外研社学术英语阅读G5-Unit3

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外研社必修五阅读-M3P2 Reading and Vocabulary

Read Para.2 - Para.5 and answer the questions. 1. What did Huck want to do? He wanted to paddle over and climb onto the steamboat. 2. What did they hear after they got on the steamboat? They heard someone shout, “Oh please boys, don’t kill me! I won’t tell anybody”.
Huck's father, an alcoholic drifter
the widow’s sister, a tough old woman
Miss Watson’s big, mild-mannered slave. Then he became Huck’s fellow travelers on the Mississippi River.
Let’s read the passage about Adventure of Huckleberry Finn and say what type of book it describes.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is perhaps the most famous American novel ever written. Huckleberry Finn (or just Huck) is a teenage boy who has run away from home. His companion is Jim, a black slave who has also run away. The two of them are sailing down the Mississippi River on a raft when they see something in the water ahead of them…

2017-2018学年度外研版必修5Module-3-单元试题

Module 3单元测试题第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AThe first summer job is often a signal that you’re on your way to adulthood, and it’s also a method for earning money to pay for what you dream of. It’s never t oo early to start considering the future. Now, here are some good choices for you!Retail (零售) SalesRetail offers plenty of opportunity for teens who are looking for a job. This type of work can pay from $10 to $15 an hour depending upon the duty you are expected to take on. It can also be great for teens who are friendly and enjoy talking to other people. For more information, call us at 111-222-3333.Food ServiceA job in the food service industry is a natural fit for sociable teens who enjoy communicating with the public. It allows employees to work as part of a team while learning about following instructions. It also comes with the opportunity to earn between $8 and $10 per hour. Just call 111-222-3533 for more information.BabysitterThis job requires someone who is highly responsible (负责的). Though it pays generally between $6 and $8 hourly, it also requires a lot of patience. This is a great choice for teens who wish to make a career in teaching, child care, social work or any other field that makes use of social skills or requires interaction with kids. Got a question? Just call 111-222-3336.HousekeepingThis type of work can bring in about $5 an hour and it will allow teens to learn responsibility and develop their organizational skills. The summer sees an upswing in the tourism industry, so hotels are often looking for more housekeeping staff, and parks often need more people to assist with keeping public areas clean and organized as well. Telephone: 111-222-3330.21. How much can you earn at least in two hours as a retailer?A. $10.B. $12.C. $16.D. $20.22. Which of the following jobs may attract teens who want to be a teacher?A. Retail Sales.B. Food Service.C. Babysitter.D. Housekeeping.23. The underlined part “an upswing” in the last paragraph can best be replaced by “_____”.A. an increaseB. a limitC. a signD. a trick24. The text is mainly written for teens who _____.A. are faced with communication problemsB. want a part-time job in the summerC. dream of becoming a housekeeperD. plan to start their own businessBIn 1863, the great novelist (小说家) Jules Verne wrote a novel called Paris in the Twentieth Century. In the book he used the full power of his great ability to forecast the coming century. Unfortunately, the manuscript (手稿) was lost until his great-grandson happened to discover it lying in a safe where it had been carefully locked away for almost 130 years. Realizing what a treasure he had found, he arranged to have it published in 1994, and it became a bestseller at once.Back in 1863, kings still ruled the ancient world in Europe, with so many poor people performing backbreaking work in the fields. And steam power was just beginning to change the world. But Verne predicted that Paris in 1960 would have glass skyscrapers, air conditioning,TV, elevators, high-speed trains, gas-powered vehicles, and even something similar to the Internet. Verne described life in modern Paris almost without any mistakes.Just two years later Verne made another amazing prediction. He wrote From the Earth to the Moon, in which he predicted the details of the task that sent several astronauts to the moon more than 100 years later in 1969. He correctly predicted the size of the space capsule, the number of astronauts who would carry out the task, the length of time the journey would take, the weightlessness that the astronauts would experience, and the final landing in the ocean.How was Jules Verne able to predict 100 years into the future successfully? Although he was not a scientist himself, Verne often turned to scientists, asking them questions about their opinions of the future. He collected a vast amount of information about the great scientific discoveries of his time. Verne realized that science would make it possible for many amazing things to appear in the future. The secret of his successful prediction was his belief in the power of science to change society.25. Paris in the Twentieth Century is a novel that _____.A. people thought little of at firstB. took Jules Verne five years to finishC. didn’t sell well when published at firstD. was published long after it was finished26. The third paragraph is mainly about _____.A. the requirements of being an astronautB. what From the Earth to the Moon is aboutC. how From the Earth to the Moon was createdD. the differences between the earth and the moon27. According to the text, Jules Verne _____.A. showed strong interest in writing and scienceB. could predict what would happen to someoneC. was