The_First_Snow (Henry Longfellow)五种不同译文对照
The first snow

Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.
The first now
The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead! All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to something soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels! Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of the children.
中英咏雪诗对比学习

英汉咏雪诗对比学习万丁200920437 有人说雪是“雪是无私的,它宁愿牺牲自己去成就世间情意。
”有人说“雪是美好的,它为世间带来无数欢乐、无数笑声。
”还有人说“水或冰在空中凝结再落下的自然现象,或指落下的雪花。
”英文中也有“as white as snow”洁白如雪(white 视觉上的颜色)。
“be as pure as the driven snow”内心纯洁的“snowed in (physically)”被大雪困住了。
“be snowed under”被困住了(overwhelm)。
“a snowball effect”雪球效应“snowball”(动词vt) 如同雪球一样越滚越大,形容事物发展规模速度疯狂增长。
雪只会在很冷的温度及温带气旋的影响下才会出现,因此亚热带地区和热带地区下雪的机会较微。
而世界范围内超过三分之二的陆地都处在温带以及亚寒带、寒带地区,所以雪作为全球大范围语言中的一个词汇就成为可能。
语言体现文化,所以同一个“雪”字,在不同的语言中都有着丰富的文化内涵。
首先,作为大自然的普遍现象,在中英诗歌中都有表现。
唐朝祖咏的《终南望余雪》写道“终南阴岭秀,积雪浮云端。
林表明霁色,城中增暮寒。
”写了在大雪的背景下,终南山和秀美景色,天空在雪的印照下有如浮云,还描写了雪下的树林,衬着白雪,就如“霁色”,而整个城市都在雪暮中多了几分寒意。
还有李咸用的《大雪歌》“同云惨惨如天怒,寒龙振鬣飞乾雨。
玉圃花飘朵不匀,银河风急惊砂度。
”写了下雪时的天空犹如“天怒”、“龙振”,漫漫雪花就像“玉圃花”飘飘洒洒,风景奇美。
除了以上二例,在古代诗句中还有大量描写雪的姿态,而且在描写中不乏恰当的比喻和细致的刻画。
首先,有把雪比作花的,类似的称谓包括“飞花”、“林花”、“琼花”等,如“不知庭霞今朝落,疑是林花昨夜开。
”(晋•谢道蕴《咏雪联句》);“白雪却嫌春色晚,故穿庭树作飞花。
”(唐•韩愈《春雪》);“雪似梅花,梅花似雪,似和不似都奇绝。
英语拟声辞格音韵美的汉译再现

湖南民族职业学院学报JOURNAL OF HUNAN VOC ATIONAL COLLEGE FOR NATIONALITIES2008年3月所谓拟声(onomatopoeia),就是通过对自然声音的直接模拟而构成的词项。
拟声词属于开放性词类,有时也可以根据情况需要创造出新的拟声词。
它不仅是一种构词方法,也是一种生动逼真的修辞手段。
拟声词读来有清晰的音响感,能渲染文字中的音响,给读者听觉上的刺激,给人以身临其境的感受。
恰当使用拟声修辞法,可以夸张印象,增强声势、动态的描绘效果。
18世纪英国伟大的诗人蒲柏(AlexanderPope)在《批评论》(A nEssayonCriticism)一诗中说:The sound must seem an echo to the sense.(声音须与意义附和),在不同题材的文学作品中,语言的声音和作品的思想内容始终是相互呼应的。
一、英语拟声的两种形式1.基本拟声(primary onomatopoeia)基本拟声是指音和义基本吻合,能直接产生音义相互联想的语言组合。
其中有模仿各种动物鸣叫声的,如:buzz(蜜蜂嗡嗡)、meow(猫咪喵喵)、croak (乌鸦嘎嘎)、bark(狗吠)、quack(鸭子呷呷)等;有模仿金属声的,如:tattoo (号声嘟嘟)、rumble (车声隆隆)、jingle (铃声叮当)、drum (鼓声咚咚)、gong (锣声哐哐)等;有模仿人发出的各种声音,如:babble(咿呀学语)、chatter(唧唧喳喳)、giggle(咯咯笑)、groan(呻吟)等。
2.次要拟声(secondary onomatopoeia)次要拟声要求声音与某种象征意义发生联想。
这类词按词源来说是没有拟声根据的,或者还没有肯定的根据。
它们之所以被认为有拟声作用,是因为它们本身某些字母的发音(甚至包括发音时口腔内发音器官的动作)能象征某种概念或意境,给人以想象的空间。
英汉相对无主句的特征和功能比较

