单元综合测试二
四年级上册数学第二单元综合测试卷(含答案)

四年级上册数学第二单元综合测试卷考试时间:70分钟满分:100+10分一、填空。
(每空2分,共28分)1.测量我国的国土面积,用( )作单位比较合适。
2.我国唐代的长安城是当时世界上最大、最繁华的城市,占地面积大约是84平方千米,合( )公顷。
3.晋祠是中国现存最早的皇家园林,占地面积约1300000平方米,合( )公顷。
汾河公园近似长方形,是大型城市生态景观公园,占地2000公顷,合( )平方千米。
4.南阳月季博览园为世界一流月季主题公园,占地面积约为200( )。
南阳府衙是南阳作为历史文化名城的一个标志,占地面积约72000( ).5.在○里填上“>”“<”或“=”。
8公顷○80000平方米 7平方千米○70公顷503公顷○5平方千米 102000平方米○102公顷6.趵突泉的占地面积约为10万平方米,( )个趵突泉的占地面积约为1平方千米。
7.一片长方形的茶园,长25千米,宽800米,这片茶园占地( )公顷,合( )平方千米。
8.在河流上划出水面面积为2公顷的长方形养殖区域,若养殖区域的宽是8米,则养殖区域的长是( )米。
二、判断。
(每题1分,共5分)1.2公顷与20000米一样大。
( )2.欢欢家的房子是四室两厅两卫,面积约有1公顷。
( )3.洞庭湖在古代曾号称“八百里洞庭”,其面积约为2580公顷。
( )4.400米跑道围起来的部分的面积大约是1平方千米。
( )5.“鸟巢”占地面积约20公顷,50个“鸟巢”占地面积约1平方千米。
( )三、选择。
(每题2分,共10分)1.内乡县位于河南省西南部,秦时置县,古称“菊潭”,历史悠久,文化底蕴厚重,总面积约2465( )A.平方米B.平方千米C.公顷2.有两块长方形地,第一块地的面积是8公顷,第二块地的长是440米,宽是200米,这两块地的面积相,( ).A.一样大B.第一块大C.第二块大3.“亩”是计量土地面积的单位,一亩约等于667平方米,1公顷土地大约有( )亩。
统编版五年级上册语文第二单元综合测试卷(含答案)

统编版五年级上册语文第二单元综合测试卷(含答案)五年级上册语文第二单元综合测试卷考试时间:90分钟满分:100分一、读语段,根据拼音写词语。
(7分)2022年7月24日,中国空间站首个实验舱问天实验舱dāch éng( )长征五号B遥三运载huǒjiàn( ),在海南文昌航天发射场发射升空,píng wěn( )进入预定轨道,任务取得圆满成功。
有关部门lǐng dǎo( ) chēng zàn( ),中国航天事业再攀高峰离不开科技工作者们tōng xīn xiélì( )、攻坚克难的拼搏精神。
二、按查字典的要求完成练习。
(3分)“置"用部首查字法查字典,应先查部首_____________,再查画,第八笔是_________________。
“置”在字典里的解释如下。
给下列加点字选择正确的解释。
(填序号)置zhì①放,搁,摆。
②设立,装设。
③购买。
置身( ) 置办日用品( ) 装置电话( )三、选择正确的答案。
(填序号)(14分)1.下列加点字的读音相同的一项是( )A.强硬强逼B.间距间断C.削皮削弱D.划分划归2.下列词语搭配不恰当的一项是( )A.摆放搭石保持平衡B.抵御准备浩瀚的太空C.转移群众解决难题D.打击敌人毒辣的法子3.下列句子中加点词语运用不恰当的一项是( )A.浩瀚的宇宙中有不计其数的星球。
B.不要把别人的关心和帮助当作理所当然。
C.这块石头经历了多年的风吹雨打,依然完好无缺。
D.大丈夫要言而有信,做到“一夫当关,万夫莫开",这样才值得人信赖。
4.“这个时候,奶奶总会在一大早就挎上个竹篮。
”这句话插入下面的语段中,最合适的位置是( )①等到秋季,桐果陆续成熟。
②一夜过后,每天在菜地里都会有不少落下来的桐果。
③走到菜地里,捡拾落在地里的桐果。
④回来后,堆在门前空地上。
⑤桐果成熟的时节,奶奶基本天天能够捡拾一篮回来。
Unit 2 单元综合检测卷(解析版)

Unit 2 单元测试卷(考试时间:90分钟总分:100分)一、单项选择(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)1.—How many times ________ you ________ Mount Tai?—Never.A.have; gone B.have; gone to C.have; been D.have; been to【答案】D【详解】句意:——你去过泰山多少次?——从未去过。
考查have gone/been to区别。
have gone to去了某地;have been to去过;根据答句的“never”可知,此处表示“去过”,“Mount Tai”是名词,此处要用介词to,即用have been to,故选D。
2.We all reached the top of the mountain, ______________ Danny.A.and B.beside C.except D.or【答案】C【详解】句意:除了丹尼以外我们都到达山顶了。
考查except用法。
and并且;beside在旁边;except除……之外;or或者。
根据“We all reached the top of the mountain...Danny”可知此处表示Danny没去。
应用except“除了……以外”。
故选C。
3.—How was your trip to the zoo?—________. I even took some photos with the elephant.A.Terrible B.Anyway C.Exactly D.Fantastic【答案】D【详解】句意:——你的动物园之行怎么样?——非常棒。
我甚至和大象拍了一些照片。
考查形容词和副词辨析。
Terrible糟糕的;Anyway无论如何;Exactly确实是;Fantastic非常棒。
根据“I even took some photos with the elephant”可推断,动物园之行很不错,故选D。
人教版数学小学二年级上册 第二单元综合测试题人教版(含答案)

二年级上册第二单元综合测试题-人教版(含答案)一、填空题1.在横线上填上合适的数。
78-________=8 65+________=85 94-________=88________+50=68 ________-20=40 ________+7=632.48比36多________;34比50少________。
3.比26大37的数是________,62比76少________。
4.依次在横线上填上得数(从左到右,从上到下填写)5.算一算.(1)(2)(3)6.填上“>”、“<”或“=”。
8+54________60 96-50________46 87-29________87-35 71-32________40 96-48________52 63-14________58-9 二、选择题7.一件上衣82元,付给售货员100元,应找回()元。
A. 8B. 28C. 188.()+20<35,横线上最大能填()A. 12B. 14C. 169.一个笔筒15元,妈妈给售货员50元,找回()元。
A. 35B. 25C. 15三、计算。
10.口算61+9=65-8=42-6=75-27=83-29=80-58=74-16=51-11=56-28= 22-14=________11.用竖式计算。
