工商管理专业英语UNIT1
工商管理专业英语UNIT1
• Interviewee: I am a graduate of a technical university and have been employed as a technician with Company # for approximately 10 years.
• 从你的简历，我可以看出你在 方面有丰富的经验。我想 知道为什么你认为你适合这份工作。
• Interviewee: Well I’m impressed with what the company has done in the past and I think by hiring me the company’s future can only be brighter. I find that my personal goals and ideas about business operations mesh1 perfectly with this company’s goals and mission statement.
• 在低成本的生产目标与拓宽生产线的营销目标之间由来已 久的冲突是一个管理学问题内在联系的好例子。每个目标 之间都存在冲突。
• 8、The objectives of individual parts must be (compromised) to meet the objectives of the entire firm .
• 甚至在今天, 我们所了解的管理学也都出自 于那些管理人员的自传和论文集。
• 3、According to the text ,the three well-established approaches to management thought are the (classical) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing work and organizations ;the (behavioral) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing people;and the (management science)approach,which focus on the task of production and operations.
工商管理专业英语unit 1 the evolution of management
Key Terms and Concepts P4
Management Science Approach: Also known as Management Science School 管理学科学（研究）方法. A body of literature characterized by its use of mathematical and statistic techniques to build models for the solution of production and operations problems.The approach's primary means for acquiring knowledge is mathematical deduction.
Key Terms and Concepts P4
Contingency or Situational Approach (to Management): (管理学）权变（研究）方法 :An analysis of management that emphasizes the fact that what managers do in practice depends on upon a given set of circumstances or the "situation” and that there is no single "best way" to manage.
After learning of the course, students should grasp the professional English vocabulary and terminology as much as possible, and be familiar with the structure of style, features and rhetorical skills in professional English.(掌握词汇和 术语,熟悉文体结构、风格特征、修辞技巧)
大学工商管理专业英语教材
大学工商管理专业英语教材IntroductionIn today's highly globalized and competitive business world, proficiency in English has become an essential skill for students majoring in Business Administration. The purpose of this article is to introduce a comprehensive and practical English textbook specifically tailored to meet the needs of students studying Business Administration in university settings. The textbook aims to enhance students' language abilities, business knowledge, and cross-cultural communication skills.Chapter 1: Introduction to Business AdministrationThis chapter provides students with a general overview of the field of Business Administration. It covers key concepts such as organizational structure, management functions, and the role of business in society. In addition to building a solid foundation of business knowledge, students will also be introduced to relevant English vocabulary and terminology commonly used in the business world.Chapter 2: Business CommunicationEffective communication is vital in the business environment. This chapter focuses on improving students' English language skills for various business communication purposes, including writing emails, making presentations, and participating in meetings. Practical exercises and real-life case studies are included to enhance students' understanding and application of business communication strategies.Chapter 3: Marketing and AdvertisingMarketing plays a crucial role in any business's success. This chapter explores marketing principles and strategies, including market research, segmentation, branding, and advertising. Students will learn to analyze marketing campaigns and develop English language proficiency in presenting marketing plans and strategies effectively.Chapter 4: International BusinessIn the increasingly interconnected global marketplace, understanding international business practices is essential. This chapter introduces concepts related to international