well-known as both a novelist and a scientistD. had Paris in the Twentieth Century published in 199428. What would be the best title for the text?A. The early life of Jules VerneB. Jules Verne’s opinions about scienceC. Jules Verne: A writer ahead of his timeD. Jules Verne’s inventions came trueCKnown as a radio host, Rush Limbaugh landed his first radio job when he was in high school. Then Limbaugh attended Southeast Missouri State University, where he showed interest in nothing but radio. After dropping out of college, Limbaugh went to work at a radio station, but he did not last long. For the next few years, he changed from station to station. Tom Leathers, publisher of The Squires, knew Limbaugh at the time and recalls, “Limbaugh was nothing special. He did not have that powerful personality you hear now. He was painfully shy.” Finally, under pressure from his father, who wanted him to give up radio, Limbaugh took a job as a public relations assistant for the Kansas City Royals (a Major League Baseball team).After five years, Limbaugh left the job because he wanted to work in radio. He soon landed a position at a Kansas City station as a talk show host and commentator. Ten months later, he was fired (解雇). In fact, he once admitted that he had been fired from all but two of the jobs he ever held. A year went by before a San Diego radio station agreed to give him a chance, mainly because it was in serious financial trouble. The job was exactly the chance he needed. Soon Limbaugh’s three-hour morning show became the most popular program in the city and spread to radio stations across the United States.In 2001, Limbaugh faced a new problem that threatened to take him off the air — deafness. Limbaugh went completely deaf in his left ear and had serious hearing loss in his right. At first, he made an effort to change the way he did his program to cover up his disability. Finally, he told the truth to his listeners and received a cochlear implant operation, which helped him regain(重新获得) some hearing in his left ear. As of 2008, Limbaugh’s radio show was still being broadcast on almost six hundred AM radio stations in the United States and on audio streams over the Internet. Limbaugh’s popularity is often said to have breathed new life into AM radio.29. What Tom Leathers said suggests that _____.A. Limbaugh’s hosting style was not attractiveB. Limbaugh was too shy to work as a radio hostC. Limbaugh used to be a man with a strong personalityD. Limbaugh shouldn’t have dropped out of college30. What’s the right order of the events about Rush Limbaugh?a. He worked as a public relations assistant.b. He had an operation because of hearing loss.c. He attended Southeast Missouri State University.d. He was offered a job by a San Diego radio station.e. He worked as a talk show host at a Kansas City station.A. c, a, d, e, bB. a, b, e, d, cC. c, a, e, d, bD. a, d, e, b, c31. What can we learn from Rush Limbaugh’s story?A. Think twice before you act.B. Where there is a will, there is a way.C. A good beginning makes a good ending.D. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.32. What is the text mainly about?A. Ways to help the deaf to hear.B. Rush Limbaugh’s career in radio.C. How to be an excellent radio host.D. Rush Limbaugh’s influence in the USA.DDon’t we all know a “Happy Meal” when we see one —the famous boxed meal that includes a hamburger, a kid-sized portion of fries, a side of fruits and milk, served with a toy that’s extremely popular with children who love to collect them?But collectors of these little toys will soon be in for a surprise. For the book lovers though, there is some good news. McDonalds will replace the plastic toys with books. However, each of these books will mainly pass on nutritional (营养的) messages.Do you know that McDonalds has been marketing the boxed kid’s meal since 1979? Happy Meals are extremely popular with kids, especially for its collectible toys, when you consider that over 1.3 billion of these packages are sold each year! These packages have been very controversial (有争议的). Health supporters believe that drawing kids to these meals with toys is a clever way of promoting unhealthy food choices. They see it as an advertising strategy (策略) of “catching its customers young” —a move that has paid off very well for the fast food company.Child development experts say that food habits get formed in children by age six and continue through to their adult life. Fatty and sugary foods such as those served in McDonalds’ Happy Meals are believed to play a big role in growing health problems such as obesity and diabetes. Public healthcare costs have gone up and untold amounts of money have been spent in caring for obesity and other health problems. In 2010, the State of California tried to ban toys in Happy Meals. But it was strongly opposed (反对) by some as being heavy-handed, and the ban was thrown out by the government.While some people believe that McDonalds, with its large following of children, can create a powerful message through the books, others believe its actions are contradictory (矛盾的). Anyway, the company is trying to spread the message of nutrition while it is serving food that is anything but healthy.33. Books will be added into Happy Meals to _____.A. encourage more kids to read booksB. introduce the history of McDonaldsC. have kids learn more about nutritionD. help young kids learn to read and write34. In the author’s opinion, Happy Meals _____.A. bring much fun to childrenB. are no good to children’s healthC. are popular with young and oldD. teach children a lot about nutrition35. The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to _____.A. discussB. advertiseC. entertainD. introduce第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

