第二讲：数词与介词
(完整word)中考英语数词和介词归纳,推荐文档
专题二数词和介词项目一数词数词表示数目多少或先后顺序。
可分为基数词和序数词。
1.人的岁数或年代可用表“几十”的数词的复数表示。
He is in his thirties.他有三十来岁。
This event took place in the 1930s.这件事情发生在20世纪30年代。
In ，some people in were not able to resist the temptation of going abroad.A.1990s；their twentiesB.1990s；the twentiesC.the 1990s；their twentiesD.the 1990s；the twenties选前面用数词的复数形式表示“在二十世纪九十年代”，后面表示“在某些人二十多岁的时候”，也要用数词的复数形式。
故选C。
2.基数词常位于another，all之后，such，more之前，last，next，other前后皆可。
I need another two students to sweep the floor.我还需两名学生打扫地板。
I can finish reading two such books in two days.两天内这样的书我能读两本。
3.dozen与score(1)dozen一打，十二①与数词many，several等连用时，不加“-s”，所修饰的名词前常省去“of”，如two dozen eggs两打鸡蛋，many dozen pencils好多打铅笔。
②当所修饰的名词之前有限定词these，those，my，your等或是人称代词宾格them，us，you时，需加of，如two dozen of these pens。
③dozen用其复数形式，后加of，表示不确定的数量，意为“许多，几十”，如dozens of people许多人。
(2)score二十①与基数词连用修饰名词时，除a score of外，其他情况不加of，如three score people，four score pigs。
高中英语语法数词与介词知识归纳
高中英语语法数词与介词知识归纳基数词表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词。
1.基数词的构成：1-10 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;11-19 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen;20-90 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety;≥ 100100 a/one hundred;1,000 a/one thousand;1,000,000 a/one million;1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand million2. 基数词的用法1)作主语：Three will be enough for us.三个对我们来说就足够了。
Two of the girls are from Tokyo.这些姑娘中有两位来自东京。
2)作宾语：Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.四个人申请这工作，但我们仅需一人。
3)作表语：The population of China is over 1.3 billion.中国有十三亿多人口。
I’m twenty while my brother is sixteen.我二十岁，我弟弟十六岁。
4)作定语：We have 300 workers in our company.我们公司有三百名员工。
Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十名学生参加了这次采访。
5)作同位语：You two clean these seats.你们两个打扫这些位子。
人教版2019年九年级初中英语知识归纳总结(第二部分)：数词、形容词、副词、介词、连词
A: here, there, home, anywhere, everywhere;
B: above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, over, round, away, near;
注：B类中表示位置的副词有时也可作介词。
2）The more … the more越…就越…
The larger the bus is , the more people it can carry.
The farther away an object is from us, the smaller it looks.
3）比较级形式表达最高级：
ninety-ninty
a hundred and fifty-third
序数词的缩写形式：由阿拉伯数字后加上序数词的最后两个字母。
first---1stsecond --- 2nd tenth --- 10th
三、时间和年月日表示法
1、时间均用基数词表示：
1）顺读法，先说“点钟”，sterday, last time, today, just now, later on, so far, ago;
B: always, often, usually, sometimes, never, hardly, ever;
C: already, yet, late, early, soon, at once, at last, finally, at first, since;
比较级+than any other+名词单数；
比较级+than the other+名词复数
4 教案(数词,介词)
4 教案（数词，介词）教学目标：1. 学生能够正确使用数词和介词表达时间、地点和顺序。
2. 学生能够理解和运用介词"in", "on", "at", "before", "after" 等。
3. 学生能够运用所学的数词和介词进行简单的日常交流。
教学内容：1. 数词：基数词（1-10）和序数词（1st, 2nd, 3rd 等）。
2. 介词：in, on, at, before, after教学步骤：一、导入（5分钟）1. 教师通过数数游戏引导学生复习基数词和序数词。
2. 学生两人一组，互相练习数数，并用介词"in", "on", "at" 表达时间。
二、新课讲解（15分钟）1. 教师通过示例讲解介词"in", "on", "at" 的用法。
2. 学生跟随教师一起练习，用这些介词表达时间。
三、练习（10分钟）1. 学生分成小组，根据给出的句子，用"before" 和"after" 填空。
2. 学生互相练习，并用这些介词造句。
四、应用（10分钟）1. 教师给出一个场景，要求学生用所学的数词和介词描述。
2. 学生两人一组，互相练习，并将对话记录下来。
1. 教师引导学生回顾本节课所学的数词和介词。
2. 学生提问，教师解答。
教学评估：1. 教师在课堂上观察学生的参与度和练习情况。
2. 学生完成练习题的正确率。
教学资源：1. 数数游戏道具（如小球、卡片等）。
2. 练习题纸。
教学建议：1. 教师在讲解介词时，可以通过示例和实物展示，让学生更好地理解。
2. 在练习环节，鼓励学生积极发言，增加互动。
3. 在应用环节，教师可以根据学生的水平适当增加难度，提高学生的思考和运用能力。
数词、连词、介词、形容词和副词
数词、连词、介词、形容词和副词专题四数词数词是中考必考的⼀个语法点，基数词，序数词，分数⼀、数词的分类数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。
1. 基数词表⽰数⽬的词称为基数词。
其形式如下：A．从1——10：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．B. 从11-19：eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．这⾥除eleven，twelve，thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen 都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C．从21——99：整数⼏⼗中除twenty，thirty,forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety 都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。
