2017年外研社杯全国英语阅读大赛
全国英语阅读大赛题
全国英语阅读大赛题“‘外研社杯’全国英语阅读大赛”样题一、“‘外研社杯’全国英语阅读大赛”比赛内容包含四个环节：PartⅠRead and Know（读以明己）PartⅡRead and Reason（读以察世）PartⅢ Read and Question（读以启思）PartⅣ Read and Create（读以言志）二、比赛样题仅为2015年阅读大赛赛题的内容和形式样例，并非完整试卷。
三、大赛的模拟赛、复赛和决赛都将包含样题的四个环节，但各环节的赛题内容和形式会根据不同阶段比赛有所变化。
四、大赛的初赛由参赛学校参考样题内容自行命题，组委会不做硬性规定。
五、“PartⅣ Read and Create（读以言志）”部分，组委会将在赛前公布大赛推荐阅读书单。
Part I Read and KnowIn this part, you will read some questions about your abilities or personalities. Read as fast as you can and choose the answer that you think best describes yourself.Are You Charismatic?Charisma is the magnetic power that attracts people to you. It won’t affect the quality of your work or provide you with wonderful original ideas, but it remains one of the most vital talents if you want to make it b ig in life. If people who don’t even understand what you’re talking about believe that you are a genius, you will have made it. The following test will decide whether you’ve got what it takes.1) Do people find themselves attracted to you?A. Yes, it can be embarrassing sometimes.B. No, no more than other people.C. I suppose they do a bit.2) Do you find that people agree with you regardless of the quality of your arguments?A. No, never.B. Not that often.C. All the time.3) Would you find it easy to attract followers?A. No, not at all.B. Not very easy.C. Yes, it’s really no problem.4) Do you find casual acquaintances open up and tell you their life stories in intimate detail?A. Occasionally.B. Never.C. Happens all the time. Sometimes I just can’t get away....Part II Read and ReasonIn this part, you will read texts of different forms and genres. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions based on your comprehension, analysis and inferences of the texts.1. Among the four statements below, one statement is the main point, and the other three are specific support for the point. Identify the main point with P and the specific support with S.___A. Hungry bears searching for food often threaten hikers.___B. Hiking on that mountain trail can be very dangerous.___C. Severe weather develops quickly, leaving hikers exposed to storms and cold.___D. When it rains, the trail, which is very steep at some points, becomes slippery.2. Read the following cartoon. Put a tick by the three statements that are most logically based on the information suggested by the cartoon.___A.Lucy has just criticized the boy, Linus.___B. Linus feels Lucy’s criticism is valid.___C. Lucy feels very guilty that Linus has taken her criticism badly.___D. Lucy doesn’t seem to realize that people may accept constructive criticismbut reject destructive criticism.___E. The cartoonist believes we should never criticize others.___F. The car toonist believes it’s best to criticize others in a constructive way.3. Read an extract of an advertisement. Choose the answer which you think fits each question best according to the text.Young Environmental Journalist CompetitionHow to Enter:☆If you’re aged 16-25, we’re looking for original articles of 1,000 words (or less) with an environmental or conservation theme. The closing date for entries is 30 December, 2015.☆ Your article should show proof of investigative research, rather than relying solely on information from the Internet and phone interviews. You don’t have to go far. A report on pollution in a local stream would be as valid as a piece about the remotest rain forest.☆ Your article should show you are passionate and knowledgeable about environmental issues. It should also beobjective and accurate, while being creative enough to hold the reader’s interest. We are not looking for “think pieces” or opinion columns.☆ Your aim should be to advance understanding and awareness of environmental issues. You should be able to convey complex ideas of readers of this general interest magazine in an engaging and authoritative manner.☆Facts or information contained in short-listed articles will be checked.☆ Read the rules carefully.1) Before entering for the competition, young people must have_______.A. conducted some relevant research in their local areaB. gained a qualification in experimental researchC. uncovered some of the evidence in the research by themselvesD. consulted a number of specialists on the subject under research2) The articles submitted must_______.A. focus on straightforward conceptsB. include a range of viewsC. be accessible to non-specialistD. reveal the writer’s standpoint4.Read the passage below. Then choose the best answer to each question that follows.(1) Johnny Appleseed, one of the gentlest and most beloved of American folk heroes, was born in 1774in Leominster, Massachusetts. (2) His real name was John Chapman. (3) Chapman’s early li fe was full of misfortune. (4) First, his father left home to fight in the Revolutionary War. (5)Then John’s mother and baby brother died before John’s second birthday. (6) However, John’s fortunes improved when his father returned and remarried, and by the time John was in his teens, he had ten brothers and sisters.(7) As a young man, John began traveling west on foot, stopping to clear land and plant the apple seeds he always carried with him. (8) Settlers who followed John’s path were delighted to fin d young apple orchards dotting the landscape.(9) John was a friendly fellow who often stopped to visit with families along his way, entertaining them with stories of his travels. (10) Tales of his exploits followed him through Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana. (11) Many of the stories were true. (12) For instance, John really did travel barefoot through the snow, lived on the friendliest of terms with Indian tribes, and refused to shoot any animal. (13) Other tales about John, however, were exaggerations. (14) Settlers said, for example, that he slept in the treetops and talked to the birds or that he had once been carried off by a giant eagle. (15) Johnny Appleseed never stopped traveling until his death in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1845.1) Sentence 1 is a statement of_______.A. factB. opinionC. fact and opinion2) The details in sentences 4 and 5 support the point or points in _______.A. sentence 1B. sentence 2C. sentence 3D. sentence 63) The relationship between sentences 3 and 6 is one of_______.A. contrastB. additionC. cause and effectD. comparison4) We can conclude that Johnny Appleseed _______.A. provided apples for numerous settlersB. was quickly forgotten by the settlersC. grew wealthy by selling his apple treesD. left home because of problems with his family5) The passage suggests that Johnny Appleseed _______.A. grew weary of travelingB. had great respect for other people and animalsC. lived a very short but rich lifeD. planted many trees other than apple trees6) The tone of the passage is _______.A. pessimisticB. bitter and impassionedC. amused and excitedD. straightforward with a touch of admiration7) Which is the most appropriate title for this selection?A. The Planting of American Apple OrchardsB. Folk Heroes of AmericaC. Settlers Recall Johnny AppleseedD. The Life and Legend of John Chapman5.Read the passage below. Then choose the best answer to each question that follows.(1) Television has transformed politics in the United States by changing the way in which information is disseminated, by altering political campaigns, and by changing citizens’ patternsof response to politics. (2) By giving citizens independent access to the candidates, television diminished the role of the political party in the selection of the major party candidates. (3) By centering politics on the person of the candidate, television accelerated the citizens’ focus on char acter rather than issues.(4)Television has altered the forms of political communication as well. (5) The messages on which most of us rely are briefer than they once were. (6) The stump speech, a political speech given by traveling politicians and lasting 11/2 to 2 hours, which characterized nineteenth-century political discourse, has given way to the 30-second advertisement and the 10-second “sound bite” in broadcast news. (7) Increasingly the audience for speeches is not that standing in front of the politician but rather the viewing audience who will hear and seea snippet of the speech on the news.(8) In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. (9) In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others. (10) In snippets, politicians assert but do not argue.(11) Because television is an intimate medium, speaking through it requires a changed political style that was more conversational, personal, and visual than that of the old-style stump speech. (12) Reliance on television means that increasingly our political world contains memorable pictures rather than memorable words. (13) Schools teach us to analyze words and print. (14) However, in a world in which politics is increasingly visual, informed citizenship requires a new set of skills.