第六讲 wordsworth and Coleridge
威廉华兹华斯
But his uncle to his political activities dissatisfied, not wish again to increase. Are desperate, a has been sympathy and admiration of his old classmates died and left him 900 pounds. And in October 1795, he and dorothy move the country together, achieve close to nature, and discusses his old dream the meaning of life. Dorothy intelligent and considerate, and give he created writing conditions
诗人生平
1787年他进剑桥大学圣约翰学院学习，大学毕业 年他进剑桥大学圣约翰学院学习， 年他进剑桥大学圣约翰学院学习 后去法国 住在布卢瓦。他对法国革命怀有热情， 法国， 后去法国，住在布卢瓦。他对法国革命怀有热情， 认为这场革命表现了人性的完美， 认为这场革命表现了人性的完美，将拯救帝制之 下处于水深火热中的人民。 下处于水深火热中的人民。在布卢瓦他结识了许 多温和派的吉伦特党人。 年华兹华斯回到伦 多温和派的吉伦特党人。1792年华兹华斯回到伦 年华兹华斯回到 仍对革命充满热情。 敦，仍对革命充满热情。但他的舅父对他的政治 活动表示不满，不愿再予接济。正在走投无路时， 活动表示不满，不愿再予接济。正在走投无路时， 一位一直同情并钦佩他的老同学去世， 一位一直同情并钦佩他的老同学去世，留给他 900英镑。于是在 英镑。 英镑 于是在1795年10月，他与多萝西一起 年 月 迁居乡间，实现接近自然并探讨人生意义的宿愿。 迁居乡间，实现接近自然并探讨人生意义的宿愿。 多萝西聪慧体贴， 多萝西聪慧体贴，给他创造了写作条件
英国文学史
英国文学史多选1. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ___C _. A. Romanticism B. RenaissanceC. medieval periodD. Anglo-Saxon period2. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his producti on of___DA. Piers PlowmanB. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. Confessio AmantisD. The Canterbury Tales3. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th cent uries, its essence is____D___.A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare…s Sonn et 18? CA. The speaker eulogizes (praise) the power ofB. The speaker satirizes human vanityC. The speaker praises the power of artistic creationD. The speaker meditates on man …s salvation6. ―The Fairy Queen‖ is the masterpiece written by__C__. A. John Milton B. Geoffr ey Chaucer C. Edmund Spenser D.Alexander Pope7. Which of the following work did Bacon NOT write? DA. Advancement of LearningB. Novum OrganumC. De AugmentisD. Areopagitica8. The most distinguished literary figure of the 17th century was（B） who was a critic, poet, and playwright.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. John DrydenC. John MiltonD. S.T. Coleridge9. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne…s poetry? BA. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet10. Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as ―___B___‖, for his contribution to theestablishment of the form of the modern novel. A. Best writer of the English novel B. The father of English novelC. The most gifted writer of the English novelD. conventional writer of English nove l11. John Milton…s masterpiece—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of __ B _.A. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnets12. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver…s Travels are ____A_.A. horses that are endowed with reasonB. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC. giants that are superior in wis domD. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only inappearance but also in some other ways 13. Gothic novels are mostly stories of___C_ ____, which take place in some haunted or dilapidated Middle Age castles. A. love an d marriage B. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs14. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT __D_A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of t he spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as s ubject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech15. Charles Dic kens… works are characterized by a mingling of ___A____ and pathos.A. humorB. satireC. passionD. metaphor16. In __B____ …s hands, ―dramatic monologue‖ reaches its maturity and perfection.A. Alfred TennysonB. Robert BrowningC. William ShakespeareD. George Eliot18. The bard of imperialism was（B）, who glorified the colonial expansion of Great Britain in hisworks.A. R. L. StevensonB. Rudyard KiplingC. H. G. WellsD. Daniel Defoe19. ―art for art…s sake‖ was put forth by ___A___.A. aestheticismB. naturalismC. realismD. neo-romanticism20. Which of the following is taken from John Keats…―Ode on a Grecian Urn‖? DA. ―I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!‖B. ―They are both gone up to the church to pray.‖C. ―Earth has not anything to sho w more fair.‖D. ―Beauty is truth, truth beauty.‖43. Gothic novels are mostly stories of__C___, which take place in some haunted or d ilapidatedMiddle Age castles. A. love and marriage B. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs44. ―The father of English novel‖ is ___A_______.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. Jonathan SwiftD. John Donne45. The greatest Scottish poet in the pre-romanticism is ____D____.A. William WordswothB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Thomas GrayD. Robert Burns46. ___A___ is written by William Blake, a great poet in the pre-romanticism.A. The Songs of InnocenceB. Reliques of Ancient English poetryC. Songs and SonnetsD. Kubla Khan47. The Rights of Man, a pamphlet, was written by __D____, in which he advocated t hat politicswas the business of the whole mass of common people and not only of a government oligarchy.A. John MiltonB. Jonathan SwiftC. Robert BurnsD. Thomas Paine48. William Wordsworth，a romantic poet，advocated all the following EXCEPT (D).A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of t he spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech49. Which of the following is taken from John Keats…―Ode on a Grecian Urn‖? DA. ―I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!‖B. ―They are both gone up to the church to pray.‖C. ―Earth has not anything to sho w more fair.‖D. ―Beauty is truth，truth beauty.‖ 50. ―If Winter comes，can Spring be far behind.‖ is an epigrammatic line by DA. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. P. B. Shelley51. ―Ode on a Grecian Urn‖ shows the contrast between the___B___ of art and the__ __ ofhuman passion.A. Glory, uglinessB. permanence, transienceC. transience, sordidnessD. glory, perm anence52. One of the great essay writers of the early 19th century is BA. Jane AustenB. Charles LambC. Walter ScottD. George Eliot53. Tales form Shakespeare was written by ___D__.A. Charles LambB. William HazlittC. Charles Lamb and Mary LambD. Wordsworth and Coleridge54. Charles Dickens… works are characterized by a mingling of ____A___ and pathos.A. humorB. satireC. passionD. metaphor55. In Chapter III of Oliver Twist, Oliver is punished for that ―impious and profane o ffence ofasking for more‖. What did Oliver ask for more? A. More time to play B. More food t o eat C. More books to read D. More money to spend56. In ___B___ …s hands, ―dramatic monologue‖ reaches its maturity and perfection.A. Alfred TennysonB. Robert BrowningC. William ShakespeareD. George Eliot57. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing s ociety, butalso due to its introduction to the English novel the first __D____ heroine. A. explorer B. peasant C. workerD. governess 家庭女教师58. The three trilogies of __A___ …s Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realis m in the early20th century.A. John GalswortryB. Arnold BennettC. James JoyceD. H. G. Wells59. The Victorian Age was largely an age of___C___ eminentlyrepresented by Dicke ns andThackeray.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. prose61. The work __B___ written by Alfred Tennyson was about the question of higher ed ucation of women.A. Crossing the BarB. The PrincessC. Break, Break, BreakD. Ulysses65. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of___A____,who never pays any attention to human feelings. A. propertyB. justiceC. moralityD. humor66. ____D__is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare，and hisrepresentative works are plays inspired by social criticism. A. Richard Sheridan B. Oli ver Goldsmith C. Oscar WildeD. George Bernard Shaw67. ―art for art…s sake‖ was put forth by _A_____.A. aestheticismB. naturalismC. realismD. neo-romanticism68. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT___B_____.A. DublinersB. Jude the ObscureC. A portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD. Ulysses1. In 1066, ____, with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeating England.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius2. In the 14th century, the most important writer (poet) is ____ .A. LanglandB. WycliffeC. GowerD. Chaucer 3. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is ____.A. novelB. dramaC. romanceD. essay 4. The story of ___ is theculmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales 5. William Langland?s ____ is written in the form of a dream vision.A. Kubla KhanB. Piers the PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. Morte d?Arthur6. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. The N ormans spoke _____.A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Swedish7. ______ was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator of the Bible.A. LanglandB. GowerC. WycliffeD. Chaucer8. Piers the Plowman describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed, thro ugh which, we can see a picture of the life in the ____ England. A. primitive B. feud al C. bourgeois D. modern9. The theme of ____ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.A. loyaltyB. revoltC. obedienceD. mockery10. The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called _____.A. Morte d?ArthurB. Robin HoodC. The Canterbury TalesD. Piers th e Plowman11. ______, the “father of English poetry” and one of thegreatest narrative poets of E ngland, was born in London in about 1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden 12. Chauce r died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in ____.