干货分享中央圣马丁老师Alexandra对作品集的建议
意大利留学作品集评估须知.doc
意大利留学作品集评估须知作品集作为你的形象代言人，在申请学校时老师们其实更关注的是它。
那么作品集评估有哪些方面呢?的我在这里为大家整理了意大利留学作品集评估须知。
一、作品集方面1. 学生是否将作品集当做一个课题来用心经营?理论上说，那些不会像解决设计问题一样去考虑自己的作品集的学生，通常不会认真对待每一个设计课题，也通常不会认真对待设计中的各项细节。
不要小看或低估评审官的经验和眼光!他们只需要扫几眼，就能分辨出学生做作品集时是否用心，是否从多方面考虑，是注重表面效果还是内容。
死在这一条上的学生最多!2. 作品集说了什么?你的作品集应至少能通过作品展示一个完整的 "故事"：主角是你，配角可能是某设计风格、某具体事物、一张图片甚至是一句名言。
故事讲述你和配角之间的"感情史"。
说到底，是主题问题，没有主题的作品集不讨喜。
3. 内容的选择和组织作品集是由大量信息片段组织而成的逻辑体，优秀的学生会根据课题的要求和作品特点有针对性地挑选内容，并选择适当的组织方法和顺序。
评审官通过观察内容的组织方法，基本可以对学生的设计能力和其对课题的理解深度做出一个八九不离十的评判。
在这一点上，每个评审官都有自己的观察方法。
笔者通常是挑取视觉效果较好且信息较多的页面，从左看到右看一遍(忽略掉文字)，看能不能看懂。
二、作品方面1. 是否谈及自己在设计中所要解决的问题?很少有学生做到这一点，真的很少。
上面已经提到，评审官是一边看作品集一边写评语的，对于这样的作品集，评语通常是not user-centred、limited understanding of brief、low learning motivation /interest。
2. 是否清楚自己作品的优点在哪，解决问题的方法为什么成功?优秀/成功的定义方法有很多：达到课题上的设计要求、基于固定的比例尺进行设计和分析、注重用户的体验、微创新等。
欧洲美术作品鉴赏论文最后的晚餐赏析
08软件学院刘明坤手机：欧洲美术作品鉴赏带给我的收获和感悟记得大一下半学期时，老师对我们说过一段话，给了我很深的感触。
他说“现在的大学生都是不完整的，通过文理分科把你们变成二分之一个人，又通过更细致的专业分类把你们变成了四分之一甚至八分之一个人，做得再好也不过是比机器更高级的‘机器’罢了，一个完整的人应该是一个全面发展的人，能在生活种发现美并懂得欣赏。
”听到这席话，我当时就反思自己的现状，发现确实像他说的那样，我只不过是一个“写代码的工具”（我是软件工程的）。
于是我决定学的人文方面的东西，提高自己的艺术修养，对于大学生来说这是很有必要的。
于是这学期我毫不犹豫的选了“欧洲美术作品鉴赏”这门课。
我希望能学到一点欣赏艺术的能力，不想等到将来别人和我谈论达芬奇,米开朗琪罗,拉斐尔,毕加索时，我还弄不明白他们是谁；更不想在看《雅典学院》时感觉好像对着一张白纸一样。
后来事实证明我的选择是明智的。
在这门课程中，冯敏老师带领我们欣赏了从原始社会到古希腊古罗马到中世纪再到文艺复兴时期一直到17—20世纪欧洲的美术。
在讲述的课程中，老师重点分析了那些影响深远的美术家，雕塑家及其作品。
让我领略到欧洲各个时期的艺术风格与魅力，欣赏到一件件惊世骇俗的伟大作品，听到以前从未听到过的名词，真的对我的人文修养提高有很大帮助。
在这里我要感谢冯敏老师的精彩讲解，让我对欧洲美术作品有了初步的认识。
我觉得这门课最大的意义就是教会了我怎样去欣赏一件艺术作品，我想也就是人们常说的那种发现美的眼光吧，这是一种非常重要的基本素养。
其次这门课开阔了我的眼界，让我见识到以前闻所未闻的东西，像阿尔塔米拉洞窟上的壁画，母神雕像古希腊古罗马的建筑风格，哥特式的大教堂，威尼斯画派等等。
一门课最重要的作用不是它能为你贡献多少学分，而是通过它学到哪些有用的东西。
我觉得我收获了很多，我懂得欣赏达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》，米开朗琪罗的《大卫》和《被缚的奴隶》，贝尼尼的《阿波罗和达芙娜》，梵高的《向日葵》，毕加索的《格尔尼卡》等绘画和雕塑作品。
时装学院优秀作品集制作五大关键点
时装学院优秀作品集制作五大关键点 大家都知道纽约的帕森斯设计学院和伦敦的中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院以及巴黎的ESMOD和米兰的马兰欧尼学院，以上四所高校被誉为四大时装学院。
那么它们的招生官更愿意看到哪样的优秀作品集呢？下面我们一起来看看吧！灵感来源和材料信息清晰的作品集如何证明创作的真实性，论据的真实和可推敲就显得极为重要。
讲述一个完整而清晰的故事，故事的内容由你的灵感来源和论据支撑，最为重要的一点是要讲出故事的细节，这样的作品集往往是导师喜闻乐见的。
需要重视过程而非结果的作品集很多人认为作品集主要展现的是个人成品的成果，恰恰相反，作品集展示的是思维过程，也只有过程才能体现申请者的艺术修养。
所以作品集中会有7个部分——灵感来源、设计调研、面料实验与改造、设计草图过程延展、设计完善过程、制作过程、成品拍摄等。
每一个部分都能体现创作者设计思维的创新程度、作图技法、创意设计能力、色彩搭配、材料分析与改造、制版技术、工艺设计、设计理念表达、设计展示、等艺术专业知识。
真实的人，风景，物体作为创作对象的作品集服装设计是实用性和艺术性相结合的一种艺术形式，灵感可以天马行空，可以不着边际，但真正有深度的设计是于平常中见深意，在最普通最真实的人、风景、事物中展现想法，进行创作。
展现自己而不是一味迎合的作品集很多人会在作品中迎合，迎合市场，迎合导师的口味，展示自己认为导师想要看到的东西，其实这种做法万分错误，最好的设计师需要做自己，最真实的自己是导师最愿意看到的那个人。
使用技巧让作品集有心意、多样和有趣千篇一律的作品集会让考官觉得索然无味，这时候可以使用一些有心意的技巧让作品集看起来多样有趣与特别。
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如何准备英美法意四大时装学院Amazing的作品集
如何准备英美法意四大时装学院Amazing的作品集英国的中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院(CSM)，美国的帕森斯设计学院(Parsons)，法国高级时装艺术学院(ESMOD)以及意大利的马兰欧尼时尚设计学院(Marangoni)被视为世界顶尖时装设计学院，这些院校是奢侈品品牌的诞生地，是设计师的温床，彰显时代的个性以及美国与欧洲的风尚。
想要进入这四大时装学院中的一所，和Alexander McQueen、Stella McCartney、Christian Dior等等同校，艺术留学生们就要准备Amazing的作品集了，接下来我们就来分析一下各个学校对于作品集的要求与偏好。
中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院(Central Saint Martin)中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院强调个性在时装设计领域的重要性，并强调没有个性就相当于没有灵魂，并希望作品中能够看到更多的这样的精神。
“Crazy”是中央圣马丁的另外一个标签，从每年毕业秀的学生作品可以看出，作品创意十足，对于设计充满热情和野心，他们甚至有些疯狂。
疯狂之中做到乱中有序，依然要展现结构、面料等方面扎实的基本功。
疯狂且恰到好处，有独立个性，稳扎稳打的服装知识是中央圣马丁想看到的。
帕森斯设计学院(Parsons)Parsons在美国文化的影响下，具有美式风情，与圣马丁的创作狂想曲有很大的不同，它的风格趋向于商业化，注重实穿性。
作品集的内容和形式不限，本科生需要3-4个项目，主要是针对专业的创意性思维的创作，Parsons有独立命题，也将被收录在作品集中。
法国高级时装艺术学院(ESMOD)ESMOD的作品集由3-4个项目组成，申请难度不是很大，但是宽进严出。
进入之后学习压力很大，进度很快，需要用足够的热爱与痴狂坚持，还要做更多的功课，才能达到学校的毕业要求。
ESMOD用法语授课，所以在申请之前还要通过语言关。
马兰欧尼时尚设计学院(Marangoni)意大利马兰欧尼时尚设计学院位于米兰黄金位置，多走几步就可以到达“大牌区”，得天独厚的环境为时尚设计的学生带来了艺术的熏陶与创作的激情。
(整理)赖斯的演讲加翻译
As we work for a more just economic order, we must also work to promote a freer and more democratic world –a world that will one day include a democratic Cuba, a democratic Burma, and a fully democratic Middle East. 当我们要想建立一个公平的经济秩序，同时我们也必须得努力去营造一个更自由、更民主的世界，这个世界将包含一个民主的古巴、缅甸和完全民主的中东。
Now, this emphasis on democracy in the Middle East is controversial, I admit, and some would say, “Well, we’ve actually made the situation worse.”如今中东的民主已经变得有争议了，我承认这一点。
因此可能就会有人说：好吧，我们让情况变得更糟了。