(15)Recogni zing the power of television’s pictures, politicians craft televisual, staged events, calledpseudo-event, designed to attract media coverage. (16) Much of the political activity we see on television news has been crafted by politicians, their speechwriters, and their public relations advisers for televised consumption. (17) Sound bites in news and answers to questions in debates increasingly sound like advertisements.1) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Citizens in the United States are now more informed about political issuebecause of television coverage.B. Citizens in the United States prefer to see politicians on television instead ofin person.C. Politics in the United States has become substantially more controversialsince the introduction of television.D. Politics in the United States has been significantly changed by television.2) The word “disseminated” in sentence 1 is closest in meaning to_______.A. analyzedB. discussedC. spreadD. stored3) It can be inferred that before the introduction of television, political parties _______.A. had more influence over the selection of political candidatesB. spent more money to promote their political candidatesC. attracted more membersD. received more money4) The author mentions the “stump speech” in sentence 6 as an example of _______.A. an event created by politicians to attract media attentionB. an interactive discussion between two politiciansC. a kind of political presentation typical of the nineteenth centuryD. a style of speech common to televised political events5) The word “that” in sentence 7 refers to _______.A. audienceB. broadcast newsC. politicianD. advertisement6) According to the passage, as compared with televised speeches, traditional political discourse was more successful at _______.A. allowing news coverage of political candidatesB. placing political issues within a historical contextC. making politics seem more intimate to citizensD. p roviding detailed information about a candidate’s private behavior7) The author states that “politicians assert but do not argue” in sentence 9 in order to suggest that politicians _______.A. make claims without providing reasons for the claimsB. take stronger positions on issues than in the pastC. enjoy explaining the issue to broadcastersD. dislike having to explain their own positions on issues to citizens8) The purpose of paragraph 4 is to suggest that_______.A. politicians will need to learn to become more personal when meeting citizensB. politicians who are considered very attractive are favored by citizens over politicians who are less attractiveC. citizens tend to favor a politician who analyzed the issue over one who did notD.citizens will need to learn how to evaluate visual political images in order to become better informed9) Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A. Political presentations today are more like advertisements than in the past.B.Politicians today tend to be more familiar with the views of citizens than in the past.C. Citizens today are less informed about a politician’s character than in the past.D. Political speeches today focus more on details about issues than in the past.Part IIIRead and QuestionIn this part, you will read about related or contradictory views on a variety of issues. You will be required to identify the writer’s position and evaluate the effectiveness of the writer’s arguments.Read the following two passages and answer the questions.Passage AWhile On the origin of Species created a great stir when it was published in 1859, Darwinian thought was almost completely out of vogue by the turn of the twentieth century. It took Ronald Fisher’s “Great Synthesis” of the 1920s, which combined the genetic work of Gregor Mendel with Darwin’s ideas about natu ral selection, and Theodosius Dobzhansky’s “Modern Synthesis” of the 1930s, w hich was built uponFisher’s work with genetics within a species by focusing on how genetic variation could cause the origin of a new species, to begin to rehabilitate Darwin.Yet, what is remarkable is how very prescient Darwin, working without knowledge of the mechanisms of heredity, proved to be. As prominent biologist Ernst Mayr notes, what made Darwinian theory so remarkable was his emphasis on “population thinking”. This con trasts to Jean-Baptiste Lamarck’stheory of evolution, popular throughout the nineteenth century, which posited that individuals changed personal actions and will. Lamarckian theory is often exemplified by a giraffe constantly reaching up to eat leaves off high branches and passing on its lengthened neck to its children.Such expl anations bore a strong resemblance to children’s fables (and indeed Rudyard Kipling’s late-nineteenth-century Just So Stories was built upon Lamarckian theories). Where Darwin differed was his insistence that significant variation was not based within one particular individual, but rather in the breeding population as a whole. Natural selection was not based on the actions or goals of one individual, but variations in the average character of the species.Passage BAs Peter Bowler points out in his aptly named The Non-Darwinian Revolution: Reinterpreting a Historical Myth, nineteenth-century Darwinism was quite different from the Darwinism of today. Thomas Huxley, “Darwin’s Bulldog”, so called because of his tireless public campaigning for Darwinian thought, exemplifies this difference. As a result of his advocacy, by the end of the nineteenth century Huxley was the vehicle forDarwinian thought. Noted science fiction writer H. G. Wells, for instance, garnered all of his information about natural selection and evolution through Huxley’s lectures. Yet Huxley’s theory varied significantly from th at of Darwin, focusing on the will of humankind.In the preface to Evolution and Ethics, Huxley wrote that “We cannot do without our inheritance from the forefathers who were the puppets of the cosmic process; the society which renounces it must be destroyed from without. Still less can we do with too much of it; the society in which it dominates must be destroyed from within.” According to Huxley, humankind has moved past physical evolution to the realm of self-directed moral evolution. Huxley, then, acknowledges that humankind has evolved under the p ressure of natural selection and must remain aware of the fact or be “destroyed from without”, but he argues that a society that continues in the path that Nature has placed it will be “destroyed from within” because it will no longer be adapted to itself.1) Based on the information in the passage, Rudyard Kipling most likely wrote stories ______.A. dedicated to enlightening humans by using animals as positive examples of proper behaviorB. based on futuristic worlds which were populated by evolved subjectsC. featuring individuals developing variation through the power of their desiresD. seeking to exhibit the effects of population thinking in breeding populationsE. portraying the effects of parental inheritance through examining the lives of children2) Which of the following best represents Hux ley’s beliefs?A. Focusing on physical evolution leaves man as nothing more than a “puppet” of forces beyond his control; to succeed in life it is necessary to reject physical evolution in favor of moral change.B. The ideas of Charles Darwin needed to be carefully delineated through lectures so that his ideas about individual variation could be fully understood.C. By exerting personal will, humankind will be able to enact significant, lasting variation which will be demonstrated through the bodies of the children of those who seek change.D.While humankind is inescapably linked to its physical past and the material conditions of its evolution, it must be wary of being too attached to the path dictated by natural selection.E. Certain elements of Darwin’s theory about evolution had to be discarded so that the public would be willing to accept the thrust of the theory as a whole.3) Which of the following would the authors of Passage A and Passage B mostly likely agree to be most closely aligned in their thinking?marck and Huxley.B. Kipling and Wells.C. Mayr and Bowler.D. Mendel and Huxley.E. Dobzhansky and Wells.4) Which of the following statements about Darwin is supported by both passages?A. Darwin differed significantly from other theorists of evolution because hefocused on breeding populations as a whole.B. The modern understanding of Darwin varies significantly from nineteenth-century beliefs about his theories.C. It was not until the early twentieth century that Darwinism as we know itbegan to emerge.D. Fiction writers were particularly interested in disseminating ideas aboutDarwin.E. Delineating the specific inheritance of the child is crucial to understandinghow natural selection proceeds.5) Which of the following best represents the difference between the two passages?A.The first passage begins with current understandings of Darwinism andmoves back in time, while the second passage begins with olderunderstanding and moves forward in time.B. While the first passage focuses on the difference between two theories ofevolution, the second paragraph traces differences between two individualinterpreters of evolution.C. The first passage introduces a general theory, offers specific evidence, andthen considers the ramifications of that theory, while the second passagedoes not consider the ramifications of the evidence it represents.D. The first passage is concerned with demonstrating a way in which Darwin isclosely linked with modern thinkers, while the second passage is focused onhow he differed from one of his contemporaries.E. The first passage provides a historical retrospective of the primaryinterpreters of Darwin, and the second passage centers on one particularinterpreter.6) Based on the information in Passage B, which of the following claims in Passage A would Thomas Huxley be most likely to object to?A. It is impossible to truly understand natural selection without the benefit ofmodern genetic theory.B. It is likely that the giraffe developed a long neck due to the fact that itconstantly stretched it to gain