上海市2020年上学期松江区松江二中高二生物期中考试题
上海市松江二中2020-2021学年高二上学期期中生物试题(教师版)
2020-2021学年上海市松江区松江二中高二年级上学期期中考试一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案。
）1. 下图所示的3种有机化合物中，可以构成蛋白质的有（）A. 0种B. 1种C. 2种D. 3种【答案】D【解析】【分析】构成蛋白质的基本单位是氨基酸，其结构通式是，即每种氨基酸分子至少都含有一个氨基和一个羧基，且都有一个氨基和一个羧基连接在同一个碳原子上，这个碳原子还连接一个氢和一个R基，氨基酸的不同在于R基的不同。
【详解】分析图示3种化合物可知，图示3种氨基酸均有一个氨基（—NH2）和一个羧基（—COOH）连接在同一个碳原子上，R基分别为—CH3、—CH2—OH、—CH2—COOH，均属于可以构成蛋白质的氨基酸。
因此D正确，ABC错误。
故选D。
2. 图所示是人体神经—肌肉接头的示意图，已知组织液处的Ca2+浓度约为细胞内液Ca2+浓度的10000倍，则图中没有体现的物质运输方式是（）A. 自由扩散B. 协助扩散C. 胞吐作用D. 被动运输【答案】A【解析】【分析】分析图示过程，当神经冲动沿着轴突传导至轴突末梢时，突触前膜对Ca2+的通透性会增加，大量的Ca2+进入突触小体内，由于Ca2+的作用，突触小泡向突触前膜靠近，并以出泡的方式将其中的神经递质（图示中为乙酰胆碱）释放到突触间隙，神经递质再通过扩散的方式到达突触后膜，与其上的受体蛋白结合，形成递质—受体复合物，从而改变突触后膜对离子的通透性，使其兴奋。
【详解】分析以上过程：已知组织液处的Ca2+浓度约为细胞内液Ca2+浓度的10000倍，则Ca2+进入突触小体内是顺浓度梯度，结合图示中借助膜上载体蛋白，则其方式是协助扩散；图示中神经递质（乙酰胆碱）从突触前膜释放的方式是胞吐作用；被动运输包括自由扩散和协助扩散。
因此图示没有体现自由扩散，A 正确，BCD错误。
故选A。
3. Golden Gate是当代极为重要的一种分子克隆技术，该技术的实施依赖于Ⅱs 型限制酶，图所示为某种Ⅱs 型限制酶的识别序列和切割位点（N表示任意碱基），说法正确的是（）A. Ⅱs型限制酶不具有高效性B. Ⅱs型限制酶作用位点是氢键C. Ⅱs型限制酶应保存于高温条件D. 同种Ⅱs型限制酶切割两个不同DNA分子所得的片段未必能通过DNA连接酶连接【答案】D【解析】分析】限制性核酸内切酶是可以识别DNA的特异序列，并在识别位点或其周围切割双链DNA的一类内切酶，简称限制酶。
上海高二第一学期期中考试试卷(生物)
高二生物第一学期期中试卷高二生物一、选择题（共45分，每小题1.5分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1．将生命科学研究引入分子水平的典型事例是（）A．光学显微镜的发明B．DNA双螺旋结构分子模型的建立C．结晶牛胰岛素的人工合成 D．《物种起源》的发表2．下列物质中含有氮元素的是（）A．糖原B．脱氧核糖C．氨基酸D．脂肪3．H1N1是一种流感病毒，以下对于H1N1的叙述正确的是（）A．可独立生活B．只能寄生在特定的活细胞中C．含有DNA和RNA D．含有核糖体等少量的细胞器4．下列反应中属于分解反应的是（）A．氨基酸→蛋白质B．淀粉→葡萄糖C．核苷酸→核酸D．葡萄糖→糖原5．下列各项叙述中，正确的是（）A．核糖和脱氧核糖是核酸的组成成分B．葡萄糖是重要的储能物质C．无机盐是细胞的能源物质D．生物体中的水均以游离的形式存在6. 医生为低血糖休克病人在静脉内注射50%的葡萄糖溶液，主要是为（）A．供给全面营养B．供给能源C．维持细胞的渗透压 D．供给水分7. 构成糖类、蛋白质和核酸的基本单位依次是（）A. 单糖、核苷酸、氨基酸B. 氨基酸、单糖、核苷酸C．单糖、氨基酸、核苷酸 D. 氨基酸、核苷酸、单糖8. 下列属于脂溶性维生素的是（）A．维生素K B．维生素B C．维生素C D．叶酸9. 奶牛的乳腺内与酪蛋白的合成、运输和分泌有关的一组细胞器是（）A．内质网、中心体、线粒体B．核糖体、线粒体、中心体C．线粒体、高尔基体、内质网D．核糖体、内质网、高尔基体10. 某一条多肽链内共有肽键109个，则此分子中含有—NH2和—COOH的数目至少有（）A．109、109 B．9、9 C．110、110 D．1、111. 以色列科学家阿龙·西查诺瓦、阿弗拉姆·赫尔什科和美国科学家伊尔温·罗斯三位科学家因发现“泛素”在蛋白质控制系统方面的重要作用而共同获得2004年诺贝尔化学奖。
“泛素”是一种由76个氨基酸组成的一条直链多肽，每合成1个“泛素”分子至少生成多少个水分子，形成多少个肽键?（）A．75、76 B．75、75 C．74、75 D．无法确定12. 下图为物质跨膜运输方式的示意图，表示氨基酸进入小肠绒毛上皮细胞的是( )C 18O 2H 218OCH 3 │H │ C H 3C ― COOH ― H │NH 2C │ CH 3 ― H 2N ― COOH ― H C │ CH 3 │ H 2N ― C ― H│ CH 3│ H │CH 3 C │H 2N ― COOH ―A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．④13. 细胞膜的基本结构支架是（ ）A ．胆固醇B ．磷脂双分子层C ．蛋白质D ．核酸14.下列生物中，属于原核生物的一组是（ ）A ．噬菌体、酵母菌、细菌B ．支原体、菌类、放线菌C ．衣原体、放线菌、细菌D ．蓝藻、酵母菌、立克次氏体 15．除病毒外，生物体结构和生命活动的基本单位是（ ）A ．器官B ．分子C ．细胞D ．个体 16．下列结构中属于氨基酸的是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．17．用颜色不同容积相同的玻璃分别罩住大小、生长状况相同的天竺葵，光照相同的时间后，罩内氧气最多的是（ ） A ．绿色罩B ．红色罩C ．蓝紫色罩D ．无色透明罩18．下列不属于光反应产物的是（ ）A ．O 2B ．H 2OC ．NADPHD ．ATP19．某科学家用含14C 的二氧化碳来追踪光合作用中碳原子的转移途径，下列各项中，能正确表述碳原子转移途径的是（ ）A ．CO 2—→叶绿素—→ADPB ．CO 2—→叶绿素—→A TPC ．CO 2—→酒精—→葡萄糖D ．CO 2—→三碳化合物—→葡萄糖 20．右图为小球藻进行光合作用的实验示意图。
高二上学期期中考试生物试卷及答案
高二上学期期中考试生物试卷及答案高二上学期期中考试生物试卷全卷满分90分，考试用时90分钟。
一、选择题（25个小题，每题2分，共50分。
每题只有一个选项最合理）1.下列有关生物体内水和无机盐的叙述错误的是（）A．水既是细胞内良好的溶剂，又是生物体内物质运输的主要介质B．细胞代谢过程中，叶绿体、核糖体和中心体中都有水生成C．无机盐离子对维持血浆的正常浓度和酸碱平衡等有重要作用D．镁是构成叶绿素的必需成分，植物缺乏镁时会导致叶片发黄2.线粒体上的基因表达产生的酶，与线粒体的功能有关。
若线粒体DNA受损伤，则下列过程受影响的有几项（）A．一项B．二项C．三项D．四项答案：D）3.下图是某二倍体动物的几个细胞分裂示意图，据图所做的判断正确的是（）A．②④B．②③C．①③D．①②答案：B）4.图甲是H2O2酶活性受pH影响的曲线，图乙表示在最适温度下，pH=b时H2O2分解产生的O2量随时间的变化。
若该酶促反应过程中改变某一初始条件，以下叙述正确的是() A．温度降低时，e点不移，d点右移B．H2O2量增加时，e点不移，d点左移C．pH=c时，e点为最高点D．pH=a时，e点下移，d点左移答案：D）5.PCNA是一类只存在于增殖细胞的阶段性表达的蛋白质，其浓度在细胞周期中呈周期性变化（如图）。
检测其在细胞中的表达情况可作为评价细胞增殖状态的一个指标。
下列推断正确的是（）①PCNA经核糖体合成，主要在细胞质内发挥作用②PCNA可能辅助DNA复制③PCNA可能参与染色质丝高度螺旋化为染色体的变化④PCNA可能与纺锤体的形成有关⑤肝癌病人体内的PCNA可能含量较正常人高答案：B）6.各种生物的遗传物质都是核酸，下列说法错误的是（）无法判断，缺少选项）高二上学期期中考试生物试卷全卷满分90分，考试用时90分钟。
一、选择题（25个小题，每题2分，共50分。
每题只有一个选项最合理）1.下列有关生物体内水和无机盐的叙述错误的是（）A．水既是细胞内良好的溶剂，又是生物体内物质运输的主要介质B．细胞代谢过程中，叶绿体、核糖体和中心体中都有水生成C．无机盐离子对维持血浆的正常浓度和酸碱平衡等有重要作用D．镁是构成叶绿素的必需成分，植物缺乏镁时会导致叶片发黄2.线粒体上的基因表达产生的酶，与线粒体的功能有关。
2022-2023学年上海市松江二中高二上学期期中生物试题
2022-2023学年上海市松江二中高二上学期期中生物试题1.细胞是绝大多数生物体的结构单位，具有不同结构，完成特定功能。
(1)若图1细胞表示人的胰腺细胞，为了研究胰蛋白酶的合成、加工和排出细胞的过程，应该向细胞中注射3H标记的 _____。
