研究生学位英语22

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Test 22Part I. Situational Conversations (10%)Directions:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that mostappropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Markyour answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center of thecorresponding letter．1. Sam: Just call my dad! My wife and I had our first baby.Henry (Sam’s friend): __________A. Sorry to hear it.B. Dad, are you OK?C. Really? Congratulations!D. What a nonsense!2. Derek: Have you seen the film Oliver Twist, Kathy?Kathy: Yes, I went last night. __________Derek: Saw it Monday. Good, isn't it?Kathy: Mm, it made me want to read the novel again.A. How disappointing!B. How are things going?C. How nice!D. How about you?3. Fenny: Hello, Tommy. What’s wrong with your arm?Tommy: I broke it when I was skating on the holiday.Fenny: Oh, no! __________Tommy: Much better now, thanks.A. What a trouble!B. Why was that?C. How awful!D. What a nuisance!4. Henry: I want to send this package parcel post, registered.Clerk: __________?Henry: Yes, please, for forty dollars.A. Do you want it ensuredB. Do you want it insuredC. Do you want it preservedD. Do you want it guaranteed5. Frank: Mom, I’m hungry. Could I have dinner now?Mother: OK, Frank. Come and help me _______．A．place the table B．arrange the tableC．fix the table D．set the table6. Speaker A: How do you do? I’m very pleased to meet you.Speaker B: _______________.A. I’m fine. I’m delighted to know you.B. How do you do? The pleasure is mine.C. I’m fine. It’s nice to meet you.D. How do you do? Have a good day.7. Mary：I am thinking of staying up tonight to surf the internet, do you want to join me? Robinson: ____________.A. Not really. I work on the computer all day long. I need a break from computer’s screens.B. Staying in tonight to serve the internet? It’s a good idea. Enjoy yourself.C. What I want to do is nothing else but take a walk..D. Join you with the Internet? What about the Internet?8. Diana: Long time no see, you look a bit tired.Christopher: It’s all because of the experim ent.Diana: No wonder. And now it has been completed, hasn’t it?Christopher: _______________.A. No. I have no idea about it.B. No. It was completed last week.C. Yes. It has been completed beautifully.D. Yes. We need another week to complete it.9. Loral: Goodness, you are in such a good shape!Vivian: Thank you.Loral: Do you do exercise every day?Vivian: ____________A. No, it depends on what kind of exercise.B. No, I go to health club most of the time.C. Yes, usually every day.D. Yes, rain or shine.10. Speaker A: Would you do me a favor?Speaker B: _______________.A. With pleasure.B. I don’t know if I can.C. What is the favor?D. I would.Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)Section ADirections:There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet.(30%)Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.Of the many values that hold civilization together --- honesty, kindness, and so on --- accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law and, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communities --- smaller towns, usually --- where schools maintain discipline and where parents hole up standards that proclaim: “In this family certain things are not tolerated -- they simply are not done!”Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.I don’t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.11. What the wise man said suggests that ___________.A). it’s unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB). It’s certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itC). it’s only natural for virtue to defeat evilD). it’s desirable for good men to keep away from evil12. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime ____________.A). society is to be held responsibleB). modern civilization is responsible for itC). the criminal himself should bear the blameD). the standards of living should be improved13. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have ____________.A). less self-discipline B). better sense of disciplineC). more mutual respect D). less effective government14. The writer is sorry to have noticed that ____________.A). people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB). people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC). today’s society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD). people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities15. The key point of the passage is that ____________.A). stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB). more good examples should be set for people to followC). mor e restrictions should be imposed on people’s behaviorD). more people should accept the value of accountabilityPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage：There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae （or job history）, with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.Ther e was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained that everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggress ive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.16. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns __________.A). informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB). promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC). divides available jobs into various typesD). informs employers of the people available for work17. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because __________.A). there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB). there are so many top level jobs availableC). there are so many people out of workD). the job history is considered to be a work of art18. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would ___________.A). write an initial letter giving their life historyB). pass some exams before applying for a jobC). have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD). keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview19. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter___________.A). something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB). hinted information about the personality of the applicantC). one’s advantages over others in applying for the jobD). an occasional trick with the aggressive approach20. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because ____________.A). there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB). there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC). jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD). the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Very few commenters have a better point of that forbidding exchanging media called E-mail than John Moon, the CEO of E-mail management company Talk Labs. Moon examines a network that deals with 5.0 million letters everyday. The servers run and fixed by Talk Labs manage mail delivery and routing for many companies, including Security Company of England and Malshef Business.As a matter of fact, all of Talk Labs’ customers are made up of companies whose daily E-mail outflow and inflow have substantially increased with the expansion of the Web. “E-mail usage has significantly risen recently,” he says. Indeed, Talk Labs estimates that it has risen from 20 a day each employee as lately as three years ago to 30 or 40 at present.The implications for Corporate America are equally huge. As E-mail researcher and consultant Jack Blour believes, companies can be in the expectation of the volume of E-mail rising through their servers to grow 70% to 90% in 2002. And as individual messages soar it is most likely that they contain memory---companies could finally pay 100% to 150% more simply this year on systems in the store and management of those messages. That’s the reason why tech consultancy Tadigul Group predicts demand for software managing E-mail, such as Microsoft Outlook and Lotus Notes, to grow from $2.6 billion in sales today to $4.4 billion by 2005.Controlling pure junk will cost too much money. About 20% of the E-mail Talk Labs manages is uninvited, according to Moon-who further states that about 1.25% of all the E-mail his company cancels includes useless files.It is estimated that handling spam（垃圾邮件）costs $8.6 billion throughout the world, according to a 2001 Japanese study. And some companies have been worried that the jam ofpornographic spam may urge employees to sue on grounds of disturbance due to being brought discomfort.21. The first sentence of this passage “Very few commenters have a better point of that forbiddingexchanging media called E-mail t han John Moon...” most probably means ____________.A). John Moon clearly know the E-mail is wasting resourcesB). no one knows the fact that E-mail is gossip exchanging way but John MoonC). John Moon does not know anything about the E-mailD). John Moon always concentrates on the ocean of the junk E-mail22. Which of the following is NOT true about Talk Labs?A). It is an E-mail management company.B). All of Talk Labs’ customers are corporations.C). John Moon is the chief technology officer of Talk Labs.D). The company puts the great emphasis on dealing with the junk E-mail.23. The word "that" in the last sentence of the third paragraph most possibly means __________.A). it is expected that Microsoft Outlook and Lotus Notes grow from $2.6 billion in salestoday to $4.4 billion by 2005B). the junk E-mail has been overloaded in the InternetC). the increase of individual messages needs more staffD). the company has paid 100% to 150% for individual message storage24. The following statements about the E-mail have been mentioned EXCEPT _________.A). Moon examines a network that processes 5.0 million letters each dayB). according to Jack Blour, companies can expect the volume of E-mail passing throughtheir servers to grow not more than 50% in 2002C). too much money has been spent in controlling the junk E-mailD). some employees might take legal action in accordance with annoyance arising fromexposure to some unpleasant resources.25. What is the best title for the passage?A). The E-mail Monster B). Talk Labs Business IntroductionC). To Avoid E-mail Surge D). E-mail Destroys Everything Section BDirections:In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements .Read the passage carefully, then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(10%) Cubist (立体派艺术的) paintings have many straight lines and angular(有角的) planes. They sometimes present several different views of an object at the same time. Brooklyn Bridge by Joseph Stella (American, 1879-1946) is a cubist picture of the great cable suspension bridge at night. The bridge, large and important, fills entire painting. Spots of light which shine on the various structures of the bridge suggest the headlights of cars speeding along.Despite the lights, we do not see any activity in the picture. There are no cars or trains, and there are no human forms. Stella is mainly interested in the structure of the