高中英语(译林牛津版)必修一学案(湖南)：句子成分
高中英语(译林牛津版)必修一学案(湖南)：时态和语态1
提高班时态和语态1 一般现在时的用法:1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。
例如：I home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
例如：The earth around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
3）表示格言或警句。
例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
✧注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例如：Columbus proved that the earth round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如：Ann good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
2 一般过去时的用法:1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
例如：Where just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
例如：When I was a child, I often in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
3）句型：It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该…了"例如: It is time you . 你早该睡觉了。
would （had） rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'例如：I'd rather you tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
高中英语 高中 牛津译林版(新版) 第一讲---句子和句子成分
句子和句子成分句子：按目的分类——陈述句（肯定句；否定句）；疑问句（一般疑问句；特殊疑问句；选择疑问句；反意疑问句）；祈使句（肯定的；否定的以及let的特殊用法）；感叹句（what, how及其它）。
按结构分类——简单句；并列句；复合句。
句子成分：主语；谓语；表语；宾语；定语；状语；补足语。
一．句子成分：1．主语：常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、从句担任。
eg:那根钢笔是我的。
_____________________________________她匆匆忙忙地出去了。
_____________________________________6意味着好运。
_____________________________________年轻人应该尊重老年人。
_____________________________________眼见为实。
______________________ _______________________我们什么时候走还没有定下来。
_____________________________ [注意]：从句作主语，称为主语从句，此时谓语动词用单数。
eg: 他刚才说过的话是真的。
____________________________ 2．谓语：由动词构成，有简单谓语和复合谓语之分。
简单谓语：由动词和动词词组组成。
eg: 你看到了山顶上的红旗。
You _____ the red flag on the top of the hill.他照顾两个孤儿。
He ______________ two orphans.复合谓语：由‘情态动词/ 助动词+ 动词’构成。
eg: 他会讲英语。
_________________________这项工作在三点以前必须做完。
The work _______________before three o’clock.3．表语：在_________之后的成分。
Unit+1+Grammar+and+Usage+句子成分和结构牛津译林版(2020)必修第一册
时间状语
• I was late because of the traffic jam .
原因状语
• We'll send a car to fetch you.
目的状语
• The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones.
结果状语
② He seems interested in the book. 么”,
“怎么样” 。
③ Silk feels soft and smooth.
④ The weather becomes cool.
⑤ She always stays calm when facing danger.
⑥ The truth is that he is missing.
系动词分类
1) 表状态的be动词：be,is,am,are,was,were 2)表感官的动词: look, sound, taste, smell, feel, 3)表变化的动词: become, get, turn, go,grow,come 4)表持续的动词： remain, stay, keep, continue 5)表表像的动词: seem, appear (似乎，好像) 6)表终止的动词： prove, turn out（证明）
基本句型三 主+谓+宾语+宾语补足语
① You make me happy. ② They call me John. ③ We should keep the table clean. ④ The noise drives me crazy. Conclusion: 动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表 达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思 完整。
牛津译林版高中英语必修一高一句子成分分析
1. Thewarwasover. 2. Theyseemtoknowthetruth. 3. Timeisprecious. 4. I’mnotquitemyselftoday. 5. Whowasthefirst? 6. Heisoutofcondition. 7. ThebookiswhatIneed.
基本句型
• 主语+系动词+表语（主系表） • 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） • 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） • 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 • 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
• Hewent. • Hewentthere. • Hewentthereyesterday. • Hewenttheretoseehismotheryesterday. • Hewenttheretoseehismotherillinhospital bybikeyesterday.
㈡谓语
• 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill? • Helookedaftertwoorphans. • 复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词; • HecanspeakEnglishwell.
㈢表语
• 在系动词后的部分就是表语 • 常见的系动词有: • be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem, • feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, • get,grow,come,goetc. • 系动词不用于被动语态. • Theappletastessweet.