A．葡萄糖B．氨基酸C．脂肪酸D．核苷酸(2)按上题研究方法，依照放射性标记出现的先后顺序，用编号和“→“对结构③、⑤、⑥进行排序 _____。
(3)图1中，细胞通过质膜内陷，将外界异物吞入细胞内。
下述物质进出细胞方式与该方式相同的是 _____。
A．白细胞吞入侵的细菌和病毒B．水借助质膜上的水通道蛋白进入细胞C．葡萄糖借助质膜上的转运蛋白进入细胞D．甘油从磷脂分子间隙直接透过质膜(4)与图2细胞相比，图1细胞内很多结构由膜包被，他们共同构成了细胞的内膜系统。
下列关于内膜系统的叙述，正确的有 _____。
（多选）A．将细胞质分隔成许多功能化区域B．为多种酶提供附着点C．彼此在功能上可相互联系D．彼此在结构上可相互转化2.如图1和图2表示两种细胞进行有丝分裂的模式图。
(1)下列对细胞有丝分裂的描述中，符合图1所示时期特征的有 _____，符合图2所示时期特征的有 _____。
①染色体着丝粒排列在赤道面位置②DNA 数目是正常体细胞的2倍③染色体数目是是正常体细胞的2倍④染色单体数目为0(2)某生物兴趣小组对连续进行有丝分裂的洋葱根尖细胞进行研究，对连续进行的分裂过程作图，部分示意图如图3．可以表示一个完整的细胞周期的是 _____。
A．①B．②C．①和②D．②和③3.甜椒是我国温室栽培的主要蔬菜之一，图1表示甜椒叶肉细胞中的两种细胞器，图2表示在夏季晴朗的白天，甜椒植株光合作用强度随时间的变化。
(1)下列关于图1中O2的叙述，正确的有_________________。
A．产生在Ⅰ的基质B．来自于Ⅰ中CO 2的分解C．消耗于Ⅱ的基质D．在Ⅱ中不直接参与CO 2的形成(2)图1中O2和CO2透过膜的方式是_________________。
2020-2021学年松江二中高二上期中考试试卷
2020-2021学年松江二中高二上期中考试试卷松江二中2020学年第一学期期中考试（高二）英语试题Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to. make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Looking for tips on how to be more interesting? With a little effort, your popularity will soar.Don't ramble(漫谈）and stay positive.This simple advice comes from Scott Adams,creator of Dilbert,"Brevity(简洁）will slow the inevitable decline in your popularity(21)_____(cause) by talking. And saying something positive as often as possible will be a mood booster to (22) is in the room with you. If you set a positive tone, it will pass on to others."Act like your heroes. Write down the names of the ten most interesting people you know Then list three speaker Scott Ginsberg on his blog. Then look for patterns and figure out a way(24)_____(include) those characteristics into your own public persona.Nail that "tell me about yourself"question. You know the details well, but distilling(渗透the most interesting parts of your life into a chat can be a challenge. Stanford Graduate School of Business professor Chip Heath suggests (25)________(apply) one of these three plots to you life story: either the challenge plot (you overcame an obstacle to get to where you are); the creativityplot (you decided not to follow a traditional path);(26)_____the connection plot(you did something similar to the person asking).Be engaged with what you do. Though it may not seem like it, being interesting is the same exact thing as eventually become bored with you, and you will become bored with your life. Think of yourself asa sponge, and each and every day, (28)______(absorb) as much as you can of what is happening around you. Ask, and listen. Start with the other person's hobbies, family or upcoming travel plans, and go from there. If you know about the subject, conversation (29)______(flow). If you don't continue asking questions to understand more. Remember to pay special attention(30)___the answers.Section B(15%)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.TRA VELYOUNG,TRA VELFARDear Young Dreamer,You wrote to me about your problem. You dream of travelling, and you__ 31__ how,as a teenager, you can make it happen.I understand that you are not very happy about taking the __32__ that don't interest you. You don't think you will ever need much of what you are studying right now. While some of your lessons may not seem directly __33 __to your needs at the moment, you are learning valuable study skills. You do need these skills to __34__ the world around you, to proces information, and above all, to think for yourself. These exact skills will help youovercomeobstacles that stand between you and your travel dreams.I say dream big but stay practical. However, it's the practical part that most people__35____. Even the most pleasant life has its obstacles, but a setback won't prevent you from reaching your dreams if you stay _36___in the practical, in the action you can take to bring yourself closer to your dreams. Work hard, chart a course ahead and then _37___stick to it. Travel was a goal which I believed would finally _38___ that I had made it through to the other side of my troubled background. I made it there. You can, too.As a teen, you have some