CIS中英文译文
姚明名人堂演讲中英文

When I heard that I was speak ing first toni ght, I thought that some one made a mistake. The first speaker should be the great Alle n Iverson. I n eed practice more tha n he does.First of all, I would like to tha nk you for givi ng me this great honor.Your recog niti on has made toni ght a most memorable mome nt for me. Although perhaps my career en ded too soon, for me I treasure each and every mome nt. I amgrateful for my time on the court, and for your recog niti on toni ght.I would like to tha nk my spon sors:Bill Russell. I will n ever forget that you in vited me to dinner at your house in Seattle whe n I was a young rookie. That eve ning, and all of your advice since, really built up my con fide nee and made me feel comfortable in a new coun try.Bill Walt on. You supported me all the way. Thank you for your advice and en courageme nt. You were the first one who called me whe n I woke up from my foot surgery. You told me to stay positive. I will n ever forget that.Dikembe Mutombo. I put you last because you are the oldest of the three. We played together for 5 years and had so many memories on and off the court.Noth ing can break the bond betwee n us, not even all those elbows you gave me in practice.As you know, I am from China and my journey began there.My parents were basketball players back in the 1970 ' s. I heard so manygreat stories about them, about how they played and how good they were. More importa ntly, so many people know how good they are as people. I am very fortun ate to be your son. The gift I had from you was not only height. It was much more. You taught me how to thi nk, how to make decisi on s. A nd of course my soft touch on the free throw line. Which is why I am about 10,000 free throws less tha n Shaq.My wife Li. We met whe n we were high school age. You know how much you mea n to me. Thank you for being my life partner. Our lovely daughter Amy is a treasure to both of us. We wish she could be here, but she is in her first week at school. And she has to live with the con seque nee of choos ing soccer over basketball.My basketball journey bega n on the back of coach Li Zhangmin's bicycle whe n he gave me a ride to my very first practice on the basketball court. I would like to con gratulate you on a great career as you retire this year. So many kids have ben efited from you and your work.Coach Li Qiup ing you were my coach at the Shan ghai Sharks. You led us to the CBA champi on ship, and n ever gave up on us, even whe n you lost your wifeto cancer that year. Thank you for your dedication and your sacrifices to us.I want to tha nk the city of Shan ghai, Shan ghai Sharks and the CBA league did everything they could to prepare me. They raised me, trained me and helped me to be ready for the n ext challe nges in my life.There is old saying in China that if the mirror is made of bronze, one can dress properly, if the mirroris history, one can predict ups and dow ns, if the mirror is people, one can reflect on on e's own weak ness and stre ngth. And now, I would like to mention a few mirrors in my life.I want to men ti on Mr. Mou Zouyun. He was a basketball lege nd. Over 80 years ago, Mr. Mou came here to Springfield to study basketball. He went back to China and dedicated his life to Chin ese basketball. Today, the CBA Champi on ship Cup is n amed after him. This cup is the life goal that every CBA player can dream of.I am not the first Chin ese man to play in the NBA. That honor bel ongs Wang Zhi Zhi. He was a pioneer for all future Chinese players who dream of coming to the NBA. He cleared the road for us and made so many sacrifices. I learned so much from him. Although he cannot be here today, I want to tha nk him.Many people know the story that bega n whe n the Rockets drafted me in 2002. Not many people know how much effort the Rockets put in before I arrived and throughout my career. Thank you to Les Alexa nder, Michael Goldberg, Carroll Daws on, Tad Brow n, Daryl Morey and Keith Jones for maki ng me feel at home in Houst on.Whe