高精度的车身检具--三坐标测量机外文翻译

The high accuracy automobile body examines has -- Three coordinates measuringenginesThe automobile body examination is in the automobile industry about the spare part examination important part, this examination directly is relating the entire vehicle outward appearance and the quality Three coordinates measuring engines generally have the high accuracy, the high velocity, the very good flexibility, the very strong dataprocessing and adapt the scene environment ability, is inparticularrich the software function which, unceasingly expands, at present moreand more applications in automobile body examination.The automobile body examines characteristicAutomobile body in processing and in craft assembly process, becauseeach kind of host objective factor can have various error, besidesoperator itself skill and experience and so on subjective factorinfluence, but also has some becausexamination method itself createsinfluence. Some two kind of quite typical situations: First, theautomobile body and its composition each kind of spare part mostly forthe plate work, the work piece rigidity is generally worse, Also on automobile body surface each kind of hole and the relativesize are been at the earth gravity influence the strained condition,if the use tradition survey way and the jig method often are unable tothis kind of nature distortion to survey and the appraisal, even ifsurvey and appraisal, also can appear a bigger deviation. Its two, theautomobile body is the multi- kinds of work in a factory jobassembly system, is very difficult avoids when the single unitexamination to have the deviation.In view of the fact that the above reason, the request which examinesto the automobile body mainly has: Locates reasonably; The holeexamination contains two contents: Aperture size, hole position;Contour inspection: Because this kind of components outline generallyassumes the free curved surface, not characteristic and so on rule,needs to adopt the many kinds of ways according to the specialdetails; Draws a line the way inspection work piece outline, thesituation is similar with the inspection hole; Treats measured thecomponents need to clamp.The tradition examines has generally only aims at a parameterexamination, are many is the manual operation, the working efficiencyis not high. Moreover, the tradition examines has and the examinationhas many insufficiencies with the jig, does not have monitors on theproduction line to move the situation ability, therefore in theautomobile body and so on in the large-scale weldment examination andthe survey application, the tradition examines has has gradually lostthe dominant position, displaces is the high accuracy threecoordinates measuring engine.Three coordinates measuring engines in automobile body examinationapplicationThree coordinates measuring engines are through poke head in thesystem and the work piece relative migration, surveys the work piecetable flour dim sum three dimensional coordinates the measurementsystem. Besides the measuring engine main body part, the system alsoincludes the transportation, the attire clamps and so on to assist thelink, and must in survey software under the coordination to be able tocomplete the request the survey duty. Three coordinates measuring enginesgenerally have the high accuracy,the high velocity, the very good flexibility, the very strong dataprocessing and adapt the scene environment ability, is in particularrich the software function which, unceasingly expands, all theseenabled CMM to play the increasingly major role in the automobile bodyquality control. Especially in today passenger vehicle productionworkshop, three coordinates measuring engines has used on theproduction line, but is not the use in is far away the scene thesurvey in. In the pressing part production workshop, uses the proportion whichthree coordinates measuring engines examines to cross one half, somelarge-scale complex work pieces are examined the proportion to behigher. The weldment certainly is not each kind all needs to carry onthe examination, but in must receive these automobile bodies’ whichcontrols always to become, uses three coordinates measuring engines tocarry on the inspection the proportion even to achieve 2/3. Uses inthree coordinate measurement system which in the production processexamines to become the technological process in fact a constituent.Three coordinates measuring engines type and characteristicAt present, in the world provides the specialized examination plan forthe automobile profession automobile body examination the mostwell-known factory family belongings to be Italian DEA Corporation,and in impetus automobile body research and "white automobile body"the size examination aspect has made the prominent contribution. Theapplication characteristic examines which in view of the automobilebody, DEA developed adapted the automobile to examine each link eachkind of design, added aims at the software function which the platework characteristic established, Can for the automobile body development, the trial manufacturing,thepart/sub-assembly/always become the examination, the on-lineexamination as well as the quality control provides the safeguard.The commonly used three coordinates measuring engine mainly has thehorizontal arm measuring engine, the bascule bridge type measuringengine and fixes the Dragon Gate measuring engine. Horizontal armmeasuring engine divides the double horizontal arm and the listhorizontal arm two kinds, mainly uses in to the automobile body andthe large-scale plate work survey, also observable center small. Thebascule bridge type measuring engine precision is higher, mainly usesin to the shape complex thin wall work piece, Specially is suitable to is producing the scene carries on theon-linesurvey to the middle and small scale pressing part and the weldment.Fixes the Dragon Gate measuring engine the precision to be higher thanthe horizontal arm measuring engine, mainly uses in like the aviation,the automobile and so on the tall and slender survey.The examination uses the flexible jigaccording to surveys the request, formulateseach kind of localization and clamps the plan, meets must manufacturesome jigs, then according to the existing plan, in three coordinatesmeasuring engines work floor, locates these and the clamp builds,establishes behind the survey coordinate system in this foundation tobe possible to survey. This traditional procedure existence deliverycycle long, the deficient flexibility, the change expense