阿基米德原理【英文】

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初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表

初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表

初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics测量measure (vt.)测量工具measuring tool测量范围measuring range最小刻度division value实验experiment实验室laboratory误差error刻度尺meter ruler零刻度线zero graduation line 长度length单位unit面积area千米kilometer米meter平方米square meter立方米cubic meter分米decimeter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter微米micron纳米nanometer时间time小时hour分钟minute秒second毫秒millisecond体积volume升Liter毫升Milliliter天平balance砝码weights游码rider质量mass吨ton 千克kilogram克gram毫克milligram停表stop watch 力force牛顿Newton测力计dynamometer弹簧秤spring balanceⅡ、运动(simple motion)相对运动relative motion方向direction位置position路程path静止rest参照物reference速度velocity平均速度average velocity直线运动rectilinear motion曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motionⅡ、热(heat)温度temperature温度计thermometer摄氏度degree centigrade体温计clinical thermometer分子molecules分子运动molecular motion物质substance物体object状态state固体solid液体liquid气体gas物态变化state transformation晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal熔化melting凝固solidification熔点melting point凝固点solidifying point汽化vaporization蒸发evaporation沸腾boiling沸点boiling point液化liquefaction升华sublimation凝华condensation扩散diffusion吸引力attractive force排斥力repulsive force冰箱refrigerator热传递heat transfer热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection热辐射heat radiation吸收absorb(v.)放出release(v.)热量heat比热(容)specific heat (capacity)Ⅳ、光(light)光源light source光的直线传播rectilinear propagation of light均匀介质well-distributed medium光速velocity of light小孔成像image byping hole日食solar eclipse月食lunar eclipse光的色散dispersion of light平面镜plane mirror光的反射reflectionof light反射定律reflection law入射光线incident ray反射光线reflected ray法线normal镜面反射mirror reflection漫反射diffuse reflection入射角incident angle反射角reflection angle海市蜃楼mirage光的折射refractionof light 折射光线refracted ray折射角refraction angle光屏(屏幕)screen照相机camera潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector电影放映机film projector空气air真空vacuum蜡烛candle透镜lens凸透镜convex lens凹透镜concave lens会聚converge(v.)发散diverge(v.)焦距focal length焦点focus实像real image虚像virtual image(主)光轴principal optical axis 光心optical centerof lens放大的amplified缩小的reduced正立的erected倒立的inverted放大镜magnifier玻璃glass水waterⅤ、磁(magnetism)磁体magnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole北极South pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current条形磁铁bar magnet磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnetⅥ、声音(sound)振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel(dB)回声echo频率frequencyⅦ、力(force)重力gravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction 大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力component force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law支点pivotⅧ、电(electricity)电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图circuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat 半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Ohm’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power电键key(switch)电流electric current额定电压rated voltage干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power蓄电池storage plate安培计ammeter。

阿基米德原理的内容

阿基米德原理的内容

阿基米德原理的内容阿基米德原理是古希腊数学家、哲学家阿基米德在其著作《几何证明》中提出的一种基本几何学原理。

英文全称叫“AxiomsofEuclid”,简称 EU。

这一数学原理称为“阿基米德公理”,是历史上最伟大的数学家之一,他为数学提出了一系列重大的概念,其中最著名的就是阿基米德公理。

阿基米德原理概括为“全等三角形内角和等于两直角”,即说明两个相等的三角形,它们具有相同的内角和。

这是阿基米德公理最简单的表述,它可以用算术证明、几何证明以及其他方法来证实。

阿基米德原理的最重要特点在于,它的证明不考虑概念的实际应用,只依靠基础的普遍准则来进行证明。

例如,它认为直线是由无数相等的点所组成,并且可以进行无数分割;它认为一个三角形有三条边,并且一个三角形的三条边都可以分别画出;它认为一个圆形是一个由无数相等的点所组成的图形,并且可以进行无数分割。

阿基米德原理对数学的发展产生了深远的影响,它是数学基础理论的重要组成部分。

它为很多基础性理论的推导、发展奠定了基础,尤其是在几何学中。

此外,它还为很多高等数学理论的发展提供了重要的先导性思想,如研究多维几何、代数学等。

阿基米德原理不仅是数学史上最重要的发现之一,对数学发展有很大的影响,它也具有重要的价值,从理论上以及更宽泛的意义上,它的影响跨越科学、技术、教育、文化以及社会等多个领域。

