物流管理英文文献以及翻译
物流管理英文文献以及翻译
An internet-based logistics management system for enterprise chainsN. Prindezis, C.T. KiranoudisSchool of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University, 15780 Athens,GreeceReceived 13 September 2003; received in revised form 20 December 2003; accepted27 January 2004Available online 10 December 2004.Developing the internet-based application toolWeb services offer new opportunities in business landscape, facilitating a global marketplace where business rapidly create innovative products and serve customers better. Whatever that business needs is, Web services have the flexibility to meet the demand and allow to accelerate outsourcing. In turn, the developer can focus on building core competencies to create customer and shareholder value. Application development is also more efficient because existing Web services, regardless of where they were developed, can easily be reused.Many of the technology requirements for Web services exist today, such as open standards for business to-business applications, mission-critical transaction platforms and secure integration and messaging products. However, to enable robust and dynamic integration of applications, the industry standards and tools that extend the capabilities of to days business-to-business interoperability are required. The key to taking full advantage of Web services is to understand what Web services are and how the market is likely to evolve. One needs to be able to invest in platforms and applications today that will enable the developer to quickly and effectively realize these benefits as well as to be able to meet the specific needs and increase business productivity.Typically, there are two basic technologies to be implemented when dealing with internet-based applications; namely server-based and client-based. Both technologies have their strong points regarding development of the code and the facilities they provide. Server-based applications involve the development of dynamically created web pages. These pages are transmitted to the web browser of the client and contain code in the form of HTML and JA V ASCRIPT language. The HTML part is the static part of the page that contains forms and controls for user needs and the JA V ASCRIPT part is the dynamic part of the page. Typically, the structure of the code can be completely changed through the intervention of web server mechanisms added on the transmission part and implemented by server-based languages such as ASP, JSP, PHP, etc. This comes to the development of an integrated dynamic page application where user desire regarding problem peculiarities (calculating shortest paths, execute routing algorithms, transact with the database, etc.) is implemented by appropriately invoking different parts of the dynamic content of such pages. In server-based applications all calculations are executed on the server. In client-based applications, JA V A appletsprevail. Communication of the user is guaranteed by the well-known JA V A mechanism that acts as the medium between the user and code.Everything is executed on the client side. Data in this case have to be retrieved, once and this might be the time-consuming part of the transaction.In server-based applications, server resources are used for all calculations and this requires powerful server facilities with respect to hardware and software. Client-based applications are burdened with data transmission (chiefly related to road network data). There is a remedy to that; namely caching. Once loaded, they are left in the cache archives of the web browser to be instantly recalled when needed.In our case, a client-based application was developed. The main reason was the demand from the users point of view for personal data discretion regarding their clients. In fact, this information was kept secret in our system even from the server side involved.Data management plays major role in the good function of our system. This role becomes more substantial when the distribution takes place within a large and detailed road network like this of a major complex city. More specifically, in order to produce the proposed the routing plan, the system uses information about:●the locations of the depot and the customers within the road network of the city(their co-ordinates attached in the map of the city),●the demand of the customers serviced,●the capacity of the vehicles used,●the spatial characteristics of road segments of the net work examined,●the topography of the road network,●the speed of the vehicle, considering the spatial characteristics of the road and thearea within of which is moved,●the synthesis of the company fleet of vehicles.Consequently, the system combines, in real time, the available spatial characteristics with all other information mentioned above, and tools for modelling, spatial, non-spatial, and statistical analysis, image processing forming a scalable, extensible and interoperable application environment.The validation and verification of addresses of customers ensure the accurate estimation of travel times and distances travelled. In the case of boundary in the total route duration, underestimates