trade, global economics, cultural diversity, and managing multinational enterprises. Students will develop language skillsfor negotiating, collaborating, and conducting business across different cultures and markets.Chapter 5: Financial ManagementFinancial management is a fundamental aspect of business administration. This chapter covers key topics including financial statements, budgeting, investment strategies, and risk management. Students will practice using English to analyze financial data, discuss financial performance, and make informed business decisions.Chapter 6: Human Resource ManagementThe success of any organization heavily relies on effective management of its human resources. Students will learn about recruitment processes, employee training and development, performance evaluation, and employee motivation. The chapter helps students develop English language skills inareas such as conducting job interviews, delivering employee feedback, and resolving conflicts in the workplace.Chapter 7: Business Ethics and Corporate Social ResponsibilityIn today's society, businesses are expected to operate ethically and sustainably. This chapter explores the importance of business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Students will engage in discussions and debates, improving their English language proficiency while considering ethical dilemmas and the impact of business decisions on society.Chapter 8: Entrepreneurship and InnovationEntrepreneurship and innovation are crucial drivers of economic growth and societal advancement. This chapter introduces students to the world of entrepreneurship, including business planning, opportunity recognition, and managing a startup. Students will enhance their English language skills by developing business pitches, presenting innovative ideas, and analyzing successful entrepreneurial ventures.ConclusionThis English textbook for students majoring in Business Administration provides comprehensive coverage of key topics in the field. By integrating language learning with business knowledge, students will develop the necessary skills to excel in today's dynamic and competitive business environment. This textbook aims to empower students with effective communication abilities, cross-cultural competencies, and a solid foundation in business principles.。
工商专业英语第一讲
12/29/2013
Report format
• Introduction/purpose • Background info/story • Main reasons/ideas listed/explained/described • Summarize findings • Recommendation/proposals
12/29/2013
More telephone tips
• • • • • • • • • • • • Fax or email ahead important doc. speak clearly and slowly confirm each points communicated don't pretend to understand sound polite and sincere be brief and concise sound efficient and professional always take notes and don't rely on memory smile while talking dont' try to be funny don't interrupt when others are talking send a follow-up confirmation emails
Asking permission • May I....?/Do you mind if....? • Is it all right if I...? Do you think I could...?
12/29/2013
Telephone preparation
Making phone calls • all relevant documents/information ready • computer screen turned to relevant e-doc • pen,paper, scratch pad all set • aim/key points listed down Receiving phone calls • update with the latest projects/developments • be prepared, including necessary stationaries • ask to call back to confirm if not clear with anything
工商管理专业英语1