阿基米德原理在数学中的作用,可以概括为它的原则是无论何时都不会受到改变,而且其结果永远可信赖。

而在其他领域,阿基米德原理也体现出重要的价值。

他提出的“一切从简”为社会发展提出了重要的建议,以做到最有效率的学习、执行、管理等准则,并且他提倡的“自由追求合理”也被认为是一种英雄主义,因为它说明,只有合理的自由才能使一个人完全调动起自己的潜能,为社会做出贡献。

综上所述,阿基米德原理是古希腊数学家阿基米德提出的一种基本几何学原理,它是数学基础理论的重要组成部分,其作用对数学及其他科学领域有着深远的影响,其原则是无论何时都不会受到改变,而且其结果永远可信赖,其中最重要的价值是它宣扬的“一切从简”以及“自由追求合理”的理念。

初中物理阿基米德应用方法研究

初中物理阿基米德应用方法研究

初中物理阿基米德应用方法研究阿基米德(Archimedes)是古希腊的一位著名科学家,他在物理学上作出了许多重要贡献。

其中,阿基米德原理是他的最著名的成就之一。

阿基米德原理是指:物体在液体或气体中所受的浮力等于它排泄的液体或气体的重量。

这一原理在实际应用中有着广泛而又重要的应用。

阿基米德原理最常见的应用是在浮力的计算。

我们可以通过阿基米德原理来计算物体在水中的浮力大小。

首先,需要测量物体的体积。

然后,将物体浸入水中,根据被排出的水的质量得到物体在水中的浮力。

由于水的密度是已知的,所以就可以根据阿基米德原理来求出物体的密度。

另外一个常见的应用是在船舶和潜水艇的设计中。

船舶和潜水艇的设计需要考虑到它们在水中的浮力和稳定性。

阿基米德原理可以用来计算船舶和潜水艇的浮力,从而使设计者可以根据需要来调整设计参数,以达到更好的浮力和稳定性。

阿基米德原理还可以用来解释一些日常生活中的现象。

比如说,当我们在水中游泳时,我们感觉身体变轻了,这是因为我们在水中受到的浮力与我们在空气中受到的重力相抵消了。

此外,当我们在水中举起一个重物时,我们会感觉这个物体变得轻了。

这也是因为物体在水中的浮力与物体自身重力相抵消了。

我们还可以通过阿基米德原理来设计一些创新性的产品。

比如说,一些鞋子和泳衣可以利用阿基米德原理来提供额外的浮力,帮助人们更容易地在水中保持浮力。

又比如说,一些生产塑料玩具的公司可以利用阿基米德原理来设计玩具,使它们可以在水中漂浮。

总的来说,阿基米德原理是一个非常有用的物理学原理,它不仅可以用来解释物理现象,还可以直接应用到实际生活中的许多领域。

因此,阿基米德原理的研究和应用具有重要的意义。

阿基米德的几个原理

阿基米德的几个原理

阿基米德的几个原理
阿基米德(Archimedes)是古希腊的一位数学家、物理学家和工程师,他提出了许多重要的科学原理。

以下是他的几个主要原理:
1. 阿基米德原理(Archimedes' principle):当物体浸入液体中时,所受浮力等于物体排出的液体的重量,或者说物体所受浮力等于所排开的液体的重量。