I would ask: Worse compared to what?而我不禁想反问他们：比什么更糟了？Worse than when the Syrian army occupied Lebanon for nearly 30 years? Worse than when the Palestinian people could not hold their leaders accountable, and watched as a chance for peace was squandered and evaporated into the second intifada?比叙利亚军队侵占黎巴嫩将近30年更糟糕吗？能比巴勒斯坦人民再也不相信他们的政府且眼睁睁地看着和平的机会被浪费了并再次进入混乱更糟嘛？Worse than the tyranny of Saddam Hussein at the heart of the Middle East, who terrified his neighbors and whose legacy is the bodies of 300,000 innocent people that he left in unmarked mass graves?能比萨达姆侯赛因在中东的暴行，如恐吓其邻国，它的遗产是那无名坟冢中的三十万具无辜的尸体，能比这更糟糕么？Or worse perhaps than the false stability which masked a freedom gap, spawned hopelessness, and fed hatreds so deep that 19 men found cause to fly airplanes into American cities on a fine September morning?或者是这虚假的稳定掩饰了自由的鸿沟，给人们带来无望，同时带来的仇恨之深以至于19个人在一个美好的九月的早晨空袭了美国城市，能比这更糟嘛？No, ladies and gentlemen, the past order in the Middle East is nothing to extol, but it does not make the challenges of the present less difficult. Even when you cherish democratic ideals, it is never easy to turn them into effective democratic institutions. This process will take decades, and it will be driven, as it should be, and as it only can be, by courageous leaders and citizens in the region.没有，女士们先生们，中东过去的秩序并不值得赞扬，但其现今所面临的挑战也并不因此而减轻，把民主制度付诸行动也并不是一件容易的事。
No 8 The Role and Responsibilties of the Study Director in GLP Studies (revised 1999)
Unclassified ENV/JM/MONO(99)24Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques OLIS :14-Sep-1999 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Dist. :15-Sep-1999 __________________________________________________________________________________________Or. Eng. ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATEJOINT MEETING OF THE CHEMICALS COMMITTEE AND THE WORKING PARTYON CHEMICALSOECD Series on Principles of GLP and Compliance MonitoringNumber 8 (Revised)Consensus DocumentTHE ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE STUDY DIRECTORIN GLP STUDIESENV/JM/MONO(99)24ENV/JM/MONO(99)24REVISED CONSENSUS DOCUMENTOECD SERIESONPRINCIPLES OF GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE AND COMPLIANCE MONITORINGNumber 8 (revised)GLP Consensus DocumentTHE ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE STUDY DIRECTOR IN GLP STUDIESEnvironment DirectorateORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENTParis 1999ENV/JM/MONO(99)24ENV/JM/MONO(99)24FOREWORDIn the framework of the third OECD Consensus Workshop on Good Laboratory Practice held 5th to 8th October 1992 in Interlaken, Switzerland, a working group of experts discussed the interpretation of the GLP Principles as applied to the role and responsibilities of the Study Director. This working group was chaired by Dr. David F. Moore of the United Kingdom GLP Compliance Monitoring Authority; the Rapporteur was Dr. Heinz Reust (Swiss Federal Office of Public Health). Participants in the Working Group were from both national GLP compliance monitoring authorities and from testing laboratories in the following countries: Austria, Canada, Federation of Russia, Finland, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States.The draft document developed by the working group was circulated to Member countries for comments. The text was revised, based on comments received, and reviewed by the OECD Panel on Good Laboratory Practice at its fifth meeting in March 1993, which amended the text and forwarded it to the Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Group and Management Committee of the Special Programme on the Control of Chemicals. At its 20th Session, the Joint Meeting endorsed the document with minor editorial changes and recommended that it be derestricted under the authority of the Secretary-General.In light of the adoption of the Revised OECD Principles of GLP in 1997, this Consensus Document was reviewed by the Working Group on GLP and revised to make it consistent with modifications made to the Principles. It was endorsed by the Working Group in April 1999 and, subsequently by the Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Committee and Working Party on Chemicals, Pesticides and Biotechnology in August 1999. . It too is declassified