英汉相对无主句的特征和功能比较张书健;李玲【摘要】语言学界普遍认为,中西方民族思维方式的不同导致了中西语言表达方式上的不同.汉语注重意合,突出陈述的主题内容而非主语本身,以至于汉语中频频出现主语空位的现象.无主句被认为是汉语言的特色之一.多数学者认为英语注重形合,比较突出主语,因此英语不存在无主句.事实上英语在特定情况下亦存在相对无主语现象,且具有典型性结构特征和特定的语用功能.【期刊名称】《常州信息职业技术学院学报》【年(卷),期】2010(009)005【总页数】4页(P69-72)【关键词】相对无主句;英汉对比;结构特征;语用功能【作者】张书健;李玲【作者单位】苏州工业职业技术学院,江苏苏州,215104;苏州工业职业技术学院,江苏苏州,215104【正文语种】中文【中图分类】H314无主句被认为是汉语言的特色之一。
多数学者认为英语注重形合,比较突出主语,因此英语不存在无主句。
事实上英语语言在特定情况下亦存在相对无主语现象,并具有一定的典型结构特征和特定的语用功能。
不过,英语中的无主语现象事实上是相对概念,结构和功能上与汉语的某些无主语现象有共同相通之处,但英汉语中主语“相对”不存在的现象所运用的结构方式、情境和语用功能上却各有特色。
由于相对无主句是英汉语言共有的语言现象,因此,探讨两者在结构特征和语用功能上的异同,有助于深入了解两种语言的表达特点并发现其中的规律,对促进语际间的信息和文化交流、英语学习有一定帮助。
汉语的无主语现象在语言学界几乎是被公认的。
虽然汉语无主语现象在分类和定义上存在较大分歧,但汉语允许主语缺空的现象基本得到了翻译界和语言学界的公认。
而英语却常被认为是典型的非主语脱落语言,主语一般必不可少[1];但是在某些环境下,英语语言也允许主语被省略而造成的主语空位现象。
但同时也有人提出不同观点,“英语不允许主语省略”,并否认英语中存在无主句[2]。
尽管汉语无主句的定义、及英语中主语省略现象的有无方面存在一定争议,但两种语言在现实社会交际或文学作品中,“主语省略”的现象都客观且大量存在,这足以说明英语和汉语存在一种共同的无主语现象,即相对无主语现象。
The_First_Snow

业社会的节庆是跟着大自然的季节走,收割了秋获的金黄稻谷,在日最短夜最长的冬至吃过汤圆,随着天气越冷,期待过年的氛围就越热烈。
生活在现代工商业社会,节庆的重要性是依放假天数而定。
在华人为主的台湾社会,传统节庆如清明节、端午节及中秋节,都有假期及花红可拿,过节时便也有钱有闲忙些应景活动(或扫墓、或赛龙舟、或赏月)。
遇到农历新年这种大节庆,更是正正当当地从除夕放到初三,再加上前后周末加补假,台湾人过年非要拜过初九的天公生、逛完十五的元宵灯市才算落幕。
First Snow[第一场雪]JONATHAN NICHOLAS[乔纳森·尼古拉斯]He wasn’t sure what had awakened him. Perhaps the child had made some small noise in her sleep. But as he peeked from beneath the covers, his gaze was drawn not to the cradle but to the window.他还不太清楚是什么把他从睡梦中唤醒了,也许是孩子在梦里弄出的小声响吧。
可当他悄悄从被里探出头来,吸引他目光的不是小女儿的摇篮,而是窗外。
It was then that he realized what had sneaked through the shield of his slumbers. It was the sense of falling snow.这会儿他才知道是什么悄然袭入他的梦乡,让他醒来。
是他感觉到了窗外簌簌飘舞的雪。
Quietly, so as not to disturb the child’s mother, he rose from the bed and inched toward the cradle. Reaching down, he gently lifted the warm bundle to his shoulder. Then, as he tiptoed from the bedroom, she lifted her head, opened her eyes and —daily does of magic[愿意为一剂药。
「易学晨读」英语美文欣赏与朗读“TheFirstSnow(初雪)”

「易学晨读」英语美文欣赏与朗读“TheFirstSnow(初雪)”美文欣赏:The First SnowThe First Snow(初雪).mp31:1来自网络打开今日头条,体验完整音频内容The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains,on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead.初雪飘临,静美如斯,日夜不息,山川草木,屋椽茔冢,一片洁白,银装素裹。
All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape;and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches.阔野之中,唯余溪流,逶迤前行,枯木虬枝,灰黑天幕,愈显虬枝峥嵘与纵横。
What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to some thing soft and musical.初雪,何其沉静又何其寂寥。
万籁俱静寂,了无声息,似作轻音辽远。
No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels. Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.马迹难寻,车轨不在。
The First Snow翻译课练习

练习1.The First Snow初雪The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead! All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding蜿蜒的black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden 沉闷的sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies纷乱of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion!隔离Every sound was muffled抑制, every noise changed to something soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels! Only the chiming of sleighbells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.初雪降临,美不胜收。
于暗淡天幕中,轻舞飞扬,不舍昼夜,乐此不倦,或飞至崇山峻岭,或撒向枯黄草地,或飘至屋舍,或止于茔墓。
皑皑白雪过境,万物银装素裹,唯有潺潺河水,静谧流淌,似一泼浓墨,于精美画卷中,恣意挥洒。
阅读材料2