of travel time may lead to failure of the programmed routing plan whereas overestimates can lower the utilization of drivers and vehicles, and create unproductive wait times as well (Assad, 1991). The data corresponding to the area of interest involved two different details. A more detailed network, appropriately for geocoding (approximately 250,000 links) and a less detailed for routing (about 10,000 links). The two networks overlapped exactly. The tool that provides solutions to problems of effectively determining the shortest path, expressed in terms of travel time or distance travelled, within a specific road network, using the Dijkstra’s algorithm(Winston,1993). In particular, the Dijkstra’s algorithm is used in two cases during the process of developing the routing plan. In the first case, it calculates the travel times between all possible pairs of depot and customers so thatthe optimizer would generate the vehicle routes connecting them and in the second case it determines the shortest path between two involved nodes (depot or customer) in the routing plan, as this was determined by the algorithm previously. Due to the fact, that U-turn and left-,right-turn restrictions were taken into consideration for network junctions, an arc-based variant of the algorithm was taken into consideration (Jiang, Han, & Chen, 2002).The system uses the optimization algorithms mentioned in the following part in order to automatically generate the set of vehicle routes (which vehicles should deliver to which customers and in which order) minimizing simultaneously the vehicle costs and the total distance travelled by the vehicles This process involves activities that tend to be more strategic and less structured than operational procedures. The system helps planners and managers to view information in new way and examine issues such as: ●the average cost per vehicle, and route,●the vehicle and capacity utilization,●the service level and cost,●the modification of the existing routing scenario by adding or subtractingcustomers.In order to support the above activities, the interface of the proposed system provides a variety of analyzed geographic and tabulated data capabilities. Moreover, the system can graphically represent each vehicle route separately, cutting it o? from the final routing plan and offering the user the capability for perceiving the road network and the locations of depot and customers with all details.基于互联网的连锁企业的物流管理系统N. Prindezis，C.T. Kiranoudis化工学院，国立技术大学，15780雅典，希腊收到2003年9月13日，在经修订的形式收到的2003年12月20号，接受2004年1月27日可在线二〇〇四年十二月十日翻译曹蓝发展基于互联网的应用工具Web服务提供的商业景观的新机会，促进全球市场在业务快速推出创新的产品和客户提供更好的服务。
物流工程与管理英文文献
物流工程与管理英文文献Logistics Engineering and Management.Logistics engineering and management is a complex and challenging field that encompasses a wide range of activities, from planning and design to execution and control. The goal of logistics engineering and managementis to ensure that the right products are delivered to the right place, at the right time, and at the right cost.To achieve this goal, logistics engineers and managers must have a deep understanding of a variety of disciplines, including transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and supply chain management. They must also be able to work effectively with a variety of stakeholders, including customers, suppliers, and transportation providers.The field of logistics engineering and management is constantly evolving, as new technologies and new business models emerge. To stay ahead of the curve, logisticsengineers and managers must be willing to continuously learn and adapt. They must also be able to think critically and solve problems creatively.Education and Training.There are a variety of educational programs available for those who wish to pursue a career in logistics engineering and management. These programs typically offer a combination of coursework and hands-on experience.The coursework in a logistics engineering and management program typically covers a wide range of topics, including:Transportation.Warehousing.Inventory management.Supply chain management.Logistics engineering.Logistics management.In addition to coursework, many logistics engineering and management programs also offer opportunities for hands-on experience. This experience can take the form of internships, co-ops, or research projects.Career Opportunities.Logistics engineers and managers are employed in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, retail, and transportation. They may work for companies of all sizes, from small businesses to large corporations.Some of the common job titles for logistics engineers and managers include:Logistics engineer.Logistics manager.Supply chain manager.Transportation manager.Warehouse manager.Professional Development.There are a number of professional development opportunities available for logistics engineers and managers. These opportunities can help them to stay up-to-date on the latest trends in the field and to enhance their skills.Some of the common professional development opportunities for logistics engineers and managers include:Conferences.Workshops.Seminars.Training courses.Online learning.Conclusion.Logistics engineering and management is a challenging and rewarding field that offers a variety of career opportunities. Those who are interested in pursuing a career in this field should have a strong interest in engineering, business, and problem-solving. They should also be willing to continuously learn and adapt.。