这个原理解释了为什么浮在水面上的物体受到浮力支持。

2. 阿基米德螺旋(Archimedes' screw):是一种可以把水或其他液体从低处抽到高处的装置。

这个装置基于阿基米德提出的螺旋形状态的原理。

3. 阿基米德平衡原理(Archimedes' principle of equilibrium):当物体平衡时,它所受的浮力等于它受到的重力。

这个原理对于解释浮力、浮标等平衡系统非常有用。

4. 阿基米德定律(Archimedes' law):关于浮力的定律——浮在液体中的物体所受浮力等于排开的液体的重量。

这个定律是阿基米德原理的数学表述形式。

5. 阿基米德杠(Archimedes' lever):是基于杠杆原理的一种简单机械装置。

阿基米德研究了杠杆的力学性质,并提出了杠杆原理。

这些原理和定律在物理学、工程学和应用数学中都有广泛的应用和重要性。

阿基
米德的贡献对科学和技术产生了深远的影响。

阿基米德原理英语

阿基米德原理英语

阿基米德原理英语Archimedes' PrincipleArchimedes' principle, named after the Greek mathematician and scientist Archimedes of Syracuse, states that an object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.To understand this principle better, let's start by examining the concept of buoyancy. Buoyancy refers to the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it. This force enables objects to float or to feel lighter when submerged in a fluid than they do in air.According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. To determine the buoyant force, we need to find the weight of the fluid displaced.The weight of the fluid displaced can be calculated by using the formula:Weight of fluid displaced = density of fluid x volume of fluid displaced x acceleration due to gravity.The density of a substance refers to the mass per unit volume, usuall y measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). The volume of the fluid displaced is equivalent to the volume ofthe object submerged in the fluid. Acceleration due to gravityis a constant value, approximately equal to 9.8 m/s².Based on this formula, we can see that the buoyant force depends on the density and volume of the fluid displaced, aswell as the acceleration due to gravity. The weight of the fluid displaced acts in the opposite direction to the gravitational force acting on the object, reducing its overall weight.Archimedes' principle can explain various phenomena we observe in everyday life. For example, it explains why objects that are denser than water sink while those that are less dense float. When an object is denser than the fluid it is submerged in, the weight of the fluid displaced is less than the weight of the object, and it sinks. On the other hand, if an object isless dense than the fluid, the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object, causing it to float.This principle also explains why objects feel lighter when submerged in a fluid. The liquid exerts an upward force on the object that partially counteracts the downward force of gravity, making the object feel lighter. This effect can be observed when we lift heavy objects in a swimming pool, where the buoyantforce reduces the apparent weight of the object.Additionally, Archimedes' principle is the principle behind the functioning of various objects, such as boats and submarines. The principle of buoyancy helps these objects stay afloat orcontrol their depth by adjusting the amount of fluid they displace. By increasing or decreasing the volume of the fluid displaced, these objects can alter the upward buoyant force and control their buoyancy.In conclusion, Archimedes' principle provides insight into the relationship between an object immersed in a fluid and the buoyant force it experiences. Understanding this principle not only helps explain various phenomena related to buoyancy but also contributes to the design and operation of objects that rely on buoyancy for their functioning.。

阿基米德原理

阿基米德原理
阿基米德原理
A company is an association or collection of individuals.
1.通过实验探究出浮力的大小与哪些因素有关; 2.理解阿基米德原理,会用F浮=G排液进行简单计算。
•2
这些物体受到的浮力大小相同吗?浮力的大 小和哪些因素有关呢?
河水
海水

公式:F浮=G排=m排g=p液V排g

注:阿基米德原理不仅适用于液体也适用于气体。
河水
海水
猜想……
轮船从江河航行到 大海,吃水的深度 变化了 浮力的大小还可 能与什么有关呢? 浮力可 能与液 体的密 度有关
探究影响浮力大小的因素
同一个物体 浸在水中的 体积不同时, 弹簧测力计
示 数 变 小
的示数会怎
样变化呢?
同一个物体, 浸没在液体中 的深度不同时, 弹簧测力计的 示数没有 变哦
通过分析数据可以看出: 物体全部浸没在液体时,F浮=G排
浸在液体中的物体受到竖直向上的 浮力,浮力的大小等于物体排开液 体受到的重力的大小。 ------阿基米德原理
阿基米德原理的数学表达式:
F浮=G排=ρ液 V排g
结论:
浸入液体中的物体所受浮力的大小等于物体排开的液 体所受重力的大小,这便是著名的阿基米德原理。
示数会不会变
呢?
■物体在液体中所受浮力的大小不仅与液体的密度有 关,还与物体排开液体的体积有关,而与浸没在液体 中的深度无关。
我们来猜一猜:
浮上来的皮球,从它刚露出水
F浮
F浮
F浮
面到最后漂在水面上不动的过
程,它受到的浮力怎样变化? ( 变小 )浸没在水里的体积 怎样变化?( 变小 )它排开水 的重力怎样变化?( 变小 )