阅读材料2The Cardinal Virtue of ProseArthur Clutton BrockProse of its very nature is longer than verse, and the virtues peculiar to it manifest themselves gradually. If the cardinal virtue of poetry is love, the cardinal virtue of prose is justice; and, whereas love makes you act and speak on the spur of the moment(一时冲动的,不假思索的), justice needs inquiry, patience, and a control even of the noblest passions. By justice here I do not mean justice only to particular people or ideas, but a habit of justice in all the processes of thought, a style tranquillized(使平静)and a form moulded(铸造)by that habit. The master of prose is not cold, but he will not let any word or image inflame(激怒,燃烧)him with a heat irrelevant to his purpose. Unhasting, unresting, he pursues it, subduing(征服)all the riches of his mind to it, rejecting all beauties that are not germane(密切相关的,恰当的)to it; making his own beauty out of the very accomplishment of it, out of the whole work and its proportions, so that you must read to the end before you know that it is beautiful. But he has his reward, for he is trusted and convinces, as those who are at the mercy of their own eloquence(口才,雄辩)do not; and he gives a pleasure all the greater for being hardly noticed. In the best prose, whether narrative or argument, we are so led on as we read, that we do not stop to applaud the writer, nor do we stop to question him.散文的首要品质阿瑟·克拉顿-布罗克(译文1)就其本质而言,散文比韵文篇幅长,因而其特有的品质是逐渐展现出来的。
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The First Snow
—Henry Longfellow
The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains,on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead. All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to some thing soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels. Only the chiming of sleigh(雪橇)-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.
初雪飘临,静美如斯,日夜不息,山川草木,屋椽茔冢,一片洁白/银装素裹。
阔野之中,唯余溪流,逶迤前行,枯木虬枝,灰黑天幕,愈显虬枝峥嵘/纵横。
初雪,何其沉静又何其寂寥!万籁俱静/寂,了无声息,似作轻音辽远。
马迹难寻,车轨不在。
雪橇叮当,欢快和谐,似顽童心音悦动。
--田荣昌
初雪飘飘,真美啊!它整日整夜静静地飘着,落在山岭上,落在草地上,落在生者的屋顶上,落在死者的坟墓上!在一片白茫茫之中,只有河流在美丽的画面上勾画出一道弯弯曲曲的黑线;还有那光秃秃的树木,映衬着灰蒙蒙的天空,更显得枝丫交错,姿态万千。
初雪飘落时,是多么的静谧,多么的安详!一切的声响都趋沉寂,一切噪音都化作柔和的音乐。
没有了嗒嗒的马蹄声,也听不见滚滚的车轮声!只有雪橇的铃铛奏出和谐的乐曲,那明快欢乐的节奏像孩子的心在跳动。
《英语背诵文选》
第一场雪
第一场雪飘落,多么美啊!昼夜不停的下着,落在山岗,落在草场,落在世人的房顶,落在死人的墓地。
遍地皆白,只有河流像一条黑色的曲线穿过大地;落光叶子的大树映衬在铅灰色的天幕下,越发显得奇特壮观,还有那错落有序的树枝。
下雪时那么寂寥,那么幽静!所有的声音都变得沉浊了,所有的噪声都轻柔而富有乐感。
没有得得的马蹄声,没有辚辚的车轮声,只能听到雪橇那欢快的铃声如童心在跳动。
初雪
初雪飘临,如万花纷谢,整日整夜,纷纷扬扬,真美极了。
雪花儿无声无息,飞上山顶,撒向草坪,飘至世人的房顶,落在逝者的坟茔。
莽莽原野,银装素裹,惟有长河逶迤,像一条黑色的长龙蜿蜒爬行于皑皑雪原。
枯藤老树,枝丫盘错,光秃秃地直刺灰蒙蒙的天宇,此刻越发显得苍古遒劲,奇特壮观。
白絮飞舞,大自然静谧寂寥,超然幽远。
所有的声响都趋于沉寂,一切喧嚣都化作了轻柔的乐曲。
得得的马蹄声听不到了,辚辚的车轮声也消逝了,惟有雪橇的铃声回荡在空中,那欢快的节奏犹如童心在跳动。
初雪
瑞雪飘临,无声无息。
纷纷扬扬,壮观之极!
飞上山巅,撒向草原,飘至房顶,落在墓地。
茫茫大地,银装素裹。
蜿蜒远去,长河逶迤。
老树虬枝,枝丫盘错,直刺苍穹,愈发壮丽。
白絮蹁跹,超然幽寂,喧嚣之声,化作乐曲。
看不见辚辚车轮,听不见得得马蹄,
惟闻雪橇的铃儿,叮咚,叮咚……
如童心跳动,永不停息。