2013年9月新经济学人的几篇文章及其翻译
2013经济学人中英文对照(一)
Balkan history 巴尔干历史Writing the past 书写过去Teaching children about history, nationalism, and right and wrong教育孩子：历史，民族主义和孰是孰非Jan 5th 2013 | from the print editionIN 1995 some 200,000 Serbs were ethnically cleansed from Croatia. Oh, no, actually, they fled.在1995年克罗地亚的种族大清洗中，大约200，000塞尔维亚人遇害。
哦，不不不，事实上，他们逃之夭夭了。
During the second world war Serbian royalist “Chetniks” were heroes—or were they villains? Balkan history is complicated, but there is widespread agreement on one thing. Every nation knows what is right and how everyone else is wrong. As one Serbian historian puts it: “There is one truth, just as there is one God.”二战中塞尔维亚的“游击战士”是忠诚的民族英雄——或是无恶不作的坏蛋？巴尔干半岛的历史错综复杂，然而人人皆知的是：自己的民族知道正途；他人皆是邪路。
正如一位塞尔维亚历史学家说的那样：“只有一个上帝，也只有一个真相。
”When Yugoslavia fell apart in the 1990s the question of who did what in 1389 or 1944 played a vital part in the propaganda used to whip up hatred. Balkan children are still being taught wildly varying versions of history with no idea that others view the same events differently. Since 1999, however, a group of historians from across the region has been working to help teachers gain a broader perspective. So far, they have brought out four books of source materials covering the period up to 1945.二十世纪九十年代，南斯拉夫解体。
《经济学人》英中对照翻译版(考研英语必备)
来源于/wordpress/（The Economist《经济学人》中文版）和/（《The Economist》《经济学人》中文版）11月10, 2008[2008.11.08] 美国大选：无限期望America's election：Great expectationsNO ONE should doubt the magnitude of what Barack Obama achieved this week. When the president-elect was born, in 1961, many states, and not just in the South, had laws on their books that enforced segregation, banned mixed-race unions like that of his parents and restricted voting rights. This week America can claim more credibly that any other western country to have at last become politically colour-blind. Other milestones along the road to civil rights have been passed amid bitterness and bloodshed. This one was marked by joy, white as well as black (see article).相信无人质疑奥巴马于本周取胜的重要意义。
这位新总统出生于1961年，那时美国很多州的法律都要求强化种族分离、禁止像奥巴马父母那样的跨族通婚、限制选举权利；这些不仅限于南部地区，而出现在全国范围内。
经济学人两篇+翻译
Disney Star Wars, Disney and myth-makingHow one company came to master the business of storytellingFROM a galaxy far, far away to a cinema just down the road: “The Force Awakens”, the newest instalment of the Star Wars saga, is inescapable this Christmas. The first Star Wars title since Lucasfilm, the owner of the franchise, was acquired by Disney in 2012 for $4.1 billion, it represents more than just the revival of a beloved science-fiction series. It is the latest example of the way Disney has prospered over the past decade from a series of shrewd acquisitions (see article). Having bought Pixar, Marvel and Lucasfilm, Disney has skilfullycapitalised on their intellectual property—and in so doing, cemented its position as the market leader in the industrialisation of mythology. Its success rests on its mastery of the three elements of modern myth-making: tropes, technology and toys.From Homer to Han SoloStart with the tropes. Disney properties, which include everything from “Thor” to “Toy Story”, draw on well-worn devices of mythic structure to give their stories cultural resonance. Walt Disney himself had an intuitive grasp of the power of fables. George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars, is an avid student of the work of Joseph Campbell, an American comparative mythologist who outlined the “monomyth” structure in which a hero answers a call, is assisted