access to food.C. There are different ways to understand how evolution functions to changeindividuals.D. Variations in the average character of a population are the most crucialfactor in the proper evolution of man.E. Allowing natural selection to dominate our society will lead to thedestruction of humankind.7) Which of the following situations is most closely analogous to the Lamarckian mode of variation?A. An adult bird tries to change the environment for the benefit of its children.B. Seeking to morally adapt to its environment, a chimpanzee changes the wayit woos its mate.C. A giraffe’s bodily shape changes because it is unable to fit into the caves ittr aditionally sleeps in.D. Because of a change in the environment, a number of chimpanzees die outwhile others thrive and pass on their genes.E. Because it hunts for salmon with its mouth wide open, a bear graduallydevelops a straining mechanism between its teeth.Part IVRead and CreateIn this part, you will be required to write a short essay on a given topic based on your general reading. You should write with clarity, logic and creativity.1.Write an essay of about 200 words on one of the following topics.1) Hamlet is characterized by his melancholic mood anddelay in action. Give a character analysis of Hamlet and list the possible reasons for his melancholy and delay.2) A Tale of Two Cities can be regarded as a historical novel,a moral novel and a novel strongly concerned with themes of resurrection, redemption and patriotism, as well as of guilt, shame and love. What is your understanding of the themes of the novel?2.Read the essay below. Answer one of the following questions by writing an essay of about 200 words.Of StudiesStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, butnot curiously; and some few to be ready wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defe ct of the mind may have a special receipt.1)We are now living in the age of “information explosion”. What lessons can we lea rn from Bacon’s “Of Studies” to access information”2)In what sense does reading make a full man?。
2017年《北京工业大学本科生科技竞赛项目认定名单》
会、中国服装协会
中国五金产业技术创新战
略联、德施曼机电（中
国）有限公司、中国五金
91 省部市
“德施曼杯”全国高校智能锁设计 创业大赛
产业技术创新战略联盟设 计专家委员会、北京工业 大学艺术设计学院、中关
教务处、艺术学院
村工业设计协会、中国工
艺美术学会展示艺术设计
专业委员会
“挑战杯”首都大学生课外学术科技
会、北京大学 国际建筑师协会（UIA）、
天津大学建筑学院、 UED 杂志社
国务院国有资产监督管理 委员会研究中心、全国工
商管理硕士教育指导 委员会
美国数学学会、美国工业 与应用数学学会 亚洲辩论协会
国际平面设计协会联合会 (Icograda)
德国汉诺威工业设计论坛 (iF Industrie Forum
课程教学指导委员会、中
“高教杯”全国大学生先进成图技术与
14
国家
国图学学会制图技术专业 教务处、机电学院
产品信息建模创新大赛
委员会、中国图学学会产
品信息建模专业委员会
教育部高等学校力学教学
15
国家
全国周培源大学生力学竞赛
指导委员会力学基础课程 教学指导分会、中国力学
教务处、机电学院
学会、周培源基金会
42
国家
全国大学生数学建模竞赛
教育部高等教育司、中国 工业与应用数学学会
教务处、数理学院
43
国家
全国大学生数学竞赛决赛
中国数学会普及工作委员 会
教务处、数理学院
44
国家
全国大学生英语竞赛
教育部高等学校大学外语 教学指导委员会
教务处、外语学院
45
国家
2017阅读大赛样卷(完整资料).doc
【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】2017“外研社杯”全国英语阅读大赛初赛试卷Read and CreateYou will read a passage and then write a short essay according to it. You should write with clarity and logic. (Time allowed: 40 minutes)Question 32 (Suggested completion time: 40 minutes) Directions: Read a passage from Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking the Truth in the Sciences. Write a short essay according to the passage.… And as a multitude of laws often only hampers justice, so that a state is best governed when, with few laws, these are rigidly administered; in like manner, instead of the great number of precepts of which logic is composed, I believed that the four following would prove perfectly sufficient for me, provided I took the firm and unwavering resolution never in a single instance to fail in observing them.The first was never to accept anything for true which I did not clearly know to be such; that is to say, carefully to avoid precipitancy and prejudice, and to comprise nothing more in my judgment than what was presented to my mind so clearly and distinctly as to exclude all ground of doubt.The second, to divide each of the difficulties under examination into as many parts as possible, and as might be necessary for its adequate solution.The third, to conduct my thoughts in such order that, by commencing with objects the simplest and easiest to know, I might ascend by little and little, and, as it were, step by step, to the knowledge of the more complex; assigning in thought a certain order even to those objects which in their own nature do not stand in a relation of antecedence and sequence.And the last, in every case to make enumerations so complete, and reviews so general, that I might be assured that nothing was omitted.The long chains of simple and easy reasonings by means of which geometers are accustomed to reach the conclusions of their most difficult demonstrations, had led me to imagine that all things, to the knowledge of which man is competent, are mutually connected in the same way, and that there is nothing so far removed from us as to be beyond our reach, or so hidden that we cannot discover it, provided only we abstain from accepting the false for the true, and always preserve in our thoughts the order necessary for the deduction of one truth from another. And I had little difficulty in determining the objects with which it was necessary to commence, for I was already persuaded that it must be with the simplest and easiest to know, and, considering that of all those who have hithertosought truth in the sciences, the mathematicians alone have been able to find any demonstrations, that is, any certain and evident reasons, I did not doubt but that such must have been the rule of their investigations.Answer the topic questions with no less than 300 words. You should write in YOUR OWN words:What is the main issue that Descartes explores in this part of the text, and w hat’s his method? What’s your OWN understanding of the methods proposed by Descartes? 2017“外研社杯”全国英语阅读大赛初赛答题纸Read and Create。
外研社杯全国英语阅读大赛样题
2015“‘外研社杯’全国英语阅读大赛”样题一、2015 年“‘外研社杯’全国英语阅读大赛”比赛内容包含四个环节：Part I Read and Know（读以明己）Part II Read and Reason（读以察世）Part III Read and Question（读以启思）Part IV Read and Create（读以言志）二、比赛样题仅为2015 年阅读大赛赛题的内容和形式样例，并非完整试卷。
三、大赛的模拟赛、复赛和决赛都将包含样题的四个环节，但各环节的赛题内容和形式会根据不同阶段有所变化。
四、大赛的初赛由参赛学校参考样题内容自行命题，组委会不做硬性规定。
五、“Part I Read and Know（读以明己）”部分不计成绩，根据参赛选手答题情况给予个性化反馈。
六、“Part VI Read and Create（读以言志）”部分，组委会将在赛前公布大赛推荐阅读书单。
比赛样题：Part I Read and KnowIn this part, you will read some questions about your abilities or personalities. Read as fastas you can and choose the answer that you think best describes yourself. Are You Charismatic?Charisma is the magnetic power that attracts people to you. It won’t affect the quality of your workor provide you with wonderful original ideas, but it remains one of the most vital talents if you want tomake it big in life. If people who don’t even understand what you’re talking about believe that you area genius, you will have made it. The following test will decide whether you’ve got what it takes.1) Do people find themselves attracted to you?A. Yes, it can be embarrassing sometimes.B. No, no more than other people.C. I suppose they do a bit.2) Do you find that people agree with you regardless of the quality of your arguments?A. No, never.B. Not that often.C. All the time.3) Would you find it easy to attract followers?A. No, not at all.B. Not very easy.C. Yes, it’s really no problem.4) Do you find casual acquaintances open up and tell you their lifestories in intimate detail?A. Occasionally.B. Never.C. Happens all the time. Sometimes I just can’t get away.Part II Read and ReasonIn this part, you will read texts of different forms and genres. Read the instructionscarefully and answer the questions based on your comprehension, analysis and inferencesof the texts.1. Among the four statements below, one statement is the main point, and the other three arespecific support for the point. Identify the main point with P and the specific support with S.___A. Hungry bears searching for food often threaten hikers.___B. Hiking on that mountain trail can be very dangerous.___C. Severe weather develops quickly, leaving hikers exposed to storms and cold.___D. When it rains, the trail, which is very steep at some points, becomes slippery.2. Read the following cartoon. Put a tick by the three statements that are most logically basedon the information suggested by it.___A. Lucy has just criticized the boy, Linus.___B. Linus feels Lucy’s criticism is valid.___C. Lucy feels very guilty that Linus has taken her criticism badly. ___D. Lucy doesn’t seem to realize that people may accept constructive criticism but reject destructive criticism.___E. The cartoonist believes we should never criticize others.___F. The cartoonist believes it’s best to criticize others in a constructive way.3. Read an extract of an advertisement. Choose the answer which you think fits each questionbest according to the text.Young Environmental Journalist CompetitionHow to Enter:If you’re aged 16-25, we’re looking for original articles of 1,000 words (or less) withan environmental or conservation theme. The closing date for entries is 30 December, 2015.Your article should show proof of investigative research, rather than relying solely oninformation from the Internet and phone interviews. Y ou don’t have to go far. A reporton pollution in a local stream would be as valid as a piece about the remotest rain forest.Your article should show you are passionate and knowledgeable about environmentalissues. It should also be objective and accurate, w hile being creative enough to holdthe reader’s interest. We are notlooking for“think pieces” or opinion columns.Your aim should be to advance understanding and awareness of environmental issues. Youshould be able to convey complex ideas of readers of this general interest magazine in anengaging and authoritative manner.Facts or information contained in short-listedarticles will be checked.Read the rules carefully.1) Before entering for the competition, young people must have_______.A. conducted some relevant research in their local areaB. gained a qualification in experimental researchC. uncovered some of the evidence in the research by themselvesD. consulted a number of specialists on the subject under research2) The articles submitted must_______.A. focus on straightforward conceptsB. include a range of viewsC. be accessible to non-specialistD. reveal the writer’s standpoint4. Read the passage below. Then choose the best answer to each question that follows.