阿基米德原理英文

阿基米德原理英文

阿基米德原理英文Archimedes' principle is a fundamental concept in physics and engineering that explains the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid. It was discovered by the ancient Greek mathematician and inventor, Archimedes, who lived in the 3rd century BCE.According to Archimedes' principle, an object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force that is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. In other words, when an object is placed in a fluid, it displaces a certain amount of fluid equal to its own volume, and this displacement creates an upward force that opposes the weight of the object.To explain this principle further, let's consider a simple example. Imagine a solid object, such as a block of metal, submerged in a pool of water. The weight of the block creates a downward force on the object, while the water exerts an upward buoyant force on it. These forces are in equilibrium when the object is suspended in the fluid, leading to a stable position.The buoyant force can be calculated using the equation Fb = ρfluid × V × g, where Fb is the buoyant force, ρfluid is the density of the fluid, V is the volume of the fluid displaced by the object, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. This equation illustrates that the magnitude of the buoyant force is directly proportional to the volume of the fluid displaced.Archimedes' principle has numerous applications in various fields. In shipbuilding, for example, it plays a crucial role in determining the stability and buoyancy of vessels. Engineers also rely on the principle to design submarines, hot air balloons, and other objects that interact with fluids. Additionally, it is the basis for understanding the behavior of objects floating in liquids, such as icebergs and oil tankers.In conclusion, Archimedes' principle is a fundamental principle in physics that explains the buoyant force experienced by an object submerged in a fluid. It provides insights into the equilibrium of forces acting on an immersed object and has widespread applications in engineering and other fields. Archimedes' discovery of this principle was a significant contribution to the understanding of the physical world and continues to be essential in modern-day science.。