by a mentor figure, voyages to another world, survives various trials and emerges triumphant. Bothfilm-makers merrily plundered ancient mythology and folklore. The Marvel universe goes even further, directly appropriating chunks of Greco-Roman and Norse mythology. (This makes Disney's enthusiasm for fierce enforcement of intellectual-property laws, and the seemingly perpetual extension of copyright, somewhat ironic.)The internal mechanics of myths may not have changed much over the ages, but the technology used to impart them certainly has. That highlights Disney's second area of expertise. In Homer's day, legends were passed on in the form of dactylic hexameters; modern myth-makers prefer computer graphics, special effects, 3D projection, surround sound and internet video distribution,among other things. When Disney bought Lucasfilm it did not just acquire the Star Wars franchise; it also gained Industrial Light & Magic, one of the best special-effects houses in the business, whose high-tech wizardry is as vital to Marvel's Avengers films as it is to the Star Wars epics. And when Disney was left behind by the shift to digital animation, it cannily revitalised its own film-making brand by buying Pixar, a firm as pioneering in its field as Walt Disney had been in hand-drawn animation. Moreover, modern myths come in multiple media formats. The Marvel and Star Wars fantasy universes are chronicled in interlocking films, television series, books, graphic novels and video games. Marvel's plans are mapped out until the mid-2020s.But these days myths are also expected to take physical form as toys, merchandise and theme-park rides. This is the third myth-making ingredient. Again, Walt Disney led the way, licensing Mickey Mouse and other characters starting in the 1930s, and opening the original Disneyland park in 1955. Mr Lucas took cinema-related merchandise into a new dimension, accepting a pay cut as director in return for all the merchandising rights to Star Wars—a deal that was to earn him billions. Those rights now belong to Disney, and it is making the most of them: sales of “The Force Awakens” merchandise, from toys to clothing, are expected to be worth up to $5 billion alone in the coming year. In all, more than $32 billion-worth of Star Wars merchandise has been sold since 1977, according to NPD Group, a market-research firm. Even Harry Potter and James Bond are scruffy-looking nerf-herders by comparison.Those other franchises are reminders that Disney's approach is not unique. Other studios are doing their best to imitate its approach. But Disney has some of the most valuable properties and exploits them to their fullest potential. It is particularly good at refreshing and repackaging its franchises to encourage adults to revisit their childhood favourites and, in the process, to introduce them to their own children. This was one reason why Pixar, whose films are known for their cross-generational appeal, was such a natural fit. Now the next generation is being introduced to Star Wars by their nostalgic parents. At the same time, Disney has extended its franchises by adding sub-brands that appeal to particular age groups: children's television series spun off from Star Wars, for example, or darker, more adult tales from the Marvel universe, such as the “Daredevil” and “Jessica Jones” series on.Do, or do not—there is no tryWhat explains the power of all this modern-day mythology? There is more to it than archetypal storytelling, clever technology and powerful