物流管理的文献
物流管理的文献以下是一些关于物流管理的经典文献：1. Ballou, R. H. (2007). Business logistics/supply chain management. Pearson Education India. (巴洛, R. H. (2007). 《物流管理/供应链管理》。
印度皮尔逊教育公司。
)2. Coyle, J. J., Langley Jr, C. J., & Gibson, B. J. (2016). Supply chain management: A logistics perspective. Nelson Education. (科尔, J. J., 兰利, C. J., & 吉布森, B. J. (2016). 《供应链管理：物流视角》。
纳尔逊教育公司。
)3. Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK. (克里斯托弗, M. (2016). 《物流与供应链管理》。
英国皮尔逊出版公司。
)4. Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2015). Supply chain management: Strategy, planning, and operation. Pearson Education. (乔普拉, S., & 迈恩德尔, P. (2015). 《供应链管理：战略、规划和操作》。
皮尔逊教育公司。
)5. Sheffi, Y. (2018). The resilient enterprise: Overcoming vulnerability for competitive advantage. MIT Press. (谢菲, Y. (2018). 《弹性企业：克服脆弱性取得竞争优势》。
麻省理工学院出版社。
{物流管理}物流专业英语中英文
（物流管理）物流专业英语中英文⏹Highlightstheprinciplesofcompetitivestrategyandthepursuitofdifferentiationthroughthedevelopmentofproductivityandvalueadvantage.⏹强调竞争策略的原则，说明应通过发展生产力和价值优势来追求产品差异化。
The definition of Logistics management（物流管理定义）⏹Logisticsistheprocessofstrategicallymanagingtheprocurement,movementandstorageofmaterials,partsandfinishedinventory(andtherelatedinform ationflows)throughtheorganizationanditsmarketingchannelsinsuchaway thatcurrentandfutureprofitabilityaremaximizedthroughthecost-effective fulfillmentoforders.物流是壹个过程，它对企业及其所有营销渠道，从战略的角度管理原材料、零部件和最终库存品（包括关联信息流）的采购、流通和存储，以低成本完成订单，从而实现当前和未来的收益最大化What’s the basic successful factors in the marketplace? （成功三要素）⏹itisthe“ThreeC’S”:⏹TheCompany⏹It’sCustomers⏹It’sCompetitorsWhat’s the source of competitive advantage?（竞争优势）Thesourceofcompetitiveadvantageisfoundfirstlyintheabilityoftheorganizationt odifferentiateitself,intheeyesofthecustomers,fromitscompetitionandsecondlybyoperatingatalowercostandhenceatgreaterprofit.竞争优势首先源于企业标新立异的能力，企业只有自身和众不同，才能于客户眼中脱颖而出；其次，竞争优势源于比竞争对手更低的运营成本及因此获得的高利润。
物流配送英文文献及翻译
物流配送中英文对照英文文献及翻译1. INTRODUCTIONLogistics is normally considered as nothing more than getting the right product to the right place at the right time for the least cost. Faced with a rapidly changing environment, revolutionary changes in technology, continued government deregulation, the shortening of product life cycle, proliferation of product lines and shifts in traditional manufacturer-retailer relationships, many organisations have had to rethink their traditional assumptions.Over the last ten years one of the most significant changes in management thinking was the emphasis on the search for strategies that will provide superior value in competition. Logistics management has the potential to assist the organisation in the achievement of both a cost/productivity advantage and a value advantage. The importance of logistics and its integration in the supply chain was argued by.China is a huge consumer market that accounted for a third of global economic growth over the past three years. Its development speed and potential cannot be ignored by the rest of the world. As a result of China’s internal and external economic attributes, most of the global consumer brands have established operations there. In particular in the automobileindustry, many of the leading global OEMs including Honda, T oyota, General Motors, Volkswagen and Ford have established joint-venture partnerships with local car manufacturers. Auto sales in China rose by 76% in the year to July 2003 and by 2011, China is expected to surpass Japan to become the world’s second largest auto market. In order to compete in the Chinese market share and satisfy increasing demand, these operations are continuously expanding their production volumes with astonishing speed. Such expansion is, however carried out in the context of a legacy environment.China spans a large geographical area with, in many parts, under-developed infrastructure. This presents a challenge to efficient deployment of logistics strategies. Furthermore, the involvement of third party logistics providers, favoured by most global OEMs, is an emergent consideration in China. Finally, the conflicts that inevitably arise in the joint venture partnerships lead to delays in the introduction of western logistics management experiences and methods from the OEMs. All these factors increase the difficulties in managing logistics by China’s local auto makers.2. The overall development of foreign distribution Overview2.1 The United States of modern logistics developmentTwenty-first century from the 60s on wards, the rationalization ofdistribution of goods in general are valued in the United States to take the following measures: First, the warehouse will replace the old distribution center: The second is the management of the introduction of computer networks, on the loading and unloading, handling, custody, standardized operation, improve operating efficiency; Third, the common chain distribution centers set up to