TestforUK英美国家概况英国部分测试题.docx

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Test for UK 英美国家概况英国部分测试题

1.Off the coast of mainland Western Europe lie two islands called the British Isles ofwhich the big one is the island of , or , and the small one is the island of .2.Britain is divided into three parts: , and .3.GMT is short for , which is the time on the line of (degree)longitude, which passes through , a district of southeast London, used as a basis for calculating time throughout the world in different time zones.4.The national flag of the United Kingdom is also called or .5.England was once conquered by , , and .6.Of the four nations, feel most British, is the most confident of itsown identity, and is most closely related to England.7.Monetary unit of UK is .8., , and are major industries in UK.9., , and are major trading partners of UK. is known as “”, due to its declines in economy.11.National Holiday of UK is .12.and weakened the European monarchies, and introduced the ageof constitutional monarchy, a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament.13.Three major national parties of UK are , and .14.Depending on the relative strengths of the parties in the House of Commons, theOpposition may try to overthrow the Government by defeating it on a “”vote.15.The Prime Minister’s official residence is , which is the symbol of theBritish Government.16.In UK, Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of .17.As the language of England, English is a language belonging to thebranch of the family.18.Standard English is variously known as , , , andor .19.and are very popular Christian festivals in UK.20. a system now in general use of arranging the months in the year and thedays in the month, introduced by Pope Gregory ⅩⅢ (1502-85).21.The only really important patriotic festival is on which areremembered in special church services and civic ceremonies.22.The population of UK is nearly million.23., and are the main language used in UK.24.is national nickname of UK.25.The English have a mixed cultural heritage combining , , ,and elements.26.The English have many differences in regional speech. The Chief division isbetween and .27.The ancestors of the Welsh were , who escaped to the wild mountains ofWales form the invading Angles and Saxons.28.Today about % of the Welsh population still speak Welsh as their firstlanguage and about % of the Welsh people speak only Welsh, and ancient Celtic language.29.The Welsh have festivals of song and dance and poetry. The great event of theyear is , which is an annual gathering in Wales where competitions are held.30.The Welsh can be described as “”, because the majority of the populationlives in the valleys or the coast.31.Irish, often called , is a form of Gaelic.32.NHS is short for , which is the national insurance and social security inUK.33.The purpose of NHS is .34.The social security system is designed to secure a basic standard of living forpeople in financial need, such as people who are , , , , , or .35.Great Britain and the northern European countries, often termed “”, havewide-ranging social welfare programs.1.Off the coast of mainland Western Europe lie two islands called the British Isles ofwhich the big one is the island of Britain, or Great Britain, and the small one is the island of Ireland.2.Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England.3.GMT is short for Greenwich Mean Time, which is the time on the line of 0°(degree) longitude, which passes through Greenwich, a district of southeast London, used as a basis for calculating time throughout the world in different time zones.4.The national flag of the United Kingdom is also called the "Union Jack" or "UnionFlag".5.England was once conquered by the Romans, the Anglo-Saxons, the Danes andthe Normans.6.Of the four nations, the English feel most British, Scotland is the most confidentof its own identity, Wales is most closely related to England.7.Monetary unit of UK is British pound.8.Machinery, transportation equipment, metals and food processing are majorindustries in UK.9.Germany, France, Netherlands and U.S. are major trading partners of UK. is known as “the sick man of Europe”, due to its declines in economy.11.National Holiday of UK is Birthday of Queen, second Saturday in June.12.The Glorious Revolution and the French revolution weakened the Europeanmonarchies, and introduced the age of constitutional monarchy, a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament.13.Three major national parties of UK are the Conservative party, the Labor partyand the Liberal Democrats.14.Depending on the relative strengths of the parties in the House of Commons, theOpposition may try to overthrow the Government by defeating it on a “matter of confidence” vote.15.The Prime Minister’s official residence is No. 10 Downing Street in London,which is the symbol of the British Government.16.In UK, Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the PrimeMinister.17.As the language of England, English is a language belonging to the Germanicbranch of the Indo-European family.18.Standard English is variously known as RP, BBC English, Oxford English, andthe King’s English or Queen’s English.19.Christmas and Easter are very popular Christian festivals in UK.20.The Gregorian calendar, a system now in general use of arranging the months inthe year and the days in the month, introduced by Pope Gregory ⅩⅢ (1502-85).21.The only really important patriotic festival is Remembrance Sunday on which thedead of both World Wars are remembered in special church services and civic ceremonies.22.The population of UK is nearly 60 million.23.English, Welsh and Gaelic are the main language used in UK.24.John Bull is national nickname of UK.25.The English have a mixed cultural heritage combining Celtic, Anglo-Saxon,Norman, and Scandinavian elements.26.The English have many differences in regional speech. The Chief division isbetween southern England and northern England.27.The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient Britons, who escaped to the wildmountains of Wales form the invading Angles and Saxons.28.Today about 25% of the Welsh population still speak Welsh as their first languageand about 1% of the Welsh people speak only Welsh, and ancient Celtic language.29.The Welsh have festivals of song and dance and poetry. The great event of theyear is the National Eisteddfod, which is an annual gathering in Wales where competitions are held.30.The Welsh can be described as “people of the valleys”, because the majority of thepopulation lives in the valleys or the coast.31.Irish, often called Erse, is a form of Gaelic.32.NHS is short for the National Health Service, which is the national insurance andsocial security in UK.33.The purpose of NHS is to help the individual stay healthy.34.The social security system is designed to secure a basic standard of living forpeople in financial need, such as people who are elderly, sick, disabled, unemployed, widowed, bringing up children or on very low incomes.35.Great Britain and the northern European countries, often termed “welfare states”,have wide-ranging social welfare programs.。

