高考英语50个必考的知识点

高考英语50个必考的知识点
高考英语50个必考的知识点

动词短语搭配

1. be fond of “喜爱,爱好”接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式

[1] He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。

[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?

[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。

2. hunt for = look for寻找

hunt for a job 找工作

3. in order to/so as to

两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.

[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.

[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.

为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。

4. care about

[1] 喜欢,对……有兴趣= care for

She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。

[2] 关心= care for

She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.她只考虑自己。不关心别人。

[3] 在乎,在意(接从句或不接任何成分)

These young people care nothing about what old people might say.这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。

5. such as意为“诸如……”,“像……”,是用来列举人或事物的。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目,像物理、化学。

6. drop a line留下便条, 写封短信

7. make yourself at home别客气;随便;无拘束

If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.

如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,随便一点。

8. stay up不睡;熬夜

[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.

我将回家很晚,不要等我了。

[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.

他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。

9. come about引起;发生;产生

[1] How did the accident come about?

这场事故是怎么发生的?

[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.

他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。

10. except for除……之外

[1] except 与except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如:He answered all the questions except the last one.

除去最后一个,他回答了所有问题。

We go there everyday except Sunday.

除了星期天,我们天天去那里。

[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如:

Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.

除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了。

Your picture isgood except for the colours.

你的画儿很好,只是某些色彩有问题。

[3] 但在现代英语中,except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是:

He answered all the questions except for the last one.

[4] 另外,在介词短语之前只能用except,不能用except for。

We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.

除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。

11. end up with以……告终;以……结束

The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。

12. more or less几乎;差不多;大约;大概;大体上

[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.

我差不多成功了,而他们没有。

[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.

我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。

13. bring in引进;引来;吸收

[1] We should bring in new technology.

我们应该引进新技术。

[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.

他一个月挣八百美元。

14. get away(from)逃离

[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.

小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。

[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.

我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了。

15. watch out(for)注意;留心

[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.

小心!汽车来了。

[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.

留神路上的那个坑。

16. see sb. off给某人送行

Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.

明天我到火车站给朋友送行。

17. on the other hand另一方面;用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等,常说on the one hand ……on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。

I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours. 我知道这份工作报酬不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间。

18. as well as和,还

He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.

她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。

19. take place发生

take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位

take sb’s place 或take the place of 代替、取代

20. on fire相当于burning,意为“燃烧;着火;起火”,有静态的含义。catch fire有动态的含义。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。

Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.瞧,剧院着火了,咱们去帮忙救火吧。

21. on holiday在度假,在休假中

When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.

我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。

22. travel agency旅行社

=travel bureau

23. take off

[1] 脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉

He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。

[2] (飞机)起飞

The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。

[3] 匆匆离开

The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车,匆匆离开去公园。

24. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入歧途, (机器等)发生故障

25. in all adv. 总共

26. stay away v.外出

27. look up查询(如宾语为代词,则代词放中间)

Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。

相关词组:look for 寻找;look after照顾,照料;look forward to期待;look into调查;look on 旁观;look out注意;look out for注意,留心,提防;look over翻阅,查看,检查;look around 环视;look through翻阅,查看。

28. run after追逐,追求

If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子,你一只也抓不到。

29. on the air广播

[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。

[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。

30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高, 赞赏, 对……印象好;

think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 对……不在意, 不赞成, 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。

[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。

[3] I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。

31. leave out

[1] 漏掉

You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.

[2] 删掉, 没用

I haven’t changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。

32. stare at(由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛地)

[1] 凝视,盯着看

Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看,这样不礼貌。

[2] glare at (to stare angrily at)怒视着

33. make jokes about就……说笑

They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。

[1] have a joke with …about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑

He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。

[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑

We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。

[3] v. joke about 取笑

They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。

34. take over接管;接替;继承

[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。

[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。

35. break down

[1] 破坏;拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。

The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。

[2](机器)损坏

Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。

[3] 失败;破裂

Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。

[4] 精神崩溃;失去控制

He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。

[5] 起化学变化

Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。

36. get on one’s feet

[1] 站起来;站起来发言

[2] (=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立

[3] (人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)

37. go through

[1] 经历;经受;遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。

[2]完成;做完

I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。

[3] 通过;批准

The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。

Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。

[4] 全面检查;搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。

38.take over接管;接替;继承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。

常考句型

39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。

[1] He’s tired, and so am I. (=I’m also tired.)