Ⅰ. Explain the terms.1. Contingency approach2. Differentiation3. Objective4. Management pyramid5. Top managers6. Strategic goals7. Organizational behavior8. Operative goals9. Strategic group10. Threat of new entrantsⅡ. True and false statements.1. The three well-established approaches to management thought are the classical approach, which focus on the task of production and operation; the behavioral approach which focus on the task of managing people; and the management science approach, which focus on the task of managing work and organization.( )2. In solving problems, managers using the systems approach must view the organization as a dynamic whole but must try to anticipate the intended as well as unintended impacts of their decision. ( )3. in other words, the contingency approach seeks to match different situations with different management methods.( )4. It seeks to identify the characteristics of jobs, people, and organization, allowing managers to see the interdependence between the segments of an organization.( )5. Between the two extremes of management practice and management science are many general who have contributed to the study of management. ( )6. In today’s innovative and competitive business environment, companies that strive to envision and define the future often haven’t an advantage over those that simply react to the present. ( )7. In many of today’s leaner company, fewer levers separate manag ers at the top and bottom. ( )8. Communication or exchanging information, is the most important and pervasive interpersonal skill that managers use. ( )9. Management is indeed in every type of organization. ( )10. In order to transform vision to reality, managers must define specific goals and objectives. ( )11. To meet these challenges, managers must possess certain skills that disable them to fulfill specific roles. ( )12. As the company grows, management can refer to the mission statement as a means of evaluating whether proposed actions are in line with the company stated purpose and values. ( )13. A starting point is to write a mission statement that defines how the organization exists and what it seeks to accomplish. ( )14. Technical skills are more important at lower organization levels.( )15. There are organizations that exist with balance sheets, capital assets, financial plans, or formal marketing strategies, but without people.( )16. Organizations are not random collections of people. ( )17. Organizations have many goals and operative goal are general and abstract. ( )18. Sometimes the coordination in organizations is a matter of absolute necessity rather than efficiency. ( )19. Individuals have intellectual and physical limitation which can only be overcome by organized group effort. ( )20. One important, although often implicit, official goal of all organizations is development. ( )21. Members must occasionally engage in innovative activities that go beyond their usual assignments. ( )22. Clearly these (often implicit) people-related operative goals are separate and independent from official goals. ( )23. Organizations are designed to continue achieve their goals even if certain members aren’t replaced. ( )24. One important, although often implicit, official goal of virtually all organizations is survival. ( )25. When there is little product differentiation, competition between present competitors is greater. ( )26. When strong product differentiation exists, the entry is easier. ( )27. Suppliers are especially important when their product is large part of buyer’s value added. ( )28. If buyers earn low profits and product involved is important part of their cost, then the bargaining will be less aggressive. ( )29. Different market segments need different bundles and different product. ( )30. An unattractive industry couldn’t lead the firm into withdrawal strategies or an attempt to form an alliance with competitors. ( )31. There are five interactive competitive forces that collectively determine an industry’s long-term attractiveness: present competitors, potential competitors, the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, and substitute product. ( )32. New competitors add capacity to the industry and bring with them the need to gain market share, thereby marketing competition more intense. ( )33. Its impact can be significant, particularly when a limited number of suppliers service a number of same industries. ( )34. All four competitive forces just discussed above are affected by the passage