英美概况题英国部分

英美概况题英国部分Exercises of Chapter OneI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Which flower is the symbol of England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose3. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The largest lake in Britain is ______.A. Loch LomondB. the Lough NeaghC. WindermereD. Ullswater5. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland6. The Lake District is well-known for________.A. its wild and beautiful sceneryB. its varied lakesC. the lake PoetsD. all of the above three7. The British Isles are made up of______.A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland8. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester9. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four10. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland11. The capital of Scotland is __________.A. BelfastB. CardiffC. EdinburghD. Dublin12. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______that sweeps up from the equator and flowspast the British Isles.A. the Atlantic Gulf StreamB. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador CurrentD. the Falkland currentII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is Tru e or False.1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales.3. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.4. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn Rive r near its mouth.5. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.6. The longest river in Britain is River Thames.7. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.8. God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain.9. The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893meters high.10. The largest lake in England is Lake Windermere which is located in the Lake District.III. Fill in the blanks1.The capital of the Scotland is ___________, the capital of Wales is ________ , the capital of theRepublic of Ireland is __________ and the capital of Northern Ireland is _____________.1. Edinburgh, Cardiff, Dublin, Belfast2. The highest peak of Britain is __________. It is located in the Highlands of Scotland.3. _________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.4. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, __________________ and ______________________. 4. the Strait of Dover, the English Channel5. _______________ is the longest river in Britain.6. The “Backbone of England” refers to the __________________.7. ______________ is the second longest and most important river in Britain.8. _________________ is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland.9. The climate of Britain is moderated by the ________________________ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.10. The British national anthem is ____________________.11. The British Isles are made up of two large islands- _____________ and ___________, and hundreds of small ones.12. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are _________, ________, and _______.IV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What is the general climate in Britain?2. What is the most important river in Britain?3. What is the longest river in Britain?4. What does “UK ” stand for?5. What is UK made up of?Exercises of Chapter TwoI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The English people are descendants of ________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes2. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.A. RomanB. Anglo-SaxonC. Norman D Danish3. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _______.A. 200B.C. B. 55 B.C. C. 55 A.D. D. 410 A. D.4. The Hundred Years’ War started in _________.A. 1733B. 1453C. 1337D. 13575. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of _______, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.A. the Archbishop of CanterburyB. the baronsC. the churchD. the king6. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.A. CeltsB. GaelsC. IberiansD. Brythons7. The British recorded history begins with ________.A. the arrival and settlement of CeltsB. the Norman ConquestC. Roman invasionD. Viking and Danish invasions8. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War9. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. ClaudiusC. AugustineD. the Pope10. The Wars of Roses were fought between the House of __________ and theHouse of __________.A. Lanchester, YorkB. Lanchester, KentC. Lancaster, KentD. Lancaster, York11. Doomsday Book was in fact a reco rd of each man’s ________.A. experienceB. behaviorC. propertyD. reputation12. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.A. iron and steelB. textileC. coal-miningD. ship-building13. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in55 BC____?A. Emperor ClaudiusB. Julius CaesarC. King AlfredD. King Ethelred14. Christmas Day ______, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 1060II. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.2. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.3. William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.4. In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King's opponents.5. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.6. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.7. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the worker s’ struggle for liberation.8. Henry VII was responsible for the founding of the Church of England.9. The Hundred Yea r’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.III. Fill in the blanks1. The England Civil War not only overthrew __________ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. During the First Civil War, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.3. The Romans brought the new religion, _______ , to Britain.4. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.5. After the Industial Revolution, Britain became the “________” of the world.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. Black Death2. Industrial Revolution3. the Wars of Roses4. Norman Conquest of 1066:5. Roman invasion of BritainV. Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topics1. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What w as the significance of it?2. The Civil Wars and their consequencesExercises of Chapter ThreeI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House2. The British Prime Minister is appointed by __________ and he or she always sits in _______.A. the Queen, the House of CommonsB. the Speaker, the House of LordsC. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsD. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords3. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. Parliament.4. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Cabinet5. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Shadow Cabinet6. The predecessor of the English parliament is ________.A. the Great councilB. the WitanC. the House of PlantagenetD. Magna Carta7. The House of Commons consists of ________ Members of Parliament.A. 651B. 1,200C. 1,198D. 7638. The Tories were the forerunners of _______ , which still bearsthe nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party9. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain?A. members in the house of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. the UK citizens above the age of 18D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic10. The party which wins the second largest numbers of seats at the House ofcommons is called __________.A. the frontbenchersB. the backbenchersC. the shadow cabinetD. the Opposition11. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.A. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC.the House of CommonsD. the House of Lords12. Which document, for the first time in English history, forced King to take the advice of nobles?A. the Petition of Right of 1628B. Habeas Corpus ActC. Magna CartaD. the Bill of Rights of 168913. Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne in ______.A. 1951B. 1952C. 1953D. 195414. Among the following members the first one to succeed to the throne is _____________.A. the king’s brotherB. the catholic sonC. the protestant daughterD. the protestant son15. The monarch’s eldest daughter is usually called ___________.A. princess of WalesB. princess royalC. princess daughterD. female prince of Wales16. Most of the practical work of the government is done by __________.A. the prime ministerB. the cabinet ministersC. the heads of departmentsD. the civil servants17. A civil servant must be ______.A. a member of the Party in powerB. a member of parliamentC. active in politicsD. politically neutral18. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except the ___.A. the Queen’s BenchB. the Chancellor DivisionC. the Family DivisionD. the Criminal Division19. The House of Lords is preside by __________.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime MinisterII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.2. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution.3. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.4. In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.6. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government.7. The title of the life peer is hereditary.III. Fill in the blanks1. The Whigs were the forerunners of the ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the ________ party of England.2. The three major political parties in the UK are __________________, ____________________ and __________________.3. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen ________, andPrince ________ is the heir to the throne.4. The presiding officer of the House of Commons is “ ________.”5. The person who presides over the debate of the Upper House is known as_______.6. British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of _____ and the House of ______.7. The United Kingdom is a __________ monarchy, in which the ________ is the head of state and the __________ is the head of government.8. Britain is divided into ______ constituencies. Each of the constituencies returns _____ member to the House of Commons.A general Election must be held every _____ years and is often held at more frequent intervals.9. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ___________, with its own leader and “___________ cabinet”.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. constitutional monarchy2. the OppositionV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What are the two major political parties in Britain?2. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?3. What are the main functions of Parliament?Exercises of Chapter FiveI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. In Britain compulsory education presently ends at______________.A. 14B. 16C. 17D. 182. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain?A. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School3. Only those p upils with the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination can go to _____ schools.A. grammarB. independentC. comprehensiveD. Public4. If a student wants to go to university in Britain，he will take the examination called_____________.A. General Certificate of Education—AdvancedB. General Certificate of Secondary EducationC. the common entrance examinationD. General National V ocational Qualifications.5. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to _________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schools.D. public schools6. Buckingham University is a(n) _____ university which wasestablished in 1973.A. independentB. openC. oldD. stateII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16.2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants.3. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools.4. Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious5. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teacha wide range of subjects.III. Fill in the blanks1. The examination all students in England and Wales should take at the end of their compulsory education is ___________________________.2. In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ and ________.3. The academic degrees in America are the Bachelor’s degree, the __________ and the Doctor’s degree.Exercises of Chapter SixI. Match the following works with their authors.a. Canterbury Talesb. Paradise Lostc. Robinson Crusoed. Hamlete. Pride and Prejudice1. Jane Austin2. Shakespeare3. Geoffrey Chaucer4. John Milton5. Daniel DefoeII. True or false?1.John Donne is regarded as a metaphysical poet in the 17thC.2.Francis Bacon was a famous dramatist in the Renaissance period.3.Romantic poets in Britain celebrate the beauty of nature, value powerful feelings / emotions ofeach individual, and regard imagination as the source of literary creation.4.Charles Dickens is considered the greatest novelist in the Victorian period.5.Jane Eyre is a novel written by Thomas HardyIII. Fill in the blanks.1. The novel Tess of the D’Urbervi lles is written by2. The publication of Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of in British literature.3. The writing technique shared by James Joyce and Virginia Woolf is termed as4. Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrence is read by some critics as an illustration of , which suggests that boys have a suppressed desire to marry their mothers.5. The k eynote of Renaissance literature is , ie, “Man is themeasure of everything.”6. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.IV. Define the term “symbolism” with reference to the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding.Exercises of Chapter SevenI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. What is the most popular type of home in England?A. A semi-detached houseB. A detached houseC. A flatD. A terraced house2. Three “Don’ts” include the following except _____.A. jumping up the queueB. asking a woman her ageC. bargaining while shoppingD. laughing at one’s own faults3. Three “ings” include the following ex cept _____.A. bettingB. drinkingC. tippingD. bargaining4. The three royal traditions are the following except _____.A. playing the fluteB. the changing of the Queen’s guardC. making a parliamentary speech by QueenD. watching the horse racingII. Fill in the blanks1. In terms of marriage no child can marry below the age of _____.2. The nickname for Britain is __________.3. In Britian, if someone says “I want to wash my hands”, what he/she really means is that he/she is going to a ______________.4. It is said that British people are ____________, which means they don’t like small talk.5. British people are usually considered ____________, because are inclined to be suspicious of anything that is strange or foreign.Exercises of Chapter EightI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. Where is the international tennis championship held?A. Wembley.B. Wimbledon.C. St AndrewsD. Clapham.2. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.A. comingB. birthC. deathD. resurrection3. Which one of the following features is NOT related to quality newspapers?A. providing gossips about film stars, politicians, etc.B. long informative articlesC. wide range of topicsD. objective presentation, less sensational language4. The established church of Britain is ________.A. The Church of ScotlandB. Free churchesC. The United Reformed ChurchD. The Church of England5. Christianity has three main groups except __________.A. the Roman CatholicB. the Eastern Orthodox ChurchC. the Protestant ChurchD. Buddhism6. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive7. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian8. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papersD. Sunday newspapers9. The Church of England is also called _____.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the CongregationalC. the Salvation ArmyD. PuritanismII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.III. Fill in the blanks1. In England, People usually ______ when first introduced.2. There are two established church in Britain: ____________ and _____________.3. The three world religions are Buddhism, Islam and ________.4. ______ is the doctrine of Christianity.。

