高中英语如何选择定语从句的引导词
2023年高中英语定语从句引导词的选择及注意要点
2023年高中英语定语从句引导词的选择及注意要点介词的选用介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词往往受上下文的约束，究竟使用哪个介词时得从下面几方面来进行考虑。
(1)从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发。
如：In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前有一棵树，鸟儿正在树上唱歌。
(在树上一般用介词in)(2)从定语从句中的动词、形容词对介词的习惯要求出发。
如：The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen. 我花了五千元所买的这台电脑使深圳造的。
( pay 与for搭配)(3) 从先行词、定语从句中的动词或形容词两方面同时考虑出发。
如：Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now? 你认识跟那个男谈话的女孩吗？(talk 究竟接to, with还是接about, 这该由动词及现行词一起决定)(4)复合介词+关系代词。
如：Go down this road, at the end of which you can see a high building and it is our office building. 沿着条路走，在路的尽头你会看到一座高大的建筑，那就是我们的办公大楼。
(5)名词+介词+ 关系代词。
如：He has three children, one of whose children is studying abroad now. 他又三个小孩，其中一个在国外读书。
注意：当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时，介词不能放到关系代词之前。
如：She has a little daughter, who is looked after by her grandma. 就不能写成：She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma. 因为，look after 是不可分开的固定短语。
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择与辨析
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择与辨析定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构，也是高中英语考试中经常涉及的内容。
而在定语从句中，引导词的选择与辨析则是一个需要注意的问题。
本文将就定语从句的引导词选择与辨析进行详细分析，帮助高中学生突破这一难点。
一、引导词的选择在选择定语从句的引导词时，需要根据从句所修饰的先行词来确定合适的引导词。
下面将列举一些常见的引导词及其用法。
1. 关系代词关系代词包括"that, which, who, whom, whose"等，它们在定语从句中作为主语、宾语、定语等成分。
当先行词是物时，通常使用"that"或"which"。
"that"用于限定性定语从句，它不能省略；"which"用于非限定性定语从句，它可以省略。
例如：The car that I bought yesterday is very expensive.（我昨天买的车非常贵。
）My new laptop, which is very fast, was stolen.（我新买的笔记本电脑，非常快，被偷了。
）当先行词是人时，通常使用"who, whom, whose"。
"who"用于修饰主语，"whom"用于修饰宾语，"whose"用于修饰所有格。
例如：The girl who is laughing is my sister.（笑的那个女孩是我妹妹。
）The man whom I met yesterday is a doctor.（我昨天遇到的那个男人是个医生。
）The doctor whose car was stolen called the police.（被偷车的医生报警了。
）2. 关系副词关系副词包括"when, where, why"等，它们在定语从句中用来修饰时间、地点和原因。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。
who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that 既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。
关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
*非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。
不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。
关系词不可省略。
一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that，as；关系副词when，where，why。
定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。
1．定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who ／that，修饰物时用which ／that引导。
如：Is this the factory which ／that makes TV sets？The man who ／that visited our school is from Australia．2．从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用who ／whom ／that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which ／that或省略引导词。
如：Gone are the days which ／that we spent together in the village．He is the man who ／whom ／that I think to be worthy of our praise．3．从句中缺时间状语，用when或介词＋which引导。
如：The day finally came when ／on which I was given a job．We'll put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy．4．从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择辨析应用及提高方法
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择辨析应用及提高方法定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句型，用于对主句中的某一名词或代词进行修饰和补充。
在定语从句的使用中，引导词的选择十分关键，不同的引导词决定了从句的语义和用法。
本文将从定语从句引导词的选择、辨析、应用以及提高方法等方面进行讨论。
一、定语从句引导词的选择1.关系代词关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose等。
在选择关系代词时，需要根据先行词在从句中的成分和性质进行判断。
（1）that：用于修饰人或物，可以用于限制性和非限制性定语从句，指代的先行词可以是人或物。
（2）which：用于修饰物，可以用于非限制性定语从句，指代的先行词是物。
（3）who/whom：用于修饰人，可以用于非限制性定语从句，指代的先行词是人。
2.关系副词关系副词包括where、when、why等。
在选择关系副词时，需要根据先行词在从句中的地点、时间或原因等特征进行判断。
（1）where：用于修饰地点，在从句中作状语。
（2）when：用于修饰时间，在从句中作状语。
（3）why：用于修饰原因，在从句中作状语。
二、定语从句引导词的辨析应用1.that和which的区别（1）在非限制性定语从句中，只能使用which，不能使用that。
（2）在修饰人的情况下，非限制性定语从句可以使用that或which；在修饰物的情况下，只能使用which。
2.who和whom的区别（1）who用于主语位置，whom用于宾语位置。
（2）在非限制性定语从句中，只能使用who，不能使用whom。
3.which和whom的区别（1）which用于修饰物，在从句中充当主语或宾语。
（2）whom用于修饰人，在从句中充当宾语。
三、定语从句引导词的提高方法1.积累关系词通过读书和阅读英语文章，积累不同场景下关系代词和关系副词的用法，熟练掌握各种关系词的使用条件和句子结构。
2.多加练习通过做练习题和语法习题，增加对定语从句引导词的敏感度和准确度，掌握其在不同句子中的运用。
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则解析