of time; therefore, their strength varies as the industry passes from its introductory stage to its growth stage and on to maturity, followed by decline. ( )35. During the maturity period, competition forces are at their strongest, and many competitors are forced to exit the industry. ( )36. Management entails planning, organizing, coordinating, leading, and controlling resource to efficiently reach these goals. ( )37. In addition to setting goals and assuming various roles, managers also employskills that fall into three basic categories: information, technical and conceptual skills. ( )38. Managers around the world use more of a contingency to survive. ( )39. First-line managers set operational objectives, which define the results necessary to achieve both the tactic objectives and the strategic goals. ( )40. The field of organizational behavior is concerned with the influence that only formal grouping has on the individuals. ( )Ⅲ.Translate the following into Chinese.1. Learning about management is important for two reasons. First, our society depends on specialized institutions and organizations to provide the goods and services we desire. These organizations are guided and directed by the decisions of one or more individuals designated as “managers”. Second, individuals not trained as managers often find themselves in managerial positions. Many individuals presently being trained to be teachers, accountants, musicians, salespersons, artists, physicians, or lawyers will one day earn their livings as managers.2. All five competitive forces just discussed above are affected by the passage of time; therefore, their strength varies as the industry passes from its introductory stage to its growth stage and on to maturity, followed by decline. Competitive forces are apt to be weakest during the fast-growth period, thus, there are substantial opportunities for gaining market share. During the shakeout period, competition forces are at their strongest, and many competitors are forced to exit the industry. During the industry maturity, competitions typically slackens, but only if the industry leader holds a strong relative position.3．The grouping that characterizes organizations is of interest to the field of organizational behavior for several reasons. First, much of the work ( both intellectual and physical ) done in organizations is quite literally performed by groups, whether they are short-term task forces or formal work groups shown on an organizational chart. We are therefore interested in predicting and explaining the functioning of these groups and controlling them so that they function effectively. You will recall that the two-person news writing/news reading team was severely disrupted by Russ’s resignation. Secondly, everyone is aware that informal grouping occurs in all organizations. That is, friendships develop and informal alliances are formed to accomplish required work: Such grouping is not prescribed by the organization and not shown on the chart, but it can have an important impact upon goal achievement. Consequently, we are interested in how such groups’ form and what their exact impact is. Finally, the field of organizational behavior is concerned with the influence that both formal and informal grouping has on the individuals who enter organizations with their own particular needs and values.4. In addition to setting goals and assuming various roles, managers also employ skills that fall into three basic categories: interpersonal, technical, and conceptual skills. As managers rise through the hierarchy, they may need to strengthen their abilities in one or more of these skills; fortunately, managerial skills can usually be learned.Ⅳ.Translate the following into English.1．在这种情况下，为了使整个体系达到其目的，折中的做法是必要的。
工商管理专业英语阅读unit1
