Carnival狂欢节
威尼斯狂欢节
The greatest show on earth
• Carnival is the most famous holiday in Brazil and has become an event of huge proportions. Rhythm, participation, and costumes vary from one region of Brazil to another. In the southeastern cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sã Paulo, huge organized parades are led o by samba schools.The country stops completely for almost a week and festivities are intense, day and night, mainly in coastal cities. The consumption of beer accounts for 80% of annual consumption[citation needed] and tourism receives 70% of annual visitors. The government distributes condoms and launches awareness campaigns at this time to prevent the spread of AIDS.
SECOND: In the 12th century, the ancient city of the Republic of Venice grew strong.In early spring 1162, it defeated Aquileia Lea feudal citystate country and dominated the party. To celebrate this victory, the Venetians took to the streets singing and dancing.
Venice Carnival 威尼斯狂欢节
New words
the Venice Carnival tradition allegorical shrive original technique nobility common cloak stubborn approximately 威尼斯狂欢节 传统；惯例 寓言的，讽喻的 听忏悔，听忏悔后赦免 原始的 技巧， 技术，手段 贵族阶级；高贵的身分 平民 斗篷 顽固的，坚固的 近似地，大约；许
One of the most important events is the contest for the best mask, placed at the last weekend of the Carnival.
Today, approximately 30,000 visitors come to Venice each day for Carnivals.
It can be made in leather or with the original glass technique.
The streets of Venice Carnival were full of people in masks, and no differentiation could be made between nobility and the common people.
Masks have always been a central feature of the Venetian carnival .
The Carnival starts around two weeks before Ash Wednesday and ends on Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday.
Carnival狂欢节
Carnival狂欢节Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere!Carnival comes from two Latin words, meaning "no more meat". In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking and dressing up.The Magic of Masks——The Symbol of Venice CarnivalThe most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice. At the beginning, it lasted for just one day. People ate, drank, and wore masks. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognized. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important ,while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crime went unpunished! When Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.but in the late 1970's the tradition was revived by students. They began making masks and organising parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper at tourists. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. people arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main languages. But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals. If the key to Rio is music and movements, then in Venice it is the mystery of the masks. As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks _elegant or frightened, sad or amusing, traditional or modern_ but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like. nobody takes them off. If the masks come off, the magic is lost!The Magic of the Samba Dance——The Symbol of Brazilian CarnivalThe annual carnival in Brazil is a unique festival. It is also the most important ethnic celebration. It comes between the end of February and the beginning of March every year. Hundreds of thousands of tourists from overseas were attracted to join the feast of rejoicing, which involves flamboyant costumes, sexy Brazilian girls and passionate Samba Dance.The main "course" of the carnival is the Samba Dance. Months before the carnival, the professional dance school set off to compose music, rehearse dances and design costumes according to the current theme of the carnival.Seven hundred thousand tourists swarmed the coastal city of Rio de Janeiro for carnival. Whoever they are——poor or rich, celebrity or ordinary people——they are all just dancers, day or night. happiness prevails, while complains disappear. Countless romantic stories occur during the celebrations, brightening everyone's dull daily life!。
M4 Carnival节日简介
尔兰。故事是说一个名叫杰克（英文：JACK） 的人，
是个醉汉且爱恶作剧。一天杰克 把恶魔骗上了树，随 即在树桩上刻了个十字，恐吓恶魔令他不敢下来，然 后杰克 就与恶魔约法三章，让恶魔答应施法让杰克 永 远不会犯罪为条件让他下树。
杰克 死后，其灵魂却既不能上天又不能下地狱，于是
夜，类似于圣诞夜被称为“Christmas Eve”，是天主教
会的传统节日，主要流行于英语使用区，如北美和不 列颠群岛、其次是澳大利亚和新西兰。当晚小孩会穿 上化妆服，戴上面具，挨家挨户收集糖果。 次日则举 行重大的弥撒，追思圣徒。
节日习俗 南瓜灯
万圣夜的象征物是南瓜灯（也叫杰克灯、杰克灯笼），
甩泥巴、投牛粪。
圣诞节
圣诞节（Christmas）又称耶诞节，译名为“基督弥撒”， 西方传统节日，在每年12月25日。弥撒是教会的一种礼
拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节，因为把它当作耶稣的诞
辰来庆祝，故名“耶诞节”。[1]
大部分的天主教教堂都会先在24日的平安夜，亦即12月
25日凌晨举行子夜弥撒，而一些基督教会则会举行报佳
样穿上稀奇古怪的服装，画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、
吹喇叭。当天教堂里的人也格外多，按习俗人们在这里都
要做感恩祈祷。而在感恩节，每家的家庭成员总是力争从
天南海北归来，一家人团团围坐在一起，大嚼美味火鸡，
畅谈往事，这怎不使人感到分外亲切、温暖。
吃火鸡：感恩节的食品极富传统色彩。每逢感恩节，美国和加 拿大人必有肥嫩的火鸡可吃。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜。欧洲 移民到美洲后，觉得火鸡的外观与土耳其“身黑头红”的服装
河。1846年，巴西首次举行狂欢节化装舞会。到了19世纪下半 期，随着巴西奴隶贸易的逐步取消和奴隶制的最后废除，广大 黑人兴高采烈地加入了狂欢节的游行大军，在非洲传统乐器的 伴奏下，跳起带有浓郁非洲风格的舞蹈。就这样，久而久之逐
The Venice Carnival 狂欢节
Bauta is the whole face, with a stubborn chin line, no mouth, and lots of gilding". 包塔是一种有着坚固颏 线的 整张面具，没有嘴巴，上面 涂满金粉。
The streets of Venice Carnival were full of people in masks, and no differentiation could be made between nobility and the common people. 节日期间，满大街都是戴面具的人，没有贵族和平民的 分野
Masks have always been a central feature of the Venetian carnival . 面具是威尼斯狂欢节最鲜亮 的特色。
It can be made in leather or with the original glass technique. 它用羽毛或者最原始的 玻璃工艺制成。
It began in the 15th century, but the tradition can be traced back to the beginning of the 14th Century. 它开始于15世纪，但它的传统可追 溯到14世纪初
The Carnival starts around two weeks before Ash Wednesday and ends on Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday. 狂欢节开始于圣辉星期三的 两周前，结束于忏悔星期二， 圣辉星期三的前一天
The Venice Carnival is the most internationally known festival celebrated in Venice, Italy, as well as being one of the oldest.
