断句技巧英文翻译
实用翻译教程--换序断句
• 他到底有没有回家我不知道. • ×Whether he has gone home or not , I don’t know. • I don’t know whether he has gone home or not • 会议没能取得一致就结束了. . • The meeting didn't achieve agreement and ended. • The meeting ended in disagreement.
• Never before has our country been as united as it today. • ×以前从来没有我们国家象今天这么团结. • 今天我们国家空前团结. • 发生了这样的事不是你的错。 发生了这样的事 • It’s not your fault that this has happened. • （×That this has happened is not your fault. 这样翻译过于正规，在文体上与原 文不符。）（主语从句换序）
• He witnessed ①the sixth ②post-war ③ economic crisis ④of serious consequence ⑤ that prevailed in various fields ⑥in the USA. • 他亲眼目睹了⑥美国 战后 第六次 后果严重 美国②战后 第六次④后果严重 美国 战后①第六次 波及各领域的③经济危机 的⑤波及各领域的 经济危机 波及各领域的 经济危机。 • （英语原文定语的词序： ①次第定语、 ②时间定 语、 ③本质性定语、★中心词 中心词、④判断性定语、 中心词 ⑤陈述性定语、⑥国别定语； • 汉语译文定语的词序：⑥国别定语、②时间定 语、①次第定语、④判断性定语、⑤陈述性定语、 ③本质性定语、★中心词 中心词） 中心词
断句技巧英文翻译课件
The principle and techniques of presence breaking
Techniques: Some common techniques for presence breaking include
Looking for punctuation marks such as periods, commas, and semiconductors to identify the end of a sentence
• Purpose: The purpose of presence breaking is to help learners improve their reading comprehension, writing skills, and overall efficiency in English By mastering presence breaking techniques, learners can better understand the structure of presence and how they have considered meaning, which can enhance their ability to communicate effectively in both spooks and written English
03
Practical exercises and interla
Analysis and discussion of typical presence
structures
Simple senses
Identify subject, verb, and object to break down the
【同声传译技巧大全】英汉同声传译的常用技巧
【同声传译技巧大全】英汉同声传译的常用技巧英汉同声传译的常用技巧一．断句同声传译首先要减轻记忆负担。
断句技巧的实质是要断得好接得好（即如何迅速合理地把句子断开，然后再自然地把断开的句子重新衔接起来）例句1.icametochinaatanimportanttime.Si：我到中国来访问，正逢一个重要的时刻。
笔译：我是在一个重要的时刻来到中国的。
2.aristotle,thegreatestoftheancientGreekwriters,hadwrittenaworkcontainin galltheknowledgeofhistime.Sia:亚里士多德，这位最伟大的古希腊作家，曾写了一部囊括同时代所有知识的著作。
SiB：亚里士多德是最伟大的古希腊作家，曾写了一部囊括同时代所有知识的著作。
笔译：最伟大的古希腊作家亚里士多德曾写了一部囊括同时代所有知识的著作。
Exercises1.ThespeedofintegrationininternationaltradeofLdcshasbeenslow.ernmentshaveacrucialroletoplayinpromotingsocialhumandevelopme ntandinprovidingthepoorwithnecessaryworkingskills.3.Theywillgetthepreparationdonebeforeconsideringotherproposals.（反说）4.weshallvoteonthedraftdecisionafterwehavevotedontheamendments.(反说)二．词性转换由于英汉两种语言在表达方式上的差别，也由于同传中顺句驱动的需要，适当的词性转换可以使译文通顺自然。
特别是英语非动词（包括名词，形容词，介词，分词等）转成汉语动词，可以说是英汉词性转换中使用最多的类型。
例句见课件Exercises1.abetterknowledgeofthelocalculturewillhelpourwork.2.implementationofinternationalhumanrightsstandardsisextremelyimporta nt.3.Theywanttousemilitaryforceagainstso-calledterroristcountries.(介-动)4.Youandyourcountrywagedalongstruggleforsocialjustice.(介-动)5.Reformersneedtangibleevidenceofrisinglivingstandards.三．等待指的是在Si中有意识地等一下，等到上下文较清楚时才开口翻译。
the last -断句(格式已调)英语翻译
二、断句3、我们必须抓住新的机遇，迎接新的挑战，/采取更加有力的措施，以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开放，力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长。