n I arrived in Houst on on my first day, Steve Fran cis gave me a strong high five and a big hug to welcome me. Steve has bee n the perfect big brother to me ever since that day. Cutino Mobley invited me to his home for something called Soul Food. I thought he meant SALTY food. Thank you to Steve, Cutino and every one on my early Rockets teams for making me feel so welcome.Rudy T. is famous for say ing “ Never un derestimate the heart of achampi on. ” Rudy has dem on strated this not only on the court, but off the court too, especially in his battle with cancer. Rudy, you have always in spired me to be the best that I can be.When Jeff Van Gundy arrived with Patrick Ewing and Tom Thibideau, that coaching staff turned us into a tough defensive team, like he always does.With T-Mac, Shane Battier, Rafer Alst on, we became a tale nted young team especially with Dikembe. That team was not only competitive, but a team with a brotherhood.I all ways remember coach Van Gundy said once that the best cha nee also could be your last. That is true in basketball and in life.My last NBA coach was Rick Adelma n. He helped us develop so many tale nted players like Carl Lan dry, Luis Scola and Aaron Brooks. We had a great run in 2008/2009, but unfortunately my injury cut things short and ended my time with the Rockets too soon. I will always remember my time spent with the Houston Rockets as some of the best times in my life.As a basketball player, I was one of the most blessed players on the pla net.I played aga inst some of the best athletes in the world. A great athlete not only has great teammates, but great opp onen ts. Great opp onents push us forward. Opponents like Shaquille O ' Neal. Shaq every game we played reminded me of the old saying “ what doesn ' t kill you makes you stronger. ” Thank you for thatI consider Houston my second home so I want to say something to the people of Houst on. You stood byme in good and bad times. You gave me stre ngth to move forward. I will always consider you my family. I am a Texan and a Houston Rocket for life.All of this would not be possible without the visi on of David Stern and the NBA. Thank you to David Stern, Adam Silver, Kim Bohuny and everyone at the NBA for your kindn ess and support.Fin ally, to Team Yao. Erik Zha ng, Bill Duffy, Bill San ders, Billy Kue nzi nge, Larry Zhang and Lu Hao. We all look older and fatter tha n we first met.Ladies and Gen tleme n, I like to pay my respect to Dr. Naismith, to the To the 345 previous members of the Hall of Fame, and to every one who has con tributed to the game of Basketball all over the world in last 125 years.All of these individuals are stars and together they form the galaxy in the uni verse of basketball. The game has in spired billi ons of people around the world. As one of them, I will do my part to con ti nueto help grow the great game of basketball and we all look forward to watching the stars of tomorrow emerge and shine.Thank you for this great honor.译文:尊敬的多利瓦先生,名人堂执行委员会、女士们、先生们、晚上好。
什么是CIS? 它包括什么?

什么是CIS?它包括什么?CI.英语 Corporate Identity 的缩写,意为企业识别CIS.英语 Corporate Identity System 的缩写,企业识别系统。
CIS意为Corporate为企业,Identity这个词,在英语中至少包含有同一、一致,认出、识别、个性、特征等意思。
这里的识别,表达了一种自我同一性。
也就是说,自己认识自己和别人对自己的认识趋于一致,达成共识。
用在企业上就可以理解为:企业内部对企业的自我识别与来自企业外部对企业特性的识别认同一致、达成共识。
什么是CI设计?具体地说,就是指企业的经营理念、文化素质、经营方针、产品开发、商品流通等有关企业经营的所有因素。
从信息这一观点出发,从文化、形象、传播的角度来进行筛选,找出企业具有的潜在力,找出他的存在价值及美的价值,加以整合,使他在信息社会环境中转换为有效的标识。
这种开发以及设计的行为就叫“CI”。
CIS,作为企业形象识别系统,理念识别(Mind Identity),简称MI,行为识别(Behavior Identity)简称BI 和视觉识别(Visual Identity)简称VI。
企业理念识别(MI)从理论上说,企业的经营理念是企业的灵魂,是企业哲学、企业精神的集中表现。
同时,也是整个企业识别系统的核心和依据。
企业的经营理念要反映企业存在的社会价值、企业追求的目标以及企业的经营这些内容,通过尽可能用简明确切的、能为企业内外乐意接受的、易懂易记的语句来表达。
企业行为识别(BI)企业行为识别的要旨是企业在内部协调和对外交往中应该有一种规范性准则。
这种准则具体体现在全体员工上下一致日常行为中。
也就是说,员工们的一招一式的行为举动都应该是一种企业行为,能反映出企业的经营理念和价值取向,而不是独立的随心所欲的个人行为。
行为识别,则需要员工们在理解企业经营理念的基础上,把它变为发自内心的自觉行动,只有这样,才能使同一理念在不同的场合、不同的层面中具体落实到管理行为、销售行为、服务行为和公共关系行为中去。
联合国国际货物销售合同公约(CISG)--中英文对照