carnaval与carnival的区别用法
carnaval与carnival的区别用法在全球范围内，有许多节日和庆典活动，其中Carnaval和Carnival这两个词经常被混淆。
尽管它们有相似之处，但它们在用法和起源上存在一些关键差异。
在这篇文章中，我们将探讨这两个词的含义、起源以及在不同国家和地区的举办时间和活动内容。
首先，我们来了解一下Carnaval和Carnival的词源。
Carnaval这个词源于拉丁语，意为“告别肉食”，因为它通常在斋戒期前举行，人们在此期间不能食用肉类。
而Carnival一词则源于葡萄牙语，意为“狂欢节”。
这两个词在含义上非常接近，都表示一个充满欢乐、狂欢和喜庆的节日。
在用法上，Carnaval和Carnival有一定的区别。
Carnaval更强调宗教背景，通常与斋戒期和基督教信仰相关。
Carnival则更注重狂欢、喜庆的氛围，往往与民间信仰和世俗传统相结合。
尽管这两个词在用法上有所不同，但它们在很多场合可以互换使用，尤其是在描述一个充满欢乐、多彩的庆典活动时。
接下来，让我们对比一下Carnaval和Carnival在不同国家和地区的举办时间和活动内容。
在巴西，Carnaval（或称Carnival）是最具代表性的节日之一，通常在每年的二月或三月举行，为期四天。
这个节日充满了色彩斑斓的游行、激情四溢的舞蹈和生动的音乐。
而在欧洲，Carnaval通常在二月或三月举行，但具体日期因国家而异。
例如，西班牙的Carnaval在二月举行，而意大利的Carnaval则在三月。
尽管Carnaval和Carnival在举办时间和活动内容上存在一定的差异，但它们都具有浓厚的民间传统和宗教背景。
在许多国家和地区，这两个节日都标志着冬季的结束和春天的到来，象征着生命的复苏和希望的诞生。
总之，Carnaval和Carnival这两个词虽然相似，但在用法、起源和举办时间上存在一定的差异。
要正确使用这两个词，我们需要了解它们所描述的庆典活动的背景和特点。
十五个国外传统节日
十五个国外节日1.巴西狂欢节〔CARNIV AL〕素有“地球上最伟大的表演〞之称的巴西狂欢节于每年二月的中旬或下旬举行三天。
相传起源于19世纪中叶的贵族室内化化装舞会。
在狂欢节的游行队伍里，一辆辆车身长达10米的彩车打头阵，车上装着高音喇叭，车顶上鼓手敲出震耳欲聋的欢乐鼓点，歌手引吭高歌，桑巴舞小姐高高在上，跳着欢快的桑巴舞。
人们不分贫穷、富有、尊贵、卑贱，从白天跳到黑夜，快乐可以传染，欢笑可以播撒。
狂欢节期间，数不清的精彩在发生，点亮了人们平凡的生活。
2.宋干节(songkran festival day)宋干节〔又称“泼水节〞〕是泰国、老挝的传统节日。
节期3天，每年自公历4月13～15日举行。
据说源自印度婆罗门教的一种仪式，教徒们每年都有一个宗教日要到河边沐浴，洗去身上的罪恶。
节日的主要活动有斋僧行善，沐浴净身，人们互相泼水祝福，敬拜长辈，放生及歌舞游戏。
全国各地悬挂国旗，浴佛，浴僧，向长辈行洒水礼，祈求赐福。
作为泰国新年，宋干节有很多的美好寄托，首先是感恩，感谢和彰显做善事和对社会有益的人；第二是忠于祖宗先民；第三是铭记自己对家人的责任；还有颂扬佛教和僧侣；最后还有主张做人仁慈和慷慨。
3.古尔邦节〔拉丁文Eid Adha〕古尔邦节〔拉丁文Eid Adha〕，又称宰牲节，尔德节。
古尔邦节与开斋节〔肉孜节〕、圣纪并列为伊斯兰三大宗教节日。
古尔邦节是穆斯林的盛大节日。
“古尔邦〞在阿拉伯语中称作尔德·古尔邦，或称为尔德·阿祖哈。
“尔德〞是节日的意思。
“古尔邦〞和“阿祖哈〞都含有“牺牲〞“献身〞的意思，所以一般把这个节日叫“牺牲节〞或“宰牲节〞。
也译作“库尔班〞。
4.仲夏节〔MidsummerFestival〕仲夏节〔MidsummerFestival〕是北欧国家的传统节日。
每年6月24日前后举行。
最初为纪念夏至日而设定，北欧改信天主教后，附会为纪念基督教施洗者约翰的生日〔6月24日〕而设，后来其宗教色彩逐渐消失，成为民间节日。
巴西狂欢节
巴西狂欢节的发展
• 里约热内卢最早的狂欢节游行并无音乐节奏亦无旋律，而只是狂喊和 狂笑，以及疯狂地互相投掷液体和物品。有一年狂欢节，一些葡萄牙 人把大鼓和几个小鼓带到大街上敲得震耳欲聋，把大群人吸引到街上 。这大概可以说是狂欢节的起始。后来渐渐形成了一些装束、化妆雷 同的团体上街狂欢游行，其中也有不少是黑人。这些黑人团体把非洲 音乐舞蹈开始引入狂欢节。
• 桑巴舞最早流行于巴西的巴伊亚州首府萨尔瓦多一带，这里是葡萄牙 人最早在巴西登陆殖民的地方。被贩卖到种植园里和采矿场的黑奴， 在繁重的劳动之余，以跳这种家乡舞苦中作乐。他们的舞蹈也就逐渐 吸收了来自欧洲的波希米亚的波尔卡舞、来自古巴的哈巴涅拉舞和巴 西当地流行的马克西克歇舞的一些因素，逐渐形成桑巴舞。 • 20世纪初，是巴伊亚州的妇女们将这种舞蹈带到当时的巴西首都里约 热内卢。1928年，巴西的第一座桑巴舞学校“让人去说闲话”在里约 热内卢建立。1932年，巴西举行首次情人节桑巴舞游行观摩比赛，受 到人们的欢迎和好评。从此，现代桑巴舞很快就风靡巴西全国。