Thegirlinredishissister. Wehavealotofworktodo. Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter. Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow? Thereisnothinginterestinginthisbook.
高中英语Unit1Backtoschool语法精讲1句子成分与句子结构学案牛津译林版必修第一册
语法精讲①句子成分与句子结构1．句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
根据各部分在句子中所起的作用，可以把句子分为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等，起主要作用的是主语和谓语。
(1)主语(subject)主语指句子所谈论的主题，作主语的通常是名词、代词，也可以是数词、doing、to do 或者主语从句。
❶The efforts you make are sure to pay off sooner or later.你的努力迟早会有回报的。
❷We can take advantage of this opportunity to strengthen the relationship between the two companies.我们可以利用这次机会来加强两个公司之间的联系。
❸Four and five is nine.四加五等于九。
❹What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。
[特别提示] 动词不定式、动名词或者从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。
❺To see such a serious man play jokes on us is amazing.＝It is amazing to see such a serious man play jokes on us.看到这么严肃的一个人开我们的玩笑，真令人吃惊。
(2)谓语(predicate)谓语用来说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征状态，由行为动词的时态、语态充当。
❻He succeeded at last by working hard.他通过努力工作最后成功了。
❼He didn't focus his attention on his study last night.昨天晚上他没有专心学习。
❽He runs every morning.他每天早上跑步。
牛津译林版高中英语必修一五种基本句子结构
Youdon’tlookwell.(adj.健康的，良好的)
主语系动词表语
②of+名词 Theseproductsareofhighquality.
主语系动词表语
常用系动词： 纯系动词be,become,seem a感官动词：look,feel,smell,taste,sound等。 b表示“变”：get,grow,turn,go,run等。 ckeep,stay,lie,stand,fall,prove等。
Ilefthimamessage.Heisamessage.× Ilefthimalone.Heisalone.√（madBiblioteka ofdingshangtuwen）
五种基本句子结构
1.主语+谓语 S+V
2.主语+系动词+表语
【注】 S=Subject(主语);
V=Verb(谓语动词);
S+V+P
P=Predicative(表语);
3.主语+谓语+宾语 S+V+O
4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
O=Object(宾语); IO=IndirectObject(间 接宾语);
Heenjoysmusic.
主语谓语宾语
Whoknowstheanswer?
主语谓语宾语
Shethankedhermother.
主语谓语宾语
Hebuysyouadictionary.
主语谓语间宾直宾
Iamshowinghimmypictures.
主语谓语间宾直宾
Givemeyourbankcard.
Theyfindthehouseempty.
译林牛津版高中英语Module 1 Unit 1 Grammar 英语衔接：句子成分、基本句型、简单句并列句复合句教学案
初高中英语衔接：基本句型、句子成分一、英语中的句子基本成分（划出下列句子相应的成分)主语：动作的发出者。
1.American country music has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.Smoking does harm to the health.5.The rich should help the poor.谓语：主语发出的动作状态。
1.I don't like the picture on the wall.2.The days get longer and longer when summer comes.3.We had better send for a doctor.4.He is interested in music.表语：用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词(如be, ...look, smell, ... become, get, ... 等)之后。
1.Our English teacher is an American.2.The weather has turned cold.3.The little boy looks very happy.宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面1.My brother hasn’t done his homework.2.People all over the world speak English.3.They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.4.The old man said he was ill.双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.宾语补足语：宾语发出的动作或状态。
语法复习：句子成分+常用句式学案设计（译林牛津版英语高三）
语法复习：句子成分+常用句式学案设计(译林牛津版英语高三)一、句子成分句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
练习一1、用符号划出下列短文各句中的句子成分：I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.2、给下列文字加上标点符号。
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高一英语提高班句子成分一、整体呈现二、分析划线部分的句子成分1. We often speak English in class.2. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.3. Smoking does harm to the health.4. Our teacher of English is an American.5. The weather has turned cold.6. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.7. They ask me a question.8. They painted their boat white.9. We found everything in the lab in good order.10. We saw her entering the room.11. Guilin is a beautiful city.12. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.13. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.14. Light travels most quickly.15. How about meeting again at six?st night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.17.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.18. Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.19. She put the eggs into the basket with great care.20. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.21. He usually goes to school by bike.22. This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.23. Where is your classmate Tom ?四、巩固补遗中译英①S+V例：星星在闪光。
The star is shining.1．蜜蜂能飞。
_________________________________________________________________ 2．太阳升起。
_________________________________________________________________ ②S+V+P例: 我的愿望实现了。
My wish came true.1.这首歌很好听。