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey 13. Chaucer?s earlies t work of any length is his _____, a translation of the French Roman de la Rose by Ga illaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe.A. The Romaunt of the RoseB. “A Red, Red Rose”C. The Legend of Good W omenD. The Book of the Duchess14. In his lifetime Chaucer served in a great variety of occupations that had impact on the wide range of his writings. Which one is not his career? ____. A. engineer B. c ourtier C. office holder D. soldier E. ambassador F. legislator (议员)15. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named _____ based on Boccaccio?s poe m “Filostrato”.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Troilus and CriseydeC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. BeowulfKey to the multiple choices： 1-5 ADCAB 6-10 ACBAB 11-15ADAAB简答题1.Metaphysical poetry: Metaphysical poetry is a kind of realistic, often ironic and wi tty, verse combining intellectual ingenuity and psychological insight written partly in r eaction to the conventions of Elizabethan love poetry by such seventeenth-century po ets as John Donne, George Herbert, Richard Crashaw, Thomas Traherne, and Andrew Marvell. One of its hallmarks is the metaphysical conceit, a particularly arresting and ingenious type of metaphor.2. In your opinion, why does Satan in Paradise Lost choose the Garden of Eden for his battlefield? (7 points)Answer: 1) Paradise Lost was written by John Milton. (1points)2) The Garden of Eden is the most perfect of spot ever created by God (2 points)3) There live in innocent bliss God…s masterpiece, the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, who are allowed by God to enjoy /revel in the supreme beauties of Paradise, provided they do not eat the fruit that grows on the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; (3 point) 4) Satan desires to tear them away from the influence of God and to m ake them instrumental in his struggle against God…s authority. (1 point)4.Write a summery of Pride and Prejudice and make a short comment on the theme.the main plot（7分；主要情节表述不全或不连贯者酌情扣分）and result (1分)； (Unfortunately for the Bennets, if Mr. Bennet dies their house will be inherited by a distant cousin whom they have never met, so the family's future happiness and se curity is dependant on the daughters making good marriages. Life is uneventful until the arrival in the neighborhood of the rich gentleman Mr. Bingley, who rents a large ho use so he can spend the summer in the country. Mr. Bingley brings with him his sister and the dashing (and richer) but proud Mr. Darcy. Love is soon in the air for one of th e Bennet sisters, while another may have jumped to a hasty prejudgment. For the Ben net sisters many trials and tribulations stand between them and their happiness, includ ing class, gossip and scandal.)Theme: exploration of the marriage, property and intrig ue between the main and minor characters; delicate probing of the values of gentry/ m arriage, class, money) 5) grammar and structure (3分).5. What are the characteristics of metaphysical玄学派poetry? (定义见1)答：①（用语）the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual,② (形式)the form is frequently an argument with the poet…s beloved, with god, or with hims elf.③（主题：love, religious, thought）④Artistic features: conceits o r imagery奇思妙喻 and syllogism三段论6. What the theme of "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"?答：Theme:1.Nature embodies human beings in their diverse circumstance. It is n ature that give him ―streng th and knowledge fullof peace‖ 2.It is bliss to recolled the beau ty of nature in poet mind while he is in solitude.7. What does ―West Wind mean in Shelley…s Ode to the West Wind?The author express his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. Co mpare the west wind to destroyer of the old who drives the last signs of life from the t rees, and preserver of the new who scatter the seads shich sill come to life in the sprin g. This is a poem about renewal, about the windblowing life back into dead things, i mplying not just an arc of life (which would end at death) but a cycle, which only start s again when something dies.术语Terms1. Popular ballads: a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed. Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission .2. Enlightenment: Enlightenment is an intellectual movement in Europe in 18th cent ury.It was an expression of the struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighte ners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other feudal survivals. It was so called because it considered the chief means for the betterment of the society was the ―enlightenment‖ or ―education‖ of the people.3. Sentimentalism: it came into being as a result of a bitter discontent on the part of certain enlighteners in social reality. (The representatives ofsentimentalism continued to struggle against feudalism but they vaguely sensed at thesame time the contradictions of bourgeois progress that brought with it enslavement and ruin to the people. ) The philosophy of the enlighteners, through rati onal and materialistic in its essence, did not exclude sences, or sentiments, as a means of perception and learning. Moreover, the cult of nature and , a cult of a "natural man" whose feelings display themselves in a most human and natural manner, contrary to t he artful and hypocritical aristocrats.4. Neo-classicism（古典主义）:It was initiated by Dryden, culminated in Pope and continuedby Johnson. Neo-classic ists modeled themselves on classical, ancient Greek and Latin authors. They wanted t o achieve perfect form in literature. They general tended to look at social and political life critically. They emphasize on intellect rather than imagination. They observed fix ed laws and rules in literary creation. Poets preferred heroic couplet. In drama, they ad hered to three unities, time, place and action. They emphasized on the didactic functio n of literature.5. Realism: Realism is a mode of writing that gives the impression of recording or ref lecting‖ faithfully an actual way of life. The term refers, sometimes confusingly, both t o a literary method based on detailed accuracy of description (i. e. verisimilitude) and to a more general attitude that rejects idealization, escapism, and other extravagant qu alities of romance in favor of recognizing soberly the actual problems of life.6. Gothic novel: (哥特式小说)Gothic novel, a type of romantic fiction that predominated in the late eighteenth centu ry, was one phase of the Romantic movement. It is futile to struggle against one's fate. The mysterious element plays an enormous role in the Gothic novel;it is so replete wit h bloodcurdling scenes and unatural feelings that it is justly called "a novel of horror". Its principal elements are violence, horror, and the supernatural.7. Lake poets:（湖畔诗人）refer to the first generation of romanticism including Wordsworth Coleridge and Sout hey. They once lived around the lake districts and traversed the similar attitude toward literature, politics and society, beginning as radicals and ending in conservatives.8. Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in Western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt agains t classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places. Many of the ideas of English romanticism were first expressed by the poet s William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.9. Dramatic monologue is a type of poem writing style in which a character, at some specific and critical moment, addresses an identifiable but silent audience, thereby uni ntentionally revealing his or her essential temperament and personality.10. Aestheticism: 唯美主义The basic theory of the Aesthetic movement is ―art for art…s sake‖. Aestheticism plac es art above life, and holds that life should imitate art, not art imitate life. According t o the aesthetes, all artistic creation is absolutely subjective as opposed to objective. Ar t should be free from any influence of egoism. Only when art is for art…s sake, can it b e immortal. This was one of the reactions against the materialism and commercialism of the Victorian industrial era, as well as a reaction against the Victorian convention of art for morality…s sake, or art for money…s sake. The representatives are Oscar Wilde a nd Walter Pater.11. Stream of consciousness: a kind of style with a carefully modulated poetic flow a nd brought into prose fiction something of the rhythms and the imagery of lyric poetry.易考话题1.圣经创世神话与世俗创世神话的区别：1，《圣经》创世神话中，创造宇宙和人类的神是男性，而且完全像个家长。
The Romantic period Wordsworth,_Shelley_
William Wordsworth
1770---1850
Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Life
William Wordsworth was born in a lawyer’s family . His mother died when he was eight. His father followed her six years later. The orphan was brought up by relatives, who sent him to school at Hawkshead in the beautiful lake district in Northwestern England. Here, the unroofed school of nature attracted him more than the classroom, and he learned more eagerly from flowers and hills and stars than from his books. So the child early cherished a love of nature, which he later expressed in his poetry.