Special English ReadingUnit 1The Evolution of Management as a Field of StudyPart 1 new words（computer，illustrative sentence）autobiography [ɔːtəbaɪ'ɒgrəfɪ] n. 自传；自传文学[ 复数 autobiographies ] we don’t have to speculate because the President tells us himself in his autobiography,Dreams from My Father.不必猜测，因为这位总统在自传中已经告诉了我们——《来自父亲的梦想》。
memoir['memwɑː]n. 回忆录；研究报告；自传；实录Until I read his memoir, I had no idea how difficultthe pressure-packed years had been for him, or how hard hehad been on himself, and me.直到我后来读了他的回忆录，才知道被压力重重包围的这些年他是多么艰难，而且他对自己和对我的要求是多么严格。
anthropologist[,ænθrə'pɒlədʒɪst]n. 人类学家；人类学者This is something I learned as an anthropologist–people loveto tell their stories.这是我作为一名人类学家所理解的----人们喜欢讲述自己的故事。
perspective n. 观点；远景；透视图adj. 透视的There is much that might be said about friendships.They allow us to seeourselves from the perspective of another.关于友谊的说法可能有很多种，这使得我们能从别人的观点里看到我们自己。
工商管理专业英语unit1-The-Evolut
• reliance: n.The act of relying or the state of being reliant. 依赖依靠
• sufficient: adj. Being as much as is needed. 充足的 • characteristic: n. A feature that helps to identify, tell
Unit One The Evolution of Management as a Field of Study
Glossary
• evolution: n . The process of developing. 发展 • generalize: v. To infer from many particulars. 概括. • autobiography: n. The biography of a person
➢ Behavioral Approach (to Management)
also called behavioral school to management, （管理学） 行为（研究）方法 here it refers to a body of literature characterized by its concern for human behavior in the work environment. The school’s primary means for acquiring knowledge is scientific method, with emphasis on research. Chronologically, the behavioral approach to management thought followed the classical approach. Its first phase was identified with human relations theory, popular in the 1940s and early 1950s. Its second phase was the behavioral science approach, which came into popular use in the early 1950s.
工商管理专业英的语词汇与专题集结分析
工商管理专业英语词汇与专题集结Unit 1 :The evolution of management as a field of studyPart 1：Glossary1、evolution n（生物进化，强调慢，由时间累加而成）change vt. 改变；交换 n. 变化；找回的零钱 vi. 改变；兑换revolution n 变革改革（工业变革、企业变革、思维变革）2、general adj 一般的，普通的；综合的；大体的 n. 一般；将军，上将；常规generalizable adj 课归纳的可概括的generalization n 概括generalize vi 形成概念 vt 概括推广generalized adj普遍的无显著特征的3、autobiography n自传自传文学biography n 传记档案个人简历4、memoir n回忆录5、extreme adj极其的extremely adv 极其地badly 极其地恶劣地非常地严重地heavily 沉重地猛烈地沉闷地（修饰可数名词）strongly 强有力地气味浓烈地（如酒的烈等）6、perspective n 观点视角 on the perspective of 以……视角respect n （可观存在的）方面aspect n（主观的）方面retrospect n 回顾 intro-- outro-- retro-- 后续7、turnover n流通量人员流失量资金周转 adj 可翻转的daily turnover 日产量annual turnover 年产量Takeaway 打包外卖8、approach（es） n 办法方法 vt 接近着手处理 vi 接近way（显而易见的）方法method（理论研究）方法Path（实现……路径）方法channel（营销方面）方法9、dynamize vt（考虑到通货膨胀等因素）增加（养老金、退休金等）价值使增加dynamical adj （连贯的）变化action 活动10、interdependent adj 相互依赖的互助的11、character n 性格特质characterize 描述（特征）Chinese character 中文汉子describe （文学）描述12、popularity n 普及声誉名望Populace n 大众民众popularization n 通俗化民众化13、reliance n 信赖信任受信赖的人或物 rely on 依赖依靠14、sufficient a 充足的15、sufficiency n 充足（可形容人自满自傲）16、alliance n 联盟联合17、complement n 补足物18、complementary adj 补足的补充的Part 21、 community n 社区社团（合法的）district n 区域地方行政communist n共产党共产主义 adj共产主义的communism n 共产主义communist party 共产党2、 social adj 社会的人际的socialism n 社会主义的社会主义者（socialist）3、 capitalism n 资本主义资本4、 imperialism n 帝国主义5、 CEO （chief executive officer）CFO （chief finance officer）COO （chief operation officer）CDO （chief design officer）6、agency n代理中介代理处travel agency 旅行社7、 managing director 总经理常务理事总裁8、 supervisor 主管9、 market share 市场占有率10、prevailing price 流行价格（基于市场的）on the prevailing price 吃回扣market cut （口语中不正当的、不合法的）回扣11、managerial competency 管理胜任能力12、insurance agency 保险机构13、task force 特别小组14、allocation of resource 资源配置15、sales associate 销售合伙人销售助理 peer 同事Unit 2：The scope of managementPart 1：Glossary1、 entail vt 使承担需要（必须的）伴随 n 零售批发entailment n 限定继承retail vt. 零售；转述 vi. 零售 n. 零售 adv. 以零售方式 adj. 