limitations when making your travel plans. Your parents have a__39__ in where and how you travel. The amount of money they can spend on your travel is also a factor. Cost will determine your experience-whether you visit Europe, participate in a student exchange programme, or stay and work to help with family finances.Given the limitations that have shaped your life until now, I hope you will maintain your travel dreams. A plan for travel acts like a silent ship running alongside your life as you take yo first solo steps into the world. It is there waiting for you, always inviting you to step on__40____.Sincerely yours,ShannonⅢ. Reading ComprehensionSection ALet's face it: while we go to the office to work, no one is expected to keep their head down the entire time they're there. Yet companies expect 41 out of their employees: that's why they're paying you to be there. No talking or socializing at all isone ____42_, while the other is being able to talk to whomever you want, whenever you want, about whatever you want, even if you never quite manage to make it to your desk until 11:00 a.m. Both examples are ____43____unrealistic. So first we have the entire gray area in between those two, and that's just during office time.The phrase "people-oriented"is generally used to ___44____ something that vaguely represents a company where everyone is pleasant and happy. It's fun to work there, everyone likes his or her job and each employee is ___45______ well and fairly. Know any companies like that?People-oriented is a traditional and unclear phrase that needs ___46____ to make sure your definition is the same as the company's and that you can spot a ___47_____ if there is one.So what do you mean by people-oriented? Do you want a company that promotes from within and doesn't __48____gathering at the water cooler? A company where management makes a practice of being __49___? A place where customers are of great __50_____ both in philosophy and actuality, or one that is involved in its community and requires each __51____to join or participate in a specific event once or twice each year? When you look closer at what this phrase means to you, you'll discover that some aspects are more important to you than others.Knowing what you mean by this phrase gives you the power to discover if the company's___52___ is the same as yours.Why bother leaving a message that may not be ____53____ for days when you can reach someone instantly with a text or instant message? That seems to be increasingly dominant viewpoint , anyway . When texting and instant messaging for ____54____ needs , keep in mind some tips from workplace andcareer experts.Marla Harr, a business etiquette consultant and trainer, says that when relying on texting and messaging for work, you should __55____ that the person you want to send a text message wants to receive and communicate in that way.C.qualificationD.contribution41.A.efficiency B.enthusiasm C. qualification D. contribution42.A.phenomenon B. issue C. extreme D. disadvantage43.A.illegally B.subjectively C.regularly D.equally44.A.exchange B.convey C.provide D.promote45.A.trained B.honored plimented D.treated46.A.defining B.restricting C.analyzing D.summarizing47.A.feature B.difference C.distance D.principle48.A.concern about B.look into C.disapprove of D.charge with49.A.attractive B.accessible" C.aggressive D.accurate50.A.importance B.benefit C.emphasis D.conscience51.A.employer B.employee C.customer D.participant52.A.regulation B.explanation C.definition D.opinionunched B.released C.revised D.checked54.A.business B.privacy C.public D.secret55.A.recall B.ensure rm D.remindSection B. Passages(A)Massive changes in all of the world's deeply cherished sporting habits are underway.Whether it's one of London's parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby,or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain,the patterns of players and spectators are changingbeyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland,Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders. The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.This is undoubtedly an economy-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations.Sell the game and you can sell Coca Cola or Budweiser as well.a American football has been sold to Europe is a good example ofhow all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Superbowl are already astronomical. With seats at US$125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $10, 000, 000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $100, 000, 000in TV advertising fees. Imagine how much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are nov suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of fou25-minute quarters. The idea isunashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a "World Title" fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in differe countries around the world!56.Globalization of sporting culture means that___________A.more people are taking up sportsB traditional sports are getting popularC.many local sports are becoming internationalD. foreigners are more interested in local sports57. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes in the world's deeply cherished sporting habits?A.Good economic returns.B.Revival of traditional games.C. Communications technology.D. Marketing strategies.58. The author's attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minut quarters is______.A. favorableB. neutralC. reservedD. critical59. This passage mainly discusses_.A.the commercialization of sporting cultureB.the worldwide popularization of sportsC.the speculation in sporting eventsD.the restoration of sportsmanship(B)We asked you to________in 50 words or fewer. Once again, you didn't disappoint us.Here are our favourites, Which one do you like the best? Write and let us know.[1] My uncle has a 1974 Ferrarl Dino 308-'a thing of beauty,a joy forever', a poet once said. It's the perfect balance of engineering and design. The noise it makes as it pulls away, sets my heart racing. A flash of Ferrari red and it's gone.[2] Fading light. The last gasps of the day. On Earth, colours lose their hold as the sky above drains them. Crimson, rose, blood red. On Earth, I watch in amazement. The sun takes its farewell and dips behind the horizon. I leave, wondering what new beauties the day to come will bring[3] He turns, he stops, he turns and runs, he stops and turns againNo two moves are the same.He looks up, he looks down.He looks forward, he looks round.Will he pass? Will he shoot? Will he turn again?[4] As I watch my cat feed her hungry kittens, all eight of them, each fighting for a space, I think about the miracle of life---how well it all works, how well it all fits together. Does anything get perfect?[5] I'm sitting here, head in hand. There is no room left in my head. It's ready to explode.And then the bell sounds, loud and welcome. The sound echoes... echoes through the corridors.Happy children put downtheir pens and wait for the words, simple but beautiful:'Off you go.'[6] I live by the sea. Where else is there to live? The sea fills my heart with joy. A big blu expanse of happiness, The crashing waves, obeying no one, come and then go. I always return to the sea. It knows the answers before I even ask the questions[7]'Hello,I'm home.'It brings a smile to my face when I hear my wife's voice.I look up and she's there. Has she walked out of a painting? She is beauty,' is all I think.60. Which of the following phrases fits best in the blank of the first paragraph?A.define beautyB.write a poemC.recommend a songD.describe creativity61.Which two posts above both talk about nature?A.Post 1 and Post 7.B.Post 2 and Post 6.C.Post 2 and Post 3.D.Post 4 and Post 7.62. In Post 5, the writer is actually talking about_.A.his/her noisy kidsB.the power of musicC.a terrible explosionD.the time when school is