英语国家概况练习题

英语国家概况练习题《英语国家概况》英国局部练习题〔1-2章〕第一章 Land and People 考题I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts：1. The British Isles are made up of________ A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______A. Britain， Scotland and WalesB. England， Scotland and WalesC. Britain， Scotland and IrelandD. England， Scotland and Ireland3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______A. that have a large number of British immigrantsB. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world warsC. that speak English as their native languageD. that were once colonies of Britain4. About a hundred years ago， as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area.A. one thirdB. one fifthC. one fourthD. two fifths答案：选择： 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2. 1949，Dublin 简答1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles，Great Britain， England， the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth？The British Isles， Great Britain and England are geographical names，no the official names of the country， while the official name is the United Kingdom， but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 2. Describe the geographical position of Britain？Britain is an island country. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland？ The north and west of Britain are mainly highland， while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.4. Does Britain have a favorable climate？ Why？Yes， it has a favorable climate， because it has a maritime type of climate——winters are mild， not too cold and summers are cool， not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. It has a small range of temperature， too.5. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？ Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest？ The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three： 1〕 The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences； 2〕 The prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate；3〕 The North Atlantic Drift， a warm current， passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.The northwestern part has the most rainfall， while the south-eastern corner is the driest.6. Describe the distribution of Britain's population.Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated， with an average of 237people per square kilometer. It is also very unevenly distributed， with 90%of the population in urban areas， 10% in rural areas. Geographically， most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people， 47 million live in England； 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.7. What are the three natural zones in Scotland？The three natural zones in Scotland are： the Highlands in the north，the central Lowlands， and the southern Uplands.8. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots， Welsh and Irish？The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons， while the Scots， Welsh and rash are Celts.9. What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England？ How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive？The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. The Scots are hospitable，generous and friendly. Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls. Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry， music， singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive. 10. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland？Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominantgroup， while the latter are seeking more social， political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.Arrival and settlement of the CeltsBasis of modern English race： the Anglo-Saxons The Viking and Danish invasions King Alfred and his contributions The Norman Conquest and its consequences1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _____.A. the IberianB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons2 the Celts religion was _____.A. ChristianityB. DruidismC. Norman beliefD. Roman Catholic3 the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain. A. Christian B. Druid C. Roman Catholic D. Teutonic4 The Anglo-Saxons established _____ system， whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army.A. salveB. feudalC. manorial〔采邑制度〕D. Capitalistic5. The Anglo-Saxons created the _____ to advise the king， the basis of the Privy Council.A. SynodB. Witan〔议会〕C. Whit byD. Shirt court6. ______ was known as “the father of the British navy〞。