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则解析定语从句在英语中被广泛使用，用于修饰名词或代词。
在构建和理解定语从句时，选择合适的引导词至关重要。
本文将对定语从句引导词的选择以及相关语法规则进行解析，以帮助读者正确运用定语从句。
一、定语从句引导词的选择1. 关系代词who, whom和whose关系代词who, whom和whose用于修饰人。
其中，who用于主语或宾语位置，例如：- The man who is standing over there is my father.- This is the doctor whom I visited yesterday.而whose用于表示所属关系，例如：- The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.2. 关系代词which和that关系代词which和that用于修饰事物。
which用于非限定性定语从句，其中的信息可以省略而不影响句子的完整性，例如：- I bought a new laptop, which is very powerful.而that用于限制性定语从句，其中的信息不能省略，例如：- The book that is on the table belongs to me.3. 关系代词where和when关系代词where用于修饰地点，when用于修饰时间，例如：- I still remember the city where I was born.- I will never forget the day when we met.4. 关系副词why关系副词why用于修饰原因，通常出现在一个由表示原因的名词、动词或形容词引导的从句中，例如：- I don't know the reason why he quit his job.二、定语从句的语法规则解析1. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句用于为前面提到的名词或代词提供额外的信息，不限制或限定其范围。
定语从句的引导词与位置
定语从句的引导词与位置定语从句是英语中一种常见的从句类型，用来修饰名词或代词，起到进一步说明或限定的作用。
在定语从句中，引导词的选择和位置是非常关键的。
本文将就定语从句的引导词与位置进行探讨。
一、引导词的选择定语从句的引导词根据在定语从句中所充当的成分和具体语境来选择。
英语中常见的定语从句引导词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
根据搭配和语境，我们可以选择合适的引导词。
1. who/whom/whose这三个引导词用于修饰人，其中who用于主语，whom用于宾语，whose用于所属关系。
例如：- The man who is standing over there is my brother.- The girl whom I met yesterday is a famous actress.- The boy whose mother is a doctor won the first prize.2. which/that这两个引导词用于修饰物，which用于非限定性定语从句，that用于限定性定语从句。
例如：- This is the book which/that I bought yesterday. (限定性定语从句)- My car, which is black, is parked outside. (非限定性定语从句)二、引导词的位置定语从句的引导词的位置也是需要注意的。
引导词的位置通常有两种情况：紧挨在被修饰词之后，或者放在定语从句的开头。
1. 引导词紧跟在被修饰词之后这种情况通常出现在非限定性定语从句和介词短语后的定语从句中。
例如：- The cat, which is black, is my pet. (非限定性定语从句)- The school in which I study is very famous. (介词短语后的定语从句)2. 引导词放在定语从句的开头这种情况是最常见的，引导词位于定语从句中的第一个词。
高中英语定语从句中的解题方法技巧
解答高中英语定语从句中的方法技巧一看可化难为易。
巧用以下口决，选择引导定语从句的引导词是学习定语从句的难点。
指人还是物，二看介词在何处；三看句中作何用，四看否属特殊。
方法一：作定语，既指人whose(和)作宾语whom(、（作主语）who“一看指人还是物”指人时用只能指物，which既可指人又可指物，但在当代英语中多指物；that；)又指物which与that可省略。
如：that 或whom,which在句中作主语或宾语；在非正式文体中，作宾语的people,指人，修饰先行词In the beginning, people who bought them often got angry. (who刚开始，买的人经常会生气。
)作从句的主语。
plant,修饰先行词指物，They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice.(which ) 。
that可换为which作从句的主语，此处他们需要一种不像水稻那样需要大量水的作物。
）指物，在从句中作定语。
whose（这里I've bought a new dictionary whose cover is blue. 我买了一本封皮是蓝色的字典。
which,，指物时不可想当然误用，也可指“某物的”既可指“某人的”whose）1（难点：”的表达方式。
of which +n”的表达方法，也可用“the+n.+of which但可使用“ I've bought a new dictionary, the cover of which is blue. 例句：① I've bouth a new dict ionary of which the cover is blue. ②(2)Do you 如：作宾语。
whom可替换位于从句句首时，who当引导词在非正式文体中， know the boy who/whom we talked to just now? 方法二：而不能用whom介词之后只能用若指人，当介词置于从句之首时，“二看介词在何处” 。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词
选择定语从句的引导词通常需要考虑从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。
以
下是一些建议：
1.先确定引导词的功能：定语从句的引导词可以是关系代词（如who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（如when, where, why）。
2.考虑从句的意义和结构：根据从句的意义和结构来选择引导词。
例如，如果从句描述人，可以使用"who"或"that"作为引导词；如果从句描
述物，可以使用"which"或"that"作为引导词。
3.注意主句与从句之间的关系：如果从句补充解释主句中的人或物，
可以使用"that"或"which"作为引导词；如果从句提供进一步的信息或限
制条件，可以使用"who"、"whom"或"whose"作为引导词。
4.注意上下文的语境：上下文的语境可以提供一些线索，选择合适的
引导词。
例如，如果主句已经提到了人的名字，可以使用"who"或"whom"
作为引导词。
5.遵循语法规则：根据英语语法规则选择合适的引导词。
例如，关系
代词"who"可以用于指代人，而关系代词"which"可以用于指代物。
需要注意的是，以上只是一些建议，具体的选择还要根据语境和需要
来决定。
学习和使用定语从句的引导词需要多多练习和积累经验。
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如何选择定语从句的引导词*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。
who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that 既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。
关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
*非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。
不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。
关系词不可省略。
一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that，as；关系副词when，where，why。
定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。
1．定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who ／that，修饰物时用which ／that引导。