(1) Johnny Appleseed, one of the gentlest and most beloved of American folk heroes, was born in1774 in Leominster, Massachusetts. (2) His real name was John Chapman. (3) Chapman’s early lifewas full of misfortune.(4) First, his father left home to fight in the Revolutionary War. (5) ThenJohn’s mother and baby brother died before John’s second birthday.(6) However, John’s fortunesimproved when his father returned and remarried, and by the time John was in his teens, he had tenbrothers and sisters.(7) As a young man, John began traveling west on foot, stopping to clear land and plant the appleseeds he always carried with him. (8) Settlers who followed John’s path were delighted to findyoung apple orchardsdotting the landscape.(9) John was a friendly fellow who often stopped to visit with families along his way, entertaining them with stories of his travels. (10) Tales of his exploits followed him through Pennsylvania, Ohio,and Indiana. (11) Many of the stories were true. (12) For instance, John really did travel barefoot through the snow, lived on the friendliest of terms with Indian tribes, and refused to shoot anyanimal. (13) Other tales about John, however, were exaggerations.(14) Settlers said, for example,that he slept in the treetops and talked to the birds or that he had once been carried off by a gianteagle. (15) Johnny Appleseed never stopped traveling until his death in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1845.1) Sentence 1 is a statement of_______.A. factB. opinionC. fact and opinion2) The details in sentences 4 and 5 support the point or points in _______.A. sentence 1B. sentence 2C. sentence 3D. sentence 63) The relationship between sentences 3 and 6 is one of _______.A. contrastB. additionC. cause and effectD. comparison4) We can conclude that Johnny Appleseed _______.A. provided apples for numerous settlersB. was quickly forgotten by the settlersC. grew wealthy by selling his apple treesD. left home because of problems with his family5) The passage suggests that Johnny Appleseed _______.A. grew weary of travelingB. had great respect for other people and animalsC. lived a very short but rich lifeD. planted many trees other than apple trees6) The tone of the passage is _______.A. pessimisticB. bitter and impassionedC. amused and excitedD. straightforward with a touch of admiration7) Which is the most appropriate title for this selection?A. The Planting of American Apple OrchardsB. Folk Heroes of AmericaC. Settlers Recall Johnny AppleseedD. The Life and Legend of John Chapman5. Read the passage below. Then choose the best answer to each question that follows.(1) Television has transformed politics in the United States by changing the way in whichinformation is disseminated, by altering political campaigns, and by changing citizen’s patterns of response to politics.(2) By giving citizens independent access to the candidates, television diminished the role of the political party in the selection of the major party candidates. (3) By centering politics on the person of the candidate, television accelerated the citizen’s focus on character rather than issues.(4) Television has altered the forms of political communication as well.(5) The messages on which most of us rely are briefer than they once were.(6) The stump speech, a political speech given by traveling politicians and lasting 11/2 to 2 hours, which characterized nineteenth-century political discourse, has given way to the 30-second advertisement and the 10 second “sound bite” in broadcast news. (7) Increasingly the audience for speeches is not that standing in front of the politician but rather the viewing audience who will hear and see a snippet of the speech on the news.(8) In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. (9) In 15 or 30 seconds,a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others.(10) In snippets, politicians assert but do not argue.(11) Because television is an intimate medium, speaking through it requires a changed political style that was more conversational, personal, and visual than that of the old-style stump speech. (12) Reliance on television means that increasingly our political world contains memorable pictures rather than memorable words. (13) Schools teach us to analyze words and print. (14) However, in a word in which politics is increasingly visual, informed citizenship requires a new set of skills.(15) Recognizing the power of television’s pictures, politicians craft televisual, staged events,called pseudo-event, designed to attract media coverage. (16) Much of the political activity we see on television news has been crafted by politicians, their speechwriters, and their public relations advisers for televised consumption. (17) Sound bites in news and answers to questions in debates increasingly sound like advertisements.1) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Citizens in the United States are now more informed about politicalissue because of television coverage.B. Citizens in the United States prefer to see politicians ontelevision instead of in person.C. Politics in the United States has become substantially morecontroversial since the introduction of television.D. Politics in the United States has been significantly changed by television.2) The word “disseminated” in sentence 1 is closest in meaningto_______.A. analyzedB. discussedC. spreadD. stored3) It can be inferred that before the introduction of television,political parties _______.A. had more influence over the selection of political candidatesB. spent more money to promote their political candidatesC. attracted more membersD. received more money4) The author mentions the “stump speech” in sentence 6 as an example of _______.A. an event created by politicians to attract media attentionB. an interactive discussion between two politiciansC. a kind of political presentation typical of the nineteenth centuryD. a style of speech common to televised political events5) The word “that” in sentence 7 refers to _______.A. audienceB. broadcast newsC. politicianD. advertisement6) According to the passage, as compared with televised speeches,traditional political discourse was more successful at _______.A. allowing news coverage of political candidatesB. placing political issues within a historical contextC. making politics seem more intimate to citizensD. providing detailed information about a candidate’s private behavior7) The author states that “politicians assert but do not argue” insentence 10 in order to suggestthat politicians _______.A. make claims without providing reasons for the claimsB. take stronger positions on issues than in the pastC. enjoy explaining the issue to broadcastersD. dislike having to explain their own positions on issues to citizens8) The purpose of paragraph 4 is to suggest that_______.A. politicians will need to learn to become more personal when meeting citizensB. politicians who are considered very attractive are favored bycitizens over politicians who are less attractiveC. citizens tend to favor a politician who analyzed the issue over one who does notD. citizens will need to learn how to evaluate visual political imagesin order to become better informed9) Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A Political presentations today are more like advertisements than in the past.B. Politicians today tend to be more familiar with the views of citizensthan in the past.C. Citizens today are less informed about a politician’s character than in the past.D. Political speeches today focus more on details about issues than in the past.Part III Read and QuestionIn this part, you will read about related or contradictory views on a variety of issues.You will be required to identify the writer’s position and evaluate the effectiveness of the writer’s arguments.Read the following two passages and answer the questions.Passage AWhile The origin of Species created a great stir when it was published in 1859, Darwinian thought was almost completely out of vogue by the turn of the twentieth century. It took Ronald Fisher’s “Great Synthesis”of the 1920s, which combined the genetic work of Gregor Mendel with Darwin’s ideas about natural selection, and Theodosius Dobzhansky’s “Modern Synthesis” of the 1930s, which built upon Fisher’s work with genetics within a species by focusing on how genetic variation could cause the origin of a new species, to begin to rehabilitate Darwin.Yet, what is remarkable is how very prescient Darwin, working without knowledge of the mechanisms of heredity, proved to be. As prominent biologist Ernst Mayr notes, what made Darwinian theory so remarkable was his emphasis on “population thinking.” This contrasts to Jean- Baptiste