联合国国际货物销售合同公约(CISG)1980年4月11日订于维也纳本公约各缔约国铭记联合国大会第六届特别会议通过的关于建立新的国际经济秩序的各项决议的广泛目标,考虑到在平等互利基础上发展国际贸易是促进各国间友好关系的一个重要因素,认为采用照顾到不同的社会、经济和法律制度的国际货物销售合同统一规则,将有助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍,促进国际贸易的发展,兹协议如下:第一部分适用范围和总则第一章适用范围第一条(1)本公约适用于营业地在不同国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销售合同:(a)如果这些国家是缔约国;或(b)如果国际私法规则导致适用某一缔约国的法律。
(2)当事人营业地在不同国家的事实,如果从合同或从订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时,当事人之间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报均看不出,应不予考虑。
(3)在确定本公约的适用时,当事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事或商业性质,应不予考虑。
第二条本公约不适用于以下的销售:(a)购供私人、家人或家庭使用的货物的销售,除非卖方在订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供任何这种使用;(b)经由拍卖的销售;(c)根据法律执行令状或其它令状的销售;(d)公债、股票、投资证券、流通票据或货币的销售;(e)船舶、船只、气垫船或飞机的销售;(f)电力的销售。
第三条(1)供应尚待制造或生产的货物的合同应视为销售合同,除非订购货物的当事人保证供应这种制造或生产所需的大部分重要材料。
(2)本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同。
第四条本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权利和义务。
特别是,本公约除非另有明文规定,与以下事项无关:(a)合同的效力,或其任何条款的效力,或任何惯例的效力;(b)合同对所售货物所有权可能产生的影响。
第五条本公约不适用于卖方对于货物对任何人所造成的死亡或伤害的责任。
第六条双方当事人可以不适用本公约,或在第十二条的条件下,减损本公约的任何规定或改变其效力。
企业宣传材料的英语翻译

2. 你认为公司介绍中应该包含哪些内容? (a) (b) (c) (d) 地理位置 创立时间 投资方式 主要产品 (产品名称、规格及适 用范围) (e) 生产规模 (产量、产值、占市场 份额、固定资产占地面积等) (f) 行业排名 (国内、国际权威性 的排名) (g) 公司宗旨 (h) 公司文化 (i) 发展趋势 (j) 公司其他特点
Unit 8
企业宣传材料的汉英翻译
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Company Introductions
知识目标:1. 了解公司宣传介绍的基本知识 2. 掌握公司宣传介绍的语言特点及其常用翻译技巧 能力目标:1. 能够正确翻译公司宣传介绍中常用的词汇和句型 2. 能够运用所学翻译技巧熟练地翻译各类公司介绍
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SECTION 1
Sec 3
Sec 4
Sec 6
Sec 7
ANSWER
Sec 8
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SECTION 3
Sec 1
I. 英文公司介绍的语言特点(1) 公 司 介 绍 是 企 业 对 外 宣 传 以 树 立 企 业 形 象 ( CIS 司 肖 , Corporation Identity System)的重要途径,中文的企业介绍多采用叙述文体,语言比较 规范,介绍中应该包含一些实质性的信息,例如:企业的经营性质和目的、 股东情况、注册资金、从业人员和厂房占地面积、产品介绍、联系电话、传 真、联络人等。 英文的公司介绍在结构上通常包括公司概述(introduction)、业务范围 (what we do)、质量认证(quality certificate, QA)以及结束语(closing) 等,涉及内容包括公司成立时间、公司地点、产品、隶属企业、技术力量、 生产经验、产品销售、取得荣誉即质量认证等。其语言特点则可大致总结如 下:
cisg公约全文-中英文

联合国国际货物销售合同公约第一部分适用范围和总则第一章适用范围第一条(1)本公约适用于营业地在不同国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销售合同:(a)如果这些国家是缔约国;或(b)如果国际私法规则导致适用某一缔约国的法律。
(2)当事人营业地在不同国家的事实,如果从合同或从订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时,当事人之间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报均看不出,应不予考虑。
(3)在确定本公约的适用时,当事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事或商业性质,应不予考虑.第二条本公约不适用于以下的销售:(a)购供私人、家人或家庭使用的货物的销售,除非卖方在订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供任何这种使用;(b)经由拍卖的销售;(c)根据法律执行令状或其它令状的销售;(d)公债、股票、投资证券、流通票据或货币的销售;(e)船舶、船只、气垫船或飞机的销售;(f)电力的销售.第三条(1)供应尚待制造或生产的货物的合同应视为销售合同,除非订购货物的当事人保证供应这种制造或生产所需的大部分重要材料.(2)本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同。
第四条本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权利和义务。
特别是,本公约除非另有明文规定,与以下事项无关:(a)合同的效力,或其任何条款的效力,或任何惯例的效力;(b)合同对所售货物所有权可能产生的影响。
第五条本公约不适用于卖方对于货物对任何人所造成的死亡或伤害的责任。
第六条双方当事人可以不适用本公约,或在第十二条的条件下,减损本公约的任何规定或改变其效力。
第二章总则第七条(1)在解释本公约时,应考虑到本公约的国际性质和促进其适用的统一以及在国际贸易上遵守诚信的需要.(2)凡本公约未明确解决的属于本公约范围的问题,应按照本公约所依据的一般原则来解决,在没有一般原则的情况下,则应按照国际私法规定适用的法律来解决。
第八条(1)为本公约的目的,一方当事人所作的声明和其它行为,应依照他的意旨解释,如果另一方当事人已知道或者不可能不知道此一意旨。
污水处理化工毕业设计论文中英文外文资料文献翻译[管理资料]
![污水处理化工毕业设计论文中英文外文资料文献翻译[管理资料]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f0bd53e26edb6f1afe001f7a.png)
附件1:外文资料翻译译文城市污水常温处理中的新型改良EGSB(膨胀颗粒污泥床)反应器的发展近年来,厌氧处理技术已经成为一项有吸引力的可持续发展的污水处理技术,因为它耗能少而且产气量少。
特别的,流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)和常规膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)在城市污水处理中得到了广泛应运。
通常,EGSB比UASB 更能有效去除化学需氧量(COD),更能有效抵抗有机负荷率(OLR)、温度和pH 的变化。
然而,由于较高的上升流速和较多的甲烷气泡,使膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)中的三相分离器中的水的流速很高,这就导致了大量生物质的流失,最终废水中的COD浓度就升高了。
所以,有时候不能满足城市污水处理厂或生物处理系统排放的标准,并导致生物处理系统崩溃。
因此,对与EGSB系统来说,城市污水处理中的关键问题是如何控制在高上升流速下的生物量流失。
在本文中,提出一种改进型的EGSB反应器模型,它结合了EGSB 和UASB 两者的优势。
在相同环境下通过比较,试验性地研究EGSB m和EGSB c两种反应器。
在东区污水处理厂中有一个初级出水沉降池。
在对膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB m)中水动力特征分析时,进行了停留时间分布(RTD)的实验和Polvmerase连锁反应实验,并且应用变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术来探索颗粒污泥中微生物的多样性。
常温厌氧颗粒污泥取自中国无锡市的一家污水处理厂,该厂主要利用全比例内循环生物反应器处理酸性废水。
黑色的颗粒污泥有规则的形状(φ= - 2毫米)和良好的沉降性能。