We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges. We must open ourselves wider to the outside world more actively and resort to more effective measures in an effort to expand foreign trade and attract more foreign funds.4、东方明珠电视塔谓语黄浦江畔、浦东陆家嘴嘴尖上，塔高468米，三面环水，与外滩的万国建筑博览群隔江相望，是亚洲第一，世界第三的高塔。
译文1：The Oriental Pearl Radio and TV Tower is located on a bend of the Huangpu River at the tip of Lujiazui in Pudong. Surrounded by the river on three sides, the tower faces a row of Western buildings of variegated styles on the Bund across the river. It is 468 meters tall (in height), ranking first in Asia and third in the world.译文2：The Oriental Pearl Radio and TV Tower is located on a bend of the Huangpu River at the tip of Lujiazui in Pudong. It is surrounded by the river on three sides and faces a row of Western buildings of variegated styles on the Bund across the river. The tower, 468 meters tall (in height), ranks first in Asia and third in the world.译文3：The Oriental Pearl Radio and TV Tower is located on a bend of the Huangpu River at the tip of Lujiazui in Pudong. It is surrounded by the river on three sides and faces a row of Western buildings of variegated styles on the Bund across the river. The 468-meter-tall tower ranks first in Asia and third in the world.5、承各方的大力支持，华东出口商品交易会一届比一届办得圆满，深受中外客商的注目，现已成为洽谈出口和市场信息交流的重要窗口。
英语语音断句规则
英语语音断句规则“断句”在表达中很重要,话不用说的很快,但却显得很连贯自然;长的句子按照意思的群落即“意群”适当断开、稍加停顿即“停顿”,断开的几部分都具有相对完整的意思;这样,你每一次停顿,别人都会听懂你表达的意思,不至于前言不搭后语;主要是短语,从句,主谓宾等的你首先就要分清,要熟悉.断句的方法：大致按照句子成分“主语、谓语宾语、定语、状语、补足语”的结构断开或停顿1. 有标点的地方常是断句所在;如: John Smith, /our teacher,/ came in/ with a book in his hand. Our teacher 前后逗号隔开,那么一般读的时候这也需要断开;2．一个功能可能是断句所在;如： John Smith, /our teacher,/ came in /with a book in his hand. 从另一个角度讲our teacher 做的是同位语,因此作为一个语调群; Came in 做谓语With a book in his hand 做方式状语, 因此要放在一起作为一个语调群;3. 分句常是断句的地方,如： He did not come to work yesterday/ because he was seriously ill.但是具体地还是要看录音中是如何读的;比如： He did not come to work yesterday/ because he was seriously ill.这个句子的两个分句还可以划分为：英语断句一句分层,连词归后She was arrested 关系代词等也放后面,与从句放一起The findings concern 这些研究结果涉及两形势如何处理语言的Sam came out came out with: say suddenly In 1980, In those days, 英语句子的翻译由于语言具有“形合”的特点,就是说,英语的句子无论多么复杂,都是通过一些语法手段和逻辑手段连接起来的“象葡萄藤一样”的结构;一、句子的拆分怎么拆分正因为英语语法结构和逻辑结构比较明显,在理解英语的时候,我们可以把主句和从句拆分出来,或者把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来;说得更具体一点,可以寻找下面一些“信号词”来对英语句子进行拆分,进而更加有效的理解英语原文：基本原则：把主句和从句拆分出来,把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来;连词：如and, or, but, yet, for等并列连词连接着并列句；还有连接状语从句的连接词,如：when, as, since, until, before, after, where, because, since, thought, although, so that, ......