under the authority of the Secretary-General.ENV/JM/MONO(99)24CONTENTSTHE ROLE OF THE STUDY DIRECTOR (7)MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES (7)Appointment of Study Directors (8)Training of Study Directors (8)RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE STUDY DIRECTOR (8)Study initiation (8)Study conduct (9)Final Report (9)Archives (10)Sub-contracting (10)STUDY PLAN AMENDMENTS AND DEVIATIONS (10)Study Plan Amendment (10)Study Deviations (10)QUALIFICATIONS OF THE STUDY DIRECTOR (11)INTERFACE WITH THE STUDY (11)REPLACEMENT OF THE STUDY DIRECTOR (11)LEGAL STATUS OF THE STUDY DIRECTOR (12)ENV/JM/MONO(99)24GLP CONSENSUS DOCUMENTTHE ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE STUDY DIRECTORIN GLP STUDIESThe Role of the Study DirectorThe Study Director represents the single point of study control with ultimate responsibility for the overall scientific conduct of the study. This is the prime role of the Study Director, and all duties and responsibilities as outlined in the GLP Principles stem from it. Experience has shown that unless responsibility for the proper conduct of a study is assigned to one person, there is a potential for personnel to receive conflicting instructions, which can result in poor implementation of the study plan. There can be only one Study Director for a study at any given time. Although some of the duties of the Study Director can be delegated, as in the case of a subcontracted study, the ultimate responsibility of the Study Director as the single central point of control cannot.In this regard, the Study Director serves to assure that the scientific, administrative and regulatory aspects of the study are controlled. The Study Director accomplishes this by coordinating the inputs of management, scientific/technical staff and the Quality Assurance programme.In multi-site studies which involve work at more than one test site and the Study Director cannot exercise immediate supervision, study procedures may be controlled by an appropriately trained, qualified and experienced member of the staff, called the Principal Investigator. He is responsible for the conduct of certain defined phases of the study in accordance with the applicable Principles of Good Laboratory Practice, acting on behalf of the Study Director.Scientifically, the Study Director is usually the scientist responsible for study plan design and approval, as well as overseeing data collection, analysis and reporting. The Study Director is responsible for drawing the final overall conclusions from the study. As the lead scientist, the Study Director must coordinate with other study scientists, and/or Principal Investigator(s) keeping informed of their findings during the study and receiving and evaluating their respective individual reports for inclusion in the final study report.Administratively, the Study Director must request and coordinate resources provided by management, such as personnel, equipment and facilities, to ensure they are adequate and available as scheduled for the proper conduct of the study.Compliance with regulations is also the responsibility of the Study Director. In this role the Study Director is responsible for ensuring that the study is carried out in accordance with the Principles of GLP, which require the Study Director’s signature on the final study report to confirm compliance with the GLP Principles.Management ResponsibilitiesManagement of a testing facility is responsible for ensuring that the facility operates in compliance with GLP Principles. This responsibility includes the appointment and effective organisation of an adequateENV/JM/MONO(99)24number of appropriately qualified and experienced staff throughout the facility, including Study Directors, and, in the event of multi-site studies, Principal Investigator(s), if needed.Appointment of Study DirectorsManagement should maintain a policy document defining the procedures adopted for selection and appointment of Study Directors, their deputies, and Principal Investigator(s) if required by national programmes.When appointing a Study Director to a study, management should be aware of that person’s current or