被动语态的用法和主动句变被动句
主动句变被动句的转换规则
主动句变被动句的转换规则被动语态是英语语法中的一种句子结构，通过该结构，可以更加突出动作的承受者而非执行者。
下面是主动句变被动句的转换规则，帮助你理解和应用被动语态。
1. 一般现在时：主动句结构为“主语+ 动词原形+ 宾语”，被动句结构为“宾语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + by + 主语”。
示例：主动句：She washes the car. 被动句：The car is washed by her.2. 一般过去时：主动句结构为“主语+ 动词过去式+ 宾语”，被动句结构为“宾语 + was/were + 过去分词 + by + 主语”。
示例：主动句：He repaired the car. 被动句：The car was repaired by him.3. 一般将来时：主动句结构为“主语+ will + 动词原形+ 宾语”，被动句结构为“宾语 + will + be + 过去分词 + by + 主语”。
示例：主动句：They will deliver the package. 被动句：The package will be delivered by them.4. 现在进行时：主动句结构为“主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing形式+ 宾语”，被动句结构为“宾语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词+ by + 主语”。
示例：主动句：She is writing a letter. 被动句：A letter is being written by her.5. 过去进行时：主动句结构为“主语 + was/were + 动词-ing形式+ 宾语”，被动句结构为“宾语 + was/were + being + 过去分词+ by + 主语”。
示例：主动句：They were preparing dinner. 被动句：Dinner was being prepared by them.6. 现在完成时：主动句结构为“主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 宾语”，被动句结构为“宾语 + have/has + been + 过去分词 + by + 主语”。
初中知识点归纳被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换
初中知识点归纳被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换初中知识点归纳：被动语态的特殊用法与句型转换被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，它常常用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在初中阶段，学生们逐渐接触和学习被动语态。
除了一般的被动语态用法外，还有一些特殊用法和句型转换需要我们掌握。
本文将针对这些内容进行简要归纳。
一、特殊用法1. 不知情的被动当我们描述某事被做时，但不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用不知情的被动语态。
例句：1) The window was broken.（窗户破了）2) The purse has been stolen.（钱包被偷了）2. 句型“have/get something done”在英语中，“have/get something done”表示让别人为自己做某事的意思。
在被动语态中，主语是接受动作的对象，而动作的执行者常常不重要或未指明。
例句：1) I had my hair cut.（我理了发）2) She got her car repaired.（她让人修了车）3. 句型“be to blame for”当我们想表达某事是由某人负责或应该为其负责时，可以使用“be to blame for”这一被动语态句型。
例句：1) He is to blame for the accident.（他应为这次事故负责）2) They were to blame for the delay.（他们应对耽搁负责）二、句型转换1. 主动句变被动句将主动句转换为被动句时，需要注意以下几点：1) 主语变为被动语态的主语；2) 动词使用被动形式（be+过去分词）；3) 如果主动句中有宾语，需要将其变为被动语态句中的主语。
例句：1) 主动句：They build bridges.（他们建桥）被动句：Bridges are built by them.（桥被他们建造）2. 被动句变主动句将被动句转换为主动句时，可以根据以下步骤进行：1) 被动语态的主语变为主动语态的宾语；2) 被动语态的谓语动词变为主动语态的谓语动词；3) 被动语态的宾语变为主动语态的主语。
将下列句子变为被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the worldEnglish is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。
3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。
现在完成时与被动语态
一. 被动语态主动语态：主语主动执行被动语态：主语被动承受例句：The lazy sheep was caught by the gray wolf again!1.被动语态的基本机构：be +及物动词过去分词2. 主动变被动的基本规则：主动语态：被动语态：+ 其他成分例1：Many people speak English.○1○2○3被动句：English is spoken by many people.○3○2○1例2：He cheated her.○1○2○3被动句：She was cheated by him.○3○2○13.主动句变被动句的主要规则：(1). 人称代词主格做主语，宾格做宾语。
(2). 被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)He gives up smoking. 被动句：______________________________(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为：一般过去时被动语态为：一般将来时被动语态为：现在完成时被动语态为：(4).情态动词+ be done由上可见，被动语态的时态由_____be 动词___ 来体现。
(5). 被动语态中，by+动作的发出者放在句末(课省略)，by 表示“由，被”的意思。
4.被动语态的注意点（1）“三看一听”hear, see, watch, notice，使役动词make等主动句中to 走开，被动句中to 回来。