表⽰⼏⼗⼏时，在⼏⼗和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”①21 twenty-one ②76 seventy-sixD．百位数：1-9基数词形式加“hundred”，表⽰⼏百，在⼏⼗⼏与百位间加上and．101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eightE．千位数以上：从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加⼀个逗号“，”。
从右开始，第⼀个“，”前的数字后添加thousand，第⼆个“，”前⾯的数字后添加million，第三个“，”前的数字后添加billion。
然后⼀节⼀节分别表⽰，两个逗号之间最⼤的数为百位数形式。
①2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight。
②16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four。
词性学习-数词、形容词、介词,代词
数词1. 定义:表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。
其用法相当于名词或者形容词。
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
基数词: 表示数目的词是基数词,最基本的数词如下:1 one,2 two,3 three,4 four,5 five,6 six,7 seven,8 eight,9 nine, 10 ten, 11 eleven, 12 twelve, 13 thirteen, 14 fourteen, 15 fifteen, 16 sixteen, 17 seventeen,18 eighteen, 19 nineteen, 20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty, 60 sixty,70 seventy, 80 eighty, 90 ninety,100 a hundred,1,000 a thousand, 1,000,000 a million,1,000,000,000 a billion.基数词1-12 是独立单词,需逐个记忆。
基数词13 - 19是个位数词的词干后加-teen 构成。
其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, 变化不规则。
基数词20 ━90 是在十位数词后面加-ty 构成。
基数词21 ━ 99 是在十位数词后面加上个位数词合成,中间加上连字符" ━ " 。
例如:21 twenty ━ one 95 ninety ━ five基数词三位以上的数词, 在百位和十位之间,一般要用连词"and "。
例如:132 one hundred and thirty ━ two.1340 one thousand three hundred and forty表示"万"的词英语中没有.如1万可用10千来表示。
ten thousand. 30万可用three hundred thousand 来表示。
中考英语语法复习名词代词数词冠词和介词
第一讲名词一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词。
二、名词的分类（一）专有名词和普通名词名词根据其意义分为普通名词和专有名词1、专有名词是表示特定的人或事物名称的词。
如：Peter, Snow White, Sunday, April,Christmas Day, China, Changsha, the Great Wall, the WTO, West Street...2、凡不属于特定的人或事物的名称的词，叫普通名词。
如：desk, book , people, air, interest,idea...（二）可数名词和不可数名词名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词复数的变化规则a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, city-cities ；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：wife- wives, knife-knives,wolf -wolves, leaf-leaves ；e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）__________+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) ___________+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, child-children, foot-feet,tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese单复数同形:fish-fish deer -deer sheep -sheep people(人们）-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese（中日不变英法变，其余后面加s)Englishman-____________________, Frenchman-_________________Russian=_____________________ American-__________________2、复合名词变复数boy student-boy students man doctor-men doctors3、不可数名词◆不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,,meat.◆不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰，若要表示数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。
介词数词知识点总结
介词数词知识点总结首先，让我们来看看介词在句子中的作用。
介词通常位于名词或代词之前，用来表示名词或代词与其他句子成分之间的关系。
例如，在句子“the book is on the table”中，介词“on”表示书放在桌子上。
介词还可以加在动词后面构成短语动词，表示动作的方向、位置或状态，如“look up”表示查找，而“look for”表示寻找。
介词还可以起到连接作用，使得句子更加通顺。
例如：“I am interested in English literature”中，“in”连接了“interested”和“English literature”。
介词还有一些特殊的用法，例如用于表示时间、地点、原因等。
例如“at”表示在特定的时间，如“at 9 o'clock”，“in”表示在某个时间段内，如“in the morning”，而“on”表示在某一天或日期，如“on Monday”。
此外，在地点方面，也有“at”表示在某个点上，“in”表示在某个范围内，“on”表示在某个平面上。
另外，“because of”表示由于某个原因，而“due to”表示由于。
第二，在了解介词的作用和用法之后，我们再来看看数词的作用和用法。
数词是用来表示数量、顺序或排列的词，它们可以分为基数词和序数词两种。
基数词用来表示数量，例如“one, two, three”，而序数词用来表示顺序或排列，例如“first, second, third”。
在句子中，数词通常用来修饰名词，表示数量或顺序。
例如：“I have three apples”，“the first day of the month”。
数词也可以用来表示时间、年龄、价格、比例等。
例如“two hours”，“five years old”，“ten dollars”。
除此之外，数词还可以表示分数或百分比。
例如“two thirds”，“50%”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Lecture 2 . 数词+介词请将下列语句翻译成英文：1.该电路中的电流为电源短路电流的一半。