①66-48= ②45+34=③37+63=④42-26= ⑤60-19= ⑥76+15=12.列竖式计算。
(1)36+15=(2)34+49=(3)12+58=(4)29+3=四、看图列式计算。
13.看图列式计算。
(1)(2)五、连一连14.连一连.六、解答题15.果园里有桃树56棵,梨树38棵,桃树比梨树多多少棵?16.一本连环画有78页,聪聪还剩多少页没看?17.小白兔有44个萝ト,送给小灰免16个后,小白兔还有多少个萝ト?18.淘气有58本书,借给笑笑17本,还剩多少本?答案一、填空题1. 70;20;6;18;60;562. 12;163. 63;144.5. (1)90,40(2)53,62(3)32,286. >;=;>;<;<;=二、选择题7. C8. B9. A三、计算。
第二单元综合测试卷(B)

第二单元综合测试卷(B)(时间:60分钟总分:100分)一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共50分) .1-请你判断一下,下列哪位同学的学习方法最能提高学习效率 ( )A、小张每晚都认真预习第二天的功课B.小俐平时不爱看书,但在考试前几天一定会把课本认真地看一遍c.小刘认为老师上课时讲的和参考书中的内容差不多,没必认真听D.把老师讲的每一句话都记下来,并认真记忆2.进入初中后,董杰的数学成绩越来越好,语文成绩却下降了。
妈妈问他原因,他说数学老师讲课很有意思,他很喜欢;而语文老师的上课方式他不太喜欢,上语文课的时候就不想听,慢慢地对语文也没什么兴趣了。
董杰同学对待老师教学的态度是 ( )A错误的。
因为不同老师的教学风格是各有特点的,我们不能因为自己的喜好决定学习态度B.正确的。
不喜欢的东西何必非要强迫自己去做C.错误的。
不想听的可以不听,可以自学嘛D.正确的。
学生的自主性就要体现在敢于为自己作主3.造成很多同学学习时间不够的原因主要是 ( )1A做事拖拉,制定的目标不切实,没有制定学习计划,做事太随意B科目多,实在忙不过来C.老师布置了无法完成的作业D.家务事拖累4.初中生学会自主学习的准确含义是 ( )A、完全摆脱父母的教育和帮助B.全部依靠自觉C.逐步摆脱对父母和老师的依赖,成为一个自主的学习者D.可以上课不听课,课后不做老师布置的作业了,学习全部靠自己的兴趣11.在小学进入初中的过渡阶段,以下做法中你认为不正确的是( )A、向高年级同学、老师、家长请教,吸取经验教训B.调整自己的学习方法以适应新的学习需要C.抽出一定的时间查漏补缺,还清学习中的“欠债”,为学习新知识做好准备D.小学时的学习方法使我保持优异的成绩,相信进入初中也能使我成绩优异12.孔子精通诗书礼乐,喜欢郊游打猎、驾车御马。
恩格斯爱好音乐、写诗、绘画等。
对于兴趣爱好、娱乐休闲认识正确的是( )①其实兴趣爱好可有可无,对学习谈不上什么影响②发展我们的兴趣爱好和特长,培养高雅的情趣,可以促进我们的全面发展③把学习搞好是我们中学生的第一任务,不应该发展兴趣爱好④适当的娱乐休闲不仅不会影响学习,反而可以使我们劳逸结合,提高学习效率 A、①②③ 8.③④ C.②④ D.②③④13.在2008年北京奥运会上,美国游泳队的菲尔普斯独揽八金。
2024年教科版六年级上册科学第二单元综合素质达标测试试卷及答案

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4. 冬天, 生活在杭州的我们常常感觉很冷, 这是因为此 时的太阳直射点在( C ) 。 A. 赤道 B. 北回归线 C. 南回归线
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5. 北京天文馆的傅科摆摆动起来后朝右偏转的现象说明 ( B )。 A. 空气有阻力 B. 地球在自转 C. 地球有重力
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14. 建造高层住宅时, 为了房子一年四季都能晒到太阳, 不 被小区内其他高楼的影子遮住, 我们应该在( C ) 时 测量高楼的影子。
A. 春分
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15. 【嘉兴市平湖区期末】北京时间2023 年9 月21 日15 时45 分, “天宫课堂”第四课正式开讲, 在此期间, 航天员透 过窗户观察不到的现象是( C ) 。 A. 日出日落 B. 地球上有昼夜 C. 地球上有地轴
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二、填空题(每空1 分, 共10 分) 1. 鸡蛋的结构和地球的内部结构相似, 做实验时, 蛋壳可 以看作____地__壳____, 蛋白可以看作____地__幔____, 蛋黄可 以看作____地__核____。
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2. 地轴是倾斜的, 地球公转过程中, 太阳__直__射__点____的不同 会造成地球上气温的不同, 从而形成四季。
11. 【嘉兴市期末】典典在夏至日正午时刻测得校园内某标杆 的影长为45 cm, 如果9 月20 日正午时刻再来测量该标杆 的影长, 结果可能是( C ) 。 A. 25 cm B. 45 cm C. 65 cm
第二单元综合测试卷(B)
第二单元综合测试卷(B)考试时间: 90分钟满分: 120分成绩评定:一、听力。
(20分)A. 听对话回答问题.本部分共有10道小题, 每小题你将听到一段对话, 每段对话听两遍. 在听每段对话前, 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读题目; 听完后, 你还有5秒钟的时间选择你认为最合适的备选答案.()1. What's Peter going to doA. B. C.()2. Which subject does the boy like best .A. B. C.()3. What is John doing nowA. B. C.()4. What's the time nowA. B. C.()5. How will the boy spend his summer vacationA. Take Computer Studies lessons.B. Take a trip to Australia.C. Stay at home.()6. Who has the most English classesA. Peter.B. Kate.C. Jane.()7. What's Laura busy withA. Her homework.B. Her hobbies.C. Sleep.()8. What is Amy going to doA. To talk about skiing.B. To watch others skiing.C. To teach the boy skiing.()9. At what time does Lucy often go to school every morningA. At 6: 45.B. At 7: 00.C. At 7: 15.