anticipated workloads. The master schedule, which includes information on the type and timing of studies allocated to each Study Director, can be used to assess the volume of work being performed by individuals within the testing facility and is a useful management tool when allocating studies.Replacement of a Study Director and/or Principal Investigator should be done according to established procedures and should be documented.Training of Study DirectorsManagement should ensure that there is documentation of training in all aspects of the Study Director’s work. A training programme should ensure that Study Directors have a thorough understanding of GLP Principles and an appropriate knowledge of testing facility procedures. This may include an awareness and working knowledge of other guidelines and regulations pertinent to the testing facility and the particular study type, for example, the OECD Test Guidelines. Training may include work experience under the supervision of competent staff. Observation periods or work experience within each discipline involved in a study can provide a useful basic understanding of relevant practical aspects and scientific principles, and assist in the formation of communication links. Attendance at in-house and external seminars and courses, membership in professional societies and access to appropriate literature may allow Study Directors to maintain current awareness of developments within their scientific field. Professional development should be continuous and subject to periodic review. All training should be documented and records should be retained for the period specified by the appropriate authorities.Documented records of such a programme should reflect the progression of training and provide a clear indication of the type of study that an individual is considered competent to direct. Further training or retraining may be necessary from time to time, for example, following the introduction of new technology, procedures or regulatory requirements.Responsibilities of the Study DirectorThe Study Director is the individual who has overall responsibility for the scientific conduct of a study and can confirm the compliance of the study with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. Study InitiationThe Study Director has to approve the study plan which is prepared before study initiation by dated signature. This document should clearly define the objectives and the whole conduct of the study and how they are to be achieved. Any amendments to the study plan have to be approved as mentioned above. For aENV/JM/MONO(99)24 multi-site study the study plan should identify and define the role of any Principal Investigator(s) and any test facilities and test sites involved in the conduct of the study.The Study Director should take responsibility for the study by dated signature of the study plan, at which stage the study plan becomes the official working document for that study (study initiation date). If appropriate, the Study Director should also ensure that the study plan has been signed by the sponsor and the management, if required by national programmes.Before the study initiation date the Study Director should make the study plan available to Quality Assurance (QA) staff for verifying that it contains all information required for compliance with the GLP Principles.Before the experimental starting date of the study, the Study Director should assure that copies of the study plan are supplied to all personnel involved in the study; this should include Quality Assurance (QA) staff.Before any work on the study is undertaken, the Study Director should ascertain that management have committed adequate resources to perform the study, and that adequate test materials and test systems are available.Study ConductThe Study Director has responsibility for the overall conduct of the study and should ensure that the procedures laid down in the study plan including amendments are followed and all data generated during the study are fully documented. Specific technical responsibilities may be delegated to competent staff, and need to be documented.The Study Director’s involvement