bridge. He presents the mystery of the bridge—how it extends through space from shore to shore, how it rises into the sky and does not fall. The picture is well-proportional. In the upper middle section of the painting we see the main suspension tower of the bridge with its three rows of arches(拱形). It looks like a church. The road beneath the tower stretches into the distance and disappears behind the tower to connect with the other shore.In the bottom center there is a prism(棱柱)—like shape which looks like a large diamond. Perhaps it represents the drill which the builders used when they put in the supports for the bridge.To the right of the prism shape there is a row of semicircular arches which retreat into the distance. These arches suggest tunnels beneath the river for subways. Immediately above the tunnel arches, here are straight lines which join together in the distance. Those lines suggest roads over the bridge for cars, people, and trains. At the same time, there is another set of joining lines on the left which suggest other roads across the bridge.Stella painted Brooklyn Bridge at the beginning of the “machine age”. In the work he shows his appreciation of the technology and engineering skills of his time. For the bridge is a symbol of new age.26. What are the main features of the cubist paintings?27. What does the mystery of the bridge refer to?28. Why does the author say that the tower of the bridge looks like a church?29. The fact that tunnels for subways are also painted in the picture shows that as a cubist JosephStella paints the bridge in ______________________.30. Why does the author choose a bridge for painting?Part III Cloze （10%）Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A). B). C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONEthat best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts 31 our protective blanket on 32 . Light gets through, and this is essential 33 plants to make the food which we 34 . Heat, 35 , makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet rays(紫外线的) penetrate the36 . Cosmic(宇宙的) rays of various kinds come 52 the air from outer space, but 53 quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. 39 men leave the atmosphere they are 40 to this radiation; 41 their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, 42 prevent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in 43 . Doses of radiation are measured in 44 c alled “rems (雷目)”. We all 45 radiation here on earth from the sun, from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals. The“ 46 ”dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems; it 47 according to where you live, and this is a very rough estimate. Scientists have reason to think 48 a man can 49 far more radiation 50 without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed.31.A.for B. with C. on D. as32.A.stars B. sun C. earth D. space33.A.with B. from C. under D. fore B. live C. eat D. get35.A.again B. also C. besides D. too36.A.environment B. space C. atmosphere D. earth37.A.across B. to C. from D. through38.A.valid B. enormous C. various D. proper39.A.As soon as B. As well as C. As much as D. As possible as40.A.shown B. exposed C. faced D. covered41.A.but B. because C. so D. so that42.A.get B. make C. have D. do43.A.earth B. atmosphere C. space D. environment44.A.pieces B. units C. parts D. elements45.A.receive B. accept C. bring D. catch46.A.conventional B. common C. general D. normal47.A.shifts B. converts C. modifies D. varies48.A.what B. which C. that D. why49.A.put up with B. keep up with C. come up with D. catch up with50.A.from B. than C. as D. awayPart IV Translation (25%)Section ADirections: In this part there are ten incomplete plete the sentences on the Answer Sheet by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets．(15%)51. （由于面临失业的危险），these workers yielded to the management’s advice.52.Mobile phones （在商界成为时尚）.53.The condition of loneliness （时起时落）, but our need to talk goeson forever .54. （做出了这个决定后）, she joined the organization .55.In addition to telling us about our origins, genetic information is also ___________________(最新原材料) of the medical industry.56.The size of the newly broadened square is （以前的4倍大）.57.This material is rather rare and （什么地方都找不到）.58.The postman （骑着自行车，绕过街角）.59.According to the scientific research （听音乐能使我们放松）.60.According to recent surrey, four million people （死于与吸烟有关的疾病）. Section BDirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answer on the Answer Sheet.(10%)Like every big city, New York has its own traffic system. Traffic jams can be terrible. It’s usually quickest to go by subway. The New York subway is easy to use and quite cheap. The subway goes to almost every corner of Manhattan. But it is not safe to take the subway late at night because in some places you could get robbed. New York buses are also easy to use. You see more if you go by bus. There are more than 30,000 taxis in New York. They are easy to see, because they are bright yellow and carry large TAXI signs. Taxis do not go outside the city.However, they will go to the airports. In addiction to the taxi fare, people give the taxi driver a tip of 15% of the fare’s value.Part V Writing (15%)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Health and Wealth. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below inEnglish. Write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET．Outline:1. Which one is more important, health or wealth?2. Talk about your reasons.3. Draw a conclusion.。