()10. Where will Jane go before she goes homeA. The Reading Club.B. The library.C. Her friend's home.B. 听对话和短文回答问题.你将听到一段对话和两篇短文, 各听两遍. 听对话或短文前, 你将有时间阅读相关小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 每小题你仍有5秒钟的时间选择你认为最合适的备选答案.听一段对话, 完成第11—12小题.()11. What class will Timmy haveA. Drawing.B. Dancing.C. Piano.()12. How long does one class lastA. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Half an hour.听第一篇短文, 完成第13—15小题. 请根据短文内容, 选择正确答案, 完成信息记录表.()13. A. American B. English C. Canadian()14. A. worker B. waiter C. teacher()15. A. train B. plane C. ship听第二篇短文, 完成第16—20小题.()16. When does Nick's school finishA. At 7: 40a. m.B. At 4: 00p. m.C. At 6: 00 p. m.()17. What subject does Nick like bestA. PE.B. Music.C. Computer.()18. What would Nick like to be in the futureA. A writer.B. A teacher.C. A singer.()19. What can they do during lunchtimeA. Talk to each other.B. Watch TV.C. Both A and B.()20. What does Nick always do on the playground after schoolA. He always plays basketball with his classmates.B. He always meets his friends.C. He always plays games with his classmates.二、单项选择。
部编版三年级语文上册第一、二单元能力综合测试卷(二)(含答案).doc
三年级(上)第一、二单元能力综合测试卷(二)(时间:90分钟满分:100分)班级:姓名:得分:一、读拼音,写字词。
(6分)他带上一hé() yán liào()(),沿着pū()满shuǐ ní()()的shí jìng()()来到山上,绘画着散发着dàn dàn()()清香的jú huā()()。
二、我会给加点字注音。
(4分)1.在我们放暑假.( )时,工商部门开展了一次打击假.( )冒伪劣商品的专项活动。
2.我背.( )着书包去学校。
3.我在海边的沙滩上画了个圆圈.( )。
三、巧手填词语,我能争第一。
(6分)()的颜料()的菠萝()的气味()的衣裳()的菊花()的枫叶四、写出下面句中加点词语的反义词。
(6分)1.下课了,安静..的校园一下子()起来了。
2.小红今天穿的衣服颜色很鲜艳..,可是小明的衣服颜色却很()。
3.孙中山从小就知道懒惰..可耻的道理,所以从小学习就非常()。
五、选择题。
(4分)1.下列词语搭配不正确的是()A.亮晶晶的水洼B.湿漉漉的水泥道C.清脆的水底D.香甜的气味2.下面哪首诗不是描写秋天景色的()A.《山行》B.《赠刘景文》C.《夜书所见》D.《惠崇春江晓景》六、按要求写句子。
(12分)1.天空有一轮明月。
(改为比喻句)2.这件事你知道。
(改为双重否定句)3.溪水哗哗地流着。
(改为拟人句)4.妈妈的话像春风一样温和着他的心。
(修改病句)七、理解课文内容填空。
(10分)1.大家不同、不同,来到学校,都成了。
那的民族服装,把学校打扮得更加。
2.《大青树下的小学》描写小学生欢乐幸福的学校生活,它体现了我国各族儿童之间的。
3.“牧童骑黄牛,歌声振林樾。
,。
”这是清代诗人的作品。
4.读了《不懂就要问》这篇课文,让我感受最深的是孙中山的一句话“。
”我将保持这个学习方法,使自己的学习更上一层楼。
第二单元综合测试卷 2022-2023学年部编版语文八年级下册
第二单元综合测试卷(时间120分钟满分120分)一、积累运用(33分)1.下列词语中划线字的注音全都正确的一项是()(3分)A.孕育(yùn)萌发(méng)农谚(yàn)连翘(qiào)B.雾霭(ǎi)迁徙(xǐ)雉鸡(zhì)香蒲(pú)C.两栖(xī)蟾蜍(chú)衍射(yǎn)追溯(sù)D.龟裂(guī)山麓(lù)沟壑(hè)楔形(xiē)2、下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是()(3分)A.流览次第翩然销声匿迹B.刺槐避免显著风雪裁途C、晴朗侵害纬度周而复始D、海棠融化农谚草长鹰飞3、下列各句中,划线成语使用恰当的一项是()(3分)A.语文课上,王老师将《智取生辰纲》里面的故事讲得惟妙惟肖,同学们都沉浸在其中。
B、六月的洋澜湖畔,花红柳绿,碧波荡漾,人们在这里或漫步,或跳舞,或垂钓,怡然自得,其乐融融。
C、桂林的山有的像雄狮,有的像大象,有的像猛虎,山形奇特,真是巧夺天工。
D、关于如何举办好今年的端午节赛龙舟活动,刚才大家都提了很好的建议,最后我来谈几点想法,就算抛砖引玉吧!4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()(3分)A.中国不仅是共建“一带一路”的倡议者,更是负责任的参与者、有担当的行动者。
B.通过参加这次活动,使我对中国博大精深的书法艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣。
C.《战狼Ⅱ》在影片质感和人物情节方面突破了一大步的跨越。
D.防止大雁不再受到猎杀,需要多方面、多领域齐心协力去努力。
5.下列说法有误的一项是()(3分)A.《大自然的语言》是一篇科学小品文,其作者是气象学家、地理学家竺可桢。
B.阿西莫夫是美国科幻小说家、科普作家,他的《恐龙无处不有》从南极恐龙化石的发现来论证"板块构造"理论。
C.《大雁归来》的作者是英国著名环境保护主义者利奥波德,其代表作是《沙乡年鉴》。
D.《时间的脚印》是一篇科普文,让我们了解了地貌的变化、地质的变迁以及古代生物繁衍、灭绝的信息。
Unit2 单元综合测试(原卷版)
