现在分词作状语有几种形式-有用

d. Don’t mention this while talking to him (while you are talking to him).
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(3)表示行为方式，伴随情况或 补充说明等
a. Holding the note in his hand, he stood there dumbfounded.
b. Turning around (When she turned around), she saw an ambulance driving up.
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c. When leaving the airport (When they left the airport), they waved again and again.
现在分词短语作状语时，通常 都表示主语正在进行的另一动 作，来对谓语表示的主要动作 加以修饰或作为陪衬．
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Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the difficulties.
They stood there for an hour ,watching the game.
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(1)相当于原因状语从句
a. Being ill, she didn’t g to school today.
=As she is ill, … b. Having seen the film ,he didn’t
go to the cinema with them. =Because he had seen the film ,…
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When he saw those picture ,he couldn’t help thinking f those memorable days in the war.
=Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days in the war.
Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由the boy承受
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注意3：如果分词和句子没有 逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能用 单个的分词作状语，可以用分 词的独立主格结构或状语从 句．
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现在分词的独立结构为名词或代 词＋分词，名词或代词是分词的 逻辑主语
Professor Zhang having finished the lecture, his driver drove him home.
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分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻辑 主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用来 修饰全句
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
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⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动 作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立 即发生,也用分词的一般形式.
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
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Reaching home, he began writing a melody for it.
c. They opened fire, killing one of our patrolmen.
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(5)表示条件 a. Staying here for some time,
you’ll find the people here are friendly. b. If playing all day ,you will waste your valuable time.
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注意1：不是每个状语从句都能用 分词替换
只有当分词和句子的主语有逻 辑上的主谓关系时，才能用分 词替换．
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Before I came into the lab, the student had been seated.
Come into 的动作既不是students 发出的也不是students承受，所 以不能这样说
address, …
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Greatly interested, I asked to have a try myself.
Delighted, the girls thought up many good ideas.
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（2）相当于时间状语从句
a. Walking in the street(=When I was walking in the street), I caught sight of a tailor shop.
Time permitting, I’ll call on you this Sunday.
There being no money, he could buy nothing.
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He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
b. The students went away, running and laughing.
c. Staving, he wandered about.
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(4)表示结果
a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.
b. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.
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Having been cut off from their source of supply, the guerrillas camped in the open and live on wild plants.
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现在分词作状语相当于状语从 句可表时间，原因，方式，伴 随情况，结果或条件等
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c. Feeling tired ，I went to bed early.
=Because I felt tired, … d. Not knowing her address, we
couldn’t get in touch with her. ＝Because we didn’t know her
Having finished the class, she went home.
=After she finished the class…
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Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.
=As he had worked…
Coming into the lab, the students had been seated.
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注意2：分词作状语时，分词和 句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主 谓关系
逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作 由句子的主语发出或承受．
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We are sitting here, making notes. make的动作由主语我们 发出
=If we judge…

Generally speaking, every spy has a contact.
Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
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Walking out of the room, he found the boy still there.
Arriving at the hotel, she found them busy laying tables.
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2.现在分词何时用完成形式？
当分词的动作是由主语发出，而 且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分 词的完成形式．
Don’t just stand there doing nothing.
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1.现在分词何时用一般形式?
⑴当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且 和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一 般形式．
He was ill and didn’t attend the meeting.
=Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
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3.现在分词何时用进行被动式？
当分词的动作由主语承受，而且 分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生 时．
Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.
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4.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？
当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示 的动作之前发生，且分词表示的 动作由主语承受． Having been beaten by the farmer, the horse went away. Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.
The ing-form used as adverbial
现在分词作状语有四种形式 1.一般形式，由动词原形＋ing构成． 2.完成形式，由having+过去分词． 3.进行被动式：由being＋过去分词 4.完成被动式：由having been＋过去
分词构成
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-ing短语作状语称为现在分词 短语作状语