污泥中含有悬浮固体(TSS)(VSS)59克/升。
在EGSB m 和EGSB c两种反应器中,最初的接种污泥量占有效总量的65%。
污水样本取自上海东区城市污水处理厂的一个初级沉淀池中。
其中包括60%生活污水和40%的工业废水。
污水的主要指标如表1。
表1 污水的主要指标工业生产中EGSBm和EGSBc反应器的原理图如图1。
两个反应器都是有机玻璃制成的,容量为300 升,采用连续流动模式。
CISG中英文对照版

联合国国际货物销售合同公约中英文对照字体大小:大- 中- 小quanzhoufanyi发表于08-08-07 10:42 阅读(288) 评论(0)联合国国际货物销售合同公约(UnitedNationsConvention on Contracts for the International Saleof Goods(1980))PreambleTheStates Partiesto this ConventionBearing in Mind thebroad objectives in theresolutionsadopted by the sixthspecialsessionof the General AssemblyoftheUnited Nations on the establishment o faNew International EconomicOrder. Considering that the developmentofinternational trade on the basis of equality andmutual benefit is an important elementin promoting friendly relations among States, Beingofthe Opinion that the adoptionofuniformruleswhich govern con tractsforthe international sale ofgoods andtake into accountthedifferent social, economicand legalsystems would contributeto the removal of legal barriers in internationaltrade and promote t he development of international trade, have decreed as follows:本公约个缔约国: 铭记联合国大会第六界特别会议通过的关于建立新的国际经济次序的各项决议的广泛目标,考虑到在平等互利基础上发展国际贸易, 是促进各国间友好关系的一个重要因素, 认为采用照顾到不同的社会, 经济和法律制度的国际货物销售合同统一规则,将有助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍,促进国际贸易的发展. 兹协议如下.PART ISphere of Application andGeneral ProvisionsChapter IﻫSphereof ApplicationArticle 1(1) This Convention appliesto contracts ofsale of goods between parties wh oseplaces ofbusiness arein different States: (本公约适用于营业地在不同国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销售合同,) ﻫ(a) when the States are Contracting States; or ( 如果这些国家是缔约国,或)(b)when the rules of private internationallaw lead tothe application ofthe lawof a ContractingState.(如果国际私法规则导致适用某一缔约国的法律,)ﻫ(2)Thefactthatthe partieshavetheir places ofbusiness indifferentStatesis to bedisregardedwhenever this fact doesnot appeareither from thecontract or fromany dealings between,or from information disclosedby,the partiesat anytimebefore or at the conclusion ofthe contract.(当事人营业地在不同国家的事实,如果从合同或从订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时,当事人之间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报均看不出,应不予考虑) ﻫ(3) Neither the nationalityof the partiesnor the civilor c ommercialcharacter of the parties or of the contract is to be takeninto consideration in determiningthe application of this Convention. ( 在确定本公约的适用时, 当事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事或商业性质,应不予考虑)Article 2This Convention does not applyto sales:( 本公约不适用以下的销售) ﻫ(a)of goodsbought for personal, family or household use,unless theseller,atany timebeforeor at the conclusion ofthe contract, neither knew nor ought to have known thatthe goods were bought for anysuch use;( 购供私人, 家人或家庭使用的货物销售,除非卖方再订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供任何这种使用) ﻫ(b) by auction; (经由拍卖销售的)(c)on execution or otherwise by authority of law; (根据法律执行令状或其他领状的销售)(d)ofstocks,shares, investmentsecurities,negotiable (可通过谈判解决的)instruments(手段)or money;(公债,股票,投资证券, 流通票据或是货币的销售) ﻫ(e) of ships, vessels (船只) , hovercraft (水翼船)oraircraft;( 船舶船只,气垫船或是飞机的销售)ﻫ(f) ofelectricity. ( 电力的销售)Article 3(1) Contractsfor the supply of goods tobe manufactured or produced are t obe considered salesunless thepartywhoordersthegoods undertakes to supply a substantial partofthematerialsnecessary forsuchmanufacture orproduction.( 供应尚待制造或生产的货物的合同应视为销售合同, 除非订购货物的当事人保证供应这种制造或生产所需的大部分重要材料.)ﻫ(2)This Convention does not apply tocontractsinwhich the preponderant(优势的) part of the obligations ofthe party(当事人)who furnishesthe goods consistsin the supplyoflabouror other services.( 本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同)Article 4 ﻫThis Convention governs only the formation(形成)ofthecontract ofsale andtherights andobligations of the seller andt he buyer arising from (产生)such a contract. In particular,except asot herwiseexpressly(明确地)providedin this Convention, it is notconcerned with: ( 本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权利和义务.特别是本公约除非另有明文规定,与以下事项无关:)(a)thevalidity (效力)ofthe contract or of any of its provisions (供应)or of anyusage;( 合同的效力,或其任何条款的效力,或任何惯例的效力)(b) the effectwhich thecontract may have on theproperty inthegoods sold.(合同对所销售物所有权可能产生的影响。