物理英文术语及常用词汇

物理英文术语及常用词汇

物理英文术语及常用词汇物理英文术语及常用词汇为了方便广大考生更好的'复习,店铺整理了物理英语术语及常用词汇,以供各位考生考试复习参考。

希望对考生复习有所帮助。

物理英文术语及常用词汇篇1力 force重力 gravity摩擦力 friction拉力 traction质量 mass惯量 Interia加速度 acceleration力矩 torque静止 at rest相对 relative能量 energy动能 kenetic energy势能 potential energy功 work动量 momentum角动量 angular momentum能量守恒 energy conservation保守力 conserved force振动 vibration振幅 amplitude波 wave驻波 standing wave震荡 oscillation相干波 coherent wave干涉 interference衍射 diffraction轨道 obital速度 velocity速率 speed大小 magnatitude方向 direction水平 horizental竖直 vertical相互垂直 perpendicular坐标 coordinate直角坐标系 cersian coordinate system 极坐标系 polar coordinate system弹簧 spring球体 sphere环 loop盘型 disc圆柱形 cylinder电学磁学:电子 electron电荷charge电流 current电场 electric field电通量 electric flux电势electirc potential导体 conductor电介质 dieletric绝缘体 insultalor电阻 resistor电阻率 resistivity电容capacitor无穷 infinite横截面 cross ection匀强电场 uniform electric field分布 ditribution磁场 magnetic field磁通量 magnetic flux电感 inductance变压器 transformer频率 frequency周期 period电磁波 electomagnetic wave平面 plane热学:热平衡 thermal equilibrium理想气体 ideal gas热能 thermal energy热量 heat热容 heat capacity外界 surrounding准静态过程 quasi-static process等体过程 isochoric process等压过程 isobaric process等温过程 isothermal process绝热过程 adiabatic process循环 cycle光学光 light光程 optical path光强度 light intensity偏振 polarization 波长 wave length 传播 propagation量子力学(高中好像讲了一点点)原子 atomic 光子 photon光电效应 photo-electric effect物质波 matter wave光谱 spectrum激光 laser衰减 decay辐射 radiation械振动 mechanical vibration简谐振动 simple harmonic oscillation振幅 amplitude周期 period频率 ferquency赫兹 hertz单摆 simple pendulum受迫振动 forced vibration共振 resonnance机械波 mechanical wave介质 medium横波 transverse wave纵波 longitudinal wave波长 wavelength超声波 supersonic wave阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadro constant布朗运动 Brown mation热运动 thermal motion热力学能 thermal energy内能 internal energy热力学第一定律 first law of thermodynamics 能量守恒定律 law of conservation of energy热力学第二定律 second law of thermodynamics 各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy单晶体 single crystal(monocrystal)多晶体 ploycrystal表面张力 surface tension毛细现象 capillarity液晶 liquid crystal电荷 electric charge电荷量 queantity df electricity正电荷 positive charg负电荷 negative charg库仑定律 Coulomb law静电感应 electrostatic induction感应电荷 inducde charge元电荷 elementary charge电荷守恒定律 law of conservation of charge库仑(电荷单位) coulomb电场 electric fileld电场强度 electric field strength电场线 electric potential电势 electric potential电势差/电压 electric potential difference伏特 volt电容 capacitance电容器 capacitor法拉(电容单位) farad电流 electric current安培(电流单位) ampere电阻 resistance欧姆(电阻单位) ohm电动势 electormotive force(e.m.f.)半导体 semiconductor超导体 superconductor磁性 magnetism磁场 magnetic field磁感线 magnetic induction line安培定则 Ampere rule安培力 Ampere force磁感应强度 magnetic induction左手定则 left-hand rule洛伦兹力 Lorentz force磁通量 magnetic flux电磁感应 elctromagnetic induction感应电流 induction current感应电动势 induction electromotive force电磁感应定律 law of electromagnetic induction 右手定则 right-hand rule自感 self-induction交流 alternating current瞬时值 instantaneous value峰值 peak value有效值 effective value电感 inductance变压器 transformer电能 electric energy电磁场 electromagnetic field电磁波 electromagnetic wave雷达 radar光线 light ray平行光 parallel light实象 real image虚象 virtual image折射 refaction入射角 incident angle反射角 reflection angle折射角 diffraction angle折射率 diffraction index全反射 total reflection临界角 critical angle光导纤维 optical fiber棱镜 prism色散 dispersion光谱 spectrum波的衍射 diffraction of wave波的干涉 interference of waves 红外线 infrared ray紫外线 ultraviolet rayX射线 X-ray电磁波谱 electromagnetic effect 光电效应 photoelectric effect光子 photon普朗克常数 Planck constant波粒二象性 wave-particle duality 概率波 probability wave物质波 matter wave电子 electron质子 proton中子 neutron核子 nucleon同位数 isotope原子核 nucleus能级 energy level基态 ground state激发态 excited state跃迁 transition放射性 radioactivityα射线α rayβ射线β rayγ射线γ ray衰变 decay核反应 nuclear reaction核能 nuclear energy质能方程 mass-energy equation裂变 fission链式反应 chain reaction聚变 fusion热核反应 thermonuclear reaction介子 meson轻子 lepton强子 hadron物理英文术语及常用词汇篇2AAbsolute acceleration 绝对加速度Absolute error 绝对误差Absolute motion 绝对运动Absolute temperature 绝对温度Absolute velocity 绝对速度Absolute zero 绝对零度Absorption 吸收Absorptivity 吸收率Accelerated motion 加速运动Acceleration of gravity重力加速度Acceleration 加速度Accidental error 偶然误差Acoustics 声学Acting force 作用力Adjustment 调节Aether 以太Air pump 抽气机Air table 气垫桌Air track 气垫导轨Alternating current circuit 交流电路Alternating current generator交流发电机Alternating 交流电Altimeter 测高仪Ammeter 安培计Amperemeter 电流计Ampere 安培Ampere’s experiment 安培试验Ampere’s force 安培力Ampere’s law 安培定律Amperemeter 安培计Amplitude 振幅Angle of rotation 自转角转动角Angular acceleration 角加速度Angular displacement 角位移Angular velocity 角速度Anion 负离子Anisotropy 各向异性AnnihilationAnode 阳极Antenna 天线Applied physics 应用物理学Archimedes principle阿基米德原理Area 面积Argumentation 论证Argument 辐角Astigmatoscope 散光镜Atomic nucleus 原子核Atomic physics 原子物理学Atomic spectrum 原子光谱Atomic structure 原子结构Atom 原子Atwood’s machine阿特伍德机Average power 平均功率Average velocity 平均速度Avogadroconstant 阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro law 阿伏加德罗定律Bbalance 天平ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计band spectrum 带状谱barometer 气压机basic quantity 基本量basic units 基本单位battery charger 电池充电器battery accumulator 蓄电池battery 电池组beam 光束betatron 电子感应加速器Bohr atom model 波尔原子模型Boiling point 沸点Boiling 沸腾Bounce 反弹Bound charge 束缚电荷Bound electron 束缚电子Branch circuit 支路Breakdown 击穿Brightness 亮度Buoyancy force 浮力CCalorifics 热学camera 照相机capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capillarity 毛细现象cathode ray 阴极射线cathode-ray tude 阴极射线管cathode 阴极cation 正离子cell 电池Celsius scale 摄氏温标Centre of gravity 重心Centre of mass 质心Centrifugal force 离心力Centripetal acceleration 向心加速度Centripetal force 向心力Chain reaction 链式反应Chaos 混沌Characteristic spectrum 特征光谱Charged body 带电体Charged particle 带电粒子Charge 充电Circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射Circular motion 圆周运动Classical mechanics 经典力学Classical physics 经典物理学Cloud chamber 云室Coefficient of maximum static friction 最大静摩擦系数Coefficient of restitution 恢复系数Coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数Coefficient 系数Coil 线圈Collision 碰撞Component force 分力Coherent light 相干光源Component velocity 分速度Composition of forces 力的合成Composition of velocities 速度的合成Compression 压缩Concave lens 凹透镜Concave mirror 凹面镜Concurrent force 共点力Condensation 凝结Condenser 电容器Conducting medium 导电介质Conductor 导体Conservative force field 保守立场Conservative force 保守力Constant force 恒力Constant 常量Continuous spectrum 连续谱Convergent lens 会聚透镜Convex lens 凸透镜Convex mirror 凸面镜Coordinate system 坐标系Coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奥利力Corpuscular property 例子性Corpuscular theory 微粒说Coulomb force 库仑力Coulomb 库仑Coulomb’s law库仑定律counter 计数器creation 产生creepage 漏电crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical resistance 临界电阻critical temperature 临界温度crystal 晶体current density 电流密度current element 电流元current source电流源current strength 电流强度curvilinear motion 曲线运动cyclotron 回旋加速器DDamped vibration 阻尼震动Damping 阻尼Daniell cell 丹尼尔电池Data processing 数据处理Data 数据Decay衰变Definition of ampere 安培的定义Defocusing 散集Density 密度Derived quantity 导出量Derived unit 导出单位Dielectric 电介质Diffraction pattern衍射图样Diffraction 衍射Diffuse reflection 漫反射Digital timer 数字计时器Dimensional exponent量纲指数Dimension 量纲Diode 二极管Diopter 屈光度Direct current 直流(dc)Direct impact 正碰Direct measurement 直接测量Discharge 放电Disorder 无序物理英文术语及常用词汇篇3physics 物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡statics 静力学motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声,洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性,磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片,集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify (动词)放大amplifier 放大器,扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光(学)的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜,镜片microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的【物理英文术语及常用词汇】。