英国国家概况练习题(英国)

8. The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party
21.The two important crops in Britain are ____
A barley and corn B wheat and rice
C barley and oats
D. wheat and barley
22.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ____
A the House Lord and the House of Commons B the House and the Senate C the Queen and the House of Lords D. the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons
17. In Britain, education is compulsory for children between the ages of _____ to _____. A 5, 14 B 6, 17 C. 5, 16 D 6, 14 18. The general election in Britain is held every ____ years. A four B three C six D. five
C. third largest

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1.问答题：平时的作业2.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true (T) or (F). ___F__In Canada, different provinces and territories share the same educational system.___T__4.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.___F__5. In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.___T__6. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.___F__7. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood is located here.___T__8. The American Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also made America a single, indivisible nation.3.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.11. The direct cause for the Reformation in Britain was King Henry VIII’s effort to ____. AA. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church12. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches except the______. CA. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive13. _______ is the capital city of Scotland. BA. BelfastB. EdinburghC. LondonD. Cardiff14. Of the following, ______ is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works. DA. colloquial speechB.a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view15.The car industry in Britain is mostly_______. AA. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned16. Emigration in Ireland started since the______. BA. medieval periodB. 17th century B. Great Potato Famine D. early 18th century17. The U.S. lies in _______North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its________and the Pacific to its______. BA. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west east18. The state of ________is the largest in area of all theU.S.States. AA. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida19. President_____ introduced the New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression. CA. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy20. ________is the head of the New Zealand government. CA. The British monarchB. The Governor GeneralC. The Prime MinisterD. The President21. _____holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system. BA. The British CrownB. The Governor GeneralC. The PresidentD. The Prime Minister22. American President Johnso n tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following EXCEPT_____. DA. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension.名词解释AgribusinessThe new farming has been c alled “agribusiness”, because it is equipped and managed like an industrial business with a set of inputs into the processes which occur on the farm and outputs or products which leave the farm.Puritanism (173)Which stresses predestination , original sin , total depravity , and limited atonement or the salvation of a selected few who would receive God`s grace.The Lost Generation (182)Which refers to the young American writers caught up in the war and cut off from the old values yet unable to come to terms with the new era when civilization has gone mad .The beat movement (185)The word “beat”suggests a non-conformist , rebellious attitude toward conventional values concerning sex , religion and the American way of life , an attitude that results from the feeling of depression and exhaustion and the need to escape into an unconventional , communal mode of life .The Joy Luck ClubFocus on the relationship between mother and daughter . In her works , Tan deals with the characters ' conflicting emotions , which are associated with beingnative-born Americans of Chinese ancestry . Amy Tan , her fiction weaves back and forth through time and individual perspectives , and her characters seek redemption , forgiveness and peace .Cultural mosaicPeople of diverse origins and communities are free to preserve and enhance their own cultural heritage while participating as equal partners in Canadian society .Firestick farmingAustralian used fire as a hunting tool . They cleared areas using fire in order to stimulate the growth of grazing pastures and drive out small animals that they could easily capture . This method is called "firestick farming ".Australian-New Zealand Army Corps (NAZAC)During the First World War , the Australian troops , joined by New Zealand forces , were called the Australian-New Zealand Army Corps . ANZAC Day , is one of Australia' s most important national holidays to honor all those Australians who died in military conflicts .Three electoral systemsWhich are important in Australia namely the simple majority system , the preferential representation system and the proportional representation system . The simple majority system is a straightforward from of voting whereby the option with a simple majority of votes wins . Under the preferential representation system , voters number the candidates on the ballot paper in。

大学英美概况试题及答案

大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。

答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。

答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。

答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。

答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。

答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。

答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。

它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。

12. 描述美国的地理特征。

答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。

美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。

13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。

例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。

在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。

此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。

四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。

答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。

英美概况考试题汇总

英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。

国土面积：24.36万平方公里。

人口：6020万。

首相：戈登·布朗。

分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。

首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。

大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。

2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。

最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。

3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。

终年温和多雨。

天气易变，难以预测。

4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。

1801年又与爱尔兰合并。

1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。

5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。

6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。

为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。

这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。

将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。

从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。

1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。

这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。

最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析[英国部分]