如：Is this the factory which ／that makes TV sets？The man who ／that visited our school is from Australia．2．从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用who ／whom ／that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which ／that或省略引导词。
如：Gone are the days which ／that we spent together in the village．He is the man who ／whom ／that I think to be worthy of our praise．3．从句中缺时间状语，用when或介词＋which引导。
如：The day finally came when ／on which I was given a job．We'll put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy．4．从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。
如：Please put the letter on the desk where ／on which he can easily find it．5．从句中缺原因状语或先行词是reason时，引导词用why ／for which ／that。
如：This is the reason why ／for which ／that he didn't come to the meeting．6．从句中缺定语，人和物都用whose引导。
如：A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan．Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black．7．当先行词是way时，其定语从句的引导词用in which ／that。
如：The way in which ／that he looks at problems is wrong．二、引导词as可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。
1．在固定词组the same．．．as，such．．．as中，as引导限制性定语从句。
如：He is not such a fool as he looks．I've bought the same dress as she is wearing．2．当先行词是整个主句时，可用as ／which引导非限制性定语从句。
引导词as和which 的区别在于：①as引导的非限制性定语从句可放于主句前、主句中、主句后，而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般放于主句后或句中。
②as常与从句中的know，see，hear，expect等动词连用，也常用于as often happens，as is often the case（常有的事）等句子中；而which一般不用于以上情况。
③as有“正如”的含义，which没有此含义。
如：As is well known，Shanghai is a big city．Some of the roads were flooded，which made our journey more difficult．三、关系代词who，whom，whose，which和as能引导非限制性定语从句，而that不能；非限制性定语从句中即使缺宾语，引导词也不能省略；关系副词when，where能引导非限制性定语从句，而why不能。
如：Abraham Lincoln，who led the United States through the Civil War years，was shot on April 14，1865．四、先行词是物时，其引导词可用which也可用that，通常情况下二者可互换，但在有些情况下不能。
1．用which不用that引导定语从句的三种情况：①非限制性定语从句用which，不用that引导。
如：Football，which is a very interesting game，is played all over the world．②先行词为that时，为了避免重复，定语从句用which不用that引导。
如：That which you borrowed from me wasn't a real diamond necklace．③介词后用which不用that引导。
如：The method with which you solved the problem is very good．2．用that不用which的七种情况：①先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用that不用which引导。
如：This is the best place that I have ever visited．The second question that is asked is why we don't fall off the earth．②先行词为little，much，all，none，few，（the）one，something，everything，nothing，anything等不定代词时，用that引导。
如：There is nothing in the world that can frighten him．③先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时，用that引导。
如：He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited．④先行词前有any，all，no，few，every，some，little，much，（the）very，（the）only，（the）last等词修饰时，用that引导。
如：This is the very coat that I need．Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn？⑤先行词为which时，为了避免重复，用that引导。
如：Which is the book that you bought yesterday？⑥先行词在从句中作表语时，常用that引导。
如：Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930's．⑦当主句是There be．．．句型时，用that引导。
There are two tickets for the film that are for you two．五、在“one of＋复数名词＋定语从句”结构中，从句的谓语动词应与复数名词保持一致；当one前有the only修饰时，从句的谓语动词应与the only one保持一致。
如：He was one of the students who were late for class．He was the only one of the students who was late for class．六、引导词前有介词或短语介词时，修饰人只能用whom，修饰物只能用which引导。
如：My glasses，without which I was like a blind man，fell to the ground and broke．The man，by whom the wolf was shot，is called Jackson．who（主格）先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语。
Whom（宾语）先行词指人，定语从句中作宾语。
例句：Is he the man who wants to see you？He is the man （whom）I saw in the reading room yesterday。
（whom作宾语时可省略）whose 先行词指人或指物，且只作定语，若指物，可与of which互换。
例句：That is a book whose cover（of which the cover）is red。
which 先行词指物，在从句中可作主语，宾语。
例句：The bag which is on the desk is mine.4. that 几乎是万能胶……能代替上述3个引导词，可做主语，宾语。