during the course of the study should include overviewing the study procedures and data to ensure that the procedures laid down in the study plan are being followed and that there is compliance with the relevant Standard Operating Procedures, and should include computer-generated data. In order to demonstrate this, the type and frequency of the reviews should be documented in the study records.As all decisions that may affect the integrity of the study should ultimately be approved by the Study Director, it is important that he remains aware of the progress of the study. This is of particular importance following temporary absence from the study and can only be achieved by maintaining effective communication with all the scientific, technical and administrative personnel involved, and for a multi-site study with Principal Investigator(s). Of necessity, lines of communication should ensure that deviations from the study plan can be rapidly transmitted and that issues arising are documented.If data are recorded on paper, the Study Director should ensure that the data generated are fully and accurately documented and that they have been generated in compliance with GLP Principles. For data recorded electronically onto a computerised system, the Study Director’s responsibilities are the same as for paper systems. In addition, the Study Director should also ensure that computerised systems are suitable for their intended purpose, have been validated, and are fit for use in the study.Final ReportThe final report of a study should be produced as a detailed scientific document outlining the purpose of the study, describing the methods and materials used, summarising and analysing data generated, and stating the conclusions drawn.ENV/JM/MONO(99)24If the Study Director is satisfied that the report is a complete, true and accurate representation of the study and its results, then and only then, should the Study Director sign and date the final report to indicate acceptance of responsibility for the validity of the data. The extent of compliance with the GLP Principles should be indicated. He should also assure himself that there is a QA statement and that any deviations from the study plan have been noted.ArchivesOn completion (including termination) of a study the Study Director is responsible for ensuring that the study plan, final report, raw data and related material are archived in a timely manner. The final report should include a statement indicating where all the samples of test and reference items, specimens, raw data, study plan, final report and other related documentation are to be stored. Once data are transferred to the archives, the responsibility for it lies with management.Sub-contractingWhere parts of any study are contracted out, the Study Director (and QA staff) should have knowledge of the GLP compliance status of that facility. If a contract facility is not GLP compliant, the Study Director must indicate this in the final report.Study Plan Amendments and DeviationsStudy Plan AmendmentA study plan amendment should be issued to document an intended change in study design after the study initiation date and before the event occurs. An amendment may also be issued as a result of unexpected occurrences during the study that will require significant action. Amendments should indicate the reason for the change and be sequentially numbered, dated, signed and distributed to all recipients of the original study plan by the Study Director.Study DeviationsWhereas an amendment is an intended change to the study plan, a deviation is an unintended change which occurs during the execution of the study. Study information such as a deviation from the study plan should be noted in the study documentation. Such notes may be initiated by other personnel involved in the study, but should be acknowledged, described, explained and dated in a timely fashion by the Study Director and/or Principal Investigator(s) and maintained with the study raw data. The Study Director should approve any corrective action taken. The Study Director should consider whether to consult with other scientists to determine the impact of any such