最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析[英国部分](总19页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-《最新英美概况》练习参考答案（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）====================================================PART ONE The United KingdomChapter One The LandP. 6II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B2. BIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.2. Four. England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.3. Yes, it was.4. No, it isn’t.5. The “British Isles” is a group of islands including Great Britain,Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands, Shetland Islands, theIsle of Wight, and many other smaller surrounding islands. Thereare two countries located on the islands: the United Kingdom andthe Republic of Ireland.P. 10II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. England, Scotland, Ireland2. white, St. George, England, St. Andrew, Scotland, St. Patrick, IrelandIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T 4. T 5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. 1801.2. Because when the first version of the Union Flag appeared Waleswas already united with England and was therefore represented bythe flag of England.3. Australia, New Zealand, Tuvalu, Fiji.4. 1922.P. 12-13II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. T5. TIII Answer the following questions.1. God Save the Queen.2. There are five verses in the full version of the song but usually onlythe first verse is sung on official occasions.3. It’s u nknown.4. It originated in a patriotic song, and first publicly performed in London in 1745.5. It is played whenever the Queen makes a public appearance, and is played by theBBC every night before closedown.P. 16-17I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. million, 3002. England3. three4. 19485. LondonII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. F5. FP. 20III Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea2. Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland3. France4. the North Sea, the Irish Sea, the Atlantic Ocean5. a sixthIV Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TV Answer the following questions.1. No.2. It covers about 245,000 square kilometers or 94,600 square miles.3. It is about 1,000 kilometers (600 miles) long, and the widest part ofBritain is about 480 kilometers.4. It has a land boundary with the Republic of Ireland as long as 434kilometers (270 miles).5. Scotland.P. 23-24II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. highland, lowland2. coastal areas, Scotland, Wales3. Severn, Thames4. Clyde5. The Dee6. Bann7. Lough Neagh, Lower Lough ErneIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. T4. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Scotland and Wales are the most mountainous parts of the UK.2. 94.3. It’s Ben Nevis in Scotland, with a height of 1,344 metres (4,409 feet)above sea level.4. Scotland.5. Owing to a relatively small island, the UK’s rivers are not very long. P. 25I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. coal2. iron ore3. tin4. those used in the construction and building industries such as sandand gravel, limestone and gypsumII Answer the following questions.1. They are coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, tin, zinc, gold, chalk, salt, clay,limestone, gypsum, lead, silica, and so on.2. Coal.3. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 in the West Sole area of the North Sea.4. Oil was discovered in 1970 under the North Sea.5. Because coal can be produced more cheaply in other countries.6. The tin-mining industries have been hard hit by competition from cheaperoverseas producers, and by changes in government policy.P. 27II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. unique2. cool, mild3. 32, about4. west, south5. average annual temperature, average winter rainfallIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. F4. F5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Such a statement has been made because of the changeability of theweatherconditions in Britain that can change so much from day to day, season to season.2. It can be as hot as 32°C (90°F), but mostly it only reaches 26°C.3. It’s about °C.4. It originated in a patriotic song, and first publicly performed in London in 17455. They are probably May, June, September and October.P. 40I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions., Guildhall, St. Paul’s Cathedral, the Tower Bridge2. second, Athens of the North3. industrialized, the Industrial Revolution, fastest growing city4. the House’s Parliament, the two House’s of Parliament, Big Ben5. William the Conqueror, a royal residence, prison of state, Jewel House6. at the foot of the basalt cliffs, 40,000 massive black basalt columnsII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. T4. T5. T6. FIII Answer the following questions.1. Manchester. Manchester United FC and Manchester City.2. Liverpool.P. 42-43I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 9, 322. 26, 63. 17, 3, 144. islandII Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.1. D2. D3. AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. F4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. An overseas territory is under British sovereignty but does not formpart of the UK itself; a crown dependency is also under sovereigntyof the UK but has a different constitutional relationship.2. Yes.Chapter Two The People and Their CultureP. 48I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. third, twenty-second2. , ,3. medical advances in the treatment of many illnesses and diseases4. Scotland5. 80 percent6. England, 3957. 4,700II Answer the following questions.1. 62,262,000.2. The chief reasons are 1) the increase in births and decrease indeaths; 2) the increase in net international migration to the UK; and3) the increase in life expectancy.3. It is percent.4. It is migrant(s) per 1,000 population.5. It was 256 people per square kilometer.P. 49Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Immigration and migration from other countries2.3. 8%4.5. 2P. 52-53II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. third, Mandarin Chinese and Spanish2. English3. the three countries in Britain and Northern Ireland in Ireland, thefour countries themselves4. Welsh, Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic, Cornish5. secondIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. T5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Approximately 375 million people.2. Beside English there are also four Celtic languages in use in the UK,such as Welsh, Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic and Cornish.3. Because of the USA’s dominance of cinema, television, popularmusic, trade and technology (including the Internet).4. The major differences are in phonology, phonetics, vocabulary,grammar and spelling.P. 56-57II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Christianity2. Roman Catholic, England3. Scotland4. Roman Catholic, the Presbyterian Church5. immigration6. 152,000III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. F4. T5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. Christianity.2. Queen Elizabeth II.3. Yes, they are.4. The Roman Catholic Church.5. The Roman Catholic Church.P. 60-61I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. conservative2. the weather3. Trooping the colour, Changing of the Guard4. Foot Guard, Household Cavalry5. palaceII Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. C3. D4. D5. CIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. T4. F5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. It is true, its conservatism has something to do with the fact thatBritain is an island isolated from the European Continent and itsweather is frequently changing.2. It was for the soldiers to recognize their own regiment as soon aspossible. It often takes place in London annually on the secondSaturday in June.P. 67-68I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the death and his resurrection2. exchanging gifts, decorating Christmas trees, attending church,sharing meals with family and friends, waiting for Father Christmasto arrive3. the seed of life4. go trick-or-treating and carve pumpkins5. slaveryII Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. C3. D4. C5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. T4. F5. FIV Answer the following questions.1. It commemorates all those men and women who were killed during thetwo World Wars and other conflicts.2. In the past, hunting fox was a popular sport among the upper classes.Now horsing racing and football are popular.3. Fasting is to develop patience and self-control, to learn sympathy forthe deprived, to cleanse the body and mind, to gain appreciation forAllah's bounty, to demonstrate the depth of one's commitment, andto protect against sin.There are, then, three levels of the Ramadan fast:-Refraining from the physical things that are forbidden (performed with the mouth/stomach/sexual organs).