2020中考初中英语单选完型填空解题20招

2020中考初中英语单选完型填空解题20招
2020中考初中英语单选完型填空解题20招

中考初中英语单选完型填空解题20招

单项选择题是这些年来中考英语试卷一直采用的一种题型。在英语中考过程中,单项选择的题型虽然比较简单,但是同时,这种题型包含了词汇、固定搭配、词形变化和语法等多方面知识。

一道单项选择题,不再是单独地测试某一知识点,而是将几个知识点综合起来进行能力考查。

初中英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。

学生如果想在单项选择方面少丢分,甚至不丢分,在掌握基础知识的前提下,还需要掌握一些必要的解题技巧。

先做好以下几个方面:

1.牢记考试需要掌握的单词和固定短语,同时要熟悉单词的词性和词形变化。

2.掌握名词可数与不可数,可数名词的单复数形式。

3.根据上下文正确使用连词。

4.熟练掌握英语中的就近原则和主谓一致原则。

5.掌握介词的使用方法。

6.熟悉日常交际英语。

7.熟悉人称代词的各种形式以及它们所做的句子成分。

8.准确使用定冠词和不定冠词。

9.仔细区分同义词和同形词。

10.掌握一定数量的固定句式。

11.牢记动词和介词、副词的固定搭配。

12.熟悉上下语境。

直接利用相关语法知识,通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。例:

--Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me﹖

--Sorry.My mother always tells me______ there.

A.not go B.go C.not to go D.to go

根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式,即tell sb.not to do sth.,故此题应选C。

许多题目中都有这样一些词,它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词key words。找到句中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口,例:

--He hardly hurt himself in the accident,______ ﹖

A.doesn't he

B.didn't he

C.did he

D.does he

该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly,never,little,few等否定意义的词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加s,应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。

My cousin and I often ______ on Sundays.

A. play football

B. play the football

C. plays the football

D. plays football

在本题中,play football是固定短语,play和球类之间没有任何冠词,所以B和C 同时被排除了。主语是my cousin and I,所以play不加s,D也被排除了。只剩下A是准确答案了。

I like_______very much and I’d like ______with my friends this afternoon.

A. swimming; to swim

B. to swim; swimming

C. swimming; swimming

D swim; to swim

在本题中,考查了两个固定短语,前者是like doing,后者是would like to do,分辨清楚这两个短语结构,就能准确选出A。

Is the elephant from___?

A. African

B. Africa

C. Asian

D. Indian

在本题中,from是介词,如果学生能够掌握在英语中介词后面只能使用名词、代词和动名词,就能准确地选出B,因为四个选项中只有B项是名词,其他三项都是形容词。本题没有上下文,不知道大象来自哪个洲,只和词性有关系。词性选对了,答案也就对了。

Wang Dan is ________ English teacher in ______ university.

A. a; an

B. an; an

C. an; a

D. a; a

在本题中,English第一个音是元音,所以用an;university虽然首字母是元音字母,但是第一个音是辅音,所以它前面应该用a,因此标准答案是C.

如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用"如果A对,那么B也对"的类推法,从而可将A、B予以否定,例:

--Who's the man at the door﹖

-- ________.

A.He is a doctor

B.He is a friend of mine

C.He is a famous singer

D.He is twenty

仔细分析备选答案就可发现:A、C选项针对的是"职业"。若A是对的,那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。

I don’t watch TV____the evening,but I do it____ Saturday evening.

A. on; in

B. on; on

C. in; in

D. in; on

在晚上是in the evening,在周六是on Saturday,在周六晚上使用on Saturday evening,所以本题答案应是D。

I bought my son a birthday present,_____he liked it very much.

A. or

B. but

C. and

D. so

这四个连词,or表示否则,but表示转折,and表示递进和并列,so表示因果。在本题中,我给儿子买了生日礼物,他很喜欢,后者和前者之间应该是递进和并列关系,所以答案是C。

___is my friend. ________name is Tom.

A. She; Her

B. Her; She

C. He; His

D. His; He

在本题中,通过选项我们能看出,本题考查人称代词的几种形式。第一个横线缺少主语,所以应该是人称代词的主格形式,答案应该在A和C当中,第二条横线缺少一个定语,应该是形容词性的物主代词,A和C的第二个词都是物主代词,关键要看是男是女了,后面出现了Tom,是个男孩名字,所以答案是C。

His_____are very fine.

A. home

B. house

C. family

D. room

在本题中,四个选项都是“家”。但是它们侧重点不同。home表示“家”,指一家人共同生活的地方;house 指“住宅”;room指“房间”;family指“家人”。能够身体好的只能是家人,所以答案是C.