marketing. In part, it may fill a void left by the decline of religion in a more secular world. But it also provides an expression for today's fears.T he original “Star Wars” film, in which a band of plucky rebels defeat a technological superpower, was a none-too-subtle inversion of the Vietnam war. The Marvel universe, originally a product of the cold-war era, has adapted well on screen to a post-9/11 world of surveillance and the conspiratorial mistrust of governments, large corporations and the power of technology. Inuncertain times, when governments and military might seem unable to keep people safe or stay honest, audiences take comfort in the idea of superheroes who ride to the rescue. Modern myths also have the power to unify people across generations, social groups and cultures, creating frameworks of shared references even as other forms of media consumption become ever more fragmented.Ultimately, however, these modern myths are so compelling because they tap primordial human urges—for refuge, redemption and harmony. In this respect they are like social-media platforms, which use technology to industrialise social interaction. Similarly, modern myth-making, reliant though it is on new tools and techniques, is really just pushing the same old buttons in stone-age brains. That is something that Walt Disney understood instinctively—and that the company he founded is now exploiting so proficiently.迪士尼星球大战,迪士尼和神话创造一个公司如何成为兜售故事的商业传奇从遥远的星际抵达你周边的电影院—《星球大战7：原力觉醒》这部星战系列的最新影片就在圣诞期间上映，不容错过。
经济学人中英文
考研英语外刊《经济学家》读译参考之五十六：新意－中国日益关注创新Something new新意(陈继龙编译)Aug 3rd 2006 | BEIJINGFrom The Economist print editionAFTER years of prospering as the world's workshop, China now wants to be its laboratory as well. “Innovation”has become a national buzzword[1], and Chinese leaders have been tossing it into their speeches since the beginning of the year, when President Hu Jintao started an ambitious campaign to drive China's economy further up the value chain. (1)True, new campaigns and catchphrases[2] are declared by the government and the Communist Party in China all the time, and mostly end up fizzling out[3] in puddles[4] of rhetoric. But there are signs that the government i_______①to back its innovation campaign with more than just words.中国作为“世界工场”，多年来发展蒸蒸日上，但现在它也希望成为“世界实验室”。
“创新”已经成为举国上下一个时髦词儿。
今年年初，胡锦涛主席启动了一项雄心勃勃的规划，旨在推动中国经济进一步与价值链接轨。
2013-9三级篇章翻译讲解
5. DISCUSSION
1. EXAMPLE（2011-06）——Model Translation
We are much concerned that your sales in recent months have fallen considerably. At first we thought this might be due to a slack( 萧条的) market, but on looking into the matter more closely, we found that the general trend during this period has been upwards. we, therefore, look forward to receiving from you a detailed report on the situation and suggestions as to how we may help in restoring (恢复) our sales to their former level.
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1
1. EXAMPLE（2011-06）——Model ion
16. We, therefore, look forward to因此，我们期望0.5
17. receiving from you
18. a detailed report 19. on the situation
DISCUSSION PERIOD
THANK YOU！
2. GRADING
评分范例2： 我们关心0.5你的销售额0.5 几个月以来0.5 急剧0.5 减少0.5，首先0.5，我们认为这是出于0.5薄弱的市场 ，但密切地0.5 调查0.5后，我们找出一般趋势0.5 在 这个时期0.5里已经0.5在向上0.5，我们因此希望得到 0.5你的就这个形式0.5的详细报告0.5，还有建议0.5 ，这样就可以帮助0.5 恢复0.5销售到原先层次0.5。
2013版《经济学人》中英文对照：网络净收益