Lamarck’s theory of evolution, popular throughout the nineteenth century, which posited that individuals changed personal actions and will. Lamarckian theory is often exemplified by a giraffe constantly reaching up to eat leaves off high branches and passing on its lengthened neck to its children.Such explanations bore a strong resemblance to children’s fables (and indeed Rudyard Kipling’s late nineteenth century Just so Stories build upon Lamarckian theories). Where Darwin differed was his insistence that significant variation was not based within one particular individual, but rather in the breeding population as a whole. Natural selection was not based on the actions or goals of one individual, but variations in the average character of the species.Passage BAs Peter Bowler points out in his aptly named The Non-Darwinian Revolution: Reinterpreting a Historical Myth, nineteenth century Darwinism was quite different from the Darwinism of today. Thomas Huxley, “Darwin’s Bulldog,” so called because of his tireless public campaigning for Darwinian thought, exemplifies this difference. As a result of his advocacy, by the end of the nineteenth century Huxley was the vehicle for Darwinian thought. Noted science fiction writer H.G. Wells,for instance, garnered all of his information about natural selection and evolution through Huxley’s lectures. Yet Huxley’s theory va ried significantly from those of Darwin, focusing on the willof humankind.In the preface to Evolution and Ethics, Huxley wrote that “We cannot do without our inheritance from the forefathers who were the puppets of the cosmic process; the society which renounces it must be destroyed from without. Still less can we do with too much of it; the society in which it dominates must be destroyed from within.” According to Huxley, humankind has moved past physical evolution to the realm of self-directed moral evolution. Huxley, then, acknowledges that humankind has evolved under the pressure of natural selection and must remain aware of the fact or be “destroyed from without,” but he argues that a society that continues in the path that Nature has placed it will be “destroyed from within” because it will no longer be adapted to itself.1) Based on the information in the passage, Rudyard Kipling mostly likely wrote stories ______.A. dedicated to enlightening humans by using animals as positive examples of properbehaviorB. based on futuristic worlds which were populated by evolved subjectsC. featuring individuals developing variation through the power of their desiresD. seeking to exhibit the effects of population thinking in breeding populationsE. portraying the effects of parental inheritance through examiningthe lives of children2) Which of the following best represents Huxley’s beliefs?A. Focusing on physical evolution leaves man as nothing more than a“puppet” of forces beyond his control; to succeed in li fe it isnecessary to reject physical evolution in favor of moral change.B. The ideas of Charles Darwin needed to be carefully delineatedthrough lectures so that his ideas about individual variation could be fully understood.C. By exerting personal will, humankind will be able to enactsignificant, lasting variation which will be demonstrated through the bodies of the children of those who seek change.D. While humankind is inescapably linked to its physical past and thematerial conditionsof its evolution, it must be wary of being too attached to the path dictated by natural selection.E. Certain elements of Darwin’s theory about evolution had to bediscarded so that the public would be willing to accept the thrust of the theory as a whole.3) Which of the following would the authors of Passage A and Passage Bmostly likely agree to be most closely aligned in their thinking?A. Lamarck and Huxley.B. Kipling and Wells.C. Mayr and Bowler.D. Mendel and Huxley.E. Dobzhansky and Wells.4) Which of the following statements about Darwin is supported by both passages?A. Darwin differed significantly from other theorists of evolutionbecause he focused on breeding populations as a whole.B. The modern understanding of Darwin varies significantly fromnineteenth-century beliefs about his theories.C. It was not until the early twentieth century that Darwinism as weknow it began to emerge.D. Fiction writers were particularly interested in disseminating ideasabout Darwin.E. Delineating the specific inheritance of the child is crucial tounderstanding how natural selection proceeds.5) Which of the following best represents the difference between the two passages?A. The first passage begins with current understandings of Darwinismand moves back in time, while the second passage begins with older understanding and moves forward in time.B. While the first passage focuses on the difference between twotheories of evolution, the second paragraph traces differencesbetween two individual interpreters of evolution.C. The first passage introduces a general theory, offers specificevidence, and thenconsiders the ramifications of that theory, while the secondpassage does not consider the ramifications of the evidence itrepresents.D. The first passage is concerned with demonstrating a way in whichDarwin is closely linked with modern thinkers, while the second passage is focused on how he differed from one of hiscontemporaries.E. The first passage provides a historical retrospective of the primaryinterpreters of Darwin, and the second passage centers on oneparticular interpreter.6) Based on the information in Passage B, which of the following claimsin Passage A would Thomas Huxley be most likely to object to?A. It is impossible to truly understand natural selection without the benefit of modern genetictheory.B. It is likely that the giraffe developed a long neck due to the factthat it constantly stretchedit to gain access to food.C. There are different ways to understand how evolution functions to change individuals.D. Variations in the average character of a population are the most crucial factor in the properevolution of man.E. Allowing natural selection to dominate our society will lead to the destruction of humankind.7) Which of the following situations is most closely analogous to the Lamarckian mode of variation?A. An adult bird tries to change the environment for the benefit of its children.B. Seeking to morally adapt to its environment, a chimpanzee changes the way it woos its mate.C. A gi raffe’s bodily shape changes because it is unable to fit into the caves it traditionallysleeps in.D. Because of a change in the environment, a number of chimpanzees die out while othersthrive and pass on their genes.E. Because it hunts for salmon with its mouth wide open, a bear gradually develops astraining mechanism between its teeth.Part IVRead and CreateIn this part, you will be required to write a short essay on a given topic based on yourgeneral reading. You should write with clarity, logic and creativity.1. Write an essay of about 200 words on one of the following topics.1) Hamlet is characterized by his melancholic mood and delay in action.Give a characteranalysis of Hamlet and list the possible reasons for his melancholy and delay.2) A Tale of Two Cities can be regarded as a historical novel, a moral novel and a novel stronglyconcerned with themes of resurrection, redemption and patriotism, as well as of guilt, shameand love. What is your understanding of the themes of the novel?2. Read the essay below. Answer one of the following questions by writing an essay of about200 words.Of StudiesStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience:for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be onlyin the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, ifa man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a presentwit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he does not. Historiesmake men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logicand rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in thewit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriateexercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walkingfor the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another,let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.1) We are now living in the age of “information explosion”. What lessons can we learn fromBacon’s “Of Studies” to access information?2) In what sense does reading make a full man?。
2017“外研社杯”全国英语阅读大赛初赛样题.doc