1st Stanza:
on high: in the sky. vales: valleys. all at once: suddenly; emphasizing a surprising pleasure. beneath: under. flutter: move in a quick way. breeze: light wind.
英国浪漫主义时期文学试题含答案
I.Multiple Choice.1.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Romanticism in England?A.Spontaneity in expressing feelings.B.Emphasis on reason.C.Worship of nature.D.Simplicity in language.2.The writer of “The solitary Reaper” also wrote _________.A.“Holly Willie’s Prayer”B.“The Defense of Poetry”C.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”D.“The Fall of Bastille”3._________ can be found among Percy Bysshe Shelley’s love lyrics.A.“One Word Is Too Often Profaned”B.“When We Two Parted”C.“A Red, Red Rose”D.“Song to Celia”4.Romanticism prevailed in England during the period _________.A.1789—1823B. 1798—1823C. 1789—1832D. 1798-18325.Lyrical Ballads (1798) was written by ________.A.James Thomson and William CollinsB.Thomas Gray and Robert BurnsC.Percy Bysshe Shelley and George Gordon ByronD.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge6.“The Lamb” is included in William Blake’s _________.A.Poetical SketchesB. Songs of InnocenceC. Songs of ExperienceD. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell7.Robert Burns’poem _______ has long become a universal parting song of all the English-speaking countries.A.“A Red, Red Rose”B. “Auld Lang Syne”C. “My Heart’s in the Highlands”D. “John Anderson, My Jo”8.George Gordon Byron was a staunch champion of the people’s cause. He raised his voice in defense of the oppressed workers in his well-known _________.A.Song for the LudditesB. The Prisoner of ChillonC. The Vision of JudgementD. The Revolt of Islam9. The following statements are about Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Which statement is NOT true?A. George Gordon Byron used his own experiences as the material of the long poem.B. The first canto deals with the hero’s journey in Portugal and Spain.C. The second canto describes Albania and Greece.D. The fourth canto describes Greek.10. Which is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece?A. IsabellaB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. Endymion11. Which is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s work of literary criticism?A. An Essay on CriticismB. A Defence of PoetryC. On the Necessity of AtheismD. Of Studies12.Which poet belongs to the Active Romantic group?A. John MiltonB. William WordsworthC. Charles LambD. John Keats13. Which work is not based on ancient Greek mythology?A. Prometheus BoundB. Prometheus UnboundC. EndymionD. Paradise Lost14. The literary form which is fully developed and the most flourishing during the Romantic Period is __________.A. proseB. dramaC. novelD. poetry15. English Romanticism, as a historical phase of literature, is generally said to have ended in 1832 with _______.A. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament and the death of Walter ScottB. the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical BalladsC. the publication of T.S. Eliot’s The Waste LandD. the passage of the Bill of Rights in the Parliament16. All of the following poets are regarded as “Lake Poets” EXCEPT ________.A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. Robert SoutheyC. William WordsworthD. George Gordon Byron17. The Byronic Hero first appeared in _________.A. Oriental TalesB. The Rime of the Ancient MarinerC. Childe Harold’s PilgrimageD. Don Juan18. The two major novelists of the English Romantic period are _______.A. William Wordsworth and John KeatsB. William Blake and Oliver GoldsmithC. Jane Austen and Walter ScottD. John Keats and Jane Austen19. The poems such as “The Chimney Sweeper” are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by _______.A. William WordsworthB. William BlakeC. John KeatsD. Lord Gordon Byron20. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT _______.A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speechII.True or False?1.English Romantic Period is one of poetical revival.2.Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Bound, borrows the basic story from a Greek myth.3.Romanticism was a literary trend prevailing in England during the period 1789 to 1832.4.From her novel we can deduce Jane Austen’s view of life is realistic.5.Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that the former is heavilyreligious but the latter secular.6.William Blake’s central concern in Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience is happiness, which gives the two books a strong social and historical reference.7.William Blake’s Songs of Experience paints a world of misery, poverty mixed with love and happiness with a melancholy tone.8.William Blake’s Songs of Experience paints a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone.9.Samuel Taylor Coleridge asserted that poetry originated from “emotion recollected in tranquility”.10.William Wordsworth asserted that poetry originated from “emotion recollected in tranquility”.11.English Romanticism rose and grew under the impetus of the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution.12.Emotion, common sense and intuition of humankind are what the romanticists emphasize in their works.13.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage is written in the Spenserian stanza.14.The English Romantic period produced two major novelists: Charles Lamb and Jane Austen.15.Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey are known as the escapist romanticists.III.Match.(1)Column A Column B1.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage A. Wordsworth and Coleridge2.Ode to the West Wind B. William Blake3.Kubla Khan C.Jane Austen4.“Auld Lang Syne” D. William Wordsworth5.“The Chimney Sweeper” E. Percy Bysshe Shelley6.“Ode to a Nightingale” F. John Keats7.Ivanhoe G. Robert Burns8.Pride and Prejudice H. Samuel Taylor Coleridge9.“To the Cuckoo”I. Walter Scott10.Lyrical Ballads J. George Gordon Byron(2)Column A Column B1.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” A. George Gordon Byron2.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner B. John Keats3.Thalaba the Destroyer C. Thomas Gray4.Don Juan D. Jane Austen5.Prometheus Unbound E. Robert Southey6.“Ode on a Grecian Urn” F. William Wordsworth7.Tales from Shakespeare G. Charles Lamb8.Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard H. Percy Bysshe Shelley9.Sense and Sensibility I.Mary Shelley10.Frankenstein J. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeIV.Reading ComprehensionRead the following quotations and answer the questions.Passage 1O, my luve’s like a red, red rose,That’s newly sprung in June;O, my luve’s like the melodie,That’s sweetly play’d in tune.As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I;And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a’ the seas gang dry.Questions:1.Who wrote this poem?2.What is the title of the poem?3.What is the rhyme scheme of the quoted lines?4.The odd-numbered lines are iambic tetrameter, what about the even-numbered lines?5.What do you know about the poem?Passage 2However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.“My dear Mr. Bennet,” said his lady to him one day, “have you heard that Netherfiled Park is let at last?”Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.Questions:1.From which novel is this passage taken from?2.Who is the author of this novel? another two novels written by the author.4.What is “this truth”?5.What is this story about?V.Essay QuestionWhat do you know about William Wordsworth? You may talk about his literary status, his representative works and his poetic principles, etc.English Romanticism TestI. Multiple Choice.1B 2C 3A 4D 5D 6B 7B 8A 9D 10B11B 12D 13D 14D 15A 16D 17C 18C 19B 20DII. True or False1T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6F 7F 8T 9F 10T 11T 12F 13T 14F 15TIII.Match.(1)1J 2E 3H 4G 5B 6F 7I 8C 9D 10A(2)1F 2J 3E 4A 5H 6B 7G 8C 9D 10IIV.Reading ComprehensionPassage 11.Robert Burns2.A Red, Red Rose3.ABCBDEFE4.Iambic trimeter5.