Free exchange自在交流Net benefits网络净支利How to quantify the gains that the internet has broughtto consumers若何量化互联网给用户带去的支利?Mar 9th 2013 |From the print editionWHEN her two-year-old daughter was diagnosed with cancer in1992, Judy Mollica spent hours in a nearby medical library in southFlorida, combing through journals for information about her child’scondition. Upon seeing an unfamiliar term she would stop and huntdown its meaning elsewhere in the library. It was, she says, like“walking in the dark”. Her daughter recovered but in 2005 wasdiagnosed with a different form of cancer. This time, Ms Mollicawas able to stay by her side. She could read articles online,instantly look up medical and scientific terms on Wikipedia, andthen follow footnotes to new sources. She could converse with herdaughter’s specialists like a fellow doctor. Wikipedia, she says,not only saved her time but gave her a greater sense of control.“You can’t put a price on that.”1992年茱迪•莫莉卡(JudyMollica)两岁年日的女女被诊续入得了癌症，她正在北佛罗中达州一家开医院没有远的医教图书馆中破钞了年日量的时间详实天查阅医教期刊体味女女的病情。
2013版《经济学人》中英文对照：一切都是相连的
The new politics of the internet 新互联网政治Everything is connected一切都是相连的Can internet activism turn into a real political movement?互联网激进主义能演变成一场真正的政治运动吗?Jan 5th 2013 | BERLIN AND DUBAI | from the print editionWHEN dozens of countries refused to sign a new global treaty on internet governance in late 2012, a wide range of activists rejoiced.They saw the treaty, crafted under the auspices of the International Telecommunication union (ITU), as giving governments pernicious powers to meddle with and censor the internet. For months groups with names like Access Now and Fight for the Future had2013版《经济学人》中英文对照：一切都是相连的_考研英语_考研1号网——专注考研！campaigned against the treaty. Their lobbying was sometimes hyperbolic. But it was also part of the reason the treaty was rejected by many countries, including America, and thus in effect rendered void.当数十个国家于2012年年底拒绝签署一项新的互联网管理国际条约时，各类积极分子深感欣慰。
最新-经济学人中英文版1 精品
经济学人中英文版篇一：《经济学人》阅读练习中英对照版50篇《经济学家》读译参考&1重建美国梦机器192019|',(),对美国的大学而言，申请必须在12市大学，一所公立学院，没有田园诗一般;$7,500()2001年开始为聪明过人的学生所设立的培养计划。
6约有1100人能得到“免费教育”，这在花费巨大的美被纳入城市大学荣誉计划的学生无需支付学费，相反，他们还获得一份请尽早被批准进入下一学年计划的学生达到了70%。
,,,—',批准与否跟学生是不是一名运动员，或者是不是校友子弟，或者有没有颇具影响力的后台，《经济学家》读译参考&或者是不是某个爱打抱不平的民族社团成员，都毫无干系——而这些在美国的知名学府中已经日益成为重要标准。
申请加入荣誉计划的学生大多数来自相对贫困的家庭，其中许多人都是移民。
城市大学唯一需要的就是这些学生必须勤奋并且聪颖。
,7%',(1997)',去年，城市大学学生的标准化考试平均分位居全美最高分的7%均分较低，但是他们即将冲进前三名（相比1997年的倒数前三名）。
（这一段请高手参详）,20世纪60年代以前，那就是美国高等教育管理最好的并不在剑桥大学或者是，在一所名叫城市大学1847年，'',(1950);,,,(,那时美国最知名的大学都限制犹太人学生入学，当时1933年到1954年之间，城市大学培养出了9个后来获得诺贝尔奖的人，其中包括2019年经济学奖获得者罗伯特?奥曼（毕业于1950年）。
城市大学前附属女子学院则培养出两名诺贝尔奖获得者，而其在布鲁克林的一所分校也培养出一名。
城市大学还培养出了最高法院的关键人物费利克斯?法兰克福（1902届）、埃拉?格什温（1918届）、天花疫苗发明者乔纳斯?索尔克（1934届）以及互联网设计者罗伯特?卡恩（1960届）等人。
20世纪三、四十年代，城市大学作为左翼分子活动区，城市大学孕育了许多新保守主义知识分子，他们后来都转向了右翼，比如欧文?克里斯托（1940届，校外活动积极分子，参加过反战俱乐部）、丹尼尔?贝尔和内森?格雷泽。
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Women managers in Asia.女性高管在亚洲。
Untapped talent.尚待开发的人才。
Sexism is rife in Asia. That creates an opportunity for non-chauvinist firms.性别歧视在亚洲"大行其道"。
这为非大男子主义至上的企业创造了机遇。
IN THE West, women typically make up 10-20% of upper management and company boards. They are relatively lucky. A report from McKinsey, a consultancy, shows that Asian women lag far behind.在西方，女性通常占据10-20%的公司高层和董事会职位。
相比之下，她们是幸运的。
来自麦肯锡咨询机构（McKinsey）的报告显示在此方面，亚洲女性大大落后了。
There are exceptions. In Australia women's share of board and executive-committee jobs is roughly on a par with that in America and parts of Europe. Singapore too has a large number of women in senior management (see chart). But elsewhere the picture is mostly dire, and not necessarily because the countries concerned are poor. In Japan and South Korea, both rich, women are about as likely to sit on boards as men are to serve tea.例外也是有的。