over(C)For the most part, it seems, workers in richer countries have little to fear from globalization. And a lot to gain. But is the same thing true for workers in poor countries? The answer is that they are even more likely than their rich-country counterparts tobenefit，because they have less to lose and more to gain Traditional economics takes an optimistic line on integration(整合）and the developing countries. Openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to poor economies. In the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to make money by adding capital to labour have already been used up. If poor countries lower their barriers to trade and investment, as the theory goes, rich foreigners will want to send over some of their capital.If this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment(组合投资）,it will top up domestic savings and loosen the financial restriction on additional investment by local companies. If it arrives in the form of new foreign-controlled operations, FDI, so much the better this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged along with it, with less financial risk as well. In either case, the addition to investment ought to push incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labour and partly by making labour more productive.This is why workers in FDI-receiving countries should be in an even better position to profit from integration than workers in FDI-sending countries. Also, with or without inflows of foreign capital, the same gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich ones. The gains from trade logic often arouse suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere. Surely one side or the other must lose. Not so. The benefits that a rich country gets through trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners, or vice versa. Recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. In all thesetrades, both sides-exporters and importers,borrowers and lenders, shareholders and workers can gain.63. Why are workers in poor countries more likely to benefit from the process of globalization?A. They can get more financial aidB . They have nothing to loseC. They have less to lose and more to gain.D. They can get more chances to gain a good job.64. What can be the final result of the inflow of the resource?A. It will top up domestic savings.B. It will loosen the financial restriction.C.It will push people's incomes up.D. It will bring technology and skills from abroad.65. What can we know from the last paragraphA.Poor countries get the most profit during the process of trade.B. Rich countries get profit from trade at poor countries' expense.C.Poor countries get more profit from trade than rich ones.D.All aspects involved in the trade can get benefit.66. Which can be the most appropriate title for this passage?A.Benefited or HurtB.Who Benefits the MostC.Helping the PoorD.The Inflow of ResourcesSection C(8%)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. What we wear can reflect our skin colour.B. Other participants wore their normal clothes.C. The clothes we wear can affect our behavior.D. Some experts believe that the participants with white coats are more likely to be more creative.E. For example, we should choose a look that makes us feel more creative and happy.F. Galinsky and Adams think that the white coats made the participants feel more confident and careful .The science of styleDeciding what to wear in the moming is a challenge for some people. We often worry about what others will think of us because of our clothes. But researchers are beginning to think that our wearing has an equally powerful effect on how we see ourselves.Scientists Adam Galinsky and Hajo Adams report that there is science behind our style. In their research, Galinsky and Adams had some participants wear white lab coats similar to the ones scientists or doctors wear. ____67______The participants took a test that measured theirability to pay attention. The people wearing the white coats performed better than the people in regular clothes.