●The current in the circuit is one half of the short-circuitcurrent of the source.2.现在其内部的压力是原先的1/3。
●Now its internal pressure is one third what it was.3.月球的质量为地球的1/81。
●The mass of the moon is one eighty-first that of the earth.4.这个元件上的电压为零点几伏特。
●The voltage across this component is several tenths of avolt.5.这种蓄电池的电阻仅为零点零零几/千分之几欧姆。
●The resistance of this kind of storage battery is only a fewthousandths of an ohm.6.其误差为6/1012。
●Its error is six parts in 1012.7.这台计算机储存的信息比那台多3倍。
●This computer stores four times more Information thanthat one.8.不久的将来对这种设备的需求量将为现在的20倍。
●The demand for this equipment in the near future will betwenty times what it is.I. 分数与倍数1．一般表示法：●分子--基数词；分母—序数词●8/9: eight ninths , 1/81: one eighty-first2．“零点几”、“零点零几”、“千分之几”，”百万分之几”…●The voltage across this component is several tenths ofa volt.●The pill weighs a few hundredths of a gram.●This is only a few thousandths of the heat ofvaporization.●Seven parts per million●Seven parts in a million●Seven parts in 106.3．数词在句子中作前置修饰语●The output is 100 times {of} the input.●Its speed is three times that of the light.●The force excerted on the body is two fifths what it was. 4．表示数量增长/减少的常用句型1．n times + 比较级=n times as 原级as●This box is six times heavier than that one.●This value is nearly 4.5 times greater than the ideal one.●The wavelength of this musical note is over three timeslonger than that of the same note in the air.●The sample has been magnified by a factor of 11. （增了10倍，为原来的11 倍）●If the radius is halved, the flow rate is reduced by afactor of 5. （降低了4倍，降为原来的1/5）请根据中文原文改正英文译文的错误。
1.【中文原文】这个电容器上的电压为零点零几伏。
【英文译文】The voltage on this capacitor is severalhundredths of a volt.2.【中文原文】这个物体比那个重4倍。
【英文译文】This object is five times heavier than that one is.II. Seven fairy ladies: 七个常用介词1．Ofi.Of+ 抽象名词：语气更强烈的形容词a)The book will be of help > helpful in exposing computerscientisit to the latest technology.b)This measurement is of great precision > precisely .c)It is of no use > useless grounding this point.ii.Of+ 可数名词复数：在…之中amongd)Of all these instruments, this one is the most expensive.e)Of all the three parameters, two can be disposed quickly.iii. A of B: 表示A、B为同位、主谓或动宾关系f)The concept of potential difference will be introduced insection II.g)The lighter machine part has a mass of 7 kg.h)The failure point corresponds to a safety factor of 1.i)Ellipse are used to describe the motion of the planetsaround the sun.j)The variation of the output with the input is shown in Fig.2.k)The seperation of gold from its ore is not easy.l)The resolution of a force into x- and y-components is possible.m)Exposure of the body to a toxic substance should be avoided.2．Withi.With+ 具体名词：表示”用…”或“与…”或”具有…”a)Power can be measured with =by using a wattmeter.b)This line is parallel with the x-axis.c)This is a function with two variables.ii.With+ 抽象名词：语气更强烈的副词d)AC can be changed into DC with great ease = very easily.e)This parameter can be measured withaccuracy=accurately .iii.vary, change, increase, decrease等动词+ with…：随着…f)The conductivity of a semiconductor varies withtemperature.g)The ship’s speed decreases with the increase of the waterresistance.iv.with 位于句首，可表示“对于，有了，在…情况下”h)With rockets, things are different.i)With radars, we can see distant objects.3．Byi.By+ 除了时间、距离之外的任何参量的数值a)Now the pressure has increased by a factor of10.b)In this case, the two vectors differ in phase by30o.ii.在推导中表示“根据、依据”a)One can find out the force by Hooke’s law.b)By Eq. (3), we can obtain the followingexpression.iii.by+动名词：通过…a)By analyzing the parameters of the device, wecan understand its features.b)By an examination of the model, the structureof an atom can be observed.iv.by+…method: 用…方法a)The equation should be resolved by thismethod.b)This is the only method by which thedisadvantage can be overcome.v.