此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案,例:

-- He isn't a teacher,is he?

--_____ . He works in a hospital.

A.Yes,he is

B.No,he isn't

C.Yes,He isn't

D.No,he is

本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答,我们知道"他"的身份不是教师;对反意疑问句的回答要根据实际情况。因此应选择的是B。

根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪,例:

The girl asked the teacher_____ .

A.what does the museum looks like

B.what did the museum look like

C.what the museum looks like

D.what the museum looked like

本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态,故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误,所以D为正确答案。

Neither she nor I ____there last week.

A. was

B. were

C. am

D. are

在英语中就近原则,是指谓语和靠近的名词和代词(有时不一定是主语),在“人称、数”上一致。如there be+句型; or; either ...or; nor; neither...nor; whether...or; not...but; not only...but als

o等,在这些句型中,往往使用就近原则。在本题中,距离谓语最近的主语是I,所以谓语要和I 保持一致,本题有明显的时间状语last week,所以答案应是A。

He hasn’t got ____apples____bananas.

A. some; or

B. any; or

C. some; and

D. any; and some

用于肯定句中,any用于否定句中;and用于肯定句中,or用于否定句中,在本题中,题干是否定句,所以答案是B。

思维定势,指的是我们习惯性的思维方式。大家在做题时往往会受固定搭配,习惯用法等思维方式的影响,凭着经验或感觉快速解题。

当然,这有利于提高解题速度,但有时也会把学生的思维引向“歧路”。现举例分析,以引起大家注意。如:

1.Shanghai is larger than ___________ city in Jiangsu.

A.any

B.any other

C.other

D.one

仔细分析该题,就会发现本句中两个比较的双方Shanghai和Jiangsu是“相互不包含”关系。此句实际是Shanghai与Jiangsu的任一个城市进行比较,故选A。

2.There are a lot __________ apples in this basket than in that one.

A.most

B.more

C.of

D.much

此题学生往往会受短语a lot of的影响而选C,仔细研读该题则会发现此句是一个比较句型,句中的a lot实际上是用来修饰比较级的,该题的正确答案为B。

3.What did you ___________ at the meeting yesterday?

A.speak

B.tell

C.say

D.talk

这道题学生一看会根据“在会上发言,speak at the meeting”这一短语而选A。实际上这一句的意思是“你昨天在会上讲什么了?”疑问词what在句中作动词say的宾语,指说的内容,故选取答案C。

4.The bus is coming.Let's___________.

A.get it on

B.get it off

C.get on it

D.get it off

此题容易受“动词+副词”短语的影响,把代词放在此结构的中间,而选答案A。表示上/下车时,此时on/off是介词,需要把代词放在on/off的后面,所以答案为C。

5.I'd heard a lot _________England.Some things were as I thought.

A.of

B.about

C.to

D.for

此题表面一看很简单,根据短语 a lot of 选答案A。再看看句意,“我听说许多英国”,则发现正确答案为B,意为“听到很多有关英国的情况,有些正如我想的一样”。

6.--Must I finish the work before five o'clock?

--No.You ___________ finish it before eight.

A.mustn't

B.needn't

C.can't

D.can

对must引导的一般疑问句否定回答常用No,you needn't.结构。但细细分析本句,就可以从标点看出No和它后面的部分实为两个句子,结合句意,可知答案为D。

7.Can you_____ it in English?

A.speak

B.say

C.tell

D.talk

一看到English,就联想到讲语言用动词speak,而选答案A。此题实际上是“你会用英语表达它吗?”此时in English译为“用英语”,在句子中作方式状语,而it是say的宾语。因此选C。

8.There ________a film tomorrow evening.

A.will have

B.have

C.is going to be

D.has

此句意思很明显,“明天晚上有电影”。“有”易受汉语影响而选答案A。实际上本句应用There be句型。

很多同学都抱怨完形填空难。确实,从整篇试卷来看,完形的难度属于中等偏上,拿高分或满分不那么容易。但如果答题步骤和方法对了,也可以起到事半功倍的效果,缩短与满分之间的距离。

一. 解题步骤

【第一步】

要快速通读全文,了解文章大意,正确分析、归纳文章主旨。

【第二步】

在理解文章大意基础上,对每道题所给的词语进行剖析,考虑语境,上下呼应,运用逻辑思维进行推理,再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等,先完成简单的,把难的留在后面。

【第三步】

再细读全文,集中精力解决难点,填补空缺。

【第四步】

答题完毕,遵循由整体到局部、由局部到整体的规律,再耐心通读全文,认真复查所选答案是否得当,语法是否正确,逻辑推理是否合理。

二. 解题技巧

【技巧1】前后照应

利用上下文信息,选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。

在做四选一的完型填空时,我们有时会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通,遇到这种情况,我们应细读上下文,正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。试看以下例题:

【例1】What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live______ , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows an d sheep.