_________________________________________________________2. Paul是一个优秀的学生。
______________________________________________________3. 他最终成了一名教师。
________________________________________________________4. 她看起来很漂亮。
___________________________________________________________③S+V+O_____________________________________________________________________ 例：我们吃过饭了。
We have already had dinner.1.这个病人不能自己穿衣服。
____________________________________________________ 3.我喜欢读书。
________________________________________________________________4.他作了一个演讲。
____________________________________________________________④S+V+O1+O2例：借给我两块钱好吗？Will you lend me two yuan?1.他们希望你成功。
__________________________________________________________2. 我问了John一个问题。
______________________________________________________3. 你能帮我选一本有趣的故事书吗？_____________________________________________⑤S+V+O+O P(宾补)例：我相信这个孩子是无辜的。
I believe the boy to be innocent.1.你认为他独立吗？__________________________________________________________2.我看见她进来了。
__________________________________________________________3.不要把手弄脏了。
__________________________________________________________4.人民选他当总统。
__________________________________________________________五、自我学习A、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the crowded bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. His job is to train swimmers.4. I shall answer your question after class.5. What a beautiful Chinese painting!6. They went hunting together early in the morning.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. His wish is to become a scientist.9. Tom lent me some money.10.Mr. Black, our English teacher, is a good tennis player.B、中译英1．我感到很幸运。
_____________________________________________________________2. 很快我们就成了好朋友。
_____________________________________________________3. 我们来了。
_________________________________________________________________4. 我明天做这事。
_____________________________________________________________5. 它花了我6块钱。
___________________________________________________________6.老师经常让学生上课大声朗读。
______________________________________________7.他常常帮助盲人过街。
______________________________________________________8.他要我别为他的健康担心。
__________________________________________________9. 魏华做的蛋糕尝起来很好。
__________________________________________________10. 饭后散步是很好的习惯。
____________________________________________________C、阅读理解Our school library offers learning services, books and other things that help all members of the school to become good thinkers and clever users of information. It is linked (连接) to the larger library in the city and the World Wide Web. All these services are given according to the requirements of the Public Library Manifesto (声明).School library services must be given to all members of the school. Students of any age, class and grade can enjoy them. Different services must be given to those who are unable to use the main library services.Users of the library must follow the rules made by the library workers to keep it clean and tidy. The main rules are as follows:1. Opening and closing times:Monday —Friday: 9 a.m. —9 p.m. during term time.Saturday: 9 a.m. —1p.m. throughout the year.2. Admission (允许进入) and borrowing:Only people holding a library card shall be allowed in.Members can borrow 5 books at a time.3. Behavior in the library:Silence shall be kept as much as possible in the library. No other books can be taken into the library. Library workers can help members use the books and other things in the library.When the library workers and teachers work together, students will get better reading, writing, and problem-solving skills.1. What can students do in the school library?A. Get information from the Internet.B. Read the Public Library Manifesto.C. Clean the library with workers.D. Work together with the teachers.2. When can students read in the library?A. 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Monday.B. 10 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. on Saturday.C. 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on Sunday.D. 9 a. m. to 10 p.m. on Tuesday.3. What is the main aim of the school library services?A. To help readers communicate with each other.B. To help teachers work with the library workers.C. To help students develop good behaviors in the library.D. To help the users get more knowledge and skills.。