数值by 数值：长宽高相乘a)That laboratory is a room 4 by 12 meters.b)The box measures 12 by 8 inches.4．Fori.表示时间或距离的长短：a)They have been working on this project forseven months.b)The temperature may stay constant for a longtime.c)The car has run for 100 miles.ii.表示“对于、如果、当”等条件：a)For x> 1, the equation does not hold.b)For m=∞, this factor equals unity.iii.Solve+ for :方程求解a)In this case, Eq. (2-1) will be solved for theunknown.b)It is necessary to solve the equation for x.iv.在method, technique, algorithm, condition, requirement, name后常加fora)The methods for/of solving this problem aremany.b)An algorithm for/ of describing the solution ofsome engineering problems in the graphtheory is presented.c)The proper name for atomic energy is nuclearenergy.v.“为了、供、用于”a)These solutions are for reference only.b)This is a manual for electrical engineers.c)They are making preparations for a test.vi.“由于”a)For these reasons, Faraday was unable tocalculate the velocity of the propagation ofelectromagnetic waves.vii.引出不定式结构中的逻辑主语a)It takes about 8 minutes for sunlight to reachthe earth.b)This cargo is too heavy for the crane to lift.5．On/uponi.on/upon+ 动名词：一…就…, 在…之后a) A substance will be reduced in mass on beingcompressed.b)On simplifying, the result becomes as follows.c)Upon rearranging the above equations, weobtain the followed set of equations.ii.“关于、对于”a)The influence of temperature upon pressureshould be taken into account.b)These are the information on the mechanicalproperties of the material.iii.“在…时”a)On the second half cycle, Q1 is off while Q2 ison.b)The international conference will take place onSunday.6．Ini.in+单位名词复数(hertz除外)a)Force is measured in newton s.b)Frequency is measured in hertz.c)Inductance is measured in henrie s.ii.in+方向名词：朝着a)Sound waves travel in all directions.b)Direct current flows only in one direction.iii.“方面”：a)States 1 and 2 differ in pressure, volume, andtemperature by a definite amount.b) E is the difference in energy between the twostates.c)This computer is perfect in quality.d)There devices differ greatly in size.iv.in+ 动名词：在…过程中，在…方面a)In the discussion of different equations, weshall restrict our attention to this type.b)Because of the difficulty in producing uniformfilms, it is not possible to control resistancevalues accurately.v.在表示变化的名词后加in:a)This causes a drop in temperature.b) A slight change in pressure is measured.vi.数字+in+数字：“几比几”a)This line has a slope of 1 in 9.b)There is a 1-in-17 chance of drawing twosuccessive hearts in this manner.7．Overi.“超过、越过”：a)This balloon can fly over 100 miles.b)Its transmission over a long distance causessome loss of energy.c)This line is over six times as long as that one is.d)The wavelength of this musical note is 7.8 ft,over three times longer than the wavelength(2.5 ft) of the same note in the air.ii.“与…相比”：a)This new method has many advantages overthe original one.b)The temperature has a remarkable decreaseover 150o previously cited.iii.“在…范围内”:a)It is easy to determine the car’s averagevelocity over this distance.b)This voltage is fairly stable over a widefrequency range.iv.“在…之上”a) A bridge crane passed over our heads.Exercises: 根据中文原文纠正英文译文的错误1．【中文原文】本文提出一种新的识别雷达目标的方法【英文译文】This paper presents a new kind ofrecognition method of for radar target.A new method of radar target recognition2．【中文原文】目标的运动状态对EKF跟踪精度的影响非常显著【英文译文】The influence of the moving state of thetarget is quite strong for the tracking accuracy of the EKF.The influence of the moving state of the target on thetracking accuracy of the EKF is quite strong.3．【中文原文】与现有方法相比，该新方法有许多优点【英文译文】This new method has many advantages compared with over the available one.4．【中文原文】新设计的这台仪器质量很好。