I heard my sister sing in her room yesterday.被动句：My mother always makes me do some housework.被动句：______________________________________________（2）say, believe, consider, know, expect, think 等词接宾语从句，变被动句用It is / was said/believed…. that……….People believe he told the truth.被动句：_________________________________________（3）常见无被动的词：happen 意为“发生”时，主语为物，sth happen to sb, 无被动belong to, take place, rise, sell well, remain, run out, come true等无被动(4) 感官动词__feel, look, smell, taste, sound_, 主动表被动The news sounds terrible.二. 现在完成时1、语境分析①动作发生在过去，已完成，强调对现在有影响---Are you hungry? ---No, I have had breakfast.②动作发生在过去，未完成，持续到现在或未来I have studied English for 10 years.2. 标志性的时间状语：already___________, yet_____________ _____________，ever_____________ never___________, before___________In the last/past + 一段时间________________________________So far ________________For + 一段时间___________________________Since + 过去的时间点since then，since two years ago, since 1996……+ 从句（过去式）次数（twice，three times , four times……）注意：1）already用于肯定句，I have already eaten lunch.yet用于一般疑问句或否定句_______ you eaten lunch _________? I haven’t eaten lunch ________.2）Have you ever read this story (before)? -----I have never read it.3) In the last three weeks, I have read 5 books.4) We have known each other for 5 years.5) Qingdao has changed greatly so far.6) I haven’t seen my teachers since I left school.7)I have lived here since 2010. (since 3 years ago)3、重点词组辨析①have/has gone to 去了……(人未回)②Have/has been to 去过……(人已回)③Have/has been in 去……多久（有一段时间）4. 与延续性的时间状语连用的必须是延续性动词初中阶段常考的延续性时间状语：1）for +一段时间2）Since + 过去的时间点+ 从句（过去式）3）How long……?真题链接1. ---When _____ he _____ for London?---The day before yesterday. He _____ for two days.A. did, leave; has leftB. has, left; has leftC. did, leave; has been awayD. will, leave; is leaving附：常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的转化buy—___________; borrow—_____________;die—____________; leave—______________ (from);put on—____________ make friends—____________ come back—______________ start/ begin--_____________ fall asleep—______________; open—__________________;turn on—________________; turn off—_______________;go /get out—_____________; end /finish—_____________;get up—_________________; get married--_____________ arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点—_____________+地点；join—_____________+集体或______________________。
英语中的被动语态与主动语态的转换原则及例句
英语中的被动语态与主动语态的转换原则及例句将主动语态变为被动语态时，先把主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语（如为代词，宾格须变为主格），接着把主动结构的动词由主动语态变为被动语态，最后在动词被动语态之后加介词by，再将主动结构中的主语放在by之后，变为by的宾语（如为代词，主格须变为宾格）。
英语中大多数有及物动词的主动句都可以转换为被动句，具体转换原则和注意事项如下：第一、含一个宾语的主动句带一个直接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，把宾语变为主语，动词由主动结构变为被动结构，主语变为由介词引起的短语，by引起的短语有时可以省略，如：主动句：People play football all over the world.被动句：Football is played all over the world.第二、含双宾语的主动句带一个直接宾语和一个间接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，如：主动句：My friend lent me those books.被动句：Those books were lent (to) me by my friend.第三、含两个直接宾语的主动句带有两个直接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常只把表示人的宾语改为主语，表示事物的宾语一般不变，如主动句：They asked him some questions.被动句：He was asked some questions (by them).第四、含that宾语从句的主动句当含有that的宾语从句的主动句变为被动句时，通常以间接宾语作为主语，that从句不变；主动句：She told me that the teacher would come soon.被动句：I was told that the teacher would come soon.第五、含复合宾语的主动句带有宾语和宾语补足语的主动句变为被动句时，把宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语保留不变，但在作用上为主语补足语。
初中英语被动语态的用法及易错点归纳
初中英语被动语态的用法及易错点归纳一、主动语态和被动语态的概念主动语态和被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词的过去分词形式表示动作的完成或被动接受。
例如:I wrote a letter to my friend.(我给我朋友写了一封信。
)The letter was written by me to my friend.(这封信是我写给朋友的。