information on the study, and should report (and discuss where necessary) these deviations in the final report.ENV/JM/MONO(99)24 Qualifications of the Study DirectorQualifications for a Study Director will be dictated by the requirements of each individual study. Setting the criteria is the responsibility of the management. Furthermore, management has the responsibility for selection, monitoring and support of the Study Director to ensure that studies are carried out in compliance with the GLP Principles. Any minimal qualifications established by management for the position of Study Director should be documented in the appropriate personnel records. In addition to a strong technical background, the coordinating role of the Study Director requires an individual with strengths in communication and problem solving and managerial skills.Interface with the StudyThe Study Director has the overall responsibility for the conduct of a study. The term "responsibility for the overall conduct of the study and for its final report" may be interpreted in a broad sense for those studies where the Study Director may be geographically remote from parts of the actual experimental work. With multiple levels of management, study personnel and QA staff, it is critical that there are clear lines of authority and communication, and assigned responsibilities, so that the Study Director can effectively carry out his GLP responsibilities. This should be documented in writing. Test facility management should ensure that for multi-site studies clear lines of communication exist between the Study Director, Principal Investigator(s), the Quality Assurance Programme(s) and the study personnel For studies that have delegated responsibilities to a Principal Investigator(s), the Study Director will rely on that individual to assure that relevant phase(s) of the study are conducted in accordance with the study plan, relevant SOPs and with GLP Principles. The Principal Investigator should contact the Study Director when event(s) occur that may affect the objectives defined in the study plan. All communications should be documented.Communication between the Study Director and QA is required at all stages of the study.This communication may involve:—an active involvement with QA, for example, review of study plans in a timely manner, involvement in the review of new and revised Standard Operating Procedures, attendance ofQA personnel at study initiation meetings and in resolving potential problems related to GLP.—responding to inspection and audit reports promptly, indicating corrective action and, if necessary, liaising with QA staff and scientific and technical personnel to facilitate responses toinspection/audit findings.Replacement of the Study DirectorThe Study Director has the responsibility for the overall conduct of a study according to the GLP Principles and he has to ascertain that in every phase of a study these principles are fully complied with, that the study plan is followed faithfully and that all observations are fully documented. Theoretically, thisENV/JM/MONO(99)24responsibility can only be fulfilled if the Study Director is present all the time during the whole study. This is not always feasible in practice and there will be periods of absence which might make replacement necessary. While the circumstances under which a Study Director would be replaced are not defined in the GLP Principles, they should be addressed to the degree feasible by the facility’s SOPs. These SOPs should also address the procedures and documentation necessary to replace a Study Director.The decision for replacement or temporary delegation is the responsibility of management. All such decisions should be documented in writing. There are two circumstances where replacement might be considered, both of which are of importance only in longer-term studies, since the continuing presence of a Study Director during a short study may be assumed. In the event of termination of employment of a Study Director, the need for replacing this key person is obvious. In this case, one of the responsibilities of the replacement Study Director is, with the assistance of Quality