promote the growth of chain-effective. United States chain stores have a variety of distribution centers, mainly in the wholesale-based, retail and warehouse-type three types.2.2 Japan's modern logistics developmentOn logistics and distribution of wood with the following features: well-developed distribution channels, frequent, low-volume stock, logistics and distribution reflects the common and set the trend sticks, logistics and distribution cooperative, the Government planning in the development of modern logistics and distribution play an important role in the process of .2.3 European modern development of logisticsCountries in Europe, especially Germany, logistics refers to the user's orders in accordance with the requirements of positions in the logistics sub-goods distribution, the goods will be sent to the consignee with good activities. Germany's logistics industry formed of basic commodities from origin to distribution center, from the distribution center (and sometimes through more than one distribution center) arrive at the modern mode ofend customers. Traveled in Germany, it can be said of the logistics and distribution in Germany has been formed to final demand-oriented to the modernization of transport and high-tech information network as a bridge toa reasonable R69 distribution center hub to run a complete system.2.4 the main reasons of logistics industry developing faster in developed countriesRelying on high-tech to the core economies of scale to allow flexibility based on a variety of forms.3、China's 3PL enterprises are facing a major obstacle to business3.1 The current situation of China's 3PLChina's 3PL enterprises: service radius of a small, low entry barriers. With the gradual warming heat logistics, urban logistics industry is also increasingly unitary covered by the importance and development. However, due to historical reasons in our country, the long-standing emphasis on production of a light flow, heavy flow to light the idea of the logistics, distribution of development in the not yet ripe at this stage, there is the issue more prominent in the following two aspects: the service delivery difficult to play a central role, the process of distribution of the low level of modernization.China's 3PL companies with foreign 3PL companies mainly in the gapbetween the three aspects: First, procurement capacity, and the other is logistics, and the third is cash flow. Aspects of logistics and distribution, foreign retailers have done very well, has a set of efficient logistics information system, which can effectively improve the inventory turnover rate, so as to enhance the return on assets and profitability. And domestic retailers in this area has just started, or have not yet started.3.2 distribution center lower the overall distribution, commercial chain failed to give full play to the advantagesFrom our point of view the existing commercial retail enterprises, in addition to some large, well-known commercial enterprises, the general commercial "chain" businesses are not set up their own logistics and distribution centers or use third-party logistics center. Although these companies have also established some of his own "chain" stores, but in fact operating goods stores do not do "unified procurement, unified distribution, unified billing," which allows some commercial retail enterprises, "chain" seems to exist in name only. The other has been established in their own logistics and distribution centers or use third-party logistics distribution center of commodities in commercial enterprises, the effectiveness of distribution centers has not been effective, which in turn affected the procurement cost of an integrated chain advantages, including outstanding manifested by the distribution center for goods distribution ratio of unity isvery low. Uniform distribution logistics center can not be achieved, indicating the store's commercial enterprises "unified purchase" did not materialize, rather than a unified procurement chain has lost the core strengths.3.3 China's more enterprises are facing a major obstacle of the higher logistics costWal-Mart 8 5% of the commodities distribution through the distribution center, in which 80% is through the "zero inventory" of the more complete form of the distribution database. Wal-Mart as a result of the use of the "Cross distribution" and "auto-replenishment" of supply chain technology, so that goods turnover in the Treasury down to 2 days. And retail enterprises in China are in the 15-30 days, which reflects the retail , distribution enterprises, underdeveloped logistics system, distribution costs are too high. Rapid expansion of retail enterprises in China's size and speed in the short term if they can not form a qualitative edge is a dangerous speculation.Over the years the practice has proved that the multi-purpose logistics distribution center, intensive, low-cost supply hub, as well as the use of information technology to reorganize and upgrade the entire flow of the supply chain management is the core of large-scale retail enterprises strategy is to support the retail giant super-conventional development. The face of large-scale retail and distribution businesses of the main distribution center logistics requirements planning, focusing on how to reflect the integration of。