Unit2 单元综合测试(考试时间:100分钟试卷满分:120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2022·海南·嘉积中学高一期末)Here is the latest news from BBC.News OneMore than 90 people are now known to have been killed by destructive tornadoes that swept through the Midwest of the United States on Friday. At least 80 were killed in Kentucky and 14 across five other states.A worker at a Kentucky candle factory told the BBC that many workers had been killed when they worked there. As Peter Bowes reports, what people should do is being discussed when they are warmed that a tornado is on the way. And the owner of that factory has, in fact, been talking about this. But clearly it wasn’t of any use for the people in that building.News TwoThe number of people killed by flash floods in the US state of Tennessee has risen to more than 20 on Tuesday. Now rescue workers are continuing to look for those who are still missing.Record rainfall of more than 40 centimeters in some areas caused widespread flooding. Buddy Frazier is the mayor (市长) of Waverly, one of the worst affected towns. “I’ve been around a long time, and I’ve been through a lot of events here, and this one really shocked me. “ He said.News ThreeHaiti’s civil protection service says around 1300 people are now known to have lost their lives in Saturday’s powerful earthquake which struck the southwest of the country.Hospitals in the area are fighting to cut down the number of the injured, which is almost doubled to around 6000 people. In the cities of Jeremies and Les Cayes, rescuers are trying to locate people still trapped under ruins.1.What is the first news mainly talking about?A.Tornadoes hit parts of the US.B.Tsunamis struck Kentucky, the US.C.V olcanic eruption happened in the US.D.Hurricanes caused great damage to the US.2.What made Waverly one of the worst affected towns that the mayor has ever seen? A.Destructive landslides.B.Terrible sandstorms.C.Flash floods D.Disastrous earthquakes3.How many people have been killed by the powerful earthquake in Haiti on Saturday so far?A.More than 6000.B.Around 1300.C.Around 6000.D.About 3000.B(2021·河南·虞城县高级中学高一期中)Shops were in ruins, houses flattened, and entire villages were destroyed in what’s being described as one of the worst flooding disasters to hit Western Europe in more than two centuries. More than 165 people have been killed, while dozens of others remain missing after a record rainfall caused dams(堤坝)to burst and rivers to overflow into towns and streets across western Germany, Belgium, as well as parts of the Netherlands, Switzerland and northern France.In Liège, Belgium’s third-largest city, water from the Meuse River overflowed Thursday evening into parts of the city center, so city officials had to call for the people to move out of the area or go to higher ground.“I’ve never seen anything like this in my 81 years,” said Pierre Fouillen, an old lady who came to her home Friday morning to check the damage. “This may be the worst flooding disaster our country has ever known. ”Dutch soldiers are sent to the southern city of Limburg as rivers are expected to burst their banks. After more than two months’ worth of rain in just 24 hours, officials are preparing for more rain Thursday, but dryer weather is expected by the weekend.In western Germany, the number of deaths rose to 143. Some of the worst damage has happened in the coutryside of Ahrweiler, where floodwater has cut off entire villages. In the town of Schuld, houses were destroyed, and dozens