Assurance personnel, to assure himself as soon as practicable of the GLP compliance in the study as conducted to date. The replacement of a Study Director and the reasons for it must be documented and authorised by management. It is also recommended that the results of any interim GLP review should be documented in case deficiencies or deviations have been found.The second circumstance is when a Study Director is temporarily absent because of holidays, scientific meeting, illness or accident. An absence of short duration might not necessitate the formal replacement of the Study Director if it is possible to communicate with him if problems or emergencies arise. If critical study phases are expected to fall into the period of absence, they may either be moved to a more suitable time (with study plan amendment, if necessary), or a replacement of the Study Director may be considered, either by formally nominating a replacement Study Director or by temporary delegation of responsibilities to competent staff for this specific phase of the study. Should the unavailability of the Study Director be of longer duration, a replacement should be named rather than delegation to competent staff.The returning Study Director must ascertain as soon as practicable whether or not deviations from GLP Principles have occurred, irrespective of whether or not he was formally replaced during his absence. Deviations from GLP Principles during his absence should be documented by the returning Study Director.Legal Status of the Study DirectorThe Study Director, by virtue of his signature in the final report confirming compliance with the GLP Principles, assumes responsibility for the performance of the study in compliance with GLP Principles and for the accurate representation of the raw data in the final report. However, the legal liability of the Study Director is established by national legislation and legal processes, and not by the OECD Principles of GLP.。
艺术留学作品集封面设计技巧
艺术留学作品集封面设计技巧现在很多高中生会申请去国外艺术留学，那么作品集（Portfolio），在艺术留学申请过程中，占了很大的比重。
今天小编带来了艺术留学作品集封面设计技巧，一起来看看吧。
（图片转自百度）留学作品集一般由4～6个project组成。
区别于国内艺术院校的基础习作、课堂作品等，project的内容需要具备独创性和专业性。
准备申请艺术留学的同学应该都明白艺术留学作品集的重要性，作品集可以展示你的学术、思维、创意，让你在招生官面前大放光彩。
但总有些人往往忽略了作品集封面的重要性。
一般而言店铺作品集的封面上需要安排的内容有个人姓名、专业、“Portfolio”字样、而作品集封面上可选的内容有：其他图案、作品分类、设计理念、感悟以及能够体现自己特色的内容。
1. 极简主义流此设计最大的特色就是大胆留白或者统一的底色，一般纯用文字（而且是小号的文字）构图，恨不能封面就是纯粹的整版的颜色就行。
极简派对于文字的样式、大小、字间距以及文字在页面中的位置以及所占幅面有着极其严格的要求。
但极简流做好了绝对是作品集装逼的第一利器。
2. 构成主义流构成主义流的封面是一种扁平化的平面设计，如蒙特利安的色块构成一般，倾向于用点、线、面的元素配合色彩的对比运用，此种手法的难点就在于元素各自的比例关系，以及元素之间的融合。
3. 简明扼要流这种流派最简单，有点像极简流，但它设计的出发点又跟极简流不一样，它是讲究信息传达的直接明了，信息优先，排版靠后；而后者是版面优先、信息靠后（甚至可以忽略）。
简明扼要流是一种最原始的版面，没有炫酷的构图，也没有极简的纯粹，在众多高逼格作品封面中，唯独它是以清爽直白取胜。
4. 图片主义流图片流设计说简单也行，说难也行。
简单就在于它的设计没有太多的比例构图要求且元素单一，难就难在对于图片内容的选择和处理上。
封面的图片内容可以多样的，自己的作品、代表自己设计思想的意向图、自己设计一个小LOGO、一个符号等等……但不管如何，有个统一的选择准则——好看，然后在图片处理上，一般是以清新淡雅为主，如果图片颜色需要艳丽，那建议版面底色可以用比较重的颜色，如黑色这种。
英国艺术生留学作品集准备攻略
英国艺术生留学作品集准备攻略艺术生想要申请英国留学，作品集是必不可少的?在准备作品集的时候有哪些技巧呢?下面就来听听的专家怎么说的吧!一起来看看英国艺术生留学作品集准备攻略。
招数一你的作品必须有自己的“独创性”。
你的作品集中如果含有大量的抄袭或者模仿的作品、而没有或者很少有自己的特色，那么你的申请必然不会成功。
那些有条件参加学校面试的艺术设计类学生能够很明显的体会到，在面试时面试官员在学生作品内容，以及学生创作思路方面总是表现的很感兴趣。
有时甚至成为决定性的关键。
招数二你的作品需要“get it right”。
仅仅有独创性，但是杂乱无章、没有主题会使整个作品集黯然失色。
你可以为自己的作品集设定一个整体思路，也可以分章节设立不同的思路来展现自己的特性和个性。
每一份作品都是一次个人的展示，要保证它“有条理、整洁并且说明自己的想法和思路”。
招数三你的作品需要展现你的功底。
对于一个艺术设计类学生来说，绘画功底是硬性的要求。
一位成功申请到Brighton大学3D设计专业的学生这样描述自己的亲身经历：“导师们想要那种掌握了很多技能技巧，尤其是具备扎实的绘画技巧的学生。
如果这个学生同时具备源源不断的灵感，那就太完美了!”很多大学的老师非常想看到学生平时的素描作业或者手绘本，尤其是非常想看到学生的想法是如何在付诸实践的过程中克服一个个困难、最终成功的。
所以在展现功底的同时，我们也建议学生将自己付诸实践的过程呈现在审理官面前，并且附上相应的描述。
招数四如果你具备其他方面的功底，例如平面(电子的或者手绘的)、摄影或者制作，那也毫不犹豫的展现到你的作品集中吧。
但是要注意，一定要有逻辑性的展示它们、注意顺序、空间和构图，避免重复和繁杂。
招数五作品的专业度，以摄影类的作品举例，申请者需要展示自己对于这门课程的热爱和知识含量，他们在作品里所展示的那些画面，需要表现出自己对所使用工具的高度理解力和掌控力。
导师们一般都想见到经过深思熟虑所呈现出来的作品。
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干货分享| 中央圣马丁老师Alexandra对作品集的建议Author: Alexandra Suhner Isenberg: 英国中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院硕士及教师，曾任Burberry设计师，并经营自己的奢侈品内衣公司。
现在她是Vitamin Daily 的时尚编辑，并任教于温哥华视觉艺术设计学院Visual College of Art and Design，同时她也是博客写手，时尚咨询师等。
这篇文章是源于她的一封答读者来信。