(完整word版)物流外文文献翻译
外文文献原稿和译文原稿Logistics from the English word "logistics", the original intent of the military logistics support, in the second side after World War II has been widely used in the economic field. Logistics Management Association of the United States is defined as the logistics, "Logistics is to meet the needs of consumers of raw materials, intermediate products, final products and related information to the consumer from the beginning to the effective flow and storage, implementation and control of the process of . "Logistics consists of four key components: the real flow, real storage, and management to coordinate the flow of information. The primary function of logistics is to create time and space effectiveness of the effectiveness of the main ways to overcome the space through the storage distance.Third-party logistics in the logistics channel services provided by brokers, middlemen in the form of the contract within a certain period of time required to provide logistics services in whole or in part. Is a third-party logistics companies for the external customer management, control and operation of the provision of logistics services company.According to statistics, currently used in Europe the proportion of third-party logistics services for 76 percent, the United States is about 58%, and the demand is still growing; 24 percent in Europe and the United States 33% of non-third-party logistics service users are actively considering the use of third-party logistics services. As a third-party logistics to improve the speed of material flow, warehousing costs and financial savings in the cost effective means of passers-by, has become increasingly attracted great attention.First, the advantages of using a third-party logisticsThe use of third-party logistics enterprises can yield many benefits, mainly reflected in: 1, focus on core businessManufacturers can use a third-party logistics companies to achieve optimal distribution of resources, limited human and financial resources to concentrate on their coreenergy, to focus on the development of basic skills, develop new products in the world competition, and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises.2, cost-savingProfessional use of third-party logistics providers, the professional advantages of mass production and cost advantages, by providing the link capacity utilization to achieve cost savings, so that enterprises can benefit from the separation of the cost structure. Manufacturing enterprises with the expansion of marketing services to participate in any degree of depth, would give rise to a substantial increase in costs, only the use of professional services provided by public services, in order to minimize additional losses. University of Tennessee in accordance with the United States, United Kingdom and the United States EXEL company EMST & YOUNG consulting firm co-organized a survey: a lot of cargo that enable them to use third-party logistics logistics costs declined by an average of 1.18 percent, the average flow of goods from 7.1 days to 3.9 days, stock 8.2% lower.3, reduction of inventoryThird-party logistics service providers with well-planned logistics and timely delivery means, to minimize inventory, improve cash flow of the enterprise to achieve cost advantages.4, enhance the corporate imageThird-party logistics service providers and customers is a strategic partnership, the use of third-party logistics provider of comprehensive facilities and trained staff on the whole supply chain to achieve complete control, reducing the complexity of logistics, through their own networks to help improve customer service, not only to establish their own brand image, but also customers in the competition.Second, The purpose of the implementation of logistics management The purpose of the implementation of logistics management is to the lowest possible total cost of conditions to achieve the established level of customer service, or service advantages and seek cost advantages of a dynamic equilibrium, and thus create competitive enterprises in the strategic advantage. According to this goal, logistics management to solve the basic problem, simply put, is to the right products to fit the number and the right price atthe right time and suitable sites available to customers.Logistics management systems that use methods to solve the problem. Modern Logistics normally be considered by the transport, storage, packaging, handling, processing in circulation, distribution and information constitute part of all. All have their own part of the original functions, interests and concepts. System approach is the use of modern management methods and modern technology so that all aspects of information sharing in general, all the links as an integrated system for organization and management, so that the system can be as low as possible under the conditions of the total cost, provided there Competitive advantage of customer service. Systems approach that the system is not the effectiveness of their