high, thestorage expense is big and so on the shortcoming.The modernization large-scale, the multi- varieties automobileproduction request flexible jig system may use in any measuring engine(bracket or vertical arm); Moreover it does not need and theexamination supposes has special electrical and the software joint.This kind of jig system maintenance convenient, the use is simple. The commonly used flexible jig system has two kinds, the first kind isthe programmable column promotion, the second kind is mechanical typemodule joining together. Also has in the first kind entire isautomatic and the manual division, but the second kind also has thedifferent structural style.The entire automatic flexible attire clamps the systemEntire automatic flexible attire clamps the system take DEA theproduction FIVE (like chart 3) as an example, its main body part isgroup of circular cylinders, in sufficient compressed air, if turns onthe air valve, the base namely forms the air cushion, the columnphysical ability livelily moves in the platform, also highly variables, the height of lift biggest one kind is 500mm; The peak matches the standardized strut, with by load bearing work piece. Underthe shut-down condition, these circular cylinders neatly set to coordinates measuring engine platform behind. This system when movement, consummates software and the automatic operation function with the aid of FIVE moves one by one the circularcylinder to platform in some establishes in advance the position;After the circular cylinder according to is definite X, Y, the Zcoordinates stops supposes the fixed point in the platform, measured a manipulator starts upwardly, namely along the Z axis migration, promotes the column in vivo piston to the stipulation altitude; Procedure beforehand establishes which through the execution, X, Y,the Z coordinates on have established in the coordinates measuringengine survey space. So long as in view of the different work piece establishment corresponding procedure, the FIVE system can satisfy each kind of work piece the strut, the attire clamps the request, has demonstrated theenormous flexibility, namely flexibility.The manual flexible attire clamps the systemThe FIVE automatic systems also have the obvious insufficiency, one isthe user investment big, two is although the operating process for entire is automatic, but the working efficiency is not certainly high. In recent years promoted the manual flexible attire to clamp thesystem, was similar to the FIVE system, according to was measured the work piece the different situation first established the correspondingprocedure, The measuring engine measured gradually enters ，the operator then artificially moves the circular cylinder to measured under, the manual promotion to aims at survey on to assign the position again, then installs the modular strut cartridge, this kind of system compared to entire automatic jig system working efficiency high, the efficiency is also good.On servosystem and so on yummy treatsOn yummy treats system including conveyer belt, axle vehicle and power department classification. Installs on the yummy treats system inmeasuring engine around, the reference and the assembly line position,on the yummy treats may carry on in any side. Thus, the down time, namely the spatial running time reduces to few, enhanced the working efficiency. When treats measured the thin wall when surveysthe location examines, the next thin wall is installed in 上料 the location load bearing platform, but completes after the survey circulation, this on automatically emigrates surveys the region, installs the new workpiece second platform to move in. According to surveys the duty the need, in the load bearing platform also may establish measures astorehouse, also may in examine in a complex work piece process to measure the head through the replacement, time completes the task.General surveys software and special-purpose survey softwarePreliminary survey software is the coordinates measuring engine necessary slightly disposes software. It responsibly completes the entire measurement system the management, adjusts, the coordinate system establishment and the transformation, the input output management, the basic geometry essential factor size and the shape position common difference appraisal as well as the element constitution basic function including the probe. (The shape position common difference includes: The straight dimension, flatness, roundness, the column, the line outline, the surface outline, the parallelism, the verticality, the gradient, position, coaxial (heart), the symmetry, the circle beat, all beats)Special-purpose survey software is aims at some kind software which has the specific use the spare part survey question to develop, for example: Gear, thread, free curve and free curved surface and so on. Generally also has some attached software modules, for example: The statistical analysis, the error examine, compensates, CAD and so on.The advanced measurement and examination software may need to provide the perfect solution for the measurement, is highly effective correctly completes the examination function the key aspect. If thick-DMIS survey software operation contact surface is succinct, may instruct the user to carry on the components programming, the parameter establishment and the work piece examination; At the same time, its integrated graph function, can examine the data production visible graph report; Also may transplant traditional survey software, and provides ties up software and so on plan like MM4, TUTOR. In addition also includes each kind of plate work and the plastic glass and the fitting completeset survey procedure, as well as automatically seeks the surveyelement, real-time three dimensional measured compensates, the automatic compensation distortion work piece superficial position andthe direction and so on; And distorts the big work piece hole search function to the plate work, Namely controls the measuring engine the region to seek several effective geometries shapes nearby the theory hole center, has had the intellectualized characteristic. This software also has the formidable CAD graph function, the permission user uses the three dimensional CAD data, off-line or on-line production work piece examination procedure, simultaneously completes the graph work piece model and the survey way simulation, produces the computer digital-analog to complete the reversion project.高精度的车身检具--三坐标测量机车身检测是汽车工业中关于零部件检测的重要部分，该项检测直接关系着整车的外观和质量。