外研英语必修3Module5 Reading and Vocabulary (共15张PPT)

People Confucius Mencius
Mozi
year of birth
551 BC
372 BC
476 BC
important ideas
kindness, Man is good; men were equal; duty;order People would love for the in society be good； Weak; hate the
A. We should love all human beings.
B. The government shouldn’t treat people badly.
C. We should look after those who are weaker than ourselves.
D. The government was most important.
8. From the text we can infer that___________
A. Only in time of war could philosophers produce great teaching.
B. It was not easy to find a state where people would follow the thinker's teaching.
6. give a lot of importance to
_st_r_es_s___
7. job
p_o_s_it_io_n__
8. doing what he suggested
follow_o_n_e_’_s_a_d_v_i_ce__
9. tell your employer that you are going to leave your jo

高中英语(外研版)必修五：3阅读强化训练(三)含答案

阅读加强训练 (三 )(建议用时： 25 分钟 )Ⅰ 阅读理解The recent government announcement of an increase in universityfees for the coming school year has angered young people planning to goto university. In addition, it has caused some of them quite understandablyto question the value of a university education.In an ideal( 理想的 ) world, university education would be free and open to all. However inmost western countries, students do contribute to the cost of going to university, and most accept that they should pay something towards the benefits they receive from a university education. These benefits include the opportunity to get good jobs in the future, and this course leads to higher pay and a more comfortable lifestyle.But is it that simple ？ It ’ s true thatniversityu graduates may get better jobs, but this clearly means that they will then pay higher taxes(税)，which contribute to the economy of the whole country. So, isn ’ t adding further increases to university fees in effect asking students to pay twice ？Many students already have to take out loans(贷款)to pay for general living costs. Thiscan result in them getting heavily into debt. A report shows that the average student debt already runs into thousands of pounds. Furthermore, many students have to depend on their parents to pay for their education.On the other hand, the recent increase in university fees has come at the wrong time. It will discourage some students from going to university because they simply cannot afford it. Already many young people are questioning the value of a university education. Everyone seems to have a degree these days, they say, so when they graduate from university, they cannot be sure they will get a well - paid job. Therefore the decision to raise university fees will almost certainly affect the student intake, leading to a drop in numbers.The suggested increase in fees is unfair to students. Many are already having problems dealing with debt. There’s nothing wrong with asking students to contribute to the costs of a university education ，but the suggested increase is too much. We should call on the government to reconsider their decision or risk losing a generation of educated young people.【解题导语】本文是一篇谈论文。

外研社必修三第五模块 Reading (共16张PPT)

2.To have friends from far away -- isn't that a joy?
3. Anything existing must be reasonable
4. Every man is a poet when he is in love.
5. It’s easier to build strong children than to repair broken men
has influenced
had high p__o_s_it_io_n tried to find _a_ s_t_a_t_e where
China form__o_r_e _th_a_n_ in the government, people would f_o_l_lo_w__h_is_
_2_0_0_0_ y_e_a_r_s_.
• Finish EX 1 on P 41
state; philosophy; philosophers; teachings; thinkers; importance; teachings; war; look after
• Finish EX 2 on P 41
Can you recall who says those statements and what do they mean in Chinese.
Reading: Philosophers of ancient China They were born in?
Hundred schools of thought period
Confucius Mansion
Confucius Cemetery
Confucius Temple

外研英语必修3Module5Reading and Vocabulary (共16张PPT)