of people were missing. Transport has also been badly affected by the rain. Most railway services running through central and western Germany have been put off, resulting intraffic jam on the nation’s highways. Parts of southern and eastern Germany have also been hit by flooding.The flooding has made climate change a hot topic for Germany’s upcoming elections(选举)in the fall. Armin Laschet, the most promising candidate(候选人)from North Rhine-Westphalia, called an emergency meeting Friday, for whom the flooding will become a serious test of his leadership.4.Which city was affected by water from the Meuse River?A.Liège.B.Schuld.C.Ahrweiler.D.Limburg.5.How long has the heavy rain lasted in Limburg?A.For twenty four hours.B.For four days.C.For one week.D.For two months.6.Why were the highways crowded in central and western Germany?A.The highways were damaged.B.Too many flights were delayed. C.Most train services stopped.D.Villagers were moved to the highways.7.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.The causes of the flood.B.The damages caused by the disaster. C.The seriousness of the flood.D.The political influence of the disaster.C(2022·河北秦皇岛·高一期末)Winter can usually kill most wildfires. But in the far North,some forest fires just don’t die. They are thought of as “zombie (僵尸) fires”.“Zombie fires” usually sleep underground in winter. Covered by snow, they smoke through the cold. Fueled by carbon-rich peat (泥炭) and soil in the North, most of these hidden fires spread slowly for less than 500 meters during the winter. When spring comes, the flames (火焰) of the fires appear near sites that they burned in winter, and they turn to burning fresh fuels around. This may happen well before the traditional fire season in the far North.“Zombie fires” had been known mostly from firefighters’ stories. Few scientists studied them until details in some satellite images attracted one research team.Rebecca Scholten, a member of the team, studies earth systems at Vrije University Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Her team noticed an unusual thing. “New fires have been starting very close to the former years’ fires in recent years,and we wonder how often the fires might survive the winter,” Scholten explains.These “zombie fires” are rarely seen before, according to a new study from Nature. But in recent years, they are becoming more common, the study warns. It is believed that the “zombie fires” are even on the road of being a threat. Forests in the far North are warming faster than the globe’s average (平均数). Scholten says, “We’re seeing more hot summers and more large fires and strong burning. That could set the stage for the fires to become a bigger problem,” she worries. And the region’s soils hold a lot of carbon—maybe twice as much as earth’s atmosphere. More fires here could give off huge amounts of greenhouse gases. That would drive a cycle of more warming and even higher risk of fires.8.What do we know about the “zombies fires” in the far North?A.They will completely die out in winter.B.Carbon-rich peat helps them burn slowly in winter.C.They often happen after the traditional fire season.D.Their flames can only appear in spring.9.What can we infer from Scholten’s words in paragraph 3?A.