various local links-effective simple sum. System means that, there's a certain aspects of the problem and want to all of the factors affecting the analysis and evaluation. From this idea of the logistics system is not simply the pursuit of their own in various areas of the lowest cost, because the logistics of the link between the benefits of mutual influence, the tendency of mutual constraints, there is the turn of the relationship between vulnerability. For example, too much emphasis on packaging materials savings, it could cause damage because of their easy to transport and handling costs increased. Therefore, the systems approach stresses the need to carry out the total cost analysis, and to avoid the second best effect and weigh the cost of the analysis, so as to achieve the lowest cost, while meeting the established level of customer se rvice purposes.Third, China's enterprises in the use of third-party logistics problems in While third-party logistics company has many advantages, but not many enterprises will be more outsourcing of the logistics business, the reasons boil down to:1, resistance to changeMany companies do not want the way through the logistics outsourcing efforts to change the current mode. In particular, some state-owned enterprises, we reflow will also mean that the dismissal of outsourcing a large number of employees, which the managers of state-owned enterprises would mean a very great risk.2, lack of awarenessFor third-party logistics enterprise's generally low level of awareness, lack of awareness of enterprise supply chain management in the enterprise of the great role in thecompetition.3, fear of losing controlAs a result of the implementation of supply chain companies in enhancing the competitiveness of the important role that many companies would rather have a small but complete logistics department and they do not prefer these functions will be handed over to others, the main reasons it is worried that if they lose the internal logistics capabilities, customers will be exchanges and over-reliance on other third-party logistics companies. 4, the logistics outsourcing has its own complexitySupply chain logistics business and companies are usually other services, such as finance, marketing or production of integrated logistics outsourcing itself with complexity. On a number of practical business, including the integration of transport and storage may lead to organizational, administrative and implementation problems. In addition, the company's internal information system integration features, making the logistics business to a third party logistics companies have become very difficult to operate.5, to measure the effect of logistics outsourcing by many factorsAccurately measure the cost of information technology, logistics and human resources more difficult. It is difficult to determine the logistics outsourcing companies in the end be able to bring the cost of how many potential good things. In addition, all the uniqueness of the company's business and corporate supply chain operational capability, is usually not considered to be internal to the external public information, it is difficult to accurately compare the inter-company supply chain operational capability.Although some manufacturers have been aware of the use of third-party logistics companies can bring a lot of good things, but in practical applications are often divided into several steps, at the same time choose a number of logistics service providers as partners in order to avoid the business by a logistics service providers brought about by dependence. Fourth, China's third-party logistics companies in the development of the problems encounteredA successful logistics company, the operator must have a larger scale, the establishment of effective regional coverage area, with a strong command and control center with the high standard of integrated technical, financial resources and business strategy.China's third-party logistics companies in the development of the problems encountered can be summarized as follows:1, operating modelAt present, most of the world's largest logistics companies take the head office and branch system, centralized headquarters-style logistics operation to take to the implementation of vertical business management. The establishment of a modern logistics enterprise must have a strong, flexible command and control center to control the entire logistics operations and coordination. Real must be a modern logistics center, a profit center, business organizations, the framework, the institutional form of every match with a center. China's logistics enterprises in the operating mode of the problems of foreign logistics enterprises in the management model should be from the domestic logistics enterprises.2, the lack of storage or transport capacityThe primary function of logistics is to create time and space utility theft. For now China's third-party logistics enterprises, some companies focus on storage, lack of transport capacity; other companies is a lot of transport vehicles and warehouses throughout the country little by renting warehouses to complete the community's commitment to customers. 