• 桑巴舞起源于非洲。“桑巴”一词据说从非洲的安哥拉第二大部族基 姆本杜语中的"森巴"演变而来。“森巴”原本是一种激昂的肚皮舞。 顾名思义，这种舞蹈以上下抖动腹部、摇动臀部为主要特征。这是安 哥拉最流行的一种舞蹈动作，后来随着贩卖黑奴活动的兴起而开始向 外传播，从16世纪30年代到19世纪中叶的300多年中，葡萄牙殖民者从 安哥拉和非洲其他地区向巴西贩卖黑奴1200万。在把黑奴塞进船舱运 往新发现的大陆拉丁美洲的时候，白人奴隶贩子担心路途遥远，黑奴 在船舱中一窝几十天，到岸时腿脚不灵便，卖不出好价钱。因此，他 们就每天把拥挤在船舱中的黑奴赶到甲板上，以敲打酒桶和铁锅为伴 奏，让他们跳一通森巴舞，活动筋骨。这样，殖民者本想增强黑奴这 种特殊商品的竞价力的举动，就把这种流行于非洲的舞蹈无意中带到 拉丁美洲。
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The Brazil Carnival
The Brazil Carnival
1 Flamboyant（艳丽的）costumes
2 Sexy BraSamba dance
Carnival of Venice
In Venice, it means traditional masks and clothes. These costumes were first meant to hide personal identities. Then, different social classes could mix in a sea of happiness. Along the waterways, people greeted each other with: "Good morning Mrs Mask!"
Carnival around the world 狂欢节
The Origin of Carnival
The Origin of Carnival
During Lent, no parties or other celebrations were held, and people refrained from eating rich foods, such as meat, dairy, fats and sugar. In the days before Lent, all rich food and drink had to be disposed of. The consumption of this, in a giant party that involved the whole community, is thought to be the origin of Carnival.
Carnival in specific countries
Brazil
Venice France Spain Poland Italy Germany
Carnival of Brazil
• The Brazil carnival is known as the
world’s largest Carnival，it is called “the greatest show of the world”. In the February of each year，it is held three days in mid or late. Every year attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad.
The Brazil Carnival
The Brazil Carnival
Carnival of Brazil
• The earliest Carnival of Brazil dates back to 1641, when the colonial rulers implemented a decree. According to it, people would be encouraged to parade, dance and drink unrestrained to celebrate the birthday of the Portuguese King. More than three hundred years later, the Carnival has become the most important folk festival of Brazil.