“A Red, Red Rose”is one of Robert Burns’most popular love lyrics. It’s composed of four quatrains with alternate lines of four and three feet. It is a good example of how Burns made use of old Scottish folk poetry to create immortal lines by revising the old folk material. Burns clearly states and restates the theme: The speaker loves the young lady beyond measure. Its charm mainly lies in its rhythmic simplicity and its vehement sentiment.Passage 21.Pride and Prejudice2.Jane Austen3.Sense and Sensibility, Mansfield Park, Emma, Northanger Abbey, Persuasion (写两个即可)4.It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.5.The story centers round the poor, beautiful and intelligent heroine Elizabeth Bennet who stands for “prejudice”, one of the daughters in Bennet’s family and the hero Fitzwilliam Darcy, a rich proud young man who stands for “pride” and a minor couple, her sister Jane and his friend Charles Bingley. At first, Mr. Darcy slights and offends Elizabeth with his pride. Later, he is fascinated by Elizabeth. However, due to the slander from Mr. Wickham, Elizabeth is full of prejudice against Mr. Darcy. After a succession of twists and turns, things are cleared up. Elizabeth finally changes her feeling toward Darcy from original prejudice to now admiration and marries herself to Darcy. Bingley and Jane get married too with the help of Darcy. The novel ends with the marriage of the happy couples.V. Essay QuestionWilliam Wordsworth, the representative poet of the first generation of Romantics and the chief spokesman of Romantic poetry, was one of the founders of English Romanticism. He is remembered as a poet concerned with the human relationship to nature and a fierce advocate of using the vocabulary and speech patterns of common people in poetry.In 1798, he and Samuel Taylor Coleridge published their joint work Lyrical Ballads, which marked the beginning of English Romanticism. William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey are known as the “Lake Poets”because they had lived for a time in close association in the mountainous Lake District in the northwest of England and William Wordsworth is the most talented member of “Lake Poets”. In 1843, he became “Poet Laureate” after Southey.In the Preface to Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth set forth his principles of poetry. “All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” He appealed to individual sensation, i.e, pleasure, excitement and enjoyment, as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry. “Poetry takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility…) tranquil contemplation of an emotional experience matures the feeling and sensation, and makes possible the creation of good poetry like the mellow of old wine.” The function of poetry lies in its power to give an unexpected splendor to familiar and commonplace things, to incidents and situations from common life. Nature inspires poetry. He skillfully combined natural description with expressions of inward states of mind. His poems are characterized by a sympathy with the poor, simple peasants, and a passionate love of nature. Wordsworth advocated the use of language of the common people, the simplicity of the poetic language. The language of the poet should not be abstract and should be “language really used by men”.。
英国浪漫主义
• 浪漫主义者不仅推崇想象，还强调灵感与创作的自发性，认为有这两 浪漫主义者不仅推崇想象，还强调灵感与创作的自发性， 种才智才能创造出真正的诗歌。 种才智才能创造出真正的诗歌。
• Romantics also tend to be nationalistic. P163
• 浪漫主义者们还体现了强烈的民族精神。 浪漫主义者们还体现了强烈的民族精神。
• 哥特式小说也是浪漫主义运动的一部分，它盛行于浪漫主义前期的18 哥特式小说也是浪漫主义运动的一部分，它盛行于浪漫主义前期的 也是浪漫主义运动的一部分 世纪末。这种小说的主要题材是暴力，恐怖及对超自然力（鬼神） 世纪末。这种小说的主要题材是暴力，恐怖及对超自然力（鬼神）的 描写。 描写。
1757-1827） William Blake （1757-1827）
• 想象是在全无联系的各种元素上创立新型整体的一种超凡 的官能。 的官能。
• The Romantics not only extol the faculty of imagination， but also elevate the concepts of spontaneity and inspiration， regarding them as something crucial for true poetry. P162
英国文学选读练习题-含答案
实用文档Exercise for English Literature (2)Choose the best answer for each blank.1.________, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born inLondon about 1340.A.Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC.Francis BaconD. John Dryden2.Chaucer died on the 25th October 1400, and was buried in ________.A.FlandersB. FranceC.ItalyD. Westminster Abbey3.The progress in industry at home stimulated the commercial expansion abroad. ________ encouragedexploration and travel, which were compatible with the interest of the English merchants.A.Henry VB. Henry VIIC.Henry VIIID. Queen Elizabeth4.Except being a victory of England over ________, the rout of the fleet “Armada” (Invincible) was also thetriumph of the rising young bourgeoisie over the declining old feudalism.A.SpainB. FranceC.AmericaD. Norway5.At the beginning of the 16th century the outstanding humanist ________ wrote his Utopia in which he gave aprofound and truthful picture of the pe ople’s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.A.Thomas MoreB. Thomas MarloweC.Francis BaconD. William Shakespear6.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen ________.A.MaryB. ElizabethC.WilliamD. Victoria7.English Renaissance Period was an age of ________.A.prose and novelB. poetry and dramaC.essays and journalsD. ballads and songs8.From the following, choose the one which is not Francis Bacon’s work: ________.A.The Advancement of LearningB. The New InstrumentC.EssaysD. The New AtlanticsE.Venus and Adonis9.“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” This is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ________.A.songsB. playsediesD. sonnets10.The heroines of Shakespeare’s great comedies, ________ are the daughters of the Renaissance, whoseimages and stories will remain a legacy to readers and audiences of all time.A.PortiaB. RoselandC.ViolaD. Beatrice11.Choose the four great tragedies of Shakespeare from the following ________.A.HamletB. OthelloC.MacbethD. King LearE.Timon of Athens12.Which play is not a comedy? ________A.A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC.Twelfth NightD. Romeo and JulietE.As You Like It13.“Denmark is a prison”. In which play does the hero summarise his observation of his world into such a bittersentence? ________A.Charles IB. OthelloC.Henry VIIID. Hamlet14.The works of ________ and the Authorised Version of the English Bible are the two great treasuries of theEnglish language.A.Geoffrey ChaucerB. Edmund SpenserC.William ShakespeareD. Ben Johnson15.In which play does the hero show his profound reverence for man through the sentence: “What a piece ofwok is a man! How nobel in reason! How finite in faculty!” ________A.Romeo and JulietB. HamletC.OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice16.In 1649, ________ was beheaded. England became a commonwealth.A.James IB. James IIC.Charles ID. Charles II17.The revolution of 1688 meant three of the following things: ________.A.the supremacy of ParliamentB.the beginning of modern EnglandC.the triumph of the principal libertyD.the triumph of the principle of political libertyE.the Restoration of monarchy18.Who of the following were the important metaphysical poets? ________A.John DonneB. George HerbertC.John MiltonD. Richard Lovelace19.Which work was NOT written by John Milton? ________A.Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC.Samson AgonistesD. Volpone20.Paradise Lost is ________.A.John Milton’s masterpieceB.a great epic in 12 booksC.written in blank verseD.about the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority21.John Milton is ________.A.a great revolutionary poet of the 17th centuryB.an outstanding political pamphleteerC.a great stylistD.a great master of blank verse22.From the Old Testament, John Milton took his stories of Paradise Lost, i.e. ________.A.the creationB.the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angelsC.their defeat and expulsion from HeavenD.the creation of the death and of adam and EveE.the fallen angels in hell plotting against GodF.Satan’s temptation of EveG.the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden23.The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of hell, and ________ is often regarded as the real hero ofthe poem.A. GodB. SatanC. AdamD. Eve24.Who is the greatest of the Metaphysical school of poetry? ________A.John DonneB. George HerbertC.Andrew MarvellD. Henry Vaugham25.________ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A.The RenaissanceB. The EnlightenmentC.The Religious ReformationD. The Chartist Movement26.The main literary stream of the 18th century was ________. What the writers described in their works weremainly social realities.A.naturalismB. romanticismC.classicismD. realismE.sentimentalism27.The eighteenth century was the golden age of the English ________. The novel of this period spoke the truthabout life with an uncompromising courage.A.dramaB. poetryC.essayD. novel28.In 1704, Jonathan Swift published two works together, ________ and ________, which made him well-known as a satirist.A.A Tale of a TubB. Bickerstaff AlmanacC.Gulliver’s TravelsD. A Modest Proposal29.“Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style.” This sentence is said by ________, oneof the greatest masters of English prose.A.Alexander PopeB. Henry FieldingC.Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift实用文档30.As a journalist, ________ had learned how to make his reporting vivid and credible by a skillful use ofcircumstantial detail. This power to make his characters alive and his stories credible is an inimitable gift. A.Joseph Addison B. Daniel DefoeC.Samuel RicharsonD. Tobias Smollett31.Which of the following are NOT written by William Blake? ________A.Poetical SketchesB. Songs of InnocenceC.Songs of ExperienceD. Auld Lang SyneE.The Marriage of Heaven and HellF. ProphecisG.Visions of the Daughters of Albion and America, a Prophecy32.In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of pre-romanticism were ________.A.William WordsworthB. William BlakeC.Robert BurnsD. Jonathan Swift33.The Romantic Age begab with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads which was written by ________.A.William WordsworthB. Samuel JohnsonC.