3, network problemsThere are a few large companies have the logistics of the entire vehicle cargo storage network or networks, but the network coverage area is not perfect. Customers in the choice of logistics partner, are very concerned about network coverage and network of regional branches of the density problem. The building of the network should be of great importance to logistics enterprises.4, information technologyThe world's largest logistics enterprises have "three-class network", that is, orders for information flow, resources, global supply chain network, the global Resource Network users and computer information network. With the management of advanced computer technology, these customers are also the logistics of the production of high value-added products business, the domestic logistics enterprises must increase investment in information systems can change their market position.Concentration and integration is the third-party logistics trends in the development ofenterprises. The reasons are: firstly, the company intends to major aspects of supply chain outsourcing to the lowest possible number of several logistics companies; the second, the establishment of an efficient global third party logistics inputs required for increasing the capital; the third Many third-party logistics providers through mergers and joint approaches to expand its service capabilities.译文物流已广泛应用于经济领域中的英文单词“物流”，军事后勤保障的原意，在二战结束后的第二面。
物流相关的英文文献
物流相关的英文文献英文回答：Logistics: A Comprehensive Overview.Logistics is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient and effective flow of goods, services, and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption. It involves the coordination of a wide range of activities, including transportation, warehousing, inventory management, order fulfillment, and customer service.Key Concepts in Logistics.Transportation: Moving goods from one location to another using various modes of transport, such as trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes.Warehousing: Storing goods in a secure and efficientmanner until they are needed.Inventory Management: Managing the levels of stock to ensure availability while minimizing costs.Order Fulfillment: Processing customer orders, selecting and packaging goods, and delivering them to the desired destination.Customer Service: Providing support and assistance to customers throughout the logistics process.Types of Logistics.Inbound Logistics: The process of acquiring raw materials and components from suppliers.Outbound Logistics: The process of distributing finished goods to customers.Reverse Logistics: The process of managing the return of goods, such as defective products or excess inventory.Third-Party Logistics (3PL): The use of external providers to handle all or part of the logistics operations.Importance of Logistics.Logistics plays a crucial role in businesses by:Reducing costs through efficient operations and optimization.Improving customer satisfaction through timely and accurate deliveries.Enhancing supply chain visibility and responsiveness.Increasing flexibility and adaptability to market changes.Challenges in Logistics.The logistics industry constantly faces variouschallenges, including:Globalization: Increasingly complex and global supply chains.Technology: Keeping up with advancements in transportation, warehousing, and information systems.Demand Fluctuations: Managing supply and demand variations while maintaining service levels.Environmental Concerns: Minimizing the environmental impact of logistics operations.Trends in Logistics.The logistics industry is continuously evolving, with key trends emerging such as:Automation and Robotics: Increased use of technology to automate tasks and improve efficiency.Sustainability: Focus on reducing the environmental footprint of logistics operations.Data Analytics: Leveraging data to optimize processes and make informed decisions.E-commerce: Growing impact of e-commerce on logistics demand and delivery expectations.中文回答：物流，全面概述。
英语物流论文带翻译
2.练习口头交流：定期练习用英语进行口头交流对提高流利度和准确性至关重要。可以通过角色扮演场景、参与英语会议和与同事和客户交流来实现这一目标。
3. Use English in Daily Operations: Actively using English in daily logistics operations, such as writing emails, creating reports, and communicating with international partners, can help reinforce language skills and build confidence in using English in professional settings.
Case Study: The Impact of English Proficiency on Logistics Operations
To illustrate the importance of English proficiency in logistics, let's consider a case study of a multinational logistics company that operates in China. The company's staff includes both Chinese and foreign employees, and the official language of the company is English. However, the Chinese employees have varying levels of English proficiency, which has resulted in miscommunications and errors in operations. For example, during a shipment delivery, a misinterpretation of an English instruction led to the wrong product being sent to the customer, causing a delay and customer dissatisfaction. This case highlights the significant impact of English proficiency on the effectiveness and efficiency of logistics operations.