-Restraining oneself from saying, hearing and looking at forbiddenthings (performed with the senses).-Renewing one's devotion to Allah (performed with the heart and mind).P. 71-72I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. welfare, from-cradle-to-grave2. the National Health Serviceretirement pension4. accidental injury at work, the conditions5. the Beveridge ReportII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. T4. FP. 78I Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.1. C 3. D 4. D (40改成47) 5. CII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. T4. F5. FP. 83I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. football2. Manchester United, Arsenal, Liverpool3. Wimbledon, Australian Open, French Open, US Open4. 18, 17, 15. Formula 1 British Grand Prix, the Wales Rally GB, the Festival ofSpeedII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. T5. FIII Answer the following questions.1. Football, rugby, cricket, golf, tennis, hockey, etc.2. Watchers can bet a horse to be thought to win.3. The Football Association Challenge Cup (英格兰足总杯). It is theoldest football competition in the world, founded in 1872. It's thecompetition that provides the opportunity for small, part-time clubsto potentially go head to head with the big clubs of the Premiership. P. 88-89I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. freedom of the press, conflicts, freedom of access to information,the interests of the public, the privacy, individual2. entertainment, public opinion, political3. news, entertainment, sports4. the Times, the Guardian, the Daily Telegraph, the Financial Times5. BBC One, BBC Two, ITV, Channel Four, Channel FiveII Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. A3. B4. B5. AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T 4. F 5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. They are central to British leisure culture.2. Because it can bring buyers and sellers together, provide peoplewith the interactive platforms, and people can use it to do digitalmarketing, e-commerce, management, etc.P. 93-94I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 37, 1542. evolutionary, natural selection, The Origin of Species, The Descent of Man.3. James Cook4. Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, James Cook, Stephen Hawking,Winston Churchill, Diana SpencerII Answer the following questions.1. Stephen Hawking is a British theoretical physicist noted for hisresearch into the origin of the universe. His work influenced thedevelopment of the big bang and black hole theories.2. He was the 20th century's most famous and celebrated Prime Minister wholed Britain to victory in World War Two. He worked tirelesslythroughout the war, building strong relations with US PresidentRoosevelt while maintaining a sometimes difficult alliance with theSoviet Union.Chapter Three A Brief History of the United KingdomP. 97-98I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Ice Age2. Beaker Folk3. The Celts4. the Irish, the Welsh5. DruidismII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. C3. AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. T5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. Between 3000 and 2000 BC2. Three Waves. The first wave was the Gaels who came around 600BC; the second wave was the Britons who came around 400 BC, andthe third wave was the Belgae who came around 150 BC.3. The Celts, a taller and fairer race than the people who had comebefore, began to arrive in Britain at about 700 BC and kept cominguntil the arrival of the Romans.P. 100-101I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Julius Caesar2. 433. Boadica, Londinium4. 410 AD5. YorkII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B2. D3. C4. CIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. T4. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Between 55 and 54 BC.2. The invasion of British Isles.3. Firstly, the resistance of the British people was strong. Secondly,Roman troops were often withdrawn from Britain to fight in otherparts of the Roman Empire.4. 400 years.5. The Romans also made good use of Britain’s natural resources,mining lead, iron and tin and manufacturing pottery, etc.P. 104I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. The Jutes, Saxons and Angles2. English3. Mercia, Offa’s Dyke4. St. Augustine5. Archbishop of CanterburyII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. A2. C3. BIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F 4. TIV Answer the following questions.1. The seven kingdoms are: Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia,Mercia and North Umbria.2. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive fromthe names of the gods of Anglo-Saxons’ Teutonic religion: Tiu, thegod of war, Wooden, king of heaven, Thor, the god of storms, andFreya, goddess of peace.3. Firstly, they divided the country into shires, with shire courts andshire reeves, or sheriffs, responsible for administering law. Secondly,they devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system in use upto the 18th century. Thirdly, they also established the manorialsystem. Finally, they created the Witan to advise the king, the basisof the Privy Council which still exists today.P. 106-107I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Edward2. William the Conqueror3. William (此题印刷有错，需把句子中的William删掉)II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B2. D3. AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. F4. TIV Answer the following question1.Edward was called Edward the Confessor as he was a very religiousman and would often go to church and confess to sins. The title"confessor" also distinguished this Edward from Edward the Martyr(c962-979). Edward was later made a saint, due to his building ofWestminster Abbey and efforts in other churches.2.The Norman Conquest replaced the loosely organized Anglo-Saxonkingdom with a feudal system based on land ownership by ahereditary aristocracy that owed its position - and therefore lands andloyalty - to a strong central authority with a hereditary succession. Inaddition, there were other changes such as in English emigration andNorman immigration, women’s rights, language, etc.3.There are four. They were the King of Norway, the Duke of Normandy,and two brothers of Edward’s Queen, named Edith, and HaroldGodwinson.P. 110-111I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. an English charter2. 1337, 14533. territorial, economic4. 