[2] You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)

She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)

[3] Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)

A: I went to the park yesterday.

B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)

40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。

A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。

B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)

A:You seem to like sports.

B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)

A:It will be fine tomorrow.

B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)

41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.)

语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。

42. So it is with…或It is the same with…句型表示“……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.

43. There you are.行了,好。这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。

[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.

除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。

[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.

对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。

44. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.

[1] Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?

你理解英语口语有困难吗?

[1] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.

她说她在发音方面有困难。

45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”

[1] He has a good knowledge of London.

他对伦敦有所了解。

[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.

长难句

46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。

[1] fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词a

You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。

[2] make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。

People make fun of him only because he is wearing such astrange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。

funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”

He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服,看上去很滑稽。

47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。

常考语法

48.直接引语和间接引语

[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。

(一般过去时改成过去完成时)

I broke your CD player.

He told me he had broken my CD player.

(现在完成时改成过去完成时)

Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”

Jenny said she had lost a book.

(一般将来时改成过去将来时)

Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”

Mum said she would go to see a friend.

(过去完成时保留原有的时态)

He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”

He said they hadn’t finished their homework.

注意:直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。

[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:

Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”

Mary said her brother was and engineer.

[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:

He said, “Can you run, Mike?”

He asked Mike whether/if he could run.

[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如:“Pass me the water, please.”said he.

He asked him to pass her the water.

[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:

She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”

She suggested going to the cinema.

或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.

49.现在进行时表将来的动作

现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。

[1] 用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。

[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。

He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。

[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。

[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。What are you doing next Friday?

下星期五你们打算干什么?

The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.

飞机今晚七点半起飞。

50.主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等,谓语动词仍用单数。

The teacher as well as his students is excited.

2020年高考:英语知识点高频必考归纳

2020年高考:英语知识点高频必考归纳 1.able 用法:be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能,而disabled表示残疾的。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2.abroad 用法:表示到(在)国外,是一个副词,前面不加介词。 Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法:表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。 Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法:advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法:通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6.after 用法:表示在时间、空间之后;be after表示追寻。 Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点,而in接一个时间段,如:after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7.agree 用法:与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8.alive 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。 Note: 可以作状语使用,表示活活地,如:bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法:allow doing; allow sb. to do Note: 可以表示允许进入,如:Please allow me in. 10.among 用法:用在三者或三者以上的群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best. 11.and 用法:用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。 Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如:Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later. 12.another 用法:表示又一个,泛指,相当于one more的含义。 Note: 不能直接加复数名词,需要与一个数词搭配,如:another 2 weeks. 13.answer 用法:及物动词,但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。 Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如:answer the phone/door. 14.anxious 用法:be anxious for/about/to do Note: be anxious about表示担心;be anxious for表示盼望得到。 15.appear 用法:不及物动词,没有宾语,没有被动语态。 Note: 还可以作为系动词,与seem同义,表示看起来……。 16.arrive 用法:arrive at表示到一个小地方;arrive in表示到一个大地方。 Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:arrive at a decision/conclusion. 17.ask 用法:ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:ask that sb. (should) do的形式。 18.asleep 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。 Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配;sound asleep表示熟睡。 19.attend 用法:表示参加,后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词;也可以表示照顾,照料。 Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。 20.attention 用法:pay attention to; draw/catch sb’s attention Note: 写通知时的常用语:May I have your attention, please?

高考英语单词必考知识点总结归纳

2018年高考英语单词必考知识点总结归纳 一、一个星期七天 1. Monday 2. Tuesday 3. Wednesday 4. Thursday 5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sunday 二、一年十二个月 1. January 2. February 3. March 4. April 5. May 6. June 7. July 8. August 9. September 10. October 11. November 12. December 三、一年四季 1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter 四、容易拼写错的数字 1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二 5. twentieth第二十 四、亲属称呼 1. daughter (女儿) 2. niece (女性晚辈) 3. nephew (男性晚辈) 4. cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5. aunt (女性长辈) 6. uncle (男性长辈) 五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母

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