Hi Alexandra,I’m wanted to know how should I prepare an entry portfolio for entering into a fashion course ? Any piece of advice would be helpful. Thank you!Alexandra，你好!我想知道如何准备申请时尚设计的作品集?任何建议都好，非常感谢!Dear Srijaa,Happy to help. I’ve been in the position to help students prepare portfolios, as well as evaluating prospective students’ portfolios, so I am happy to give you some advice. And let it be known that these tips are not only applicable to student’s preparin g portfolios to join fashion courses, they are also relevant to graduates looking for fashion jobs.亲爱的Srijaa,很高兴能帮到你。
我曾经帮助学生准备作品集也评估过申请者的作品，所以我很高兴可以给你一些建议。
这些建议不仅适用于申请时尚设计课程也适用于毕业生应聘时尚相关工作。
1. Read the portfolio requirements. All schools have different portfolio requirements, so make sure to READ the requirements and FOLLOW them. This may sounds like a no brainer, but I have seen a lot of students who used the exact same portfolio for ten different course applications, even though it meant they were turning up to interviews with the wrong material. So if they want 3 design projects, a sketchbook, and a toile, bring that. If you’ve got amazing stuff that doesn’t fit into the requirements, bring it separately, and tell them you have a few more things y ou’d like to show them. Maybe they will look, maybe they won’t. (On that note, make sure to read the course DESCRIPTION, too. I can’t tell you how many students came to the interview for our fashion management and marketing course and told us how they wanted to be designers. Duh.)1.仔细阅读作品集要求。
每个学校的作品集要求不尽相同，仔细研究并且遵循其要求。
这听起来很白痴，但是我见过很多学生申请10个不同的课程但是用一模一样的作品集，这意味着他们面试的时候带着错误的申请材料。
因此，如果学校需要3个设计项目，一个速写本，一种布料，带着他们。
如果你有非常棒的材料但是不符合学校的要求，那么分开携带，并且告诉面试官你还想给他们展示其他东西。
他们或许会看或许不会。
(关于这一点，确认也要认真阅读学校的课程介绍。
很多学生我面试时尚管理和时尚营销的时候跟我们说他们想成为一个设计师。
)2. Prepare to be flexible, and take things in and out. Because different jobs and courses will have different requirements, make sure to be prepared to adapt your portfolio according to the position you are applying for (just like you do with a resume, right?) So if you have five great projects, maybe you only bring three to one interview, and four to another, because there were elements that weren’t relevant to one particular school or job. This also means you need a portfolio where you can remove content. Very important, see below.2. 要利于编辑。
不同的工作(学校)有不同的要求，根据你所申请的职位(课程)不同对作品集要做相应的调整(就像制作简历那样)。
因此，如果你有五个设计项目，你可能面试这个工作(学校)的时候带三个，而去另一个面试的时候带四个，因为作品当中会有某些元素跟你所申请的工作(学校)不相关。
这就是说你的作品集也方便你删除内容。
这非常重要。
A line up of the whole collection, by Katharina Domokosch. This is a great way to end a fashion design project, as it allows the viewer to see the collection as a whole.这是一列发布会的作品-- Katharina Domokosch. 这是一种非常好的展示时尚设计项目的方式，因为它可以让人把整个系列作为一个整体来看。
3. Buy a good portfolio. And have a great digital version.A good portfolio is an indispensable tool for a fashion person. I suggest A4 or letter size (bigger makes you look student-y, although some schools will require this, see point 1. ) Choose something neutral (ie. black. No logos, no weird colours, no cheap binding, please.) Make sure it is very high quality and has sleeves where you can easily change the content, and how many pages are in the portfolio. Your portfolio will last you for years, which is why you want it to be neutral. Eve n though you might be obsessed with pink bows and lace now, you don’t want your portfolio to be pink and lacy, as you may end up being a menswear designer in five years. Expect to spend well into the three digits for a good portfolio and sleeves, but count this as an investment.I once saw Louise Wilson (course director on the MA at St. Martins) refuse an application because the portfolio looked ―disgusting.‖ She didn’t even open it. But, I won’t deny she has a good point. What kind of person are you if you go to a job interview in a sweatsuit? The same type of person who puts their prized work into the portfolio equivalent of a sweatsuit.3. 买一个好的作品集子(编者注：速写本之类)，要有很棒的电子版。
一个好的作品集子是时尚界人士必不可少的工具。
我建议选择A4或者信纸大小(虽然有的学校要求大一点的尺寸，但是太大的话看起来太学生气)。
选择普通的(就是黑的，拜托一定不要有logo、奇怪的颜色、廉价的装订等)。
确保它质量很好，内页可以很方便的替换，并且页数足够。
作品集要跟你好多年所以一定不要太花哨。
可能现在你的集子满是粉色的蝴蝶结和花边，但是你一定不希望你的作品集子变成蝴蝶结或者花边，因为你可能五年以后变成了一个男装设计师。
就当是一项投资，花费一定的时间将你比较满意的三个作品和单页做成电子版。
我曾经见过Louise Wilson(中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院MA的面试官)拒绝了一个申请者，因为其作品看起来很―恶心‖。