)被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者，谓语动词的过去分词形式表示动作的完成或被动接受。
例如:A letter was written to my friend by me.(我写给朋友的信。
)My friend was written to by me a letter.(我给我朋友写了封信。
)二、被动语态的结构及用法被动语态的结构为“be动词(am/is/are)+过去分词”，其中be动词用was/were 表示。
被动语态的用法如下:表示被动的动作或状态。
例如:The window was broken by the boy.(窗户被男孩打破了。
)表示强调主语的作用。
例如:The cake was made by my mother.(蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)表示强调动作的执行者。
例如:I was not able to finish the project on time.(我没有按时完成这个项目。
)表示客观描述或事实陈述。
例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(这辆车是由机械师修理的。
)用于疑问句和否定句中。
例如:Was the movie good?(这部电影好吗?)He was not able to finish the project on time.(他没有按时完成这个项目。
)2）不同时态中的被动语态被动语态是英语中常用的一种语态形式，用于表示动作的承受者。
在使用时，需要注意不同时态的被动语态结构。
被动语态一般规则
被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义一、语态结构比较二、变被动句步骤1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
主动语态变为被动语态例句：一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us.一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone.现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.过去进行时：主：They were carrying the hurt player. 被：The hurt player was being carried by them .现在完成时：主：He has received the letter. 被：The letter has been received by him.过去完成时：主：They had built ten bridges. 被：Ten bridges had been built by them.三、一般用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday.I am asked to study hard by my mother.Knives are used for cutting things.2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词The new shop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them.7.不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted.四、特殊用法1.不及物动词无被动语态。
被动语态的用法和主动句变被动句
练
习
[9]. Children should ___. A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of 固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的 介词或副词
二、常见语态转换 （一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。 练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态 1.Lucy bought some fruit. was______ bought _____ by Lucy. Some fruit _____ 2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers ___ are _______ watered ____ by Uncle Wang every day. 3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? built in 1998? ____ the bridge _____ Was 4.When did Lu Xun write these books? written ____ by Lu Xun? When _____these books _______ were 5.The farmers don’t grow apples on the farm. aren’t _____ grown on the farm. Apples _____ 6.They didn’t clean the classroom yesterday. wasn’t________ cleaned yesterday. The classroom _______ 小结： 1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_____ _______永不 be 形 是关键，过去分词 变。 主动时态 2、Be的时态由_______________ 确定；be的单/复数由____________ 被动主语 确定。 be 后加not. 3、问句提前__________; 否定________ be动词
被动语态的用法
三.主动语态变被动语态的方法
如图: S + V + O S + be + ved + by +O 例如： Scientists found dinosaur eggs.
inosaur eggs were found by
四.结构：
主动形式 一般式 do
can do will do 进行时 完成时 be doing
9.When and where did you buy Li Ming the gift? 10.How can you learn English well? 11.What did Li Ming give you last Sunday? 12.Why are they planting trees now? 13.Have you finished your homework? 14.Who will you show your pictures to? 15.Are the workers building many buildings? 16.Who kept you waiting outside the
2）在一些使役动词和感官动词后，不定 式作宾语补足语时，要省略不定式符 号to: We heard her sing in her room. He made me wait for a long time. I saw a boy get on a bus. The old man watches his son play on the ground every day.