____68____The researchers also believe that other kinds of "symbolic" clothescan influence the behavior of the people wearing them. A police officer's uniform or a judge's robe, for example, increases the wearer's feeling of power or confidence. And in workplaces that have a dress code,"symbolic"clothes may also affect how well employees do their jobs.Fashion blogger Jessica Quirk believes that our clothes greatly affect how we feel about ourselves. On her blog called"What I Wore," Quirk posts a photo of what she's wearing every day.She says that people should pay more attention to what they wear_____69______ One way to do this at work is to "dress up for the exciting job we want," she says, "not the boring job we have."Another way is to wear special clothes that mean something to us. For example, Quirk wears one pair of shoes to all her important meetings. They are her "lucky" shoes.As Quirk points out-and as researchers have discovered-our clothes are "like our second skin."___70____They can also tell the world something about us, without us having to say a word.IV.Summary Writing(10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.It's not piano lessons or dance classes. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity is going to a tutor. "I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It's costly," says Pat, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, "after finding out half my daughter's class had tutors, I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead."Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. "When I used to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always yelling. When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of their homework done."Tutoring isn't simply a private school phenomenon. Nor is it geared(适应，满足）only toward lower-achieving students. In Canada alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schoolsare not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. A special value is placed on education in Asia, where tutoring is viewed as an extension of the school day. As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.Another reason for the growth in business is parental frustration and their packed schedules. "A lot of parents just don't have time to help their children with homework," says Julie Diamond,president of an American tutoring company."Others couldn't help their children after Grade 3."There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. "Children used to get bullied for having a tutor,"Diamond says. "Now it's becoming the norm to have one."Children don't seem to mind that they have a tutor. One parent feels surprised that so many of her child's classmates have tutors. "For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need," she says. Still, she's now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.V.Translation(15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72、你越努力，收获就会越大。
2020-2021学年上海松江区第二中学高三生物上学期期中考试试题及答案
2020-2021学年上海松江区第二中学高三生物上学期期中考试试题及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下列有关生态系统的物质循环和能量流动的叙述，错误的是（）A.碳在无机环境与生物群落之间主要以二氧化碳的形式循环B.处于最高营养级的生物所同化的能量不会再提供给其他生物C.生产者通过光合作用合成有机物，能量就从无机环境流入了生物群落D.提倡素食能够使人类的食物链缩短，减少生态系统中的能量损失2. 如图所示，①①①表示对胚芽鞘做不同处理的实验，①为一植株被纸盒罩住，纸盒的一侧开口，另一侧用单侧光照射。
下列对实验结果的描述正确的是（）A.图中①①胚芽鞘中的生长素均发生了横向运输B.图中①直立生长，①向光弯曲生长，①向光弯曲生长C.若固定①中植株，旋转纸盒，则植株向左弯曲生长D.若将①中纸盒和植株一起旋转，则植株向小孔弯曲生长3. 如图为理想状态下和自然环境中某生物的种群数量变化曲线，下列说法正确的是（）①阴影部分表示环境中影响种群增长的阻力①a为J形曲线，b为S形曲线①阴影部分的个体数量表示通过生存斗争被淘汰的个体数①K值为环境容纳量A.①①①B.①①①C.①①①D.①①①①4. 下列有关细胞呼吸的叙述，正确的是A. 原核生物只能进行无氧呼吸B. 丙酮酸只能在线粒体中分解C. 衰老细胞中酶活性降低，呼吸速率加快D. 晒干后的种子在贮存时也进行细胞呼吸5. 如图表示绿色植物体内某些代谢过程中物质的变化，a、b、c分别表示不同的代谢过程。
下列叙述正确的是A. a过程是由光激发的反应，不需要酶B. b过程在叶绿体的类囊体薄膜上进行C.水参与c代谢过程中第二阶段的反应D. X代表的物质是b代谢过程的还原剂6. 在农田生态系统害虫防治中，害虫种群密度变化情况示意图（经济阈值是指害虫种群密度影响农田经济效益的最低值）如图。
在A、B、C、D、E点进行了农药防治或引入了天敌进行生物防治。
【20套试卷合集】上海市松江区市级名校2019-2020学年生物高二上期中模拟试卷含答案