2017“外研社杯”全国英语阅读大赛初赛（90min）Part I Read and KnowIn Part I, you will read short texts of various kinds. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions. (Time suggested: 20 minutes) Questions 1-3 (Suggested completion time: 3 minutes)Directions: Read the following quotes. Match the quotes with the people. Please note there are three extra options you do not need._____1. Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog A. William ShakespeareB. Nelson Mandelaand filthy air.C. Thomas A. Edison_____2. I haven ’ t failed. I ’ ve just found 10,000 ways thatwon’ t work. D. Steve JobsE. Mark Zuckerberg_____3. Design is not just what it looks like and feels like.F. Lucius Annaeus SenecaDesign is how it works.Questions 4 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.A few intuitive, sensitive visionaries may understand and comprehend XXXX(the book title), XXXX(the author) ’ s new and mammoth volume, withoutgoing through a course of training or instruction, but the average intelligent reader will glean little or nothing from it —even from careful perusal, one might properly say study, of it —save bewilderment and a sense of disgust. It should be companioned with a key and a glossary like the Berlitz books...4. Which of the following works does the book review address?A.UlyssesB.The OdysseyC.In Search of Lost TimeD.One Hundred Years of SolitudeQuestion 5 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.I like the fact that the study focuses on a French classroom, which receives less attentionin Second Language Acquisition research than other foreign language classrooms.However, for reasons that I elaborate on below, I do not recommend this manuscript for publication. I recommend that the author consults the Journal of Language, Identity, and Education. That journal might be a better fit for this paper.5. The text could best be described as __________.A. a conclusionB. a summaryC. a reviewD. a pledgeQuestion 6 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.My Lord,I have been lately informed, by the proprietor of The World , that two papers, in which my Dictionary is recommended to the public, were written by your lordship. To be so distinguished isan honor which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.Seven years, my lord, have now passed, since I waited in your outward rooms, or was repulsed from your door; during which time I have been pushing on my work through difficulties,of which it is useless to complain, and have brought it, at last, to the verge of publication, withoutone act of assistance, one word of encouragement, or one smile of favor. Such treatment I didnot expect, for I never had a patron before.6. This text is taken from a letter which showed the writer’s__________ the Lord.A.gratitude towardsB.indifference toC.contempt forD.respect forQuestion 7 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.Because of social media, words are moving around theworld within weeks and months, whereas in the past, itcould take a few years, says Julie Coleman, author of TheLife of Slang.“ It’ s not necessarily that language is changingmore quickly, but technologies have developed and theyallow the transmission of slang terms to pass from onegroup to another much more quickly.”7. The main purpose of the text is to ________.A.explain the quick migration of slangB.imply the unnecessary change of languageC.exemplify the advancement of technologyD.introduce the book The Life of SlangQuestions 8 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.When hunting raccoons for fur was a popular sport, huntingdogs were used to sniff them out of trees. As they are XXXXanimals, the hunting party had to work at night, and the dogswould sometimes end up choosing the wrong tree, or as the idiomgoes, “ bark up the wrong tree. ” The term was first printed in a book byDavy Crockett in 1833.8. Which word is the best substitution for the missing word XXXX?A.solitaryB.aggressiveC.nocturnalD.herbivorousQuestion 9 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the details about a euphemism, and answer the question according to the details.It was first used by British journalists in 1967 to describe a state ofalcohol intoxication exhibited by Labour Cabinet Minister George Brown.It is now used as a stock phrase. The Guardian describes it as having joinedthose that“ are part of every journali st s’vocabulary. ”In fact, one source cautions professional British journalists against itsuse “even if the journalist meant it literally .”9. The euphemism described above most probably refers to __________.A.people with special needsB.downright overwroughtC.tired and emotionalD.mentally challengedQuestion 10 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: The bar chart shows the share of UN procurement from Global Compact members from 2010 to 2014. Answer the question according to the information in the chart.Source: 2014 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement , the United Nations Office for Project Services, 201510. Choose the INCORRECT description of the chart.A.The share of UN procurement volume from Global Compact members grew steadily over thefive years in terms of absolute volume.B.In 2013, the total procurement volume dropped noticeably, and so did the procurement fromGlobal Compact members.C.In 2014, the total procurement volume increased greatly, causing a drop in the share ofprocurement from Global Compact members.D.The proportion of procurement from Global Compact members was not in line with the generaltrend of procurement from Global Compact members.Part II Read and ReasonIn Part II, you will read short texts on different subjects. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions based on logical inference and reasoning. (Time suggested: 40 minutes)Question 11 (Suggested completion time: 3 minutes)Directions: Read the following definition of a logical fallacy. Answer the question according tothe definition.Confusion of“ Necessary” with“ Sufficient” ConditionA causal fallacy. You commit this fallacy when you assume that a necessary condition ofan event is sufficient for the event to occur. A necessary condition is a condition thatmust be present for an event to occur. A sufficient condition is a condition or set ofconditions that will produce the event. A necessary condition must be there, but it alonedoes not provide sufficient cause for the occurrence of the event. Only the sufficientgrounds can do this. In other words, all of the necessary elements must be there.11. Which of the following provides a typical example of Confusion of“ Necessary” with“ Sufficient” Condition?A.You said that I would have to run the mile in less than six minutes to be on the track team,and I did. So why did I get cut from the team?B.Dina has to be rich or at least to be an heiress. She after all belongs to the Alpha Phi Lambdasorority which is the richest sorority on campus.C. It ’ s supposed to be in the low twenties tonight, so surely we ’ re not going to the football game, are we?D.To see viruses, one must have a microscope. This follows if William Carroll said hesaw viruses, he must have used a microscope.Question 12 (Suggested completion time: 3 minutes)Directions: Read the definition of one type of logical fallacy. Answer the question according to thedefinition.Texas Sharpshooter FallacyTexas Sharpshooter fallacy is an informal fallacy which occurs when someonejumps to the that a cluster in some data must be the result of a cause, usually onethat it is clustered around.12. Which of the following provides a typical example of Texas Sharpshooter fallacy?A. I won ’ t pay the parking ticket because the traffic sign here says“ Fine for Parking”B.Cola is healthy because it sells best among the top five healthiest countries in the world.C.We can’texploit the outer space because many people on Earth hardly make ends meet.D.Nobody at school can speak French because neither teachers nor the principal can speak it.Questions 13-14 Reasoning. (Suggested completion time: 8 minutes)In a swimming competition, Matt, Alen and Johnson won a medal respectively: the gold medal,the silver medal and the bronze medal. The coach made a guess : Matt“ won the gold medal, Alendidn ’twin the gold medal and Johnson didn ’twin the bronze medal . ”Unfortunately, only one ofthem is right.13. Who won the gold medal, who won the silver, and who won the bronze medal?A.Matt: gold medal; Johnson: silver medal; Alen: bronze medal.B.Alen: gold medal; Johnson: silver medal; Matt: bronze medal.C.Johnson: gold medal; Alen: silver medal; Matt: bronze medal.D.Matt: gold medal; Alen: silver medal; Johnson: bronze medal.14. Richard: The national budget should provide significant increases in all levels of education inthe upcoming year.Natalie: That’s not fair. A reduction in defense spending in peacetime may bring us excessiverisks. We can’ t afford it.Which of the following is the best interpretation of Natalie’ s argument?A.Funds saved from defense have been diverted to all levels of education.B.Highlighting spending on education dangerously impacts on spending on the military.C. The size of the military budget reflects a state’ s ability to fund educational activities.pared with military spending, investing in education will create a financial crisis.Questions 15-16 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: Read the text and decide whether the statements are True or False according tothe text.QuestionsQuestions define tasks, express problems, and delineateissues. They drive thinking forward. Answers, on the otherhand, often signal a full stop in thought. Only when ananswer generates further questions does thought continue as inquiry. A mind with no questions is a mind that is not intellectually alive. No questions (asked) equals no understanding (achieved). Superficial questions equal superficial understanding, unclear questions equal unclear understanding. If your mind is not actively generating questions, you are not engaged in substantial learning.15. The main purpose of the text is to define“ questions”.True () False ( )16.It can be inferred that a mind filled with questions will surely be engaged in substantial learning.True ( ) False ( )Questions 17-18 (Suggested completion time: 7 minutes)Directions: Read the text about the sugar industry, and answer the questions according to the information in the text.How the Sugar Industry Shifted Blame to FatThe internal sugar industry documents, recently discovered by a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, and published Monday in JAMA Internal Medicine , suggest that thesugar industry may have manipulated the