“Zombie fires” appear earlier than the years before.B.“Zombie fires” happen far from former years’ fires.C.“Zombie fires” happen more frequently than before.D.“Zombie fires” appear in different shapes every year.10.What was a cause of being a threat for the “zombie fires”?A.The global warming is slowing down.B.The hot summers are less and less seen.C.The area’s soils are short of carbon.D.More greenhouse gases are given off.11.What can be the best title for the text?A.Where Are “Zombie Fires” From?B.Are “Zombie Fires” Frightening?C.Pay Attention To “Zombie Fires”!D.“Zombie Fires” Are Caused By Humans!D(2022·江西·临川一中高一阶段练习)Check out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. As a tsunami approaches the shore, water may move back from the coast. If it is shallow enough, the water may be pulled back hundreds of meters. If you are in the area, observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate as possible. When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast), they slow down but increase in height.An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 14 countries. In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people. The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres (131 feet) in mine areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.The Japanese word “tsunami” literally means “harbour wave”. Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.12.Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?A.The water near the shore is pulled back.B.The water marches towards the coast.C.An earthquake takes place.D.The water near the shore is very shallow.13.In the Tohoku earthquake, over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________. A.the earthquake itself B.the lack of warning systemsC.the tsunami caused by the earthquakeD.the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami14.What does the underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Leave.B.Watch.C.Explore.D.Communicate. 15.What can we learn from the passage?A.There is no sign before the approach of a tsunami.B.More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohoku tsunami.C.Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami.D.The term “tidal wave” is used more often than “tsunami.”第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)(2022·贵州毕节·高一期末)Earthquakes happen without warning (前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. ____16____ However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.____17____ You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. ____18____Also keep away from a fire. ____19____If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees.____20____A.Do not go outside.B.These could fall and hurt you.C.Only a few big ones hurt people.D.Every earthquake can cause disaster.E.You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.F.Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.G.Most people get injured by falling things in an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)(2022·河北·邢台市第二中学高一开学考试)Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter (直升机)when he received a call for help from a stranger. The caller’s brother and her _____21_____ were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater.The caller _____22_____ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds. Aware of the danger to _____23_____ in such bad weather, though, he _____24_____ put the brother’s address into his_____25_____. Soon, he and Among were in the air,_____26_____ for what they were about to see in Waverly.Upon arriving, he found the water below was _____27_____. People were holding on to anything that didn’t move—roofs, trees. The flooding also______28______ cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate the _____29_____ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began ____30____ people on roofs and bridges—anywhere Boyers could _____31_____ and get them onboard. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier while both were _____32_____ in the current (水流). With no place for Boyers to land, he _____33_____ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog to the _____34_____.Though the experience was _____35_____, Boyers admitted it was fun. 21.A.neighbour B.wife C.friend D.daughter 22.A.ordered B.attracted C.begged D.challenged 23.A.pack B.fly C.quit D.swim 24.A.immediatelyB.secretly C.gradually D.creatively 25.A.card B.pocket C.computer D.phone 26.A.unprepared B.intended C.relieved D.recognized 27.A.peaceful B.rapid C.familiar D.clean 28.A.revised B.delivered C.damaged D.registered 29.A.house B.tree C.car D.bridge 30.A.debating withB.adapting to C.commenting on D.searching for31.A.land B.rise C.jump D.look 32.A.training B.exploring C.experimenting D.struggling 33.A.reserved B.lowered C.followed D.designed 34.A.home B.school C.helicopter D.truck 35.A.plain B.awkward C.adventurous D.formal第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)(2022·江苏南通·高一阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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单元综合测试二时间:90分钟满分:110分第Ⅰ卷(选择题共54分)一、选择题(每小题3分,共54分。
每小题有1-2个正确选项)1.下图各装置中,不能构成原电池的是(烧杯中所盛液体都是稀硫酸)()答案:D2.在反应m A+n B p C中,m、n、p为各物质的化学计量数。
现测得C每分钟增加a mol·L-1,B每分钟减少1.5a mol·L-1,A每分钟减少0.5a mol·L-1,则m:n:p为()A.2:3:2B.2:3:3C.1:3:2 D.3:1:2答案:C解析:对于同一反应,用不同的反应物或生成物来表示的化学反应速率的比值等于它们在化学方程式中的化学计量数之比,所以m∶n∶p=0.5a∶1.5a∶a=1 ∶3 ∶2。
3.比较形状和质量均相同的两块硫磺分别在空气中和氧气中完全燃烧的实验现象,下列有关说法中不正确的是()A.在氧气中燃烧比在空气中燃烧更剧烈B.在氧气中燃烧火焰呈蓝紫色,在空气中燃烧火焰呈淡蓝色C.如硫完全燃尽,则在空气中与在氧气中燃烧所用时间不同D.硫在氧气中燃烧火焰温度比在空气中高,是由于硫在氧气中燃烧时产生的热量多答案:D解析:纯氧中氧气浓度大于空气中氧气的浓度,所以,硫在氧气中燃烧更剧烈,更快,所用时间也短。
但是,两种情况下放出的热量一样多。
4.第十一届中国国际环保展览暨会议于2009年6月3日至6日在北京举行。
海外展商有包括美国、法国的23个国家和地区。
大会的主题是“节能减排,和谐发展。
”你认为下列行为中有悖于这一主题的是()A.开发太阳能、水能、风能、可燃冰等新能源,减少使用煤、石油等化石燃料B.将煤进行气化处理,提高煤的综合利用效率C.研究采煤、采油新技术,提高产量以满足工业生产的快速发展D.实现资源的“3R”利用观,即:减少资源消耗(Reduce)、增加资源的重复使用(Reuse)、资源的循环再生(Recycle)答案:C解析:化石燃料(以煤、石油、天然气为主的燃料)属于不可再生能源,且化石燃料的燃烧会产生大量污染物。
所以应尽量提高化石燃料的利用率,而不能只专注于产量,故B正确,C错误,D正确。
开发新能源,寻找替代品是一种较好的研究方向,A正确。
5.在恒温恒容条件下,能使A(g)+B(g) C(g)+D(s)正反应速率增大的措施是()A.减小C的浓度B.增大D的用量C.减小B的浓度D.增大A或B的浓度答案:D解析:在恒温恒容条件下,正反应速率取决于反应物的浓度。
减小反应物或生成物的浓度都会使反应速率减小,而增大固体反应物的用量不会改变反应速率。
所以不可选A、B、C。
6.反应3Fe(s)+4H2O(g) Fe3O4(s)+4H2(g)在温度和容积不变的条件下进行。