All man are _e_q_u__a_l___ .
love allh__u_m__a_n__b_e_i_n_g_s_ and look
after the weak
hate the idea of _w__a_r__
Detailed Reading
Work in pairs and find out the similarities and differences between the ideas of Mencius and Mozi.
order. ✓ Man is good. ✓ We should look after the weaker
people.
considered✓ Government should be kind.
Mozi stressed ✓ War is bad.
✓ Government is the most important.
Confucianism
Mohism
Post-reading Classify the philosophies without reading the text
✓ The importance of kindness, duty and
Confucius
believed Mencius taught
Detailed Reading
He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.
philosophy
kindness—— be good to others 仁爱
duty—— be responsible for others 责任
Paragraph 2 Introduction to Mencius

(完整版)外研社必修五课文reading原文

Module 1 British and American EnglishWords, words, wordsBritish and American English are different in many ways. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. Some of these words are well known — Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas; the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol. As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American).Chips or French fries?But other words and expressions are not so well known. Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it's a torch. The British queue up; Americans stand in line. Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. Chips, for example, are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain; in the States chips are very thin and are sold in packets. The British call these crisps. The chips the British know and love are French fries on the other side of the Atlantic.Have or have got?There are a few differences in grammar, too. The British say Have you got ...? while Americans prefer Do you have ...? An American might say My friend just arrived, but a British person would say My friend has just arrived. Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). The British use prepositions where Americans sometimes omit them (I'll see you Monday; Write me soon!).Colour or color?The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. American spelling seems simpler: center, color and program instead of centre, colour and programme. Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago. The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. But are they really so important? After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them. A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.Turn on the TVSome experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together. For more than a century communications across the Atlantic have developed steadily. Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch. This non-stop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.However, if you turn on CNN, the American TV network, you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents — American, British, Australian, and even Spanish. One of the best-known faces, Monita Rajpal, was born in Hong Kong, China, and grew up speaking Chinese and Punjabi, as well as English. This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many "Englishes", not just two main varieties. But the message is "Don't worry." Users of English will all be able to understand each other — wherever they are.Module 2 The Human Traffic SignalThe roadAt 3,500 metres, La Paz, in Bolivia, is the highest capital in the world. Life is hard at high altitude, and the mountains make communications difficult. Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world. On one side the mountains rise steeply; on the other side there is a sheer drop, which in places is hundreds of metres deep. Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive. In theory, the road can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning, and by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon. But in practice, few drivers respect the rules.The manBut thanks to one man, the death toll has fallen. Timoteo Apaza is a gentle 46-year-old man who lives in a village near the most dangerous part of the road, known locally as la curva del diablo (the Devil's Bend). Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic signal. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand. The board is red on one side and green on the other. Timoteo stands on the bend and directs the traffic. When two vehicles approach from opposite directions they can't see each other, but they can see Timoteo. Timoteo is a volunteer. No one asked him to do the job, and no one pays him for it. Sometimes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money to live on. But often they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal for granted. The reason why he does itSo why does he do it? Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. He had been a miner and a soldier. Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain. Somehow he survived. He was in hospital for months. Then, a few years later, he was called out in the night to help pull people out of a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo. This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo. He realised that he was lucky to be alive himself, and felt that it was his mission in life to help others. And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.Module 3 The SteamboatThere was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. We stayed inside the shelter we had built and let the raft sail down the river. Suddenly, by the light of the lightning, we saw something in the middle of the river. It looked like a house at first, but then we realized it was a steamboat. It had hit a rock and was half in and half out of the water. We were sailing straight towards it."It looks as if it'll go under soon," Jim said, after a couple of minutes."Let's go and take a look," I said."I don't want to board a sinking ship," said Jim, but when I suggested that we might find something useful on the boat, he agreed to go. So we paddled over and climbed on to the steamboat, keeping as quiet as mice. To our astonishment, there was a light in one of the cabins. Then we heard someone shout, "Oh please boys, don't kill me!I won't tell anybody!"A man's angry voice answered, "You're lying. You said that last time. We're going to kill you."When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft. But although I was frightened, I also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door. It was quite dark, but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope. There were two men standing over him. One was short, with a beard. The other was tall and had something in his hand that looked like a gun."I've had enough of you. I'm going to shoot you now," this man said. He was obviously the one who had threatened the man on the floor. And it was a gun he had in his hand."No, don't do that," said the short man. "Let's leave him here. The steamboat will sink in a couple of hours and he'll go down with it."When he heard that, the frightened man on the floor started crying. "He sounds as if he's going to die of fright!" I thought. "I have to find a way to save him!"I crawled along the deck, found Jim, and told him what I had heard. "We must find their boat and take it away, then they'll have to stay here," I said.Jim looked terrified. "I'm not staying here," he said. But I persuaded him to help me, and we found the men's boat tied to the other side of the steamboat. We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men shouting. By then we were a safe distance away. But now I began to feel bad about what we had done. I didn't want all three men to die.Module 4 The Magic of the MaskThink of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere."Carnival" comes from two Latin words, meaning "no more meat". In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice. At the beginning, it lasted for just one day. People ate, drank, and wore masks. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognised. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crimes went unpunished.The government realised that wearing masks had become a problem. Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century. Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women. In later times more laws were passed. People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask. If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. They began making masks and organising parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper (called coriandoli) at tourists. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. People arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main languages. But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals. If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask. As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks — elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditional or modern — but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like. Nobody takes them off. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.Module 5 A Life in SportThey called him the prince of gymnasts. When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world. They included six out of seven gold medals at the 1982 World Championship, and three at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles (as well as two silver and a bronze). Li Ning was the best. When sports journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century, Li Ning's name was on it, together with footballer Peléand boxer Muhammad Ali. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed. He was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life. A year after his retirement, Li Ning began a new career — as a businessman. But he didn't forget his sporting background. He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Nike and Adidas. He made the unusual choice, for a Chinese person, of choosing his own name as the brand mark. The bright red logo is made up of the first two pinyin letters of Li Ning's name, L and N.Li Ning's sports clothes came onto the market at just the right time. The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase —and sport had never been so popular. Li Ning'sdesigns were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better-knownrivals — they were cheaper. A pair of Nike trainers, for example, could cost up tofive times as much as a similar Li Ning product. Success for Li Ning wasguaranteed, and it came quickly.In just a few years, Li Ning won more than fifty percent of the national market.Today a Li Ning product is purchased every ten seconds. But the clothes are notonly worn on the athletics track or the football pitch. If you go into a school oruniversity anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuitswith the familiar logo. The company has also grown internationally. The Spanishand French gymnastics teams wear Li Ning clothes, while Italian designers are employed by the company to create new styles. Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics, they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.But Li Ning's goal when he retired was not to make money. His dream was to open a school for gymnasts. He was able to do this in 1991. Since then, he has continued to help young people to achieve their sporting ambitions. Like Pelé and Muhammad Ali before him, who have worked with the United Nations for children's rights and peace, Li Ning has discovered that the work of a great sportsman does not finish when he retires from the sport. It starts. And if you are a great sportsperson, anything is possible, as Li Ning's advertising slogan says.Module 6 Saving the AntelopesOn a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for — a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. Jiesang knew he had to move quickly. He shouted to the poachers to put down their guns. Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage — there were more of them. In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed. When his frozen body was found hours later, he was still holding his gun. He had given his life to save the Tibetan antelope.At the beginning of the twentieth century there were millions of antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. By the 1990s the number had fallen to about 50,000. The reason is simple: the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the most expensive in the world. It is soft, light, and warm — the ideal coat for an animal which has to survive at high altitudes. A shawl made from the wool (known as "shahtoosh", or "king of wools" in Persian) can sell for five thousand dollars. For poachers the profits can be huge.Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much. The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls. From there, it is exported to rich countries in North America and Europe. The business is completely illegal — there has been a ban on the trade since 1975. But in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people. A police raid on a shop in London found 138 shawls. About 1,000 antelopes — or 2 percent of the world's population — had been killed to make them.In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve —the huge national park on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is the main habitat of the antelopes. Over the next ten years about 3,000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles confiscated. Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.But today the government seems to be winning the battle. The number of poachers has fallen. The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres. Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers. International co-operation seems to be working. Since 1997 the antelope population has slowly begun to grow again.Module 1:The Man Who Made Spelling SimpleIn English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. So people say /raIt/ but spell it right, or write, or even rite. Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. And some words just seem to have too many letters.For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778. As a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of Independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive "American" look.So he began his work on American English. His first book, The Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever.Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English Language, which first appeared in 1828. It introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling. The British criticised the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Webster's dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.Module 2 Growing JobsWhat sort of jobs will people be doing ten years from now? According to a survey published by an American university, the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health. They include computer systems analysts, data analysts and database managers. But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. Some of these will be new jobs, such as bioinformaticians, who combine computer skills with knowledge of biology. Others will be more traditional. For example, more home care nurses will be needed to look after the rapidly ageing population. But many youngsters will need professional care, too: 14 million Americans suffer from speech or language problems, and six million of them are under the age of 18. The number of speech pathologists (who help people who have problems speaking) is expected to double by the year 2012. And social workers will continue to be in demand.Of course there will be plenty of other new jobs, some of which we probably can't even guess. But for those who love the outdoor life, a good bet could be the leisure industry. As more and more countries open up to tourism, more travel agents will be needed, but the real demand will be for guides to take groups and even individuals on adventure holidays. For people doing this job, common sense, physical fitness and an outgoing personality are likely to be more important than computer skills.Module 3 The Life of Mark TwainOften the lives of writers resemble the lives of the characters they create. Mark Twain, who wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, was no exception. To start with, the author's name, Mark Twain, is itself an invention, or "pen name". Twain's real name was Samuel Clemens. "Mark Twain", which means "watermark two", was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water.Like Huck, Mark Twain led an adventurous life. He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans. He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon, where he thought he could get rich quickly. He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America. Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico.Later he became a journalist and began writing stories about life on the river. Twain's vivid and often amusing descriptions of life on the river quickly became popular, and established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America's greatest writers.Cultural cornerModule 4 The Meaning of CarnivalCarnival today is an international, multicultural experience. But how did it become so? To understand what carnival is all about, we need to look at the history of America and the meeting of two cultures — European and African.The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them. This marked the beginning of the slave trade. For more than two hundred years, until the beginning of the 19th century, when the trade was finally stopped, millions of people were taken by force from their homes in Africa and transported to the New World to work as slaves. Six million were taken to the Caribbean islands where there were British and French landowners.Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals. So the slaves were forced to watch as their masters celebrated carnival with food, drink, and masked dances. In Trinidad, the slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations: they painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them. But at the same time they were continuing their own African traditions — such as walking round a village wearing masks and singing — a custom which they thought would bring good luck.When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival. It became more colourful and more exciting than it had been before. Magnificent costumes were made and musical bands created. Carnival became a celebration of freedom.With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too — and they were welcomed by their former slaves. Carnival became a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing. Today, visitors from all over the world come to this small state in the Caribbean to join in the fun. Carnival has become a celebration of life itself.Cultural cornerModule 5 Marathon: the Ultimate Olympic EventThe final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometres — the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles — about 42 kilometres. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically. When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.In fact, you don't have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New York, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city's five boroughs, and past New York's famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people — even people who are not particularly good at sport — can run a marathon, if they train for it.。