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Wordsworth and Coleridge34.The Romantic Age came to an end with the death of the last well-known romantic writer ________.A.Jane AustenB. Walter ScottC.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth35.The glory of the Romantic Age lies in the poetry of ________.A.William WordsworthB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC.George Gordon ByronD. Percy Bysshe ShelleyE.John Keats36.The English Romantic Age produced two major novelists. They are ________.A.George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe ShelleyB.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC.Walter Scott and Jane AustenD.Charles Lamb and William Hazlitt37.Which poets belong to the Active Romantic group? ________A.George Gordon ByronB. William WordsworthC.Percy Bysshe ShelleyD. John KeatsE.John Milton38.Which poets belong to the Lakers? ________A.William WordsworthB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC.John KeatsD. Robert SoutheyE.Walter Scott39.Which of the folloeing were written by Wordsworth ONLY? ________A.To the CuckooB. The Lyrical BalladsC.Lucy PoemsD. The Solitary ReaperE.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud40.The publication of ________ marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century,i.e., with classicism, and the beginning of the Romantic revival in England.A.The Lyrical BalladsB. The PreludeC.Childe Harold’s PilgrimageD. Don Juan41.As contrasted with the classicists who made reason, order and the old, classical traditions the criteria in theirpoetical creations, ________ based his own poetical principle on the premise that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling.”A.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. George Gordon ByronC.Percy Bysshe ShelleyD. William Wordsworth42.________ was the first critic of the Romantic School.A.William WordworthB. Samuel JohnsonC.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Wordworth and Coleridge43.Which of the following statements is (are) NOT true about George Gordon Byron? ________A.Byron’s early years had been far from happy for he was born with a clubfoot, in the frequent family scenes hismother called him “you lame brat.”B.Byron died in Italy annd was deeply mourned by the Italian people and by all progressive people throughoutthe world.C.The reactionary criticism of the 19th century tried to belittle Byron’s genius and his role in the development ofEnglish literature, but Byron remains one of the most popular English poets both at home and abroad.D.Since the May 4 Movement in 1919, more and more of Byron’s poems have been translated into Chinese andwell received by the poets and young readers. Byron has now become one of the best-known English poets in our country.44.In 1805, Wordsworth completed a long autobiographical poem entitled ________.A.Biographia literariaB. The PreludeC.Lucy PoemsD. The Lyrical Ballads45.________ is regarded as the most wonderful lyricist England has ever produced mainly for his poems onnature, on love, and on politics.A.William WordsworthB. John KeatsC.George Gordon ByronD. Percy Bysshe Shelley46.Which of the following statements is (are) NOT true about Percy Bysshe Shelley? ________A.Prometheus Unbound is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece, a long epic poem.B.At Eton Percy Bysshe Shelley was known as “Mad Shelley”, for his obstinate opposition to the brutal faggingsystem, according to which the younger school-boys were obliged to obey the older boys and bear a great deal of cruel treatment.C.George Gordon Byron alled Percy Bysshe Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew.”D.Percy Bysshe Shelley loved the people and hated their oppressors and exploiters.47.________’s pursuit of beauty in all things bespoke an aspiration a fter a better life than the sordid realityunder capitalism. His leading principle is: “Beauty is truth, truth beauty.”A.Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. George Gordon ByronC.William WordsworthD. John Keats48.Choose the four immortal odes written by John Keats. ________A.Ode to the West WindB. Ode to a NightingaleC.To AutumnD. Ode on MelancholyE.Ode on a Grecian Urn49.Choose the works written by Jane Austen. ________A.Pride and PrejudiceB. Sense and SensibilityC.Northanger Abbey C. EmmaE.Mansfield ParkF. Persuasion50.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend called ________ appeared. And it flourished in theforties and in the early fifties.A.romanticismB. naturalismC.realismD. critical realism51.English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of ________. The critical realists, most ofwho were novelists, described with vividness and artistic skill the chief traits of the English society and criticised the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint.A.novelB. dramaC.poetryD. essay52.The greatest English critical realist novelist was ________, who criticised the bourgeois civilisation andshowed the misery of the common people.A.William Makepeace ThackerayB. Charles DickensC.Charlotte BronteD. Emily Bronte53.Which of the following writers belong to critical realists? ________A.Charles DickensB. Charlotte BronteC. Emily BronteD. Thomas Hardy54.________ wrote a number of little sketches of “cockney characters”. He signed them “Boz”, which was hisnickname for his young brother. His first book, Sketches by Boz appeared in 1836.A.Elizabeth GaskellB. William M. ThackerayC.Charles DickensD. Jane Austen55.________ has been called “the supreme epic of English life.”A.A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC.Pickwick PapersD. Oliver Twist56.The theme underlying ________ is the idea “Where there is oppression, there is revolution”.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC.Pickwick PapersD. Oliver Twist57.In the Victorian Age, poetry was not a major art intended to change the world. The main poets of the agewere ________.A.Alfred TennysonB. Robert BrowningC.Mrs. BrowningD. Robert BurnsE.William Blake实用文档58.The ________ Movement appeared in the thirties of the 19th century. It showed the English workers wereable to appear as an independent political force and were already realising the fact that the industrial bourgeoisie was their principal enemy.A.EnlightenmentB. RenaissanceC.ChartistD. Romanticist59.Which novel is a great satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher societyregardless of the social reality? ________A.A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC.Great ExpectationD. Dombey and Son60.Charles Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of the novel ________.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB. Great ExpectationC.Hard TimesD. David Copperfield61.________ is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the author Dickens in which the early life of thehero is largely based on the author’s early life.A.Tom JonesB. David CopperfieldC.Oliver TwistD. Great Expectation62.The Bronte sisters are ________. They were all talented writers and all of them died young.A.Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC.Anne BronteD. Jane AustenE.Catherine63.Charlotte Bronte produced four novels: ________.A.ProfessorB. Jane EyreC.ShirleyD. VilletteE.Agnes Grey64.Emily Bronte wrote only one novel entitled ________.A.Wuthering HeightsB. Jane EyreC.EmmaD. Agnes Grey65.Choose the names appear in the novel Jane Eyre. ________A.Jane EyreB. Mr. RochesterC.Mary BartonD. Silas Marner66.Which characters appear in the novel Wuthering Heights? ________A.HeathcliffB. CatherineC.HindleyD. CathyE.Hareton67.In the novel Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte ________.A.pours a great deal of her own experienceB.criticises the bourgeois system of educationC.shows that true love is the foundation of marriageD.shows that women should have equal rights with men68.Women novelists began to appear in England during the second half of the ________ century.A.17thB. 18thC.19thD. 20th69.Anne Bronte also wrote two novels ________ and ________.A.ShirleyB. VilletteC.The Tenant of the Wildfell HallD. Agnes Grey70.Which of the following statements are true about Jane Eyre? ________A.One of the central themes of the book is the criticism of the bourgeois system of education.B.Another problem raised in the novel is the position of women in society.C.This book is Charlottel Bronte’s best literary production.D.In this book, the author attacked the greed, petty tyranny and lack of culture among the bourgeoisie andsympathised with the sufferings of the poor people. Her realism was coloured by petty-bourgeois philanthropy.71.Most of Robert Browning’s important works, including ________, are written in the form of dramaticmonologue.A.Dramatic LyricsB. Dramatic RomancesC. Men and