2019-2020学年高二上生物期中模拟试卷含答案1、下列各项中都是微量元素的一组是A．C、H、N、P、Mn B．N、P、S、Fe、MgC．B、Cu、n、Mo、Mn D．、Ca、Mg、Fe、n2、“5·12”地震时，房屋倒塌掩埋了许多群众。
在北川县城的废墟中被掩埋长达100个小时的彭志军，靠喝自己的尿液最终获救。
下列选项中能正确说明水对人体重要性的是①没有水，人体内大部分化学反应就根本不会发生②人体缺水时，体内的水全部以结合水的形式存在③体内营养物质的运输离不开水④水和糖类、蛋白质、脂肪一样，为人体提供能量A. ①③B. ②③C. ②④D. ③④3、接种卡介苗经过一段时间后，血液中就会出现结核杆菌抗体，这种抗体的结构单位和产生抗体的细胞及细胞器依次是A．氨基酸、浆细胞、核糖体 B．核苷酸、浆细胞、核糖体C．葡萄糖、效应T细胞、高尔基体 D．氨基酸、效应T细胞、高尔基体4、下列物质中均属于蛋白质类物质的一组是①胰岛素②雌性激素③抗体④运输载体⑤维生素DA．①②③ B．①③⑤ C．①④⑤ D．①③④5、右图为核苷酸的模式图，下列相关说法正确的是A．DNA与RNA在核苷酸上的不同点只在②方面B．①代表磷酸，②代表脱氧核糖C．③在生物体中共有8种D．人体内的③有5种，②有2种6、某植物体可以完成下列反应式(其中◇、○代表不同的单糖)，代表的二糖可能是A．麦芽糖B．乳糖C．蔗糖D．B和C7、某一蛋白质由3条肽链组成，共含有119个肽键，则此蛋白质分子中至少含有—NH2和—COOH个数及氨基酸数分别为A.3个，3个，120个B.119个，119个，122个C.3个，3个，122个D.1个，1个，122个8、将用放射性同位素标记的某种物质注入金丝雀体内后，经检验，新生细胞的细胞核具有放射性，注入的物质可能是A、脱氧核苷酸B、脱氧核糖核酸C、氨基酸D、核糖核酸9、进行异体器官移植，器官在被剥离后必须马上放入一种“特殊液体”中，对这种“特殊液体”的成分及其作用的分析，正确的是A、有红细胞，为离体器官提供氧气B、有氯化钠，保持细胞形态C、有免疫细胞，清除抗原D、有多种水解酶，为细胞提供生物催化剂10、下面是关于脂质的叙述，其中正确的是A．磷脂由C、H、O三种元素组成，是构成液泡膜的主要成分B．性激素的化学本质是蛋白质，对维持生物体的生殖过程起着重要的调节作用C．脂肪只存在于动物的脂肪细胞中，而植物细胞中没有D．企鹅体内的脂肪有减少热量散失，维持体温恒定的作用11、线粒体的结构主要由线粒体中DNA决定，若该DNA受损伤，则下列细胞的功能受影响最大的是A. 红细胞吸收葡萄糖B. 小肠上皮细胞吸收水C. 神经细胞吸收+D. 红细胞吸收氧气12、右图是一处于质壁分离状态的细胞，下列说法正确的是A．细胞的质壁分离指的是细胞质和细胞壁的分离B．图中结构1和2之间是充满了空气C．质壁分离的外因是细胞液的浓度小于外界溶液的浓度D．如果将图中的细胞换成人的血红细胞在同样的条件下也能够发生质壁分离13、人体细胞内能产生ATP的过程是A、+进入小肠上皮细胞B、葡萄糖氧化分解产生CO2和水C、胰岛细胞内将氨基酸聚合成胰岛素D、O2从红细胞扩散到血浆中14、下列选项均为某些细胞结构的一部分，与胰岛素合成、分泌无关的细胞器是15、胰岛素分子有A、B两条肽链，A链有21个氨基酸，B 链有30个氨基酸，则胰岛素A．含有50 个肽键 B．至少含有一个游离的氨基C．具有特定的空间结构 D．能催化肝糖原分解19、光合作用分为光反应和暗反应两个阶段，下列叙述正确的是A、光反应不需要酶，暗反应需要多种酶B、光反应消耗水，暗反应消耗ATPC、光反应固定，暗反应还原D、光反应贮存能量，暗反应释放能量20、下列关于物质跨膜运输的叙述中，正确的是A．分泌蛋白的合成、运输和分泌过程中要跨过0层生物膜B．mRNA在细胞核中合成后进入细胞质要跨过2层磷脂双分子层C．水稻叶肉细胞无氧呼吸产生的CO2，被同一个细胞利用要跨过4层生物膜D．植物细胞光合作用产生的O2被相邻细胞利用要跨过6层磷脂分子21、下列有关细胞结构与功能的叙述，正确的是22、下列有关细胞呼吸原理在生产、生活中的应用，正确的是A．用透气的纱布包扎伤口可避免组织细胞缺氧死亡B．农民中耕松土是为了增加土壤通气量，促进根细胞有氧呼吸C．水果应储存在低温、无氧的环境中，以减少有机物的消耗D．稻田定期排水可避免水稻幼根无氧呼吸产生乳酸而腐烂23、下图示有丝分裂过程中染色体的行为变化，相关叙述错误的是A．①过程发生在分裂间期 B．②过程发生在分裂末期C．a 染色体上有2 个DNA 分子 D．b、c 染色体上无染色单体24、下列有关细胞核的叙述，错误的是A．真核细胞有核膜包被的细胞核 B．核膜与内质膜在结构上有直接联系C．细胞核是DNA 分布的主要场所 D．细胞核是细胞代谢的主要场所25、关于染色质或染色体，下列叙述中错误的是A．染色质和染色体的形态结构和化学成分不相同B．染色质是细胞核内容易被碱性染料着成深色的物质C．染色质或染色体的主要成分都是DNA和蛋白质D．染色体是由染色质高度螺旋化、缩短变粗形成的26、下列四支试管中分别含有不同化学物质和活性酵母菌细胞制备物。
2024年沪教版高二上学期期中生物学试题及答案指导
2024年沪教版生物学高二上学期期中自测试题(答案在后面)一、单项选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、下列关于细胞膜的描述，哪一项是不正确的？A. 细胞膜主要由磷脂双分子层构成B. 细胞膜上的蛋白质承担着运输物质的功能C. 细胞膜具有完全通透性，允许所有物质自由进出D. 细胞膜参与细胞间的信号传递2、在光合作用过程中，叶绿体中的哪种色素负责吸收光能并将其转化为化学能？A. 叶黄素B. 胡萝卜素C. 叶绿素D. 花青素3、细胞膜的主要成分是脂质和蛋白质，下列关于细胞膜功能的描述中，哪一项是不正确的？A. 控制物质进出细胞B. 进行细胞间的信息交流C. 参与细胞内外物质的运输D. 贮存遗传信息4、在植物细胞中，能够进行光合作用的细胞器是：A. 线粒体B. 高尔基体C. 叶绿体D. 内质网5、细胞膜上的载体蛋白在物质转运过程中会发生的改变是：A. 形态不变B. 发生特定的形态变化C. 只能转运特定离子D. 转运所有类型的物质6、关于DNA复制的说法，正确的是：A. DNA复制仅发生在有丝分裂过程中B. DNA复制需要RNA引物的参与C. DNA复制不需要酶的作用D. DNA复制过程中不会出现错误7、在遗传学中，基因型AaBbCc的个体自交后，后代中表现型为A_B_C_ 的概率是多少？（假设A/a, B/b, C/c三对等位基因独立遗传）A. 1/8B. 3/8C. 27/64D. 9/168、下列哪一项不是DNA复制过程中的关键酶？A. DNA聚合酶B. 解旋酶C. RNA聚合酶D. 连接酶9、下列哪种细胞器与细胞内的蛋白质加工与包装有关？A. 线粒体B. 高尔基体C. 溶酶体D. 叶绿体 10、在有丝分裂过程中，染色体最为清晰可见的时期是在：A. 前期B. 中期C. 后期D. 末期11、在光合作用过程中，光反应发生的场所是？A. 叶绿体基质B. 细胞质基质C. 线粒体内膜D. 叶绿体的类囊体膜12、下列哪一项不是导致物种形成的主要机制？A. 地理隔离B. 生殖隔离C. 基因流D. 遗传漂变二、多项选择题（本大题有4小题，每小题4分，共16分）1、关于细胞膜的流动性，下列叙述正确的是：A. 细胞膜的流动性是指磷脂分子和蛋白质分子都可以侧向自由移动。
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上海市2020年上学期松江区松江二中高二生物期中考试题考生注意：1．本试卷共9页，满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括两部分，第一部分全部为选择题，第二部分为综合分析题，包括填空题和简答题等题型。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名和考号。
作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。
第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案。
） 1．图1所示的3种有机化合物中，可以构成蛋白质的有图1A.0种B.1种C.2种D.3种2．图2所示是人体神经－肌肉接头的示意图，已知组织液处的Ca 2+浓度约为细胞内液Ca 2+浓度的10000倍，则图中没有体现的物质运输方式是 A.自由扩散 B.协助扩散 C.胞吐作用 D.被动运输乙酰胆碱图23．Golden Gate是当代极为重要的一种分子克隆技术，该技术的实施依赖于Ⅱs 型限制酶，图3所示为某种Ⅱs型限制酶的识别序列和切割位点（N表示任意碱基），说法正确的是A. Ⅱs型限制酶不具有高效性B. Ⅱs型限制酶作用位点是氢键C. Ⅱs型限制酶应保存于高温条件D.同种Ⅱs型限制酶切割两个不同DNA分子所得的片段未必能通过DNA连接酶连接４．图４所示为A TP的合成与分解示意图。
在光合作用过程中，关于能量1和能量2的解说正确的是①②图4A.能量1来源于葡萄糖分解B.能量1来源于H+浓度梯度C.能量2可用于水的光解D.能量2可用于CO2的固定5．机体的糖代谢过程中经常会产生乳酸，肝摄取乳酸后迅速异生为葡萄糖，再释放到血液中供肝外组织利用。