1348 - 1350II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B2. C3. B4. CIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. T4. TIV Answer the following questions.1. Feudalism in England was established by William the Conquerorand the Normans following the defeat of the English AngloSaxons at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.2. Magna Carta is an English charter, originally issued by King John ofEngland at Runnymede in the English county of Surrey undercompulsion from the church and his barons on 15 June 1215. Thecharter was reissued later for several times in modified versionswhich omitted certain temporary provisions, including the mostdirect challenges to the monarch's authority, which had a hugeinfluence on the developing legal system of England.3. The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France and theirvarious allies for control of the French throne. It was the result of a dynasticdisagreement dating back to William the Conqueror who became King ofEngland in 1066, while remaining Duke of Normandy. As dukes ofNormandy and other lands on the continent, the English kings owedhomage to the King of France. In 1337 Edward III of England refused to payhomage to Philip VI of France, leading the French king to claim confiscationof Edward's lands in Aquitaine.4. The war was in fact a series of separate wars and is commonlydivided into three phases. First, the English won a great navalvictory at Sluys in 1340, then an equally decisive land battle nearCalais at Crecy in 1346. Then the English went on to take Calais;and in 1356 at Poitiers they won another victory over the FrenchKing who was taken prisoner and held to ransom.5. The Black Death was one of the most devastating epidemicdiseases in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and1349, and killing nearly half of Europe’s population. Additionally,The Black Death is thought to have started in Asia. It thentravelled along the Silk Road and reached the Crimea by 1346.From there, it was probably carried by Oriental rat fleas living onthe black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. Allin all, the plague reduced the world population from an estimated450 million to a number between 350 and 375 million in the 14thcentury. Moreover, the impact of the Black Death upon the futureof England was greater than upon any other European country.The Black Death has been seen as creating a series of religious,social and economic upheavals which changed the face of theEnglish society in a profound way.P. 115I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 1642-1646, 1647-16492. Puritan Revolution3. overthrew, foundation, beginning4. the Glorious Revolution of 16885. The Bill of RightsII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. A3. D4. AIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. T4. FP. 118I Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. B3. A4. D5. CII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. T4. TIII Answer the following questions.1. The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturingprocesses that occurred in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going fromhand production methods to machines, new chemicalmanufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiencyof water power, the increasing use of steam power anddevelopment of machine tools. The transition also included thechange from wood and other bio-fuels to coal. The Industrialrevolution began in England and within a few decades spread toWestern Europe and the United States.2. The accumulation of capital; the development of capitalist farming;the appearance of a labour reserve; and the expansion of markets,domestic and foreign.3. The Industrial Revolution promoted the development of production.Within a short period the Industrial Revolution took over allindustries in Britain and replaced other systems of production. And itimproves the living standards. Much of the laboring population,previously largely employed in agriculture, moved to the industrialtowns and cities, where they were housed and employed in oftenmiserable and squalid conditions. And etc.4. The industrial revolution was a period in Britain from mid-1700s tothe mid-1800s in which power-driven machines in factoriesreplaced manual labor. The industrial revolution resulted fromadvances in applied science and engineering, such as thedevelopment of steam engines (especially those of the inventorJames Watt). Much of the laboring population, previously largelyemployed in agriculture, moved to the industrial towns and cities, where they were housed and employed in miserable conditions. 5. The causes and effects of the Industrial Revolution are complicatedand remain a topic for debate. The reference answer is as follows: Causes:-Iron renovations: stronger, better quality iron-Labor surplus—more jobs, more people to do jobs-Stable agricultural society—the agricultural revolution improved food supply and quality; created a strong base forindustrialization-High food supply—stated above; more farmland + moretransportation = more crops-Ready capital—constant supply of money-Population growth—due to food supply-Government allowed fencing off lands—peasants now needed work after being kicked off private farmland-Entrepreneurs—people wanted to make money through newways and opportunities-Plentiful natural resources—rivers = water power for steamengine and transportation, iron ore and coal = fuel-Relatively free society—government usually exhibited laissezfaire (let people do what they want), economy regulated itself,ideas circulated freely-Ready market—ships could deliver and transport-Stable government—strong central government to support the peopleEffects:-Better transportation—faster, cheaper-Long distance communications—telegraphs, etc. linked nations from coast to coast-Money to be made—capitalism: investments, inventing, selling,producing-Bad working conditions—disease, deformations, long, hard hours-Child abuse-New inventions—locomotives (railroads), purer iron, factories,spinning jenny, steam engines, steamboats...etc-Rural workers became urban workers-Increased production rates (everything machine made)-Family life disrupted—families were separated, women andchildren also labored-Bad pay—women paid half or less than men-Migration and population boom in cities—everyone flocked tocities to work in factories-Industrialization "age"—spread to Europe and around the world-Social classes formed—industrial middle class and industrialworking classes emerged-Industrial capitalism took hold—economic system ofmanufacturingP. 121I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. The Reform Act2. The New Poor Law3. charter of political demands (A People's Charte)4. Moral Force Chartists, Physical Force ChartistsII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. D2. B3. CIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. T4. FIV Answer the following questions.1. Charter Movement was a movement for political and social reform inBritain during the mid-19th century, between 1838 and 1850. In theyears 1839, 1842 and 1848, the Chartist Movement urgedParliament to adopt three great petitions. Of these, the best knownis the final petition, with six million signatures (although a number ofthese were later found to be fake), presented to Parliament on 10thApril 1848 after a huge meeting on Kennington Common. This eventachieved great prominence in the story of Chartism, due largely tothe reaction of the authorities as they faced the challenges of thatturbulent year.2. Between 1832 and 1884 three Reform Bills were passed in the Britishparliament. The Reform Act of 1832 abolished “rotten Boroughs”,and redistributed parliamentary seats more fairly among thegrowing towns. It also gave the vote to many householders andtenants, based on the value of their property. The New Poor Law of1834 forced the poor people into work houses instead of giving themsufficient money to survive in their own homes. The 6 points in thePeople’s Charter were achieved very gradually over the period of1858-1918, although the sixth has never been practical. Lenin saidthe Chartist Movement was "the first broad, really mass, politicallyformed, proletarian revolutionary movement."3. The movement failed for a number of reasons:-It failed to obtain parliamentary support for the Charter.-The middle-classes ignored, shunned or condemned Chartism.-Chartists were divided among themselves.-Government handled the movement firmly and calmly.-Chartist demands were too drastic.-There was too much diversity in the intellectual and ideological aimsof Chartism.-Other movements offering more immediate and tangible benefitsattracted chartists.-The socio-economic position improved after 1842. Prosperityeliminated mass support.-Chartism and the Chartists were made to look ridiculous afterKennington Common, and the failure of the Land Plan.-The changing sociology of England after railways fragmented theapparent unity of the working classes.P. 124I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the 16th century, 15832. England, Scotland3. Jamestown4. million5. the 20th centuryII Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. B2. A3. BIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. F3. F4. TP. 128I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Entente Powers, Central Powers of Germany。