CISG中英文对照版

联合国国际货物销售合同公约中英文对照字体大小: - - ? 发表于 08-08-07 10:42 ? ? 阅读(288) ?联合国国际货物销售合同公约(United Nations Convention on Contractsfor the International Sale of Goods (1980) )PreambleThe States Parties to this Convention Bearing in Mind the broad objectives in the resolutions adopted by the sixth special session of the General Assembly of the United Nations on the establishment of a New International Economic Order. Considering that the development of international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among States, Being of the Opinion that the adoption of uniform rules which govern contracts for the international sale of goods and take into account the different social, economic and legal systems would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in international trade and promote the development of international trade, have decreed as follows:本公约个缔约国 : 铭记联合国大会第六界特别会议通过的关于建立新的国际经济次序的各项决议的广泛目标 , 考虑到在平等互利基础上发展国际贸易 , 是促进各国间友好关系的一个重要因素 , 认为采用照顾到不同的社会 , 经济和法律制度的国际货物销售合同统一规则,将有助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍 , 促进国际贸易的发展 . 兹协议如下 .PART ISphere of Application and General ProvisionsChapter ISphere of ApplicationArticle 1(1) This Convention applies to contracts of sale of goods between parties whose places of business are in different States: ( 本公约适用于营业地在不同国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销售合同, )(a) when the States are Contracting States; or ( 如果这些国家是缔约国 , 或 )(b) when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a Contracting State. ( 如果国际私法规则导致适用某一缔约国的法律, )(2) The fact that the parties have their places of business in different States is to be disregarded whenever this fact does not appear either from the contract or from any dealings between, or from information disclosed by, the parties at any time beforeor at the conclusion of the contract. ( 当事人营业地在不同国家的事实,如果从合同或从订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时 , 当事人之间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报均看不出 , 应不予考虑 ) (3) Neither the nationality of the parties nor the civil or commercial character of the parties or of the contract is to be taken into consideration in determining the application of this Convention. ( 在确定本公约的适用时 , 当事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事或商业性质,应不予考虑 )Article 2This Convention does not apply to sales: ( 本公约不适用以下的销售 )(a) of goods bought for personal, family or household use, unless the seller, at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract, neither knew nor ought to have known that the goods were bought for any such use; ( 购供私人 , 家人或家庭使用的货物销售 , 除非卖方再订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供任何这种使用 )(b) by auction; ( 经由拍卖销售的 )(c) on execution or otherwise by authority of law; ( 根据法律执行令状或其他领状的销售 )(d) of stocks, shares, investment securities, negotiable (可通过谈判解决的) instruments (手段) or money;( 公债,股票,投资证券 , 流通票据或是货币的销售 )(e) of ships, vessels (船只) , hovercraft (水翼船) or aircraft;( 船舶船只,气垫船或是飞机的销售 )(f) of electricity. ( 电力的销售 )Article 3(1) Contracts for the supply of goods to be manufactured or produced are to be considered sales unless the party who orders the goods undertakes to supply a substantial part of the materials necessary for such manufacture or production.( 供应尚待制造或生产的货物的合同应视为销售合同 , 除非订购货物的当事人保证供应这种制造或生产所需的大部分重要材料 .)(2) This Convention does not apply to contracts in which the preponderant( 优势的 ) part of the obligations of the party (当事人) who furnishes the goods consists in the supply of labour or other services.( 本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同 )Article 4This Convention governs only the formation (形成) of the contract of sale and the rights and obligations of the seller and the buyer arising from (产生)such a contract. In particular, except as otherwise expressly (明确地) provided in this Convention, it is not concerned with: ( 本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权利和义务 . 特别是本公约除非另有明文规定 , 与以下事项无关 :)(a) the validity (效力) of the contract or of any of its provisions (供应) or of any usage;( 合同的效力,或其任何条款的效力,或任何惯例的效力 )(b) the effect which the contract may have on the property in the goods sold. (合同对所销售物所有权可能产生的影响。