零售的t ail n 尾巴2、conform v 使一致；使需要 conform to 遵照、符合Conformable a 顺从的、合适的、一致的Conformance n 顺应、一致Conformation n 构造Reform v 改革、改制Transform 变形Inform v 通知3、envision v 想像Vision n 视力、视觉、视野、远见Visible a 可见的Visionary n 空想家、梦想家Visibility n 可见物4、strive v 奋斗、争取Strive for 为……奋斗、争取（+目标或者物）Strive toward （常常+目标，朝……奋斗）Strive with +人与……一起奋斗5、mission n 使命（短期内不可实现）（难度很大）Task n 相当具体的任务（往往是上级下达的）Target n 任务目标Goal n （长期）目标Assignment n 任务分配（如大学作业，职位等）6、franchise n 代理、特许经营、特许经营权（如KFC或者HM)Dealership n 代理商、经营权Chain store 广泛性质的连锁（如绝味鸭脖）Territory sales （manager）大众化区域经理Territory dealership 区域经销权（代理商）7、tactical a （贬义）战术的（用手段完成）Tactic n 策略，战略Strategy n （褒义词）战略、策略Stick（y） a 小把戏、小技巧8、department n 部门的、院系的、科室Dept n 简写9、peer n 同级的同事Colleague n 同事Coworker n 团队同事（短期合作）10、foster v 促进、抚养、培养Promote v 职位晋升、销售的促销Promotion n 职位晋升、促销Enhance v 加强（没有strengthen程度强）Push v 强制推行或执行11、stakeholder n 持股人、股东Ower n 拥有者Partner n 搭档Manager n 管理者补充：informercial n 商业信息片Commercial n 商业，通过利益获取利润（贬义）Unit 3：What are organizations？Part 1：Glossary1、beast n 事物2、organ n 器官organize v 指人或动物的组织organization n 组织3、contrivance n 发明（物）、机械、谋划contrived a 牵强的contrive v 设计、谋划、发明4、patronage n 所有顾客谢谢惠顾patrons n 老顾客crew n （飞机、火车、船）的工作人员staff n 员工（下级）teamplayer n （比赛）成员5、impact n 影响力Impact on 对……影响influence n 影响6、associate v 联合、结合associate with…………联合7、whim n 突然想起的念头（怪）、一时兴致idea n 清晰的注意（能被人接受）thought n 伟人思想hope （可实现的）wish （虚拟的）imagination n 想象illustion n 由药物酒精而产生的幻觉fancy n 意想不到的惊喜、新潮的、昂贵的（酒店、餐厅）fancied a 空想的fanciful a 空想的（东西）fantasy n 白日梦fantistico n 爱奇思怪想的人8、achieve v 获取、取得（正面的东西）attain v 获取achievement n 成就成果achievable a 可实现的9、soul n 灵魂、人、精髓（理论、思想……）lack soul 缺乏内涵ghost泛指真正的鬼魂10、virtue n 美德By virtue of 由于……/鉴于……virtual a 虚拟的11、survival n 生存、幸存survive （in） v 靠……维持；以……存活survivable a 幸存的survivor n 幸存者12、efficiency n 功效、效率、效能efficient a 直接生效的relieve v 缓解13、intellectual a 智力的intelligence n 由于学习知识，智力的提升Central intelligence agency （CIA）中央情报局（美国）intelligible a 明白易懂的intellect n 智力、理解力、知识分子、智力高的人、思维逻辑领悟力intellection n 智力活动Intellectual property 知识产权Intellectual works 脑力活动14、chart n （泛指）图表Curve n 特指曲线图pie n 指扁形图Table n 指财务报表Form n （需写个人信息）图表（如酒店入住）Graph n （带有图片说明）图表Part 2Aspect vs RespectSide （两面的）面 by your side 在你身边Field (具体的领域）领域Area （范围广）区域Factor （文章中提到的要点、具体某点）要素Facet （立体的面）建筑物的面Dimension （指空间交叉的维度）维度Lateral 指边的Unilateral 单边的、独边的Multilateral 多变的Marginal边缘化（国际关系……）页边Refer v 参考Refer to ……as 作为……提及Reference n 参考文献Profit—oriented 营利导向的Nonprofit 非营利的Profitable 可营利的Profit vs benefitProfit 贬义词是指营利以后给的好处Benefit 褒义词包含各方面的好处Unit 4：Developing quality and competitive advantagePart 1：Glossary1、innovation n 创新、革新innovative a 创新的，革新的（突破，不一定是史无前例的创新）Creative a 创造性、创新的（指方法、观点、思想的创新，前所未有的） Innovate v 创新、创造2、optimize v 使最优化（决策）Optimization n 最优化Optimistic a 乐观的Optimist n 乐观主义者Optimism n 乐观主义Optimistical a 乐观的、乐天的Optimistically a 乐观地、乐天地3、medieval a 中世纪的、（贬）原始的、仿中世纪的、老式的medievalism n 中世纪精神、中世纪性质4、usher v 宣告、展示介绍、开始、开创5、exoticism n 异国风情、情调strange a 由陌生不熟悉产生的奇怪weird a 对行为性格、事件超出常规的奇怪exotic a 由宗教或风俗所产生的奇怪6、strenuous a 艰苦的、需要付出巨大努力的（对应achieve）effort （努力程度最轻）努力struggle v （生死线上、不是一般的努力）挣扎7、artifical a 人工智能的、非真实的、伪造的fake n 赝品counterfeit n 仿制品、仿冒品knockoff n 名牌的仿制品copycat n 没有主见的模仿（包括人和物）Shanzhai 山寨山寨手机：Robinhood cellphone8、navigate v （航海领域、空中、陆地）导航navigation n 航行、航海navigable a 可航行的、可驾驶的、适于航行的navigability n 耐航性9、prototype n 原型、标准、模范stereotype v 使用铅板、套用老套、使一成不变 n 陈腔滥调、老套、铅板Unit 5：Competitive industry environment analysisPart 1：Glossary1、long-term 长期的2、aggregation a 集合体3、carbonated a 充了碳酸气的4、alignment n 结盟5、meaningless a 无意义的、无价值的6、withdrawal n 撤退7、interactive a 互相作用的8、nutrition n 营养9、pharmaceutical a 制药的10、niche n 产品或服务所需的特殊领域11、entrant n 参加竞赛者12、replenishment n 补给补充13、alleviate v 减轻14、shakeout 经济衰退Inventory list 库存清单 future deal 期货交易 stock deal 股票交易Spot deal 现货交易 trade mark 商标 executive director执行理事第六单元和第七单元的词汇全看专业英语题型解析：选词填空：看专业英语书每单元后面练习II、Vocabulary Review的选词填空部分，试卷题目为四选一，相对简单点，但是一定要记得词汇本身固有的搭配，可参照总结的词汇。
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• Interviewer: So you’ve acquainted yourself with the company. It’s refreshing to interview someone who’s sure of what they want.
• 在低成本的生产目标与拓宽生产线的营销目标之间由来已 久的冲突是一个管理学问题内在联系的好例子。每个目标 之间都存在冲突。
• 8、The objectives of individual parts must be (compromised) to meet the objectives of the entire firm .
