Approach2. General structure——AIDA1) T o Arouse Attention2) T o Create Interesta)Benefits of the goodsb)Choose the right appeal to feature your product or servicec)Appeals mean the strategies you use to present a product or service to your readers.d)Emotional Appeals: How people feel, taste, smell, hear, and see. Strategies that arouse people through love, anger, pride, fear, and enjoyment.（Perfume, candy And food etc.）e)Rational Appeals: Reason---thinking mind. Strategies based on saving money, making money, doing a job better, or getting better use from a product.（Automobile tires，Tools，Industrial ，equipment）3) Desire: T o Convince the readera)Benefits of the goodsb)Point out and stress all the benefits that your product can offerc)Determine the strongest psychological selling point:stressing a product’s benefits rather than its physical features4) T o Motivate Actiona)Ask for orders.b)Offer other incentives that will make your reader responsive: a gift, a limited availability and a discount.c)No-risk guarantee. d)Strengthening words.3. Principles of Persuasion Letter Writing1)Vivid language. 2)Be concrete.3)Focus on central selling point. 4)Use inductive（归纳）approach (deductive演绎).5)S ome ―don’t‖ in Persuasion letter.a)Don’t exaggerate.b)Don’t belittle your reader.c)Don’t speak ill of your competitors.Show the reader what you can do, but not what others can not do!07 Memo/memorandum1. Components of Memo1)HeadingMEMORANDUM / C ompany’s Logo / SloganT o: (reader’s name and job title)From: (writer’s name and job title)Date: （complete and current date)Subject: (what the memo is about, highlighted in some way) ---Informative2)BodyOpening---state the purpose---DirectDetails---Highlighted3) ClosingAction or Conclusive Sentence2. Characteristics of Successful Memos1)Subject Headings 2)Single topic3)Conversational tone—Informal 4)Conciseness---A void Wordy Sentences 5)Visual Signaling：numbers/ bullet s编号?boldface斜体italics斜体?heading3. Three points to A void1)A void abruptness 2)A void over-politeness3)A void unnecessary expressions4. AttentionInside the companyOne topic in one memoWithout company letterhead08 Meeting MaterialPart 1 Notice1. The Nature of Notice1)Purpose: To give information briefly and make the reader follow the message quickly2)Form to expressa)written on a blackboard or bulletin board公告板b)written as a memoc)written as a letter d)written as a postcarde)written in an email2. Types of NoticeMeeting noticeNotice for Greeting New Colleagues Holiday Notice Practice Notice3. Layout of Notices1)Heading (Subject matter or Notice)2)Body (time, place, purpose, materials)Full-blocked formUse asterisks or bullet points or numberLeave spaces between headings and different sectionsUse capitals, bold, italics or underlyingUse sub-headings3)Name and position（右下⽅4)Date(右下⽅4. Language Tone of Notices: Brief; Specific; Eye-catching; Polite5. Useful expressions1)请注意……Please note that…2)我们很⾼兴通知您……We are pleased to inform you…W e have pleasure in informing you that…3)我们想通知您……We would like to notif y you…4)我们特此奉告……We have the honor to apprise you of…5)我们冒昧奉告……We take the liberty of announcing to you that…Part 2 Meeting Agenda6. Difference between Agenda & Schedule:1)An agenda: T opics to be discussed at a meeting; before the meeting is held.2)Schedule: Work timetable.agenda是会议的议程，代办事项表。
商务英语写作模板
商务英语写作模板商务英语写作在商业交流中起着至关重要的作用，正确的商务英语写作能够帮助我们表达清晰、准确地传达信息，提高沟通效率。
下面就是一份商务英语写作模板，希望能够对大家有所帮助。
一、商务英语写作常用句型。
1. 开头部分。
I am writing to inquire about…。
I am writing to follow up on our previous conversation…。
I am writing to confirm our meeting on…。
I am writing to update you on the progress of…。
2. 正文部分。
According to our records…。
With reference to…。
I am pleased to inform you that…。
I regret to inform you that…。
I would like to draw your attention to…。
3. 结尾部分。
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you need any further information.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Thank you for your attention to this matter.I apologize for any inconvenience this may cause.Your prompt attention to this matter would be greatly appreciated.二、商务英语写作常用词汇。
1. 开头部分。
In reference to…。
With regard to…。
Regarding…。
I am writing with regard to…。