research into the role of sugar in heart disease.The documents show that a trade group called the Sugar Research Foundation, known today as the Sugar Association, paid three Harvard scientists the equivalent of about $50,000 in today terms to publish a 1967 review of research into sugar, fat and heart disease. The studies used in the reviewwere handpicked by the sugar group, and the article, which was published in the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine , minimized the link between sugar and heart health and castaspersions on the role of saturated fat.Even though the influence-meddling revealed in the documents dates back nearly 50 years,more recent reports show that the food industry has continued to influence nutrition science.Last year, an article in The New York Times revealed that Coca- Cola, the world’ s largest producer of sugary beverages, had provided millions of dollars in funding to researchers who sought to playdown the link between sugary drinks and obesity. In June, The Associated Press reported thatcandy makers were funding studies that claimed that children who eat candy tend to weigh less than those who do not.The revelations are important because the debate about the relative harms of sugar and saturatedfat continues today, Dr. Glantz said. For many decades, health officials encouraged Americans to reduce their fat intake, which led many people to consume low-fat, high-sugarfoods that some experts now blame for fueling the obesity crisis.Today, the saturated fat warnings still remain a cornerstone of the government ’dietarys guidelines, though in recent years the American Heart Association, the World Health Organization and other health authorities have also begun to warn that too much added sugarmay increase risks of cardiovascular disease.17. The word handpicked in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.A.carefully chosen in a highly scientific wayB.carried out with the best research findingsC.tailored to the needs of the sugar industryD.done by scientists from Harvard University18. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?A.Manufacturers of sugar related food are funding studies aimed at finding the relationshipbetween sugar and health.B.Scientific research may not produce accurate results when funding for the research is providedby agents who are not impartial.C.It is now accepted in the US that sugar and saturated fat are both responsible for an increasingrisk of heart disease.D.The industry-funded research plays an important and informative role in that it shapes theoverall scientific debate.Questions 19-20 (Suggested completion time: 7 minutes)Directions: Read the passage about MasterCard. Answer the questions according to the passage.MasterCardis making it easier for charities to get help quickly to the people who really need it, and ensurethat donations are actually being used for good. The MasterCard Aid Network, launched last September, distributes a version of the company ’splastic cards that come loaded with points that can be redeemed at certain merchants for groceries, medicine, shelter and even building materials or business supplies. The chip-enabled system can be deployed in a day or two compared to the weeks required to create and import paper vouchers.The system doesn’trequire an Internet connection —a boon in off-the-grid areas where many refugees and disaster victims are concentrated. Still, the transactions enable organizations to collect data on what card recipients redeem, allowing charities to protect against fraudulent use and gather insight into beneficiaries ’needs.So far, organizations including Save the Children, World Vision and Mercy Corps have distributed cards to more than 75,000 people, from earthquake victims in Nepal to those in war-torn Yemen. MasterCard, which charges the charities fees for the service, says the program is profitable. The United Nations also recently named MasterCard the leader of an initiative to improve the distribution of humanitarian aid in emergencies, with a focus on the data management and privacy aspect.19. What is the passage mainly about?A.How MasterCard as for-profit company joins hands with world charity organizations.B.How MasterCard can keep an edge by its technological innovation in the world market.C.How MasterCard made its transformation from a for-profit company to a non-profit one.D.How MasterCard shortened the path between troubled populations and the aid they need.20. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Without the efforts of the Company, charities could not have protected against fraudulent useof donations.B.MasterCard will perform a more important role in the international rescue and aid programswith technology developments.C.The plastic cards the MasterCard Aid Network distributes to needed people are similar to creditcards but paid by donators.D.MasterCard earns money from charging fees for service and then gives the money to refugeesand natural disaster victims.Questions 21-23 (Suggested completion time: 7 minutes)Directions: Read the text about virtual reality and augmented reality, and answer thequestions according to the information in the text.Virtual Reality vs. Augmented RealityOne of the biggest confusions in the world of augmented reality is the difference between augmented reality and virtual reality. Both are earning a lot of media attention and are promising tremendous growth.Virtual reality (VR) is an artificial, computer-generated simulation or recreation of a real-life environment or situation. It immerses the user by making them feel they are experiencing the simulated reality firsthand, primarily by stimulating their vision and hearing.Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that layers computer-generated enhancements atop andeveloped into apps and used on mobile devices to blend digital components into the real worldin such a way that they enhance one another, but can also be told apart easily.Augmented reality and virtual reality are similar in that both are inverse reflections of one in another with what each technology seeks to accomplish and deliver for the user. Virtual reality offers a digital recreation of a real-life setting, while augmented reality delivers virtual elementsas an overlay to the real world. Both leverage some of the same types of technology, and theyeach exist to serve the user with an enhanced or enriched experience.However, the two also differ from each other in various ways. Augmented reality enhances experiences by adding virtual components such as digital images, graphics, or sensations as a new layer of interaction with the real world. It is being used more and more in mobile devicessuch as laptops, smart phones, and tablets to change how the real world and digital images, graphics intersect and interact. Contrastingly, virtual reality creates its own reality that is completely computer generated and driven. It is usually delivered to the user through a head-mounted or hand-held controller. This equipment connects people to the virtual reality, and allows them to control and navigate their actions in an environment meant to simulate the real world.21-23. Which THREE of the following statements can be inferred from the text?A.Augmented reality shows virtual elements on top of the real world, while virtual reality recreatesreal-life situations in a digital way.B. A virtual reality dressing room may allow shoppers to virtually try on their purchasesquickly and easily without really having to put them on.C.Virtual reality is able to transpose us by taking us to some other place, while augmented reality,in contrast, never moves us elsewhere.D.With augmented reality, you can , and with virtual reality, you can .E.Both augmented and virtual realities utilize some of the same types of technology andoffer people enriched experiences .F.Augmented reality will enable an immobile patient to go out of the room and enjoyhis/her favorite sights, sounds and smells in the country.Part III Read and QuestionIn Part III, you will read passageson the same subject. You will be required to identify the writer ’position and evaluate the effectiveness of the writer ’ s arguments. (Time allowed: 30 minutes)Questions 24-31 (Suggested completion time: 30 minutes)Passage ANonverbal communication is often spontaneous and unintentional, and its meaning may be ambiguous. For one thing, different nonverbal codes can indicate the same meaning while one nonverbal code can have different meanings in diverse contexts. Think about your expression of love toward your parents. Have your affective words or behavior remained the same over the past 18 years? Do you feel the same when a friend gives you a hug at the news that you have failed an exam and at the time when you have won an award? In addition, people may use masking, a facial management technique, to replace an expression of true feeling with one appropriate for a given interaction. For instance, your friend Mary is suffering from a fever butstill smiles at you to co nfirm that she ’ s OK.Culture, technology, and situation all serve as powerful influences on our nonverbal behavior. What may be an innocent gesture in one group, context, region, or country can convey a different and possibly offensive message elsewhere. For example, American people are accustomed to making direct eye contact when speaking to someone, whether a friend or a professor. However,in some East Asian cultures, such as China, Japan, and South Korea, direct eye contact in interactive