• 甚至在今天, 我们所了解的管理学也都出自 于那些管理人员的自传和论文集。
• 3、According to the text ,the three well-established approaches to management thought are the (classical) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing work and organizations ;the (behavioral) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing people;and the (management science)approach,which focus on the task of production and operations.
• 权变方法，强调管理实践的正确性取决于它是否 适合特定的应用情况。
• 6、In solving problems ,managers using the systems approach must view the organization as a (dynamic) whole and must try to anticipate the intended as well as unintended impacts of their decisions .
• 我毕业于一所科技大学，在#公司做技术人员快十 年了。
• Interviewer: Please explain why you are interested in leaving your current position and please elaborate on your technical skills.
• 在过去的30年中,人们试图将古典的、行为的和科 学的管理方法融合为一个整体。
• 5、The contingency approach ,stresses that the correctness of a managerial practice is (contingent) on how it fits the particular situation in which it is applied .
• 各个部分的目标必须让步于整个公司的目标。
• 9、The systems approach forces managers to recognize that organizations are systems made up of (interdependent) parts and that a change in one part affects other parts .
• 请告诉我你为什么辞去现在的工作。请具体说明你的技术 专长。
• Interviewee: I am looking for a growth opportunity, which I feel is not available at my current employer. In terms of skills, I am Microsoft certified1 in Windows XP and several other operating systems.
• 12、Both the systems approach and the contingency approach can provide valuable insights and complement the classical ,behavioral ,and management science approaches .
• 系统方法将迫使管理者认识到组织由相互依存的 部分组成,一个部分的变化会影响其他部分。
• 10、The contingency approach has grown in (popularity) over the last two decades because
• research has found that ,given certain characteristics of a job and certain characteristics of people doing the job ,specific management practices tend to work better than others .
• 根据本文，管理思想中有三个行之有效的方法，分别是古 典方法、行为方法和管理学科学方法，其中古典方法专注 于管理工作和组织的任务,行为方法专注于管理人的任务， 管理学科学方法专注于生产和运营的任务。
• 4、During the last 30 years or so ,there have been attempts to (integrate) the three approaches to management — classical ,behavioral ,and management science .
• Compromise interdependent characteristic popularity sole reliance sufficient
• Alliance demographic complement
• 1、 managers described their own experiences and tried to (generalize) the principles they believed could be applied in similar situations.
• 系统方法和权变方法可以为古典的、行为 的和科学的管理方法提供宝贵的见解和补 充。
• Speaking
• Job interview • HR: Interview 人事： 面试 • 1 面试 (1) Job Interview (1)
• Interviewer: Can you tell me a little bit about yourself?
• 管理人员描述了自己的经历和试图推广的 原则，他们认为可以应用在类似的情况下。
• 2、Even today ,a great deal of what we know about management comes from the autobiographies and （memoirs） of men and women who are or have been practicing managers.
• 在使用系统方法解决问题时,管理者必须把组织作为一个 动态的整体,必须设法预测影响他们决定的预期因素和意 外因素。
• 7、The age-old confrontation between the production objective of low costs and the marketing objective of a broad product line is a good example of the interrelated nature of management problems .Each objectives (conflicts) with the other .
UNIT1 The evolution of management as a field of study
• Glossary
• Evolution Generalize autobiography memoir extremely anthropologist
• Perspective turnover approach contingency dynamic confrontation incur
• 你对我们公司很了解。这样的申请者让我感到耳目一新。
• Interviewee: Yes, I believe that it’s crucial for me to know if a company is right for me, not just if I’m right for the company. I’ve only been impressed by what I’ve read and heard and I see myself having a very rewarding and successful career here.
• 在过去的二十年中，权变方法变得越来越普及,因为研究 发现,了解一个工作的某些特点和做这项工作的人的某些 特征,具体管理实践往往比其他人工作地更好。
• 11、Managers around the globe use more of a contingency approach to survive .Sole (reliance) on a classical or behavioral or a management science approach is not (sufficient) for organizations. 经理在全球 范围内使用的应急方法才能生存。仅仅依赖古典的、行为 的或者科学的管理方法对于一个组织来说是不够的。