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1. rises upwards (Upthrust > Weight of hot air (helium gas) + weight of airship fabric + weight of gondola + weight of passengers.)( balloonБайду номын сангаасexpand) 2..descends (Upthrust < Weight of hot air (helium gas) + weight of airship fabric + weight of gondola + weight of passengers.)(balloon shrinks) 3. stationary (Upthrust = Weight of hot air (helium gas) + weight of airship fabric + weight of gondola + weight of passengers.)( balloon size uncanged)
SINKING AND FLOATING OBJECTS
The reading of spring balance is 2.7 N
The reading of spring balance is 1.7 N
What is the reading of spring balance if the wood is attached to it ?
cold sea water
1. Why the depth of ship immersed in the water different?
Fresh water less dense than sea water and warm water less dense than coldwater so warm fresh water need to be displaced more to keep the uptrust force equal with weight of the boat so it still can float.
2. If the plasticine is formed into a ball, it will sink. But when it is formed into a hull it will float. Why?
-
BECAUSE…..
APPLICATIONS
Hot air balloon
The Law of Floatation
A floating object displaces its own weight of fluid in which it floats.
THINK!!!!!
warm fresh water
cold fresh water
warm sea water
for example, a metal block with a volume of 100 cm3 is dipped in water, it displaces an equal volume of water, which has a weight of approximately 1 N. The block therefore seems to weigh about 1 N less.
3.5….ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
Who is Archimedes?
• Archimedes (287-212 BC), pre-eminent Greek mathematician and inventor, who wrote important works on plane and solid geometry, arithmetic, and mechanics.
– "Archimedes",Microsoft« Encarta« Encyclopedia 2001. ⌐ 1993-2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved
.
The law
• Archimedes' Principle, law of physics that states that when an object is totally or partially immersed in a fluid, it experiences an upthrust equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. The principle is most frequently applied to the behaviour of objects in water, and helps to explain floating and sinking, and why objects seem lighter in water. It also applies to balloons in the air.
UPTHRUST AND BUOYANT FORCE
The key word in the principle is “upthrust” (or buoyant force), which refers to the force acting upward to reduce the actual weight of the object when it is under water.
Buoyant Force and Floatation
Buoyant force = weight the object floats and stationary Buoyant force > weight the object moves up Buoyant force < weight the object moves down
ZERO
Density and Buoyancy
From Archimedes’s Principle : Buoyant Force = Weight of fluid displaced = mg (note : F = ma) = Vg (note : = m ) V Thus FB = V g Where …… FB = Buoyant Force or Upthrust = Density of fluid V = Volume of fluid displaced or the volume of the object that immersed in the fluid.
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