2.一些表示感知的系动词 look,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用 主动形式表示被动意义。如： The red apple tastes delicious. 3.再need,want,(需要、必要、应该）， require, (值得）等后面跟ving表示 被动意义，相当于to be done. want doing sth=need doing sth=need to be done 如：
被动语态讲解(1) 主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：
初中被动语态语法讲解主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
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Sth be given to sb1 by sb.
此类动词有： pass, show, send…
buy be bought for
Sb buy sb1 sth. Sb 1 be bought sth by sb.
My father bought me a new book .
Sth be bought for sb1 by sb.
户是迈克打破的。
•
This book was written by Lu Xun.这
本书是鲁迅写的。
• The dinosaur eggs were found in the
Gebi Desert in the 1960s. 那些恐龙蛋是20
世纪60年代在戈壁滩上被发现的。
被动语态的用法
• (3) 为了更好地安排句子。
主动句变被动句需要注意的问题
• （3）带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下 把指人的间接宾语作为被动句的主语.当把指物 的直接宾语作为主语时，要加介词to,for
• Vivian gave me a book. (双宾语，人间物直， me为间接宾语，a book 为直接宾语)
• -- I was given a book by Vivian. • --A book was given to me by Vivian.
• （1）时态保持一致。 • I have repaired my computer. • My computer has been repaired. • （2）有些相当于及物动词的短语动词，如“动
词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于 被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分 开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 • 例 All the people laughed at him. • He was laughed at by all the people.
last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不 知道电脑是谁偷的) • This book was published in 1981.这本书 出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者）
被动语态的用法
• (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行 者。
• 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗
•
•
（原间接宾语人）（be done ）
•
（2）主语+谓语+ to/for+间接宾语（人）+ by + 宾语。
•
•
（原直接宾语物）（be done ）
如：give be given to
Sb give sb1 sth.
My father gave me a new
Sb 1 be given sth by sb. book .
1.主语
介词by 宾语
2.谓语
加be,并变为过去分词
3.宾语
主语
变化： The boy broke the glass.
示例
The glass was broken by the boy.
主动句变被动句
• 主动句： 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语。
•
（执行者）
（承受者）
• 被动句： 主语 + 谓语 + by +宾语。
此类动词还有：draw，make, cook,
mend…
主动句变被动句需要注意的问题
• （4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为 主＋及物动词＋宾＋宾补），将主动句的宾语变
为被动句的主语，宾补形式不变，但在被动句中
称为主语补足语。
• They call him Louis.
•
He is called Louis.
• Our teacher often asks us to be careful.
•
We are often asked to be careful by
Passive Voice (2)
By Grace Wong From Shifosi Junior High
School
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้动语态的用法
• 歌诀： • 谁做的动作不知道， • 说出谁做的没必要； • 动作承受者需强调， • 被动语态运用到。
被动语态的用法
• (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 • 例如：some new computers were stolen
• （2） Tom has locked the door.
•
The door has been locked by Tom.
• （3）They clean the classroom every day.
•
The classroom is cleaned every day.
主动句变被动句需要注意的问题
•
（承受者）（be+done） （执行者）
• All the people laughed at him.
•
• He was laughed at by all the people.
主动句变被动句
• （1） We must finish this work soon.
•
This work must be finished soon.
主动句变被动句
• (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 • (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) • (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，
以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决 定be的形式)。 • (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作 宾语，将主格改为宾格。
从主动语态变为被动语态
•
例：The well-known person got on the
bus and was immediately recognized by
people. （一个主语就够了）
• (4) 在传递命令或要求的时候，为了缓和语气， 通常用被动语态让听者感觉此事对事不对人。
• 例： The books can’t be taken out of the reading room. （书不能被拿出阅览室。）
（直接宾语提前时，要在间接宾语前加介词）
主动句变被动句需要注意的问题
• （3）带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下 把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语 物作为主语时，要加介词to,for
• 主动语态：主语 +谓语+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）
• 被动语态：（1）主语+谓语+ 直接宾语（物）+ by + 宾语。