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1.Off the coast of mainland Western Europe lie two islands called the BritishIsles of which the big one is the island of ___ , or ___ , and the small one is the island of __ .2.Britainis divided into three par ts: ___ . and .3.LondonGMT is s hort for, which i s the time o n the line o f __ (deg r ee)longitu de, which pa sses through ____ , a d istrict of s outheast, u sed as a bas is for calcu lati ng time throughout t he world in d iff ere nt ti me zon es.4.United KingdomThe national fl ag of thei s also calle d ____ or __ .5.Englandwas once conquer ed by , ____ z and .6.EnglandOf the fou r nations,feel mo st British,is the most confid ent of its own identity’and__ i s most clos ely related to.Monetary unit of is __ . , __ , and are majo r industries in. __ , ___ , and __ a re major tr ading partne rs of.is k nown as"； due to its decline s in economy .11.National Ho liday of UK is ___ ・12.and weakened the European monarchies,and introdu ced the age of con stitutional mon arc hy, a mon arc hy with powe rs limited b y Parliame nt •13・UKThree major national pa rties of ar e ___ , and .14. Depe nding on the rela tive st re ngt hs of the pa rties in the House of Commons, the 0 pposition ma y try to ove rthrow the G overnment by defeating i t on a vote.25.The Prime Minis ter's offici al reside nee is ______ ,which is the symbol of t heBritish G overnment.In , Ministers are appoint ed by the Qu een on the r ecommendatio nof __ ・17.EnglandAs the langu age of, Eng lish is a la nguage belon ging to the branchofthefamily.18.S tandard Engl ish is vario usly known a s ___ …__ a nd ___ or __ . and are very p opular Chris tian festiva Is in.20. a system n ow in gen era I use of arr an ging the m on ths in the year and th edays in th e mon th, int roduced by P ope Gregory X III (1502-85).21.The only re ally importa nt patriotic festival is ____ on w hich __ are remembered in specia I church ser vices and ci vicceremoni es.The popul ation ofis nearly million. , and __ are the main language us ed in. is nationa I nickname o f.25・The Engli sh have a mi xed cultural heritage co mbining , ____ 〃and element s.26.The Englis h have many differences in regional speech. The Chief divisi on isbetwee n _ and __ .27.WalesThe ancestors of the Welsh w ere _________ ,who escaped to the wildmountains of form the i n vadi ng Angl es and Sax on s.28.Today abou t_____ % of the Welsh p opulation st ill speak We Ish as their firstIangu age and abou t ______ % of the Welsh p eople speak only Welsh,andancient Celtic langu age.29.WalesThe Weis h have festi vals of song and dance a nd poetry. T he great eve ntof the ye ar is , which is a n annual gat hering inw here competi tions are he Id. 30.The Welsh can be desc ribed as becau se the major ity of the p opulation li ves inthe v alleys or th e coast.31.Iris h, often cal led __ Js a form of Gaelic.NHS is short for __ , whi ch is the na tional insur ance and soc ial securityin.33.The pur pose of NHS is ___ ・34.Th e social sec urity system is desig ned to secure a basic stand a rd of livin gfor people in financia I need, such as people w ho are , ____ … __ 〃or __ ・35.Great Britain and the nort hern Europea n countries,often terme d " ____ :havewide-ra nging social welfare pro grams.1.isla ndBritainGreat Britai ^island of Ireland Off th e coast of m ainla nd West ernEurope I ie two islan ds called th e British Is les of which the big one is theof, or,and t he small one is the.2.BritainScotlandWalesEnglandis divided int o three part s:, and .3.GreenwichLondonG MT is short forGreenwic h Mean Time,which is th e time onth e line of02(degree) Io ngitude, whi ch passes th rough, a di strict of so utheast, us ed as a basi s for calcul ating time t hroughout th e world in d ifferent tim ezones.4.United KingdomThe national fla g of theis also called the ”Union Jack” or "Un ionFlag”.5.EnglandNormansw as once conq uered bythe Romans, the Anglo・Saxon s, theDanes and the .6.ScotlandWalesEnglandOf the four na tions.the E nglishfeel most British ,is the most con fide nt of its own ide ntity’i s most close ly related t o.M on etary unit of is British poun d.Machinery/transportat ion equipmen t, metalsan dfood proce ssingare ma jorindustri es in.9.Germa nyFran ceNetherla ,, an dare maj or tradi ng p art ners of. Europe is know n as "the sick m an of"： due toits decl ines in econ omy.11.National Holiday of UK is Birthd ay of Queen’second Satu rdav in June•12.The Gloriou s Revolution and the Fre nch revoluti onweakened the Europea nmon archies,a nd in trodu ced the age of con stitut ional mon arc hy, a mon arc hy with powe rs limited b y Parliame nt.Three major national pa rties ofar ethe Conservative party , the Labor partyand th e Liberal De mocrats.14.Depe nding on the relative st rengths of t he parties i n the House of Comm ons,the Oppositi on may try t o overthrow the Gover nme nt by defeat jng it on a"matter of c on fide nce〃v ote.15.The Prim e Minister's official re sidence isN o. 10 Downin g Street in London, which is the sym bol of the B ritish Gover nment.26・ UKIn , M inisters are appointed b y the Queen on the recom mendation of the Prime M inister.17.EnglandAs t he Ianguage of, English is a Iangua ge belonging to theGermanicbranch of thelndoEuropeanfam ily.18.Standard English is variously kn own asRP, B BC EnglishQxford Engli sh, and theKing'sEngli sh or Queen〃s English.Ch ristmasa nd Easter a re v ery popular Christian fe stivals in.20.The Gregoria n cale ndar,a system now in gen eral use of arra n ging them on thsin the y ear and the days in the month, intro duced by Pop e Gregory X111(1502-85).21.T he only real ly imports nt patriotic f estival isR emembra nee S un day on whichthe dead of both Worl d Warsare r emembered in special chu rch services andcivic c eremonies.Th e population ofis near Iy60millio n. English, W elsh and Gae licare the main Ian guag e used in.J ohn Bullis national nic kname of.25.NormanTh e English ha ve a mixed c ultural heri tage combini ngCeltic, Anglo-Saxon” and Scandi navianeIeme nts.26.Engla ndEnglan dThe Engl ish have man y d iff ere nee s in regi ona I speech. Th eChief divi sion is betw eensouthern and northe rn.27.WalesThe ance stors of the Welsh were the ancient Britons, who escaped to thewild mou ntains off orm the inva ding Angles and Saxons.28.T oday about2 5% of the We Ish populati on still spe ak Welsh as their first Ianguage and a bout 1% of the Welsh p eople speak o nly Welsh,a nd ancient Celticlangu age.29.WalesThe Weis h have festi vals of song and dance a nd poetry. T he great eve ntof the ye ar isthe Na tional Eiste ddfod, which is an annua I gathering in where co mpetiti ons a re held.30.The Welsh can be described a s "people of the valleys because t he majority ofthe popul ation lives in the valle ys or the co ast.31.Irish, o ften called Erse, is a f orm of Gaeli c.NHS is sho rt forthe N ational Heal th Service,which is the national in suranceand social secur ity in.33.The purpose of N HS isto hel p the indivi dual stay he althv.34.The so cial securit y system is designed to secure a bas ic standard of living fo rpeople in financial ne ed, such as people who a reelderly.sick, disabl ed,unemploy ed, widowectbri nging up childre nor on very low in comes.35.Great Britainan d the northe rn European countries, o ften termed "welfare states^ have w ide-ranging social welfa re programs.36.。

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