等等；它们就成了理解英语句子的拆分点;关系词：如连接名词性从句的who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever等关系代词和when, where, how, why等关系副词；还有连接定语从句的关系代词,如who, which, that, whom, whose等等；它们也是理解英语句子的拆分点;介词：如on, in, with, at, of, to等介词常常引导介词短语作修饰语,所以它们也是理解英语句子的拆分点;不定式符号to：不定式常常构成不定式短语做定语或者状语修饰语,所以也可以是拆分点;分词：过去分词和现在分词可以构成分词短语作修饰语,所以可以是拆分点;标点符号：标点符号常常断开句子的主干和修饰部分,也是一个明显的拆分点;例如：例1 Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.35词,2003年62题拆分句子：句子的主干是：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry,定语从句：which后面是一个定语从句,其先行词是social science,方式状语：in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner是方式状语,其中的reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned是并列定语,修饰manner,定语从句：that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena是定语从句,其先行词是manner;拆分后句子的总结构是：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and主句定语从句their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner 方式状语that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.定语从句二、句子的组合改变原文顺序,组合汉语译文究竟如何改变原文顺序,完全要根据汉语习惯来安排,但是也是有一定的规律可以遵循的;比如说：这样,上面的两个句子可以把句子重新组合成：例11Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry主干,“社会科学是知识探索的一个分支”；2which seeks to study humans and their endeavors定语从句比较复杂,可以放在所修饰的先行词后面,“它试图研究人类及其行为”；3in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner方式状语,如果照原来顺序放在动词后面不是太通顺,可以放到动词“试图”后面翻译成“它试图以一种;;;的方式来研究人类及其行为”；4that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.定语从句直接放到所修饰的词“方式”前面,“自然科学家用来研究自然想象那样同样的方式”；5这样,整个句子的就可以组合成一个准确而有通顺的译文：社会科学是知识探索的一个分支,它试图像自然科学家用来研究自然现象那样,以理性的,有序的,系统的和冷静的方式来研究人类及其行为;。
断句译法
5. Bad weather prevented us from going camping last weekend. 上周末坏天气阻止了我们去野营。 上周末天气不好，我们没能去野营。 6. His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down for a rest. 他的疲惫和不断增加的热气使他决定坐下来休息。 他疲惫不堪，天气又越来越热。他只好坐下来休息一会。 7. His appointment to the position is still under determination. 对于他的那个职位的任命还在决定之下。 是否任命他担任那个职位，还有待进一步的决定。 8. His failure to observe the traffic regulations resulted in a serious accident. 他在遵守交通规则上的失败导致了一起严重的交通事故。 他不遵守交通规则，导致了一起严重的交通事故。
21. One more sight of it turned one’s mind. 只要多看它一眼，人们就会动心。 22. She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives. 她准备到青岛过暑假，她在那里有一些亲戚。 23. One herdsman, who looks after 800 sheep at most, earns about 600 yuan a year. 一个牧民最多照看八百只羊，一年约挣六百元。 24. The longest glacier so far discovered in China, the Karagul, which is 34 kilometers in length, is located in the northwest of Xinjiang. 卡拉古尔冰川位于新疆的西北部，长34公里，是我国到 目前为止发现的最长的冰川。
断句译法
主语变化处断句 Nhomakorabea汉语往往会同时出现多个不同的主语，英译时 可以根据这一点在主语变换处将原文分开。
Example 1
她隔窗望去，突然发现有只小船停泊在河边， 船里有位船夫睡得正香。 Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep.
Example 2
小平同志讲一百年不变，我们和外商谈的时候，也是 表达这个意向，即我们的合资期限要搞得长一点， （我们）也可以灵活一点，搞不同形式的经济合作。 Deng Xiaoping said there should be no change in one hundred years. When we are negotiating with the foreign investors, we should also convey this intention. That is, the period of the joint venture we are going to establish should be longer. We can be a bit more flexible and we can be engaged in different kinds of economic cooperation.
在总说-分述处断句
健全自己身体，保持合理的规律生活，这是自 我修养的物质基础。 Keep fit, lead a reasonable and regular life. This is the material basis for training.