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CIS与设计CIS系统是由理念识别(Mind Identity简称MI),行为识别(Behavior Identity简称BI)和视觉识别(Visual Identity简称VI)三方面所构成。
CIS企业形象设计理念识别是确立企业独具特色的经营理念,是企业生产经营过程中设计,科研,生产,营销,服务,管理等经营理念的识别系统。
是企业对当前和未来一个时期的经营目标,经营思想,营销方式和营销形态所作的总体规划和界定,主要包括:企业精神,企业价值观,企业信条,经营宗旨,经营方针,市场定位,产业构成,组织体制,社会责任和发展规划等等。
属于企业的意识形态范畴。
CIS企业形象设计行为识别是企业实践经营理念与创造企业文化的准则,对企业运作方式所作的统一规划而形成的动态识别系统。
它是以经营理念位基本出发点,对内是建立完善的组织制度、管理规范、职员教育、行为规范和福利制度;对外则是开拓市场调查、进行产品开发,透过社会公益文化活动、公共关系、营销活动等方式来传达企业理念,以获得社会公众对企业识别认同的形式。
CIS企业形象设计视觉识别是以企业标志、标准字体、标准色彩位核心展开的完整、系统的视觉传达体系,是将企业理念、文化特质、服务内容、企业规范等抽象语意转化成具体符号的概念,塑造出独特的企业形象。
视觉识别系统分为基本要素系统和应用要素系统两方面。
基本要素系统主要包括:企业名称、企业标志、标准字、标准色、象征图案、宣传口语、市场行销报告书等。
应用系统主要包括:办公事物用品、生产设备、建筑环境、产品包装、广告媒体、交通工具、衣着制服、旗帜、招牌、标志牌、橱窗、陈列展示等。
视觉识别(VI)在CIS企业形象设计系统中最具有传播力和感染力,最容易被社会大众所接受,据有主导的地位。
总之,我国企业在导入CIS时,必须走出各种认识上和行为上的误区,综合考虑自身的经营管理现状,注重MI、BI、VI的系统化设计和整体化实施,强调CI导入与管理水平的提升并举,通过规范的和系统的有效实施,把企业的理念贯穿于企业的一切活动以及员工的行为之中。
只有这样,企业才能从整体上和根本上提升和改善形象,才能使CI战略真正获得成功。
综上所述,我们应该看到:VI设计是要和公司的产品、理念等结合,通过设计使公司的形象更加突出,让公司的面貌焕然一新。
基于我国商品品质的不稳定性,CI是一个企业的承诺,使消费者企业形象的印象来购买商品,在未来很长一段时期内都是这样。
CI必将在中国企业一步步进入国际市场中扮演更重要的角色。
这是历史发展的必然趋势。
绿色设计日益成为全球设计领域关注的课题,它着眼于人与自然的生态平衡关系。
在设计过程的每一个决策中都充分考虑到环境效应,尽量减少对环境和人类生存的损坏,它不仅是一种技术层面的考量,更重要的是一种设计观念上的变革。
而今,在许多国家和地区,交通工具已经成为污染和噪音的主要来源,并且耗费了大量的能源和资源,故而受到设计师们的广泛关注。
美国通用汽车公司早在上个世纪末就设计开发了最早的世界上节能效果最好的电动汽车EVl,去年日本富士通工业公司推出以小型高能锂电池为动力的电动轿车Rle。
以及包括了太阳能锂电板汽车、光学能源手表等高节能、无污染的产品。
同时,绿色环保设计的范围更加广泛,如1990年,美国以保护海洋珍贵动物为由,禁止墨西哥等国的金枪鱼及其制品进口;日本对进口大米规定了农药残留检测指标;欧洲共同体各国联合禁止进口含“偶氮”染料的纺织品;丹麦要求所有进口的啤酒和饮料必须使用可重复利用的容器等。
这无疑向我们昭示了如此趋势:绿色设计越来越贴近人们的生活,并深层次的体现“人性化”的设计理念。
目前,绿色设计的内容主要体现在产品的设计与开发上,大致分为三个方面:一是原始材料的选择与管理;二是产品的回收性和后期处理;三是产品部件的可拆卸性及回收利用。
其实这些还是远远不够的,其他方面,如将人类遗产的保护、自然生物的保护、城市的发展、新能源的开发与现有资源的节约利用等都应该纳入其中。
由约纳斯的《责任原理》可以看出:可持续发展的原则’关系到整个人类和自然的生存问题。
这里不是设计个人的利益问题,也不是设计个人的存在问题,而是设计维护整个人类和一切生命体的存在的问题,这是一个“出自人的理念的本体论的绝对命令”。
绿色设计遵守了可持续发展的原则,协调与解决着人类生存的重要问题,已经成为国家、学术界和企业界的关注焦点,然而长期以来,在经济发展的同时,我们却忽略了许多的东西,人类遭受到诸如环境污染、温室效应、臭氧层破坏、酸雨、水灾、传染疾病、森林沙漠化、生物链的破坏和多种生物的灭绝等天灾人祸的报复,在我国,这样的事例也是…再发生,我们的生存环境已经告急。
“人性化”设计必须以“为人类的利益设计”为宗旨,我们必须以自然界作为整个设计的出发点,全面、长远地考虑人与自然、人与社会的关系,考虑人类生命的延续,这样才真正体现“人性化”设计“以人为本”的宗旨。
更重要的是,它给予了现代设计更新的定位,从而有利于防止设计被现代社会物质化,传统思想文化及人类之间友谊的遗失。
实施绿色设计,靠设计家和国家的投入是远远不够的,而是整个社会、整个人类共同的责任。
这就要求对“人性化”设计的最终目标进行深入透彻的理解,对“绿色设计”“可持续发展”的现代设计观念大力倡导,并使之渗入到体会的每一个个体心中。
现代设计是科学与技术、技术与人性的结合,科技带给设计以坚实的结构和良好的功能,而艺术和人性使设计赋予美感,充满情趣和活力。
由现代设计的概念可以看出现代设计恪守“以人为本”的“人性化”设计情怀。
普遍意义上的“人性化”“人性化”设计的角度是现代设计的主要出发点。
目前,设计无论在功能或者形式上都出现了多元化的态势,新产品给人们的生活带来了很多的方便,美丽的外观也让人们在使用产品的同时感受到了美,满足了现代人追求高品质精神生活的需要。
原文CIS DEICIGNCIS system is ideal identification (Mind Identity listed MI), Behavior Recognition (Behavior Identity listed BI) and visual identification (Visual Id entity listed VI) which constitute three.CIS corporate image design concept is the establishment of enterprises identify unique business philosophy is the production and operation of enterprises in the process of design, scientific research, production, marketing, services, business management concept of identification system. Enterprise is on the current and future period’s operational objectives, business; marketing and sales patterns in the overall planning and defined, including: the spirit of enterprise, corporate values, corporate credo, operating purposes and operating strategies, market positioning, industry structure, organizational structure, social responsibility and development planning, and so on. Enterprises belonging to the area of ideology.CIS corporate image design, conduct business practice is to identify business concepts and create a culture of enterprise guidelines on the modalities for the operation of the unified planning and the formation of the dynamic identification system. It was based on the operating principles - basic starting point is to establish and improve internal organizational systems, standardized management, staff