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基于互联网的连锁企业的物流管理系统
N. ，.
化工学院，国立技术大学，15780雅典，希腊
收到2003年9月13日，在经修订的形式收到的2003年12月20号，接受
2004年1月27日
可在线二〇〇四年十二月十日
翻译曹蓝
发展基于互联网的应用工具
服务提供的商业景观的新机会，促进全球市场在业务快速推出创新的产品
和客户提供更好的服务。
无论是企业需要的是，服务可以灵活地满足需求，并允许加速外包。
反过来，开发人员可以专注于构建核心竞争力，创造客户和股东价值。
应用程序开发，也更有效，因为现有的服务，无论他们在那里开发的，可以很容易地重用。
对网络服务的技术要求，很多今天存在的，如营业标准，业务应用，关键任务交易平台和安全的一体化和信息产品。
不过，为使强大和动态系统的综合应用，行业标准和工具，扩大天的业务能力，对企业的互操作性是必需的。
在采取了充分利用网络服务的关键是要了解什么是服务，以及如何在市场可能发生变化。
人们需要能够在今天的平台和应用的投资，使开发人员快速而有效地实现这些好处，也能够满足特定需求，提高企业的生产力。
通常，有两种实施处理时，互联网的应用程序，即基于服务器和基本技术，基于客户的。
这两种技术
有自己的长处对代码的发展和它们所提供的设施。
服务器的应用程序涉及的动态创建的网页的发展。
这些网页传送给客户端的网络浏览器和包含在和语言形式的代码。
部分的的网页，其中包含形式和用户需求和的部分控制部分是静态页面的动态部分。
通常情况下，代码的结构完全可以通过干预机制的服务器上的改变增加
传动部分和服务器实现基于如，，和语言等，这涉及到一个综合的动态网页应用程序开发的用户希望有关问题的特殊性（计算最短路径，执行路由算法，处理与数据库，等）是通过适当援引这些网页的动态内容的不同部分。
在基于服务器的所有应用
计算在服务器上执行。
在客户端的应用程序，小程序为准。
用户的通信保障由著名的的机制，充当用户的代码。
一切都执行在客户端。
在这种情况下的数据必须被检索，一次，这可能是费时的交易的一部分。
在服务器的应用程序，服务器资源是所有计算中，这就要求有关的硬件和软件功能强大的服务器设施。
基于客户端的应用程序与数据传输负担（主要是与道路网络数据）。
有一个该补救方法，即缓存。
一旦加载，他们留在浏览器的快取档案将在需要时立即召回。
就我们而言，客户端的应用程序的开发。
主要的原因是从有关个人资料的
客户自行查看用户的用电量。
事实上，这些信息是保密的，甚至在我们的系统从服务器涉及的方面。
数据管理在我们的制度好职能的主要作用。
这种作用变得更为实质性的分配时，需要在一个像一个大的城市大型复杂和详细的道路网进行。
更具体地说，为了生产计划提出的路线，系统使用的信息：
●在城市道路网在车厂地点和客户（他们统筹重视在城市地图）接受服务
的客户的需求，
●所用车辆的能力，
●的净工作道路部分的空间特征研究，
●道路网地形，
●车辆的速度，考虑到道路的空间特征和地区范围内的移动，
●该公司车队车辆的合成。
因此，该系统结合实时，可用空间特征与上述其他所有信息，以及造型，空间，非空间，和统计分析工具，图像处理形成一个可伸缩，可扩展和可互操作的应用环境。
验证和核查，确保客户的地址的旅行时间和旅行距离准确估计。
在边界线的总时间的情况，可能导致低估了，而高估了编程路由计划可以降低司机的利用和失败的旅行时间车辆，并建立非生产性等待时间，以及（阿萨德，1991）。
数据对应感兴趣的区域，涉及两个不同的细节。
更详细的网络，适当地地理编码（约250,000链接）和更少的路由（约10,000个链接）详细。
两个网络完全重叠。
该工具提供了解决方案有效地确定最短路径问题，在旅行时间和旅行距离来计算，在一个特定的道路网络，利用算法（温斯顿，1993年）。
特别是，算法是在两种情况下使用，在发展过程中的路由计划。
在第一种情况，它计算之间的车厂和可能对所有客户的旅行时间，以便优化器将生成的车辆路线连接并在第二种情况下它决定了涉及两个节点（仓库或客户中）最短路径路由计划，因为这是确定先前的算法。
由于这样的事实，即掉头和左，右转向限制是考虑到网络的路口，一个弧形的算法的变种考虑（江，韩，及陈，2002）。
该系统使用的算法在以下部分中提到的优化，以自动生成车辆路线设置（即车辆应提供哪些客户的顺序），同时最大限度地减少车辆的费用和总距离行驶的车辆，这一过程涉及活动往往更具有战略性和业务程序不到结构。
该系统可
以帮助规划人员和管理人员，以查看新的方式的信息和研究的问题，例如：
●每辆车的平均成本，和路线，
●车辆和产能利用率，
●服务水平和成本，
●通过增加或减少客户现有的路由方案的修改。
为了支持上述活动，拟议的系统接口提供了各种分析和列的地理数据功能。
此外，该系统可以图形方式表示每辆汽车的路线分别削减它从最后的路由计划和为用户提供了感知的道路网络，并与所有细节车厂和客户的地点的能力。