能表明反应达到平衡状态的叙述是() A.容器内压强不再变化B.Fe3O4的物质的量不变C.v(H2O)=v(H2) D.反应不再进行答案:B解析:所给反应为气体总体积不变的反应,无论是否达到化学平衡,压强都不变化,A不能表明;Fe3O4的物质的量不变,即单位时间内消耗Fe3O4与生成Fe3O4的物质的量相等,v正=v逆,表明反应已达到平衡状态;由于反应中H2O(g)和H2(g)化学计量数相等,反应平衡与否其反应速率都相等,故C不能表明;显然D中叙述错误。
7.下列各变化中属于原电池反应的是()A.在空气中金属铝表面迅速氧化形成保护层B.镀锌铁表面有划损时,也能阻止铁被氧化C.红热的铁丝与冷水接触,表面形成蓝黑色保护层D.浓硝酸比稀硝酸更能氧化金属铜答案:B解析:A 中只有一种金属,形成氧化铝保护层是由于铝与空气中的氧气直接反应所致;B 中锌、铁两种金属形成原电池,锌做负极,铁做正极,被保护;C 中红热的铁与冷水作用形成铁的氧化物,阻止内部的铁继续被氧化;D 是由于浓硝酸的氧化性强于稀硝酸。
8.物质的量均为1 mol 的气体A 2和B 2放在1 L 的密闭容器中反应生成C,2 min 后,测得c (A 2)=0.58 mol·L -1,c (B 2)=0.16 mol·L -1,c (C)=0.84 mol·L -1,则C 的分子式是( )A .AB 2B .A 2BC .A 3B 2D .A 2B 3 答案:A解析:Δc (A 2) ∶Δc (B 2) ∶Δc (C)=1 ∶2 ∶2,A 2、B 2反应的化学方程式可表示为A 2+2B 2===2C 。
所以,C 的化学式为AB 2。
9.TiO 2在光照射下可使水分解:2H 2O=====TiO 2光2H 2↑+O 2↑,该过程类似植物的光合作用。
如图是光照射下TiO 2分解水的装置示意图。
下列叙述正确的是( )A .该装置将光能转化为电能,同时也能转化为化学能B .铂电极上发生的电极反应为氧化反应C .该装置工作时,电流由TiO 2电极经R 流向铂电极D.该装置工作时,TiO2电极附近溶液的pH变大答案:A解析:该装置光分解水是将光能转化为化学能,发生氧化还原反应,生成氢气和氧气,电子的转移经过R,又将化学能转化为电能;铂电极上生成氢气的反应为2H++2e-===H2↑,是还原反应;TiO2电极上生成氧气的反应为4OH--4e-===2H2O+O2↑。
所以,TiO2电极附近溶液的pH减小;电子由TiO2电极经R流向铂电极,电流方向正好相反。
10.在一定条件下,在密闭容器中进行的反应a X(g)+b Y(g)c Z(g)+d W(g),5min后达到平衡,X减少n mol·L-1,Y减少n3mol·L-1,Z增加2n3mol·L-1。
在其他条件不变时,将容器体积增大,W的体积分数不发生变化。
则化学方程式中各物质的化学计量数之比a:b:c:d应为()A.1:3:1:2 B.3:1:2:2C.3:1:2:1 D.1:3:2:2答案:B解析:根据化学反应中,化学反应速率之比等于化学计量数之比,有a:b:c=n mol·L-1∶n3mol·L-1∶2n3mol·L-1=3∶1∶2。
由于其他条件不变时,体积增大,W的体积分数不变,故该反应应为气体总体积不变的反应,所以当a、b、c分别取3、1、2时,d的值应为2,即a:b:c:d=3 ∶1 ∶2 ∶2。
11.下列说法中不正确的是()①任何化学反应都伴有能量变化②根据能量守恒定律,反应物的总能量等于生成物的总能量③化石燃料在燃烧过程中能产生污染环境的CO、SO2等有害气体④煤转化为煤气后燃烧,可以提高燃烧效率⑤等质量的氢气燃烧生成水蒸气所放出的热量低于生成液态水所放出的热量⑥等质量的硫蒸气和硫粉分别与氧气反应生成SO2气体,硫粉放出的热量多A.①③⑤B.①②③④⑤⑥C.②⑥D.②③④⑥答案:C解析:②错。
根据能量守恒原理,对于放热反应,反应物的总能量等于生成物总能量加上放出的热量;对于吸热反应,反应物总能量加上吸收的热量,等于生成物的能量。
⑤中生成水蒸气可理解为是先生成液态水再液态水气化成水蒸气,因为水气化时是要吸收能量的,所以,生成水蒸气时放出的能量就比生成液态水时放出的能量要少;⑥中,硫蒸气可理解为硫粉吸收热量后沸腾而来,所以,硫蒸气本身能量就比硫粉的能量要高。
12.原电池产生电流的本质原因是()A.电解质溶液中有电离出的自由移动的离子B.有导线将两个活泼性不同的电极连接C.在不同金属的两极间存在电势差D.在原电池中发生了氧化还原反应答案:D13.将金属A和金属B分别放入稀H2SO4中有氢气生成。
若将金属A和金属B相连后投入稀H2SO4中发现A被腐蚀;B未被腐蚀。
关于A,B的叙述正确的是()A.金属活动性A>BB.还原性B>AC.在后者装置中金属A发生还原反应,金属B发生氧化反应D.金属B的表面有明显气泡产生,金属A表面无明显现象答案:A解析:A和B活性不同,插入稀H2SO4中构成原电池,A腐蚀,说明A是负极比B活泼,还原性A>B,A极发生氧化反应,B金属棒中H+发生还原反应,有气泡产生,金属A体积逐渐减少。
14.某同学按如图所示的装置做实验,并把实验情况记录于框内。
你认为框内叙述合理的是()A.①②③B.③④⑤C.③④⑥D.②③④答案:B解析:这是一个原电池装置,Zn为负极,Cu为正极;因为放出氢气,所以电解质溶液的pH升高;H+可以在Zn极上得到没有转移走的电子,而放出氢气。
15.下列条件一定能使反应速率加快的是()①增加反应物的物质的量②升高温度③缩小反应容器的体积④加入生成物⑤加入MnO2A.全部B.①②⑤C.②D.②③答案:C解析:①若反应物为固体,增加量,反应速率不认为加快;②一定加快跟物质状态无关;③加压对固态、液态没有影响;④加入的生成物若是固体没有影响;⑤加入MnO2若作催化剂,则加快,若不是催化剂,则没有影响。
16.I2在KI溶液中存在下列平衡:I2(aq)+I-(aq) I-3(aq),某I2、KI混合溶液中,I-3的物质的量浓度c(I-3)与温度T的关系如图所示(曲线上任何一点都表示平衡状态)。
下列说法正确的是()A.反应I2(aq)+I-(aq)===I-3(aq)的ΔH>0B.若温度为T1、T2,反应的平衡常数分别为K1、K2,则K1>K2 C.若反应进行到状态D时,一定有v正>v逆D.状态A与状态B相比,状态A的c(I2)大答案:BC解析:A项,根据图象可知c(I-3)随温度升高而减小,故升温平衡逆移,根据升温平衡向吸热反应方向移动可知逆反应为吸热反应,正反应为放热反应△H<0;B项,根据放热反应,升温K变小故T2>T1,所以K1>K2;C项,曲线下方的点表示还未达平衡状态且由于c(I-3)处于平衡时在曲线上,故反应向正反应方向进行,故v正>v逆;D项,将A点看成原平衡状态,升温达到B点,则由于升温平衡逆移,故c(I2)B>c(I2)A。
17.在一定温度下,向a L密闭容器中加入1 mol X气体和2 mol Y气体,发生如下反应:X(g)+2Y(g) 2Z(g)。
此反应达到平衡的标志是()A.容器内压强不随时间变化B.容器内各物质的浓度不随时间变化C.容器内X、Y、Z的浓度之比为1:2:2D.单位时间消耗0.1 mol X同时生成0.2 mol Z答案:AB解析:由于该反应正反应是气体物质的量减小的可逆反应(即反应前后气体计量数不相等),压强不随时间变化,表明反应达到了平衡,A项正确;B项为达到平衡状态的标志,也正确;对于C项,当有0.5 mol X和1 mol Y反应生成1 mol Z时,X、Y、Z的浓度之比就为1 ∶2 ∶2,故C项并不能表明反应达到了平衡状态;D项也不符合题意,因为无论是否达到平衡,上述反应在任何时候,消耗0.1 mol X同时一定生成0.2 mol Z。