在此不再举例.that的特殊用法：A There be句型中用that不用whichB 在不定代词（something，anything，all，few，any等）后用that，不用which（something后也可用which）C 先行词有all，every，some，any，only，few或序数词，形容词最高级修饰时，只用thatD 先行词既指人又指物时，用thatE 先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时，用thatF 避免关联词重复，用thatG 用作关系副词，修饰表示时间的名词（day ，time ，moment……）that可替代when5.when，where，why的先行词是指时间地点和理由的名词，先行词在从句中做状语.能与介词+ which互换.54. The Beatles, __________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006天津卷)A. whatB. thatC. howD. as55. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, __________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏卷)A. whoB. thatC. asD. which56. Women __________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those __________ don’t. (2006北京卷)A. who; 不填B. 不填; whoC. who; whoD. 不填; 不填57. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house __________ roof is under repair. (2006福建卷)A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. what58. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, __________ we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南卷)A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which59. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students __________ Chinese in the school, most __________were from Germany. (2006辽宁卷)A. study; of whomB. study; of themC. studying; of themD. studying; of whom60. We’re just trying to reach a point __________ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山东卷)A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which61. She was educated at Beijing University, __________ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. (2006陕西卷)A. after whichB. from whichC. from thatD. after that62. I was given three books on cooking, the first __________ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江卷)A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which63. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction __________ she had come. (2006重庆卷)A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. from which64. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, __________ is always busy at the weekend. (2006上海卷)A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which65. Do you have anything to say for yourselves?—Yes, there’s one point __________ we must insist on. (2006江西卷)A. whyB. whereC. howD. /66. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, __________ wanted to buy it. (2007安徽卷)A. none of themB. both of themC. none of whomD. neither of whom67. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of __________ are healthy. (2007北京卷)A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom68. The village has developed a lot __________ we learned farming two years ago. (2007福建卷)A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where69. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,__________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. (2007湖南卷)A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that70. He was educated at the local high school, __________ he went on to Beijing University. (2007江苏卷)A. after whichB. after thatC. in whichD. in that71. After graduation she reached a point in her career __________ she had to decide what to do. (2007江西卷)A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where72. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, __________ they learn simple games and songs. (2007全国I)A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where73. —Where did you get to know her?—It was on the farm __________ we worked. (2007山东卷)A. thatB. thereC. whichD. where74. The book was written in 1946, __________ the education system has witnessed great charges. (2007山东卷)A. whenB. during whichC. since thenD. since when75. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases __________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (2007陕西卷)A. whichB. asC. whyD. where76. It is reported that two schools, __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (2007四川卷)A. they bothB. which bothC. both of themD. both of which77. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __________ sight matters more than hearing. (2007天津卷)A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where78. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, __________ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. (2007浙江卷)A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where79. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree __________ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007重庆卷)A. with whichB. to whichC. of whichD. for which【答案与详解】1—53 （略）54. D。