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Main idea
Structer
Part1：Para 1~Para2 Problem Commercial pressures have a negative impact on science and we can no longer afford to be indifferent to them. Part2：para3 Reason Many sciences departments have extensive links with many industrara3~Para8 The view on which society can benefit from the science research and some questions from too much business interests of different delegates. Part4:Para9~Para10 It'mainly introduces a different viewpoint over links between scientific research and business interests,and tells us what should we do to solve this problem.
Text3b
Is business bad for science?
Main idea
This article tells us that business is beneficial to science in some ways,then the writer aslo points some problems on pubilc interests by giving some examples ,at last the writer gives us some advantage to use business better.
毛静怡 summarized the Text3a ‘s main idea. 贾逸婷 summarized the Text3a's structer. 陈桐烁 summarized theText3b's main idea. 安珊珊 summarized the Text3b’s structer. ppt maker :刘岩 ppt presenter：任聪聪
The place not to understand
Text3a：第45行到第55行某些句子的理解以及全篇课文的段落结构划分 Text3b：第30行到第40行某些句子的理解,对一些段落主要内容的概括略有不同。
Thank you
Part3：para4~para7 Negative effects 1.Enormous potential for conflicts of interest. Undermine the quality and reliability of research. 2.Research is also undermined by misleading massages put out by industry-funded lobby groups. 3.The freedom to set the public research agenda has being eroded, because it serves the public interest. 4.Research on security issues which is over-whelming focused on new military technology. Part4: para8 Solution To defend independent science, reform is needed from the level of government policy down to that of the research study. Scientists must now voice their concerns publicly in order that policy-makers hear them.