汉译英断句法
第一节、汉译英的断句汉语是一种“语义型”语言，其句子在很大程度上表现为一种以意合法为主要手段的意念流，断句很不严格。
英译时往往要对原文进行断句处理，使译文语义更加清晰。
所谓断句就是对一个汉语句群中几个短句划分层次，分别译成英语的两个或更多的句子。
断句时主要可以从以下几个角度加以考虑：- 他知道，她丈夫很粗野，经常打她，他心软了，找来工具，费了好半天，帮王二嫂打开了锁。
(同上) - Dongbao knew her husband was very rough and often beat her. Softened up by her words, he dug out some tools and, only after some effort, did he succeed in unlocking the door.分析：这里译者将“他知道……找来工具”断句后，将后半部分“他心软了，找来工具”与后一句合在一起，因为这两句的逻辑关系更为紧密。
- 这是民国六年的冬天，大风刮得正猛，我因为生计关系，不得不一早在路上走。
(《一件小事》)分析：这是一个流水句。
汉语中类似句子俯拾皆是。
可分为三个部分。
第一部分交代时间，第二部分交代天气，第三部分叙述我在路上走。
但第二部分与第三部分之间有隐含的转折关系：尽管大风很猛，我为了生计不得不很早上路。
- It happened during the winter of 1917. A bitter north wind was blowing, but to make a living, I had to be up and out early.华大妈在枕头底掏了半天，掏出一包洋钱，交给老栓，老栓接了，抖抖的装入衣袋，又在外面按了两下，便点上灯笼，吹熄灯盏，走向里屋了。
(《药》)After some fumbling under the pillow, his wife produced a packet of silver dollars which she handed over to him. Old Shuan pocketed it nervously, patted his pocket twice, then lighting a paper lantern and blowing out the lamp, went into the inner room.二、从主语变化处断句一部分地区有条件优先发展起来，一部分地区发展慢点，先发展起来的地区带动后发展的地区，最终达到共同富裕。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
由于工厂人数多，因此员工以实际所领底薪购买社会保险需要分批次改善，现 在已经有部分员工以实际所领底薪购买社会保险。
Due to large numbers of workers,so it need improve step by step to conduct all workers cover insurance based on real wage as some workers are d确 二、断句要准确 三、主语要选准 四、主语的选择 五、重组要全面
一、理解要准确
正确理解原文是正确翻译的关键。如何正确理解原文所传达的内容信息， 始终是汉译英过程中要首先考虑的问题，要求译者要充分理解原文，有 时必须是深刻地理解原文。因此“断句”可以看作是原文梳理地继续。
三、主语要选准
准确断句之后，下一个关键步骤就是选择译文的主语。英语中的主语可以是名 词，代词，名词性短语，从句及别的结构，可以融主题，已知信息施事于一体， 所以汉译英时要首先确立英语句子的主语。主语一旦确定，采用哪种句型也就 落实了，谓语及其变化形式就安排好了，全句的翻译也就可望顺利进行。一句 或长或短的汉语，在什么地方断句才最便于译成英文，这是从无形的理解到有 形的物化表达至关重要的一步。
二、断句要准确
“断句”可以看作是原文梳理地继续。做到这一步的关键在于恰当断句。也 就是确保准确和完整地理解原文的含义，在此前提下进入表达阶段。断句后 决定着成文后的英文句子或者篇章重心何在，是否走题，译文文字是否更容 易做到连贯和协调。在翻译中不要拘泥于原文的句型结构，词语顺序以及词 语的表面词义，全面深入地分析原文的逻辑内在关系，充分理解字里行间隐 藏的含义，这样才有可能做好准确的翻译，因此准确断句是正确理解的实现。
前提条件之一是，在上次安装调试运行中未发现重大的设备质量问题或已有有效 的改进措施。
One of the the premise condition is there are no main quality defect in the former erection, and operation, or have taken effective measures to correct it.×
Due to large numbers of workers, it is necessary to divide them into groups when insurance is to be purchased. The amount of social security insurance will be based on the actual basic monthly salary each individual workers is paid. The purchasing process is now in progress.√
中国积极承接国际产业转移，大力开加工贸易，促进了产业结构优化升级。
China accepts actively international transfer, has vigorously developed processing trade, and promoted the upgrading of industrial structure.×
One of the preconditions shall be that no major quality problems were discovered with the equipment during the previous installation and trial operation or that , if any, effective measures were taken to correct them.√
这些邮件将由北京大兴航油基地装发行邮专列发往全国各地。
These mails packaged by Beijing Daxing Post will be sent to everywhere by Post Train.×
Mail bags are to be transported to other parts of the country from the Post Base in Daxing, Beijing, in postal trains.√
我们将努力开发利用国际，国内两种资源，两个市场，加快转变经济发展方式，坚 持走具有中国特色的新型的工业化道路。
We will make use of domestic and international resources and markets, we should speed up the change of economic development mode, we should stick to the new way of industrialization with Chinese characteristics.×
We will spare little effort in utilizing resources and markets both at home and overseas, in accelerating the switching of our development patterns, and in taking our own way of industrialization with Chinese characteristics.√