WomenD. dramatics Personae72.Thomas Hardy is one of the representatives of English ________ at the turn of the 19th century.A.critical realismB. pre-romanticismC.neo-classicismD. new romanticism73.Which statement is true? ________A.Thomas Hardy is a famous novelist.B.Thomas Hardy is also a poet.C.Thomas Hardy is a critical realist.D.Fatalism is strongly reflected in Thomas Hardy’ novels.74.According to Thomas Hardy’s own classification, his novels divided themselves into three groups. They are________.A.Novels of character and environmentB.Romances and FantasiesC.Novels of IngenuityD.Working class literature75.Novels of character and environment are also called Wessex novels, taking the southwest counties ofEngland for their setting. They include: ________.A.Under the Greenwood TreeB. The Return of the NativeC.The Mayor of CasterbridgeD. Tess of the D’UrbervillesE.Jude the Obscure76.The following statements are about Thomas Hardy’s novels, which are true? ________A.His Wessex novels are of great significance.B.The Southwest counties of England are the setting of his Wessex novels.C.There is pessimism in his novels.D.Mankind is subjected to hostile and mysterious fate.E.There are elements of naturalism in his works.77.Oscar Wilde is one of the important dramatists in the 19th century. In his comedies, he criticises the upperclass of the English bourgeois society. His best comedies are ________.dy Windermere’s FanB.A Woman of No ImportanceC.An Ideal HusbandD.The Importance of Being EarnestE.The Picture of Dorian Gray78.Oscar Wilde was the representative among the writers of ________.A.aestheticismB. decadenceC.critical realismD. pre-romanticism79.Alfred Tennyson’s poetic output was vast and varied. His main poems are ________.A.The PrincessB. MaudC.In MemoriamD. Idylls of the KingE.Crossing the Bar80.Which of the following short poems was/were written by Alfred Tennyson? ________A.Break, Break, BreakB. Crossing the BarC.The EagleD. Sweet and LowE.Tears, Idle Tears81.Which lament was written by Alfred Tennyson for the death of his friend Hallam? ________A.In MemoriamB. LycidasC.AdodaisD. Elegy written in a Country Churchyard82.My Last Duchess is ________.A.a dramatic monologueB. a short lyricC.a novelD. an essay83.________ are generally regarded as Joseph Conrad’s finest novels.A.Lord JimB. NostromoC.YouthD. The Old Wives’ Tale84.Who is regarded as a forerunner of the “stream of consciousness” literature in the 20th century?A.John GalsworthyB. Henry JamesC.Thomas Stearns EliotD. James Joyce85.George Bernard Shaw’s essay ________, a commentary on Henrik Ibsen’s dramatic works, served also as theauthor’s own program of dramatic creation.A.Widower’s HousesB. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC.Major BarbaraD. The Quintessence of Ibsenism86.In English literature, ________ and ________ are the two best-known novelists of the “stream ofconsciousness” school.A.David Herbert LawrenceB. Robert TressellC.James JoyceD. Virginia Woolf87.________’s admirers have praised him as “second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of English language.”实用文档A.D.H. LawrenceB. T.S. EliotC.James JoyceD. W.B. Yeats88.________ is the climax of Virginia Woolf’s experiments in novel form.A.The WindowB. Time PassesC.To the LighthouseD. The Waves89.Which of the following novels belong(s) to the “stream of consciousness” school of novel writing?A.UlyssesB. Finnegans WakeC.To the LighthouseD. The Waves90.________ was written by James Joyce.A.The Portrait of an Artist as a Young ManB.Portrait of a LadyC.The Picture of Dorian GrayD.To the Lighthouse91. D.H. Lawrence’s representative work ________ was positively taken as a typical example and livelymanifestation of the Oedipus Complex in fiction, as the result of Lawrence’s long-range study of the psychologic theories of Sigmund Freud.A.Sons and LoversB. The RainbowC. Lady Chatterley’s LoverD. Women in Love92.Which of the characters are in the novel Sons and Lovers?A.Mrs. MorelB. PaulC. MiriamD. Clara93.Which of the following writers were from Ireland?A.George Bernard ShawB. Jonathan SwiftC.James Joyce Oscar WildeE.W.B. Yeats94.Which of the following play(s) was/were NOT written by George Bernard Shaw?A.Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionB. Widower’s HousesC.Major BarbaraD. PygmalionE.The Man of Property95.Which of the following plays deals with the story that a linguist trains a flower girl to speak the so-calledhigh-civilised English?A.Major BarbaraB. PygmalionC.Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionD. Man and Superman96.In 1923, ________ was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.A.William Butler YeatsB. Samuel ButlerC.Thomas Stearns EliotD. David Herbert Lawrence97.William Butler Yeats was _______.A.an Irish poetB. a dramatistC. a criticD. a senator in the Irish Free State in 192198.Thomas Stearns Eliot defined his belief as ________.A.classicist in literatureB. royalist in politicsC.Anglo-Catholic in religionD. all of the above99.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A.Thomas Stearns Eliot was born in America.B.Thomas Stearns Eliot became a British subject in 1927.C.Thomas Stearns Eliot was educated in Harvard University and Oxford University.D.Thomas Stearns Eliot was a poet, a critic and a playwright.E.Thomas Stearns Eliot was also a great novelist.100.In which poem are the sterility and chaos of the contemporary world after 1st World War expressed?A.Ode to the West WindB. The Solitary ReapermiaD. The Waste LandKeys:1-5: A, D, D, A, A 6-10: B, B, D, D, ABCD11-15:ABCD, D, D, C, B 16-20: C, ABC, AB, D, ABCD21-25: ABCD, ABCDEFG, B, A, B 26-30: D, D, AD, D, B31-35: D, BC, D, B, ABCDE 36-40: C, ACD, ABD, ACDE, A41-45: D, C, B, B, D 46-50: A, D, BCDE, ABCDEF, D51-55: A, B, ABCD, C, C 56-60: A, ABC, C, C, A61-65: B, ABC, ABCD, A, AB 66-70: ABCDE, ABCD, C, CD, ABCD71-75: ABCD, A, ABCD, ABC, ABCDE76-80: ABCDE, ABCD, AB, ABCED, ABCDE81-85: A. A. AB, B, D 86-90: CD, C, D, ABCD, A 91-95: A, ABCE, ABCDE, E, B 96-100: A, ABCD, D, E, D。
欧美精品文选期末考试
一、连线题(G)1. John MiltonA. The Canterbury Tales (E)2. Samuel JohnsonB. Mrs. Warren's Profession (A)3. Geoffrey ChaucerC. Joseph Andrews (H)4. Jane AustenD. She Stoops to Conquer (D)5. Richard Brinsley SheridanE. A Dictionary of the English Language (B)6. George Bernard ShawF. Song of Innocence (F)7. William BlakeG. Samson Agonistes (I)8. Robert BurnsH. Pride and Prejudice (J)9. Thomas HardyI. My Heart ’s in the Highlands (C)10. Henry FieldingJ. Tess of the D ’Urbervilles二、选择题B1. Which type of the text would you consider as literature? A. newspaper stories B. short storie C. business letter D. memo. A2. The greatest poet of the Middle English period is ______,the father of English poetry.A.Geoffrey ChaucerB.John LylyC.William LanglandD.John MiltonA3. “A Red Red Rose” is known as “ballad stanza”. This poetic form usually contains ______ rhymed lines in each stanza.A. 4B. 6C. 2D. 8D4. Hamlet, Othello and King Lear are well-known tragedies by Shakespeare, together with ______.A. Merchant of VeniceB. Midsummer Night’s dreamC. As you Like itD. MacbethB5. “Wuthering Heights” is a house where the main characters live ______ according to the novel.A. on a plainB. on a moorC. in a valleyD. in a hillA6. In 1066, _________led the Norman army to invade and defeat England.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. ClaudiusB7. Modern English poetry begins with __________. A. Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. John MiltonD8. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of____.A. Piers PlowmanB. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. Confessio AmantisD. The Canterbury TalesC9. During the Renaissance, _______ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry.A. ChaucerB. John DonneC. Thomas WyattD. Earl of SurreyA10. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries.A. 14th...mid-17thB. 14th...mid-18thC. 16th...mid-18thD. 16th...mid-17thC11. "If Winter comes,can Spring be far behind?"This is written by ______,one of the leading Romantic poets.A.John KeatsB.William WordsworthC.Percy Bysshe ShelleyD.William BlakeB12. John keats' famous poem______expresses the contrast between the happy world of natural loveliness and human world of agony.A."Endymion"B."Ode to a Nightingale"C."Ode on a Grecian Urn"D."Ode to Psyche"D13. The Victorian Age was largely an age of________ eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. proseC14. _______ is known as “the poet’s poet”.A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Edmund Spenser D. John Donne A15. John Milton’s masterpiece—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of _____.A. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnetsC16. Tales form Shakespeare was written by _____.A. Charles LambB. William HazlittC. Charles Lamb and Mary LambD. Wordsworth and ColeridgeA17. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of _______ and pathos .A. humor B. satire C. passion D. metaphor A18. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of_______, who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. property B. justice C. morality D. humorA19. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel, ________ has been rega rded as “Father of the English Novel”.A. Henry Fielding B. Daniel Defoe C. John Bunyan D. James JoyceA20. Walden is a ________.A. Transcendentalist work B. epic in prose C. lyric poem D. short storyA21. ________ is considered Mark Twain's greatest achievement.A. The Gilded AgeB. Innocents AbroadC. The Adventures of Tom SawyerD. Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD22. Shelley's greatest achievement is his four-act poetic drama ________.A. AdonaisB. To a SkylarkC. A Song: Men of EnglandD. Prometheus UnboundD23. In his novel, Robinson Crusoe, Defoe eulogizes the hero of the ________?A. aristocratic classB. enterprising landlordsC. rising bourgeoisieD. hard-working peopleA24. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty ” is an epigrammatic line by___.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy ShelleyB25. At the beginning of Pride and Prejudice, the attitude of Darcy and Elizabeth toward each other is that of ___.A. mutual affectionB. mutual repulsionC. mutual hatredD. mutual indifferenceA26. “art for art’s sake” was put forth by ______.A. aestheticism B. naturalism C. realism D. neo-romanticismB27. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT________.A. DublinersB. Jude the ObscureC. A portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD. UlyssesC28._________ belonged to the stream of consciousness .A. D. H. Lawrence B. James Joyce C. Virginia Woolf D. T. S. EliotA29. “Ode to the W est Wind” was written in ________ combined with sonnet form, which was a great artistic creation by Shelley.A. Terza RimaB. Blank VerseC. Dramatic MonologueD. OdeD30. Which of the following statements best describes Gulliver's Travels?A. Gulliver's Travels is a book of satire.B. Gulliver's Travels is a book of adventurous journeys.C. Gulliver's Travels is a realistic representation of 18th century England.D. Both A and B.A31. Which of the following novels by Virginia Woolf cannot be subsumed into the “Stream of consciousness” category?AB WritersWorks (d )1.Oscar Wildea.Lucky Jim (f )2.John Osborneb.Life of Ma Parker (a )3.Kingsley Amisc.A passage to India (b )4.Katherine Mansfieldd.An Ideal Husband (e )5.William Somerset Maughame.Of Human Bondage (c)6.Edward Morgan Forsterf.Look Back in Anger (h )7.John Galsworthyg.The Heart of the Matter (i)8.Jane Austenh.The Forsyte Saga (j)9.William Blakei.Pride and prejudice (g )10.Graham Greene j.The TygerA. The Voyage OutB. Jacob’s RoomC. Mrs. DallowayD. To the LighthouseC32. The theme of "A Woman on a Roof" is the relationship between men and women as well as the relationship between ______ in modern society.A. parents and children B. neighbors C. classes D. workersA33. Shakespeare is known to have used ______ different words. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000 B. 1600 C.20,000 D. 2000A34. Paradise Lost, the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf, is divided into ______ books.A. 12B. 6C. 4D. 10C35. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publicat ion of ______’s Lyrical Ballads.A. Wordsworth and SoutheyB. Coleridge and SoutheyC. Wordsworth and ColeridgeD. Southey and Blake三、名词解释1. Enlightenment: Enlightenment is an intellectual movement in Europe in 18th century. It was an expression of the struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other feudal survivals. It was so called because it considered the chief means for the betterment of the society was the “enlightenment” or “education” of the people.2. Neo-classicism: It was initiated by Dryden, culminated in Pope and continued by Johnson. Neo-classicists modeled themselves on classical, ancient Greek and Latin authors. They wanted to achieve perfect form in literature. They general tended to look at social and political life critically. They emphasize on intellect rather than imagination. They observed fixed laws and rules in literary creation. Poets preferred heroic couplet. In drama, they adhered to three unities, time, place and action. They emphasized on the didactic function of literature.3. (Critical) Realism: Realism is a mode of writing that gives the impression of recording or “reflecting” faithfully an actual way of life. The term refers, sometimes confusingly, both to a literary method based on detailed accuracy of description (i. e. verisimilitude) and to a more general attitude that rejects idealization, escapism, and other extravagant qualities of romance in favor of recognizing soberly the actual problems of life.4. Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in Western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places. Many of the ideas of English romanticism were first expressed by the poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.5. Lake poets: refer to the first generation of romanticism including Wordsworth Coleridge and Southey. They once lived around the lake districts and traversed the similar attitude toward literature, politics and society, beginning as radicals and ending in conservatives.7. Stream of consciousness:（or interior monologue）In literary criticism, stream of consciousness is a narrative mode that seeks to portray an individual's point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character's thought processes, either in a loose interior monologue, or in connection to his or her actions. The introduction of the term to describe literature - transferred from psychology - is attributed to May Sinclair, and is mostly a dead metaphor8. Ballad: A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung. In many countries, the folk ballad was one of the earliest forms of literature. Folk ballads have no known authors. They were transmitted orally from generation to generation and were not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung. The subject matter of folk ballads stems from the everyday life of the common people. Devices commonly used in ballads are the refrain, incremental repetition, and code language. A later form of ballad is the literary ballad, which imitates the style of the folk ballad.10. Epic: A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.四、简答题1．How do you understand “To be, or not to be”? Give your evidence to support your ideas.We all know that, Shakespeare's tragedy almost all have occurred in the noble class, from prince Hamlet, to the old king Lear, from the power of aspiring Macbeth, to Venice. All of them have their extremely inner world, and they lost in their own world.In this kind of drama, hope and despair coexistence, good and evil is complementary, bright and dark opposites. This series of letters are full of the human values, and they stick up Shakespeare's tragedies advocate tone.In fact, in Shakespeare's tragedies, all definitions are ambiguous. Hamlet's death is accompanied by the death of his enemy, lovers, friends and all sorts of ordinary people. The lady Macbeth, King Lear is also faced with the complicated factors of life and world. Everything is under the sort of twisted equation -- "to be or not to be?" Here will never find the answer.2．What are Chaucer’s contributions to English literature?Chaucer's contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter to be called later the "heroic couplet"to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse.Though drawing influences from French, Italian and Latin models, he is the first great poet who wrote in the current English language. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The spoken English of the time consisted of several dialects, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the foundation for modern English speech.5．What are the unique features of Shakespeare’s sonnets?Shakespeare's sonnets are attracted through the ages of many readers because his poems are "sweet". He uses musical beautiful language praises the world’s most beautiful feelings--friendship and love. Poetry mainly involves three characters: poet, "young friends" and "black skin young woman". Shakespeare's sonnets mainly sing and demonstrate the love, the friendship and it expresses the belief to life..6. About “Ode to the Autumn Wind” ?This is one of Shelley’s best known lyrics. The poet describes vividly the activities of the west wind on the earth in the sky and on the sea and the expresses his envy for the boundless freedom of the west wind and his wish to be free like it and to scatter his words among mankind. The celebrate final line of the poem “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” has often been cited to illustrate Shelley’s optimistic belief in the future of mankind.雪莱Shelly（1792-1822）他的作品有：Ozyma nolias，Ode to the west wind，To a skylark，The masque of anarchy，To harriet。
《西方文化导论》(Quiz)
(3) ____was the first emperor in Roman Empire from 27 BC to 14 AD.