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商务英语写作基础知识史上最牛英语口语学习法：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！太平洋在线英语，可免费体验全部外教一对一课程：使用日常讲话的方式来写作Pedantic学究式的Readable日常可用的ascertain find out (发现)aforementioned these (这些)is a result of because (因为)at this point in time now (现在)before long soon (不久)cease stop (停止)commence start, begin (开始)compensate pay (报酬)correspondence letter (信函)demonstrate show (表现)desire want (需要)due to the fact because (因为)during the time that while (当……的时候)elect choose (选择)facilitate ease, help (方便)for the purpose of to (为了)give consideration to consider (考虑)implement do (完成)in close proximity near (靠近)in the future soon (不久)in the event that if (如果)indebtedness debt (欠债)indicate show (表现)in the view of the fact that since (由于)locate find (发现)numerous many (许多)on condition that provided (如果)prior to before (在……之前)purchase buy (购买)rapid fast (快速)reason is because reason is (因为)residence address (住址)subsequent to after (在……之后)subsequently later (之后)sufficient enough (足量)terminate end (结束)utilize use (使用)vehicle car, tool (汽车，工具)标点的使用逗号逗号是标点中最广泛使用和滥用的。
以下是具体的指导：1．在长的引导句或短语后加逗号。
Contrary to common belief, English women do not ware tweed nightgowns.不同于通常的观念，英国妇女不穿苏格兰粗呢睡衣。
I’ve been on so many blind dates, I should get a free dog.我已经相亲许多次了，应该已经找到合适的人了如果引导句是短的，就不需要逗号了。
After the dinner I went home.晚饭后,我回家了2. 使用逗号避免混淆。
试着不看逗号朗读这句话,你会听出问题来的。
Once you understand, the reason is clear.一旦你理解了，理由也很清楚了。
If he chooses, William can take over the company.如果威廉愿意的话，他可以接管公司。
3. 使用逗号来分开所列的项目。
The only way to keep your health is to eat what you don’t want, drink what you don’t like, and do what you’d rather not do.让你健康的唯一方法是去吃你不想吃的食物，去喝你不喜欢的东西，去做你不想做的事4. 用逗号来分割有and, but, for, or, nor, yet, 或so连接词的完整的句子。
The optimist proclaims that we live in the best of all possible times, and the pessimist fears this is true.乐观主义者声称我们生活在最好的年代里，而悲观主义者都可以认为这不是事实。
Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it.每个人都在谈论天气，但是没人有所作为。
5. 用逗号来把不重要的短语和句子的其他部分分离开来。
逗号间的词语可被删除，同时这句话仍然通顺。
Unlike Andy Rooney, who puts out a book every year, I at least have the courtesy to wait two years before I offer something new.和每年出书一本的安迪不同，我在拿出新作品之前至少要恭恭敬敬地等待两年。
Pessimism, when you get used to it, is just as agreeable as optimism.一旦你习惯于悲观主义，它就像乐观主义一样让人愉快。
6．当你要直呼某人时，使用逗号。
Reader，suppose you were an idiot. And suppose you are a member of Congress. But I repeat myself.读者们，无论你们把自己当作是傻瓜，还是议会一员，我总是重复同样的话。
Dr. Livingstone, I presume?我猜您是里文史通博士？7．在正确的名称和标题或说明性短语逗号（同位语）间加逗号。
同位语就是在名词或短语后做进一步解释的词语。
它们和插入语一样对于句子结构并不是必须的，但是能提供给读者一定的信息。
Bill Gates, Chairman of Microsoft, spoke in Las Vegas last month.微软总裁比尔.盖茨上周在拉斯维加斯发言。
My son, the orthodontist, sent me flowers for my birthday.我的儿子是位牙齿整形专家，在我生日那天，他送来鲜花贺岁。
Let us be grateful to Adam, our benefactor. He cut us out of the "blessing" of idleness and won for us the "curse" of labor.让我们感谢恩人亚当，他除去我们安逸的“保佑”，为我们赢得了劳作的“诅咒”。
8.用逗号分隔地址。
Positano, Italy葡斯泰瑙，意大利10County Dublin, Eire，都柏林，爱尔兰共和国9.引用材料时用逗号。
John Kenneth said, "Nothing is so admirable in politics as a short memory."约翰 .肯尼司说过：“政治家们最令人羡慕的是其出色的短期记忆冒号冒号是用来提醒读者。
它是一种提示：好的，以下就是有关信息。
它引出一个列表和引用或解释。
它代替了"that is", "for example"等词语。
在商务信件的开头，冒号有时也出现代替了收信人的姓名。
On a divorce lawyer's wall: Satisfaction guaranteed or your honey back.Dear Sir or Madam:分号分号是标点符号世界里的一个奇特的标点。
它既不是逗号也不是句号，但有些两者皆有。
它比冒号或破折号更正式，同时要求读者停顿。
分号分隔两个主要的从句，每个从句有完整的意思。
因为从句是紧密关联的，分号可以更好的连接它们。
使用and（和）或句号都不会有同样的作用。
When angry, count four ; when very angry, swear.生气时，数到四；恼怒时，就发誓。
In politics, if you want anything said, ask a man; if you want anything done, ask a woman.在政界，如果你想有人去说某件事，那就去找一个男人；如果你想要有人做某件事，那就去找一个女人。
分号也可以用作：□分隔一系列复杂的项目:Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; person attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot will be shot.想要在这个陈述中找到动机的人会被起诉；想要在其中找到寓意的人会被放逐；想要在其中找到线索的人更是死路一条。
□分隔有逗号的从句:At my 50th birthday party, the caterer prepared a vegetable basket with two dips, and dried tomato；assorted imported cheeses, a fresh shellfish bar with clams, oyster, and scallops; a pasta bar with six sauces; and three different desserts.在我50岁生日的晚宴上，承办人准备了充裕的蔬菜，伴有两种沙司，番茄和各种进口奶酪，一个有蛤蜊，牡蛎和扇贝等的贝壳吧，有六种调料的通心粉吧，和三种不同的甜点。
破折号破折号可用于观点加以强调，并可以起到像逗号，冒号，括号的作用。
It’s not the men in your life that count--it's the life in your man.重要的不是你生活中的男人——而是生活中你的男人。
A classic --something that everybody wants to have read and nobody wants to read.经典佳作——那就是，有时人人争先拜读，而有时无人问津的书。
附言：一些文字处理程序会将两个连字号变一个成长的破折号。
一般而言，总是使用两个连字号。