在澳大利亚，女性在董事会和执行领导层所占份额与美国和欧洲部分水平一致。
新加坡也有大量女性工作在高级经理职位上。
但在其他地方，女高管的境地就多半是岌岌可危的了，也不一定，都因为相关国家很穷。
在日本和韩国这两个富裕国家，女子就很可能只是给坐在董事会里的男人们倒茶端水，而不是一起议事。
One reason why so few women in Asia get plum jobs is that in most countries far fewer of them are in the workforce than in the West, where their labour-force participation rate is usually around 60-70%. In India only about one woman in three has a formal job, though millions sweat on farms and in family businesses. Education is unequal, too. In 2009-10 only 10-15% of students entering the elite Indian Institutes of Management were female. But even in Asian countries where plenty of women leap from college onto the corporate ladder, they do not climb as high as men.很少有亚细亚女性会得到称心如意的工作，一个原因是多数亚洲国家里，在职场中仅有极少数的女子，而在西方女性参与劳动（工作）率一般大致在60-70%。
在印度，三个女子中大约只有一个有正式工作，虽然有数百万的女性在农场和家庭事务上挥洒汗水。
教育也是不平等的。
09到10年度，进入印度精英管理学院的学生中仅有10-15%是女性。
但即使是在那些有众多女性能从大学走上职业之路的国家，她们也没攀登到男性所能达到的高度。
The most common reasons given are much the same as in Europe: the double burden of work and domestic responsibilities; the requirement in many senior jobs to be always available and free to travel; women's reluctance to blow their own trumpet; and the scarcity of female role models. In Asia, an additional hurdle is the lack of public services to support families, such as child care.与在欧洲一样，最为普遍也是肯定的原因是：职场与家庭责任的双重重担；高管职位随时随地的出差要求(受家庭牵连，女性做不到这点）；女性对自卖自夸的不情愿；以及女性榜样的稀缺。
而在亚洲，另一个障碍是缺乏诸如孩童看护（Child Care）一类的，援助家庭的公共服务。
So is it just a question of waiting until Asia catches up with the West? The McKinsey report's authors, Claudia Süssmuth-Dyckerhoff, Jin Wang and Josephine Chen, think it is not as simple as that. Having studied 744 large companies and quizzed 1,500 executives in ten Asian countries, they conclude that, unlike their Western counterparts, Asian senior managers are not very interested in the subject. Some 70% of them did not see "gender diversity" as a strategic priority.所以，这个问题只是：等待亚洲赶上西方的脚步吗？麦肯锡报告的作者，Claudia Süssmuth-Dyckerhoff，王进（音译）和乔瑟夫?陈（Josephine Chen），认为问题不是那样简单。
在研究了774家大公司和问卷调查了1500位来自十个国家的高管，他们总结出，不像西方的同僚，亚洲的高级经理人们对这个话题兵不感兴趣。
他们中大约70%不认为"性别多样性"是一项当务之急。
The McKinsey authors think such managers are misguided. They point to companies in Asia that have done well out of recruiting lots of women, such as Shiseido, a Japanese cosmetics company (whose customers are mainly female), and Cisco, an American technology firm which snaps up Asian female talent. It is one of several Western firms that benefit from Asian sexism, in that it is easier to recruit good women when their compatriots ignore them.麦肯锡报告的作者们认为这些经理人们是错误的。
他们给出了一些在亚洲从任用女性中获利，并取得成功的公司，如资生堂（Shiseido），一家日本化妆品公司（它的顾客主要是女性），以及思科（Cisco），一家美国抢夺亚洲女性人才的科技公司。
这只是从亚洲性别歧视中获益的西方公司中的一家，当女性的同胞们都忽略排斥她们的时候，聘用她们就非常容易了。
A study in 2011 by Heidrick & Struggles, a headhunter, found that a third of Asian executives were worried about being able to attract and retain the staff they needed in the next two years. Women could help fill the gap.一份2011年来自Heidrick & Struggles人才猎头公司的研究发现有三分之一的亚洲公司高管担心能否在未来两年内吸引和维持所需的员工数量。
女性有助于填补这个空当。
In a book published last year, "Winning the War for Talent in Emerging Markets", Sylvia Ann Hewlett and Ripa Rashid found that, despite cultural constraints, women in developing countries were increasingly well qualified. Judging by what they told pollsters, they were also more ambitious than Western women, and more loyal to their employers than men.一本去年出版的书，《在新兴市场中赢得人才战争》（"Winning the War for Talent in Emerging Markets"）之中，Sylvia Ann Hewlett 和Ripa Rashid发现，尽管有文化限制，发展中国家中具有学历、能胜任的女性们越来越多了。