A. Caesar
B. Octavian C. Remus D. Pompey
(P.32-33)
(4) The First Triumvirate consisted of ____. A. Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, Sulla B. Pompey, Crassus, Cleopatra C. Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar D. Octavian, Brutus, Marius
In history, Israelite monarchy prospered with the three kings, Saul, ____. A. David and Solomon B. Moses and David C. Jacob and David D. Jacob and Solomon
D. Free Churches
Unit 5
Text True orStudy false _6_5 questions. __ F (1) Since the medieval culture retarded during almost 1000 years development, this period never enhanced Western human civilization in history. __ T (2 three parts after Charlemagne’s death signified the weakening of the centralized system. __ T (3) The spirit of the Goths formed one part of the central features of the Christian Trinity. __ T (4) The hierarchical levels of the priesthood during Medieval Ages begin with the Pope as supreme leader, followed by cardinals, archbishops, bishops and the parish priest.
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连绵不断 就像银河里闪烁的星星一样， 她们沿着湖湾的边缘一直延伸， 无边无尽： 我只一瞥就看见一万朵 一边飘舞一边轻盈地点头。
personification
The waves| beside| them danced, |but they Out-did |the spark|ling waves |in glee: A po|et could |not but |be gay In such |a jo|cund com|pany: I gazed —|and gazed |— but litt|le thought What wealth |the show |to me |had brought:
Wordsworth
, Coleridge and another poet Robert Southey who also lived in the Lake District, the three men became known as the "Lake Poets." Honors: poet laureate in 1843 Death: Wordsworth died at Rydal Mount, April 23, 1850, and was buried in the Grasmere churchyard.
C. Life-long friendship with Wordsworth
In the spring of 1797, Coleridge met and began his long friendship with William Wordsworth. Falling under Wordsworth's spell, Coleridge's creative energies were awakened and he began to devote himself to poetry writing. In 1798, the two men published a joint volume of poetry. Lyrical Ballads, which became a landmark in English poetry. Coleridge’s poem, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,” was included in the volume. The years 1797 and 1798 were among the most fruitful of Coleridge’s life. In addition to “The Ancient Mariner”, he wrote “Kubia Khan”, and “The Nightingale”," which are considered to be his best “conversational” poems.
iambic tetrameter 四步抑扬格 rhyme scheme: ababcc. Meter: iambic tetrameter.
Iambic tetrameter : a line consists of four iambic feet. tetrameter :there are four feet in the line; each line starts with an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed Syllable: iambus. eg: I wan/dered lone/ly as /a cloud
当我躺在沙发上，常常 不论心事沉重，还是思绪空荡， 那片水仙花总闪现在我心中 我那孤独快乐的心灵中 然后我的心就充满了快乐， 并和那些水仙花一起跳起舞来。
III. Samuel Taylor Coleridge
1. His Biographical Information
A.
B. C.
D.
A lonely, sad and mentally precocious boy Enlisted in the 15th Dragoon Life-long friendship with William Wordsworth An Opium Addict
Passive Romantic Poets
William Wordsworth & Samuel Taylor Coleridge
William Wordsworth
(1770-1850)
Life of Wordsworth
Birth
place: born and grew up in a lawyer’s family at Cockermouth in the English Lake District His mother died when he was only eight. His father followed her six years later. He was then taken by his uncles. 1787-1791, St. John’s College of Cambridge with his uncle’s financial aids and received B.A.degree.
Main works
Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》，1798. a joint work of Wordsworth and his friend Coleridge. The publication of Lyrical Ballads marks the beginning of the Romantic Movement in England. பைடு நூலகம் 2. Poems on Nature and Country Life “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud “独自漫游似 浮云” “The Daffodils” “The Solitary Reaper” “孤独的收割者”
Family:
Education:
Experiences:
1790-1792, he twice visited France and was fired by a passionate belief of French Revolution and the republican ideal . And It was there that he had a love affair with Annette Vallon who bore him a daughter shortly before his return to England. Lake poets: Disappointed with the French Revolution, Wordsworth chose to live in the Lake District with his sister Dorothy. In 1797, he made friends with Coleridge and they became very good friends. They collaborated on a book of poems entitled Lyrical Ballads in 1798.
B. Enlisted in the 15th Dragoon
However, he found the school an excellent one, for it gave him the intellectual nurture he needed, as well as a lifelong friend, Charles Lamb. But the university life at Cambridge bored him. He fell into idleness, had trouble with his instructor, and got into debt. In despair, he betook himself to London and enlisted in the 15th Dragoon, but was discharged after a few months and returned to Cambridge, where he finished his study however, but left without a degree.
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 我好似一朵流云独自流浪 I wan|dered lone|ly as| a cloud That floats |on high |o’er vales |and hills, When all |at once |I saw| a crowd, A host, |of gold|en da|ffodils; Beside |the lake, |beneath| the trees, Fluttering |and dancing |in the breeze.
A. Lonely, sad and mentally precocious boy
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (17721834) was born in Ottery St. Mary, Devonshire, the son of a clergyman. At the age of nine, his father died. One year later he was sent away to school at Christ’s Hospital in London and seldom went back home. He was a lonely, sad and mentally precocious boy,
Inspired by the radical thinkers with their idealism, Coleridge joined Robert Southey in a Utopian plan of establishing an ideal democratic community in America, named “Pantisocracy”. The plan resulted in nothing but his marriage to Sara Fricker, which turned out to be an unhappy one.