communication is not required. In fact, such long-time direct eye contact, when facing superiors or elders, might be considered a sign of disrespect and challenge. Similarly, some cultures are contact cultures so that touch is an important form of communication, whereas other cultures are non-contact cultures so touching is generally avoided. For example, a socially polite touch involves a handshake between American men but may include a kiss between Arabor European men. Some religions prohibit opposite-sex touching between unmarried or unrelated individuals.Nonverbal communication can be found in our electronic written communication such as email,text messaging, and Internet chat rooms.25We use all capital letters to indicate shouting, random punctuation (#@*&!) to substitute for obscenities, and type treatments suchas boldfacing and italicizing for emphasis. We use color, font styles and sizes, animations, figures, diagrams, and pictures in attempts to express emotion or help users visualize the sender or the message in context. We expect others to use emoticons to express emotion in mediated texts (). Since we can’ t hear voice inflection or see facial expressionsmany mediated situations, your preferences for screen text size, whether you leave a few explanatory lines, and whetheryou attach or compress files all say something about you to others. As the Internet allows usersto have visual, audio, and text contact, with refinements, speakers have the potential to be even more persuasive than in face-to-face conversations across distances.Passage BNo one likes taking out the garbage. But in Japan the chore is compounded by an added element:The neighbors are watching. No, I’ m not being paranoid. They’ re watching.Every time I take my trash down to the curb, in its regulation translucent white bag, I can feeltheir eyes peering through the plastic at my milk cartons, my egg containers, and mydisposable chopsticks. They can see everything.I first realized my garbage and I were not alone on a Monday a few months ago, when I was bringingdown a bag of old cereal boxes, soggy refrigerator leftovers, and coffee grounds. My landlady, wholives on the first floor, was outside watering her garden. Her eyes took in the contents of my trash.“ No, today is Monday. It’ s plastics day,” she said.“ Oh,” I replied,“ I guess they changed- uptheschedulepick.” Her eyes fluttered to the ground,studiously avoiding mine.“ No, Monday has always been plastics day,” she said.Over the next few minutes, in the muddled mix of Japanese and English we use to communicate,my landlady explained that she often would take my garbage away if I had put it out on the wrongday, store it in her house, and then bring it out again on the proper day.As I walked back upstairs, lugging m y unwanted trash, it hit me: For the year and a half since I’been living in the apartment, she ’beend watching me, peeping from behind her rose bushes:scurrying to the curb after I ’beend there, checking to see whether I ’followed the correctgarbage protocol. That ’whens I learned the hard truth: When it comes to garbage in Japan, there ’ sno such thing as privacy. Garbage is public property, something to which your neighbors can claimsnooping privileges. As a foreigner in this homogenous land, my activities garner moreattention, and more criticism, than most. I’ ve started wondering what else my neighbors notice.What else am I doing wrong?What I found most disturbing about the exchange was that my landlady had been reluctant for solong to confront me directly. We see each other constantly, sometimes we have pleasant little chats,or she comes upstairs when something is broken. Yet she could never bear to tell me that Ihad mixed up the trash schedule. Pointing out one’ s mistakes is consideredJapan. rude inAs a foreigner with rudimentary Japanese, I expected the language barrier to be the biggestobstacle to living here. I was wrong. Learning to navigate Japan, perhaps any foreign country, is allabout reading the subtle cultural cues, not the alphabet. Most things in Japan remain unspoken,especially the improper and the unpleasant.Passage CThe most powerful voice you have, no one else can hear. It is a voice shaping your destiny, abilityto cope with triumph or disaster, and how you engage with and inspire others in any quest youface. This voice ultimately determines your success as a communicator and the success of your communications. It is the voice within your head.The starting point for being an outstanding public relations communicator is recognizing thatyou deliver communications not just through your words, signs or gestures. Nor do you deliverjust through your body language. You communicate through the way you think.You probably know of people who can easily comment on other people ’ s problems but are blind to their own shortcomings. The ability to understand yourself, your own emotions, and know how your mind works is known as your intrapersonal skill. Having self-awareness and understanding of yourself makes it possible subsequently to develop fully your interpersonal skills. Your intrapersonal skill is essentially how you can manage your own thinking —the ability to understand how your thinking works and ultimately master the voice in your head.Everyone has an inner voice that creates an internal dialogue, a self-talk, which shapes and progresses their thinking and communication. (Your self-talk is not a sign of delusional behavior!)This self-talk lies at the heart of your subsequent communications. If you are unclear in your mind about how you feel and understand about an issue, the probability is that your subsequent communications will reflect this uncertainty, or fail to convince.The image of Sir Bob Geldof when he launched Band Aid in 1984 is a good example of someonewith a clear sense of passion and belief, who initially had limited resources—at the outset his campaign was just him and his intense reaction to watching BBC news coverage of famine scenes in Ethiopia. Yet he succeeded in creating a major brand and raising valuable funds for famine relief.His clear sense of purpose fueled his passion to overcome the odds. A committed communityactivist can likewise often outwit and outperform a well-oiled and well-funded formal public relations programme; witness the success of groups like Greenpeace against major oil companies.The potential of the focused few was recognized by sociologist Margaret Mead: “ Neverdoubtthat a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the onlything that ever has. ”The starting point for your journey in understanding and becoming an outstanding public relations communicator is to examine what shapes your thinking and how it is manifested in your communications.24. Which statement is true about the ambiguity of nonverbal communication?A.It leads to vagueness in nonverbal codes in a given context.B.Intended meanings of nonverbal codes cannot be conveyed fully.C.It stems from the spontaneity and randomness of nonverbal codes.D.True feelings can be hidden by the ambiguity of nonverbal codes.。
2015年“外研社杯”全国英语阅读大赛获奖名单
1225110213 1425110114 1225110103 1225110306 1425230106 1509010104 1509010128 1512270207 1425310123 1425310120 1325110315 1405301047 1325110309 1425310112 1505301008 1425310105 1325110123 1505301033 1405301022 1405301036 1425310122 1505301011 1325110106 1325110224 1325110311 1425310115 1425310101 1425310113 1425310116 1505301038 1225110203 1325110320 1425110106 1425110115 1225110222 1325110204 1325110107 1325110206 1425110325 1325110102 1405301034 1425110313 1425110324 1325110103 1325110215 1325110218
优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 二等奖 三等奖 三等奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 一等奖 二等奖 三等奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 优胜奖 一等奖 二等奖 二等奖 二等奖 二等奖
考号 1523210104 1523210108 1523120118 1401100219 1511320107 1523120144 1502150107 1511320108 1511320140 1523120115 1523120134 1523150102 1523180116 1523210106 1523210143 1523260118 1502150105 1502150108 1502150118 1502150141 1511320105 1523120104 1523120121 1523120140 1523150130 1523180113 1523180117 1523180119 1523210101 1523210109 1523210125 1523260134 1523130103 1523130105 1523240133 1523260109 1523110131 1523240119 1523240121 1523260116 1523110123 1523110128 1523110134 1523130122 1523240145 1523260105
大学生学科竞赛级别认定汇总表（2017年9月1日-2017年4月30.pdf
全国大学生创业大赛
主办单位
认定级别
教育部高等学校工商管理类专业教学指导委员会、教育部国家精品课 程资源中心、教育部中国大学生在线
国家级B
中国互联网协会
国家级B
中国社会科学院中国市场学会、教育部考试中心、工信部中国中小企 业国际合作协会
国家级B
教育部中国教育信息化理事会、金蝶软件（中国）有限公司
教育部高等学校自动化专业教学指导委员会
国家级B
16 Altera亚洲创新设计大赛
美国Altera公司，友晶科技
国家级B
17 全国大学生物理实验竞赛
教育部理科物理教学指导委员
国家级B
18 中国大学生物理学术竞赛
中国大学生物理学术竞赛组织委员会、南开大学物理科学学院等 国家级B
19 Google-Android应用开发中国大学生挑战赛 20 “蓝桥杯”全国软件专业人才设计与创业大赛 21 大学生建筑设计竞赛 22 “三井杯”全国化工设计大赛 23 全国大学生物流设计大赛
国家级B
5 海峡两岸口译大赛大陆区决赛
外语教学与研究出版社、厦门大学
国家级B
6
全国大学生先进成图技术与产品信息建模创新大赛
教育部高等学校工程图学教学指导委员会、中国图学学会制图技术专 业委员会、中国图学学会产品信息建模专业委员会
国家级B
序号 7 8 9 10
竞赛名称 “用友杯”全国大学生创业设计暨沙盘模拟经营大 赛 全国大学生网络商务创新应用大赛
教育部高等学校能源动力学科教学指导委员会
国家级A
பைடு நூலகம்
4 全国大学生电子设计竞赛
教育部高等教育司、工业和信息化部人教司
2017年外研社杯全国大学生英语阅读大赛决赛成绩表
业
杨林
三等奖
115
李俊辰
2017级
会计
杨林
三等奖
116
黄盈盈
2017级
财务管理
杨林
三等奖
117
和语婷
2017级
财务管理
杨林
三等奖
118
方尚琼
2017级
财务管理
杨林
三等奖
119
邓彩美
2017级
国际经济与贸
易
杨林
三等奖
120
张文思
2016级
学前教育
海源
三等奖
121
詹盛捷
2016级
学前教育
海源
屈朝基
2017级
法学
杨林
三等奖
83
潘婷
2017级
财务管理
杨林
三等奖
84
梁梦儿
2017级
会计学
杨林
三等奖
85
李加福
2017级
财务管理
杨林
三等奖
86
字会银
2016级
学前教育
海源
三等奖
87
周富敏
2015级
英语
海源
三等奖
88
张燕芬
20ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ6级
学前教育
海源
三等奖
89
叶艺微
2016级
学前教育
海源
三等奖
90
杨怡琴
2017级
会计学
杨林
三等奖
107
王冬琴
2016级
财务管理
杨林
三等奖
108
尚宁志
2017级