下列说法中错误的是A.乳酸的生成发生于细胞质基质B.乳酸的产生伴随着CO2的生成C.肝摄取并转化乳酸有助于维持内环境pH稳定D.肝将乳酸转化为葡萄糖可避免能源物质的损失6．56岁女性患者就诊，主诉过去几年里嗜睡伴有体重增加。
查体发现，患者甲状腺肿大，皮肤厚硬、粗糙，以及低碘血症。
对于该患者的诊断以及其血中促甲状腺激素（TSH)）水平的变化是A.甲状腺功能亢进，高水平TSHB.甲状腺功能亢进，低水平TSHC.甲状腺功能减退，高水平TSHD.甲状腺功能减退，低水平TSH7．图5所示是人体某种免疫机制的过程，相关解读中正确的是A.图中所示过程为细胞免疫B. E细胞可特异性识别抗原C. E细胞具有发达的内质网D.二次免疫反应时，由M细胞分泌抗体图58．图6是不同浓度生长素（AA）对某植物幼苗茎切段长度及其中乙烯含量影响的实验结果。
据实验结果分析错误的是图6A生长素对茎切段伸长的影响体现出两重性的特点B.一定浓度的生长素可以促进茎切段中乙烯的生成C.不同浓度生长素对茎切段长度的作用效果可能相同D.乙烯含量的增高可能抑制了生长素促进茎切段伸长9．AZT即叠氮脱氧胸苷，是脱氧胸苷（脱氧核糖与胸腺嘧啶组成的复合物）的结构类似物，其衍生物可干扰胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸参与的生化过程。
若将AZT用于抗HIV的治疗，则需要事先现估的AZT的可能副作用是A.抑制HIV的逆转录B.抑制人体细胞DNA的复制C.抑制人体细胞基因的转录D.抑制人体细胞蛋白质的翻译10．图7所示细胞在完成有丝分裂后，所得子细胞的基因型是A.AB和abB.Ab和aBC. AaBbD. AABB和aabb11.位于染色体两端的“端粒”结构被形象地比喻为控制细胞分裂次数的时钟，它会随着细胞分裂而变短，而癌细胞中有延长端粒的端粒酶，端粒酶是一种核糖核蛋白体（即RNA和蛋白质组成的复合物）。
据此，你认为体细胞不能无限分裂的根本原因是（）A.缺少合成端粒酶所需的氨基酸B.缺少合成端粒酶所需的核糖核苷酸C.缺少控制端粒酶合成的基因D.控制端粒酶合成的基因没有表达12.某种植物的叶形（宽叶和窄叶）受一对等位基因控制，且宽叶基因对于窄叶基因完全显性，位于常染色体上。
现将植物群体中的宽叶植株与窄叶植株杂交，子一代中宽叶植株和窄叶植株的比值为5：1。
若亲本宽叶植株自交，其子代中宽叶植株和窄叶植株的比值为( )A.3：1B.5：1C.5：3D.11：113.蝗虫的性别决定为XO型，即雄虫仅有一条性染色体（X染色体）。
染色体A和B为一对同源染色体。
研究人员统计了300个细胞在同一时期的染色体行为（图8是其中某一细胞）。
发现X染色体与染色体A的组合出现146次，与B的组合出现154次。
以下叙述不正确的是（注：蝗虫染色体的着丝点位于一端）（）A.上述事实说明同源染色体分离后随机移向两极B.上述事实支持基因的分离定律C. 上述事实支持基因的自由组合定律D.图8中细胞处于减数第二次分裂后期图814.Edward综合征（Edward Syndrome)也称18三体综合征，其患者相比于正常人多1条18号染色体。
此种变异类型属于（）A.染色体重复B.染色体易位C.染色体数目整倍化变异D.染色体数目非整倍化变异15.“天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊”“看万山红遍，层林浸染”“海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞”。
这些文字描述的各种生物群落和生境之间相互作用形成了和谐统一的系统，体现了生物多样性中的（）A.遗传多样性B.物种多样性C.物种均匀度D.生态系统多样16.表1所示为LB培养基的配方，据此判断下列说法正确的是（）胰蛋白胨酵母提取物NaCl琼脂粉pH10g/L5g/L10g/L15-20g/L调节到7.4A.表1所示培养基缺少生长因子B.表1所示培养基并不适用于细菌的快速扩大培养C.配制该培养基的步骤是：称量→溶解→调pH→定容→灭菌→倒平板D.倒平板应该待培养基冷却至室温后在酒精灯火焰附近进行17.研究人员检测人体血浆中抗利尿激素含量与尿液渗透压之间的关系，结果如图9所示。
下列相关叙述不正确的是（）A.抗利尿激素由下丘脑神经内分泌细胞产生，由垂体释放B.当人体细胞外液渗透压升高时，抗利尿激素分泌量增加C.抗利尿激素的作用是促进肾小管和集合管对水的重吸收D.图中血浆抗利尿激素含量增加的原因是尿液渗透压增加图918.寒冬的早晨，小蕾同学离开温暖的家顶着寒风去上学，相比于在室内，来到户外的她不会发生的变化是（）A.散热量增加B.骨骼肌战栗，立毛肌收缩C.皮肤毛细血管收缩D.甲状腺激素和肾上腺素分泌减少19.某病人，男性，45岁，长期饮酒，最近体检，诊断为中度脂肪肝，经遗传性疾病基因筛查，未发现有易感基因缺陷，其致病原因可能是饮酒造成的肝脂代谢功能障碍。
分析其可能出现的脂蛋白代谢障碍是（）A.CM合成减少B.VLDL分泌减少C.LDL代谢减弱D.HDL代谢加强20.在大麦中，带壳（N）对裸粒（n)、散穗（l)为完全显性。
今以带壳散穗与裸粒密穗纯种杂交，让F1再与隐形纯合体测交，其后代如下。
说法正确的是（）带壳、散穗201株裸粒、散穗18株带壳、密穗20株裸粒、密穗203株A.两对基因间自由组合B.两对基因完全连锁C.两对基因不完全连锁，交换值为4.3%D.两对基因不完全连锁，交换值为8.6%二、综合分析题。
(共60分)（一）高中生物实验（10分）洋葱是高中生物重要的实验材料,可用于多个重要实验的开展。
图10所示为观察质壁分离及复原的实验,图11所示为观察有丝分裂的实验。
图10图1121.(2分)进行图10所示实验,需要从洋葱取材的部位是A.根尖分生区B.根尖成熟区C.鳞叶外表皮D.鳞叶内表皮22.(3分)若要发生明显的图10所示现象,下列哪些因素是必需的(多选)A.植物细胞是活的B.植物细胞是成熟的一C.外界溶液浓度高于细胞液浓度D.细胞膜易变形,而细胞壁不易变形23.(2分)在进行图11所示实验时,制作临时装片的步骤是A.解离→染色→漂洗→压片B.解离→漂洗→染色→压片C.染色→漂洗→解离→压片D.染色→解离→漂洗→压片24.(3分)对图11中A-D4种类型细胞所作的分析,正确的有(多选)A.理论上说,在观察到的视野中,A型细胞应该数量最多B.若要清晰地观察染色体的形态和数目,B型细胞是最佳选择C.由于经历了间期的复制,C型细胞的染色体数、DNA分子数均是A型细胞的2倍D.追踪观察一个B型细胞,可看到其向D型细胞转变的动态过程（二）人类遗传病（12分）迟发性脊椎骨骺发育不良（SEDL）是一种遗传性软骨发育不良疾病，患者软骨组织中Ⅱ型胶原蛋白减少。
Ⅱ型胶原蛋白存在于细胞间，与相关蛋白相互交织形成网状结构，提高软骨组织的机械强度。
图12所示为一个家族的SEDL 遗传系谱图。
图1225,(2分)根据图12所示的系谱图特征,你推断SEIA最可能的一种遗传方式是A.常染色体显性遗传B.常染色体隐性遗传C.伴X染色体显性遗传D.伴X染色体隐性遗传26.(2分)若对该家族相关成员进行基因检测,得到下列哪种证据便可进一步支持你在第25题所作的推断A.I-1不携带致病基因B.I-2携带致病基因C.Ⅱ-8不携带致病基因D.Ⅱ-3携带致病基因27.(2分)假设以M、m表示SEDL的相关基因,基于第25题所推断的遗传方式,则Ⅱ-3因型是；若Ⅱ-3和Ⅱ-5近亲婚配且生下一男孩,该男孩患有SEDL的概率是。
28.(3分)ABO血型由位于9号染色体上的一组复等位基因(I A、I B和i)控制。
已知图12所示家系中,I-1为AB型,I-2为B型,则Ⅱ-1可能的血型有（多选）A.A型B.B型C.AB型D.O型29.(3分)现Ⅱ-5将与一没有血缘关系的健康女性结婚,担心生出患有SEDL的后代。
请从优生优育的角度,为这对夫妻提出合理的建议和具体的措施,使他们能够得到健康的子女:(三)光合作用(12分)蛎菜是海洋中一种大型藻类,图13所示为其光合作用部分过程示意图,A~H表示相关物质,I-Ⅱ表示细胞内不同的空间;图14所示为PSⅡ、PSI等处叶绿素分子结构.研究者进行了大气CO2浓度升高对不同氮盐供应下蛎菜生长的研究.30.(3分)关于图13中A-H各物质，对应关系正确的是（多选）A.A是H2OB.B是O2C.E是ATPD.H是NADPH31.(2分)关于图13中的Ⅱ、Ⅱ空间，说法正确的是A.在Ⅱ空间可发生糖酵解B.在Ⅱ空间可发生卡尔文循环C.在Ⅱ空间课发生三羧酸循环D.在Ⅱ空间课发生卡尔文循环采集蛎菜分为四组置于下列四种条件下培养15小时后，分别通入正常浓度CO2和高浓度CO2一小时，然后测定其光合速率和细胞呼吸速率，结果如表。
注：正常浓度CO2培养+高浓度CO2测定代表短期高浓度CO2影响高浓度CO2培养+高浓度CO2测定代表长期高浓度CO2影响32.(3分)氮盐被蛎菜吸收后，课参与合成的物质包括（多选）A.淀粉B.蛋白质C.叶绿体D.核酸33.(4分)根据表2的相关数据，概述高浓度CO2对蛎菜光合速率、呼吸速率的影响：(四)现代生物技术（12分）针对肿瘤细胞相关的异常分子和基因，可设计和研制特异性的靶点药物，靶向杀伤肿瘤细胞。