A. in a town

B. on a farm

C. on a busy street

D. in a city

【解析】B 本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。从四个选项来看都是可能的,语法上都说得通。但通过下文my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and shee p.提示我们可以知道作者生活在农村,正确答案选B。

【例2】I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking. What a wonderful smell! I used to _______ ,wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast wo uld be waiting for me on the table.

A. leave the bed

B.lie in bed

C. jump out of bed

D. get up

【解析】C 本段讲每天早上妈妈煮的早餐发出诱人的香味,使得躺在床上的我立即起床。根据题干,A、C、D均和床有关联,但是按上下文情景的提示,此处还要表达作者的一种迫不及待的心情。因此只能选C。

【技巧2】情感态度:较难题

其中形容词,副词中分为三种情感:

(1) 正情感:happy ,amazing等

(2)零情感:fast ,slow ,surprising等

(3) 负情感:sad ,disappointed等

【例】Among them, a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking. I had seen him around, and I knew he was always laughed at. He seemed unsure of himself, and was so pale that it ____ us to look at him.

A. worried

B. surprised

C. taught

D. hurt

【解析】D 由上文的描述可知,他的脸色是如此苍白,以至于看着他会让人难受。故选择形容词h urt。

【技巧3】固定搭配

【例1】On the train, Tom was looking 1 for his ticket because the conductor was co ming 2 to his ticket.

1.A. out

B. forward

C. anywhere

D. everywhere

2.A. down

B. up

C. in

D. on

【解析】第一空格指Tom在火车上到处找车票,因此选D。everywhere为最佳答案,anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中。

第二空格意为列车员上前查票,走到某人面前come up to sb.为固定词组搭配,因此选B。

【例2】Whenever I’m __ __, I still look back at that yearbook.

A. away

B. out

C. behind

D. down

【解析】本文讲述了一位叫Ricky的学生的前后变化:从经常被大家嘲笑,没有自信到充满自信并被大家喜欢。此题为本文最后一题,想表明每当我遇到挫折时,总会想起那天的事情。be down,固定搭配,表示情绪低落的。

【技巧4】词义辨析

在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。

在做此类题目时,必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳,或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。

在做首字母完型填空时,尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及词组搭配。

【例】A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they we re having meetings. Do you _________what he means?

A.think

B. guess

C. know

D. understand

【解析】C 本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着。本题问的是你知道他说话的含义吗。

【技巧5】中心主旨

文章中最后一句通常为积极的态度或观点。

【例1】I had wanted to become president of Student Council to make a difference. I achieved that and more by working as a member of Jeff’s team. He became the most popular candid

英语中考英语完形填空及答案经典

英语中考英语完形填空及答案经典 一、中考英语完形填空(含答案详细解析) 1.阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 A gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in China. After greetings, the gift should be passed immediately to the host. Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives 1 . To show the respect, it may be 2 to explain what the gift is. Bringing some nutrients and tonics (营养品、补品) to the elders in the family is a good idea. You can 3 prepare some small gifts for the spouse (配偶) or kids of the host. The host usually makes full 4 by carefully tidying up the house and 5 a lot of delicious dishes. 6 the meal is well prepared, the host may say to the guest politely, "My preparation is not enough, please excuse me for my poor treat." As a guest, you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat by praising the food. While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to 7 food for guests as a tradition and ask them to eat 8 . As a guest, you should accept their goodwill readily. But nowadays, the younger people do the traditional way less. After dinner, tea and fruit are usually served. When the guests are to leave, the host may still politely ask them to stay. They don't have to take it 9 and they can try to find a good time to leave. This doesn't mean that leaving early is always a good idea as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat. Finding the right time to leave 10 the situation. 1. A. it B. them C. that 2. A. necessary B. careful C. comfortable 3. A. too B. also C. either 4. A. plans B. decisions C. preparations 5. A. enjoying B. cooking C. washing 6. A. But B. Although C. Because 7. A. cut up B. eat up C. pick up 8. A. more B. less C. many 9. A. completely B. seriously C. probably 10. A. works out B. sticks to C. depends on 【答案】(1)A;(2)A;(3)B;(4)C;(5)B;(6)B;(7)C;(8)A;(9)B;(10)C; 【解析】【分析】短文大意:这篇短文讲的是在中国被邀请去做客时时我们应该带些什么礼物,还有做客时我们要注意的一些行为。 (1)代词辨析。句意:记住通常中国人不会在给礼物的那个人面前打开礼物的。根据Chinese people will not open the gift,可知此处礼物是单数名词,上文出现的单数名词在下文出现时用it代替,it它;that那个;them它们,故选A。 (2)形容词辨析。句意:为了表示尊敬,说明礼物是什么是很必要的。根据常识可知,说明礼物表达的意义是很必要的,necessary必要的;careful细心的;comfortable,舒服的,故选A。