education, standard and welfare system; it is to explore the external market surveys, product development, through social welfare and cultural activities, public relations, marketing and other means to convey ideas enterprises to gain public recognition for businesses in the form of recognition.CIS corporate image design, visual identification is the corporate logo, standard fonts, standard color-start the core integrity, Visual Communication System is the enterprise concepts, cultural, service, standardize enterprises semantic abstract into concrete symbol of the concept, he has carved out a unique corporate image. Visualrecognition system is divided into the basic elements of system and application elements of both systems. Basic elements of the system include: name of the enterprise, signs, the word standards, standards, symbolizing logo, publicity spoken, Marketing Report, and so on. Application of the system including : office supplies things, production equipment, construction, packaging, advertising media, transport, clothing, uniforms, banners, signs, signs, windows, etc. displayed. Visual Recognition (VI) in the CIS corporate image design system with the most power and influence spread. Most likely to be accepted by the public, according to a leading position.In fine, our country the business enterprise has to come out the mistake area of various understanding top and behavior while ducting into CIS, comprehensive consider oneself of management present condition, pay attention to MI, BI, VI to systematize a design with whole turn an implement, emphasize CI ducting and manage level of promote and raise, pass norm of with the valid implement of system, pierce through the principle of business enterprise in the whole activities of the business enterprise and the behavior of the employees. Only so, business enterprise then can from whole top with promote and improve image basically, then can make CI strategic real achieve success.This time VI design is mainly the characteristics which aims at virtuous and high machine electricity business enterprise group, designing a marking, standard word, standard color and foundation system and applied system, the whole design understands in brief together the product, principle...etc. of business enterprise to match very much, also more outstanding the virtuous and high machine give or get an electric shock of position.On the say, we should see: The VI design wants to combine with the product, principle...etc. of company, pass the design make company of the image is more outstanding, let the feature of company have a brand-new look. According to the unsteady of [with] our country merchandise quality, the CI is the commitment of a business enterprise, making consumer business enterprise the impression of the image to purchase merchandise, in the future very grow a period all is so. The CI will play more important role in the Chinese business enterprise step by step get into theinternational market necessarily. This is the inevitable trend of history development.Green Design is increasingly becoming concerned about the global design issues, which focus on the ecological balance between man and nature relationship. During the design process, each decision-making are fully taking into account the environmental effects on the environment and minimize damage to human survival, it is not only a consideration of the technical level and, more importantly, the concept of a design changes. Today, in many countries and regions, transport and noise pollution has become a major source of, and spent a great deal of energy and resources, they are subject to widespread concern designers. U.S. General Motors Corp. as early as the end of last century on the design and development of the earliest effects of the world's best energy-efficient electric vehicles EVl, last year, Fujitsu industrial companies to small-scale introduction of high-energy lithium battery-powered electric cars Rle. And includes solar panels lithium cars, watches, optical energy such as energy saving, pollution-free products. At the same time, the scope of green design more extensive, such as in 1990, the United States in order to protect precious marine animals on the grounds, the prohibition of Mexican tuna and other countries and its products have been imported; Japan's imported rice provides pesticide residue detection indicators; the European Community countries in the joint ban on imports containing "azo" dyes for textiles; Denmark requires that all imported beer and soft drinks have to use reusable containers. This will undoubtedly give us such a clear trend: more and more close to the green design of people's lives, and deep-seated principle of "humanity" of the design concept.At present, the contents of green design is mainly embodied in the product design and development, divided into three aspects: First, raw material selection and management; Second, the product recovery and post-processing; Third, the removable components of products and recycling. In fact, not enough of these or other areas, such as the protection of human heritage, natural biological protection, urban development, new energy development and the economical use of existing resources should be included in all of them.By Jonas "responsibility principle" can be seen: the principle of sustainable development 'of the entire human and natural survival. This is not the design of their personal interests, nor is the existence of individual design, but designed to maintain the whole of humanity and all life's problems, this is a "person from the concept of the categorical imperative ontology."Green design complied with the principles of sustainable development,coordination and resolve the important issues of human existence, has become a national, academic and business focus, but a long time, in economic development, we have ignored a lot of things human subject, such as environmental pollution, the greenhouse effect, ozone depletion, acid rain, floods, infectious diseases, forest desertification, the destruction of the food chain and a variety of biological and other natural and man-made extinction of retaliation, in our country, this case is the occurrence of ... Our living environment has been an emergency."Humanized" design must be "designed for the benefit of humanity" for the purpose, we have to nature as the starting point of the whole design, a comprehensive, long-term consideration of man and nature, man and society, to consider the continuation of human life, this is the only way truly reflect the "human" design "people-oriented" purposes. More importantly, it gives a modern design to update the position so as to prevent the design is conducive to the material of modern society, the traditional thinking of culture and friendship between the loss of human.The implementation of green design, designers rely on the input and the state is far from sufficient, but the community as a whole, the common responsibility of humankind as a whole. This requires the "humane" the ultimate goal of Design to conduct in-depth understanding of the "green design" "sustainable development" to vigorously advocate the concept of modern design, and experience to infiltrate the hearts of every individual.A modern design science and technology, a combination of technology and humanity, science and technology to design a solid structure and good function, and art and design give the beauty of human nature, full of fun and vitality. From the concept of modern design can be seen in modern design adhere to the "people-oriented", "human nature" of the design thoughts and feelings.A general sense of "humanity""Humanized" design is a modern design point of view of the main starting point. At present, the design in terms of function or form have emerged the trend of diversification of new products to people's lives brought about by a lot of convenience, let the appearance of beautiful people in the use of products at the same time felt the United States, to meet the modern pursuit of the needs of high-quality life.。