初中英语阅读理解和完形填空高频词

Leadership n.领导力['li:d??ip] length n.长度[le?θ, le?kθ] legal adj.合法的['li:ɡ?l] lap n.圈[l?p] liquid n.液体['likwid] lip n.嘴唇[lip] lifetime n.一生['laiftaim] journal n.日记['d??:n?l] judgment n.判断['d??d?m?nt] joyful adj.高兴的['d??iful] kick v.踢[kik] meanwhile n.& adv.期间['mi:nwail] meantime= meanwhile medium adj中等的n. 媒体['mi:di?m, -dj?m] microphone n.麦克风['maikr?f?un] loyal adj.忠诚的['l?i?l] mature adj.成熟的[m?'tju?] maintain v.保持[mein'tein] historical adj.历史的[his't?rik?l] historic adj.历史的[his't?rik] horrible adj.恐怖的['h?r?bl] guidance n.引导['ɡaid?ns] guarantee v.保证[,ɡ?r?n'ti:] guilty n.有罪的;内疚的['ɡilti] growth n.增长[ɡr?uθ] heaven n.天堂['hev?nli]

harmless adj.无害的['hɑ:mlis]

instruct v.指导;命令[in'str?kt] interactive adj.互动的[,int?r'?ktiv] ignore v.不理会;忽视[iɡ'n?:] impatient adj.没耐心的[im'pei??nt] hunt v.打猎;寻找[h?nt] humor n.幽默['hju:m?] insist v.坚持[in'sist] impression n.印象[im'pre??n] individual adj.& n.个人,个体[,indi'vidju?l, -d??l independence n.独立[,indi'pend?ns] pride n.骄傲[praid] preference n.偏爱(人/物)['pref?r?ns] practical adj.实际的;实用的['pr?ktik?l] possibility n.可能性[,p?s?'bil?ti] profit n.利润['pr?fit] professional adj.职业的[pr?'fe??n?l] rope n.绳子[r?up] scared adj.害怕的[skε?d] rank v.& n.排名[r??k] reaction n.反应[ri'?k??n, ri:-] reflect v.反射[ri'flekt] regret v.& n.后悔[ri'ɡret] reasonable adj.合理的['ri:z?n?bl] realistic adj.现实的[,ri?'listik, ,ri:-] recommend v.推荐[,rek?'mend] mystery n.迷,神秘['mist?ri]

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cheer v.欢呼 chest n.胸腔,胸膛,箱子 claim v. 认领 close adj.亲密的 comfortable a.舒适的,安慰的command vt.命令,指挥,控制common a.普通的,共同的community n.社区 compare vt.比较,对照 complain v.抱怨,投诉complaint n.抱怨,控告 complete v. 完成adj.完整的connect vt.连接,联系 continue vt.继续 control vt.控制,克制n.控制counter n.柜台,计数器countless a.无数的 courage n.勇气,胆量 course n. 课程 crash vi.碰撞,坠落n.碰撞creature n.生物,创造物 crossing n. 十字路口 cube-shaped adj. 立方体形状的culture n. 文化 第三组 dairy n.牛奶场,乳制品dangerous a.危险的 dare vt.aux.v.敢,竟敢 deaf a.聋的 degree n.程度,度,学位 diet n.饮食,食物 direction n.方向,指导 directly ad.直接地,立即disappoint v.使……失望disastrous a.灾难性的,悲惨的discover vt.发现,暴露,显示discuss vt.讨论 disorder n.混乱,骚乱 distance n.距离,远处 distract v. 分散注意力documentary a.有文件的;有证件的double a.两倍的,双的

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I , , . I , I 1 I . I a a (方向), . I ’t , I a 2 . a 3 . I 4 . , 5 (迷惑) (熟悉) I . 6 . I 7 . . a , 8 . I , I 9 . a (侦探). “?” I 10 . “ 11 . ?” I . “ a 12 ,” . “ , a 13 . ! , 14 , I a .” ’s 15 I a I , I ! 1. A. B. C. D. 2. A. B. C. D. 3. A. B. C. D. 4. A. B. C D. 5. A. B. C. D. 6. A. B. C. D. 7. A. B. C. D. 8. A. B